JP6085729B1 - 発泡成形品の製造方法、及び、発泡成形品 - Google Patents
発泡成形品の製造方法、及び、発泡成形品 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6085729B1 JP6085729B1 JP2016560833A JP2016560833A JP6085729B1 JP 6085729 B1 JP6085729 B1 JP 6085729B1 JP 2016560833 A JP2016560833 A JP 2016560833A JP 2016560833 A JP2016560833 A JP 2016560833A JP 6085729 B1 JP6085729 B1 JP 6085729B1
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- linear
- mold
- cavity
- foam
- molded product
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Images
Classifications
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- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
- B29C48/0012—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. foaming
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/58—Moulds
- B29C44/586—Moulds with a cavity increasing in size during foaming
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C44/04—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles consisting of at least two parts of chemically or physically different materials, e.g. having different densities
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/36—Feeding the material to be shaped
- B29C44/38—Feeding the material to be shaped into a closed space, i.e. to make articles of definite length
- B29C44/42—Feeding the material to be shaped into a closed space, i.e. to make articles of definite length using pressure difference, e.g. by injection or by vacuum
- B29C44/422—Feeding the material to be shaped into a closed space, i.e. to make articles of definite length using pressure difference, e.g. by injection or by vacuum by injecting by forward movement of the plastizising screw
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
- B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
- B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
- B29C48/425—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders using three or more screws
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D1/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material or by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
- B65D1/40—Details of walls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
- B65D81/38—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents with thermal insulation
- B65D81/3813—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents with thermal insulation rigid container being in the form of a box, tray or like container
- B65D81/3816—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents with thermal insulation rigid container being in the form of a box, tray or like container formed of foam material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/42—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the shape of the moulding surface, e.g. ribs or grooves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
- B29K2105/043—Skinned foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
- B29L2031/7132—Bowls, Cups, Glasses
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Molding Of Porous Articles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
上記樹脂組成物は、熱可塑性樹脂組成物であることが好ましい。上記熱可塑性樹脂組成物としては、例えば、ポリオレフィン及びポリ乳酸の混合物が好適に用いられる。ポリオレフィンとポリ乳酸とは互いに溶解しない非相溶系のポリマー同士であるため、混合しても互いに溶解せず、界面が形成される。したがって、超臨界流体を用いた発泡において、その界面を発泡起点(発泡核)として用いることができる。一方で、均一に発泡した発泡成形品を製造するためには、発泡させる前の樹脂組成物を均一に分散することが求められる。このため、カルボニル基を含む変性ポリオレフィンを添加することで、ポリオレフィンとポリ乳酸を相溶化し、分散性を向上させる。これにより、発泡成形品の内部に、多数の微細な気泡(粒子径の小さい発泡粒子)を均一に存在させることができ、耐熱性、強度及び軽量性等の特性に優れた発泡成形品を製造できる。
上記他のポリオレフィンとしては、例えば、α−オレフィンの単重合体、エチレン−プロピレン共重合体、エチレン−αオレフィン共重合体、及び、プロピレン−αオレフィン共重合体等が挙げられる。上記α−オレフィンとしては、例えば、1−ブテン、1−ペンテン、3−メチル−1−ブテン、1−ヘキセン、3−メチル−1−ペンテン、4−メチル−1−ペンテン、3−エチル−1−ペンテン、1−オクテン、1−デセン、及び、1−ウンデセン等の炭素数4〜12のα−オレフィンが挙げられる。
ポリプロピレン50重量%、ポリ乳酸30重量%及びタルク20重量%をドライブレンドし、二軸押出機(株式会社日本製鋼所製、「TEX30」)を使って温度設定220℃で混練し、ペレット状の発泡用熱可塑性樹脂組成物を得た。得られた発泡用熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、ポリ乳酸の粒子がポリプロピレン中に分散した熱可塑性樹脂組成物であった。下記表1に、各材料の入手先及び物性を示した。
超臨界流体の充填量(単位:重量%)=[(超臨界流体の流量×超臨界流体の流入時間×換算係数27.8)÷発泡用熱可塑性樹脂組成物の重量]×100 (1)
下記表2に示したように、金型の形状を変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして発泡成形品を作製した。なお、実施例及び比較例では、板状の発泡成形品を製造できる金型を用いた。実施例2〜7は、実施例1と同様に、図3の(a)に示したような、金型の一方に線状の凹部及び線状の凸部を有する金型を用いた。実施例8は、図4に示したような、金型の一方に線状の凹部を有し、板状の発泡成形品を製造できる金型を用いた。実施例9及び10は、図6の(a)に示したような、金型の両方(雄型及び雌型)に、線状の凹部と線状の凸部とを有する金型を用いた。実施例11は、図6の(b)に示したような、金型の両方(雄型及び雌型)に、線状の凹部と線状の凸部とを有する金型を用いた。比較例1〜8では、図7の(a)に示したような、金型の雄型及び雌型のいずれにも、線状の凹部と線状の凸部を有さず、キャビティの間隔が一定である金型を用いた。比較例9は、図7の(b)に示したような、金型の両方(雄型及び雌型)に、線状の凹部と線状の凸部とを有するが、キャビティの間隔が一定である金型を用いた。
実施例1〜11及び比較例1〜9で作製した発泡成形品について、以下の方法により、発泡倍率を算出し、断熱性及び外観を評価した。その結果を下記表2に示した。なお、比較例2は、コアバック前のキャビティ容積が小さいため、溶融樹脂が充分に充填できず、板状に形成することができなかったため、下記評価は実施していない。
発泡倍率は、板状に成形した発泡成形品(以下、発泡成形板ともいう)の一枚辺りの容積を、コアバック前のキャビティの容積で割ることで算出した。具体的には、以下の方法により算出した。
1.所定の位置に計量線を付けたバケツと錘を準備し、バケツと錘の総重量(g)を測定した。
2.錘を入れたバケツに、計量線まで注水し、バケツと錘と水の総重量(g)を測定した。
3.上記バケツと錘と水の総重量から、上記バケツと錘の総重量を引いた値を、水の密度(1g/cm3)で割って、発泡成形板を入れない状態での水の容積X(cm3)を算出した。
4.実施例1〜11及び比較例1〜9の各々について、発泡成形板十枚を準備した。発泡成形板十枚を空のバケツに入れ、その上に錘を乗せ、上記計量線まで注水し、総重量Y(g)を測定した。
5.上記Yから上記バケツと錘の総重量を引いた値を、水の密度(1g/cm3)で割って、発泡成形板を入れた状態での水の容積Z(cm3)を算出した。
6.上記Xから上記Zを引いた値を、10で割って、発泡成形板の一枚辺りの容積(cm3)を算出した。
7.上記発泡成形板の一枚辺りの容積を、コアバック前のキャビティ容積(cm3)で割って、発泡成形板の発泡倍率を算出した。
断熱ボックスの中間を発泡成形板で仕切り、体積が同じ二つの部屋を作製した。一方の部屋にヒーターと熱電対を配置し、他方の部屋には熱電対のみを配置した。その後、ヒーターで加温し、ヒーターを配置した部屋の温度と、他方の部屋の温度との差が30℃になるまでに要した時間を測定した。この時間が120分以上を〇(合格)とし、120分未満を×(不合格)とした。
実施例1〜11及び比較例1〜9の各々について、発泡成形品を100個ずつ準備し、それらの外観を目視で確認した。すべての発泡成形品において表面の膨れ、及び、皺が確認されなかった場合を〇(合格)とし、いずれか1個以上の発泡成形品で表面の膨れ、又は、皺が確認された場合を×(不合格)とした。
21 ホッパ
22 シリンダ
23 スクリュ
24 ノズル
25 ボンベ
26 超臨界流体発生部
27 注入制御部
30、330 金型
31、331 第一金型部(雄型)
32、332 第二金型部(雌型)
33 キャビティ
34 ランナ
35、135 樹脂注入口
36 線状の凹部
37 線状の凸部
38 線状の平坦部
100 発泡成形品
110 スキン層(外皮層)
120 発泡層
136 薄肉部
137 厚肉部
200 食品用容器
Claims (6)
- 超臨界流体、又は、化学発泡剤を含む溶融樹脂を射出成形して、可動部を有する金型内のキャビティに充填する工程と、
前記キャビティに充填された前記溶融樹脂が固化し終わる前に、前記可動部を移動させて前記キャビティの容積を拡大させる工程とを有し、
前記金型は、樹脂注入口から前記キャビティの末端に向かう方向に沿って、前記キャビティの間隔が広い第1の線状部分と前記キャビティの間隔が狭い第2の線状部分とが交互に配置され、
前記第1の線状部分での前記キャビティの間隔をHa、前記第2の線状部分での前記キャビティの間隔をHbとすると、前記Ha及び前記Hbは、Ha>Hbであり、0.2mm以上、3.0mm以下であることを特徴とする発泡成形品の製造方法。 - 前記第1の線状部分は、前記金型の前記キャビティに面する表面に設けられた線状の凹部により形成され、かつ、前記第2の線状部分は、前記金型の前記キャビティに面する表面に設けられた線状の凸部により形成されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の発泡成形品の製造方法。
- 前記線状の凹部の底部から前記線状の凸部の頂部までの高さは、0.1mm以上であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の発泡成形品の製造方法。
- 前記Haは、0.4mm以上、3.0mm以下であり、上記Hbは、0.2mm以上、1.5mm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の発泡成形品の製造方法。
- 表面及び裏面に厚肉部と薄肉部とを交互に有する発泡成形品を製造することを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の発泡成形品の製造方法。
- 樹脂組成物の発泡成形品であって、
表面及び裏面に薄肉部と厚肉部とを交互に有し、
前記薄肉部と厚肉部とは、樹脂注入口から容器の末端に向かう方向に沿って形成されたことを特徴とする発泡成形品。
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