JP5846137B2 - 触媒コンバーター - Google Patents
触媒コンバーター Download PDFInfo
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- JP5846137B2 JP5846137B2 JP2013025698A JP2013025698A JP5846137B2 JP 5846137 B2 JP5846137 B2 JP 5846137B2 JP 2013025698 A JP2013025698 A JP 2013025698A JP 2013025698 A JP2013025698 A JP 2013025698A JP 5846137 B2 JP5846137 B2 JP 5846137B2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9422—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by NOx storage or reduction by cyclic switching between lean and rich exhaust gases (LNT, NSC, NSR)
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- B01J23/46—Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
- B01J23/464—Rhodium
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
- B01J37/0244—Coatings comprising several layers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0864—Oxygen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
- F01N3/2825—Ceramics
- F01N3/2828—Ceramic multi-channel monoliths, e.g. honeycombs
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- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
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- B01D2255/102—Platinum group metals
- B01D2255/1021—Platinum
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- F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
- F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
- F01N2510/068—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings
- F01N2510/0682—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings having a discontinuous, uneven or partially overlapping coating of catalytic material, e.g. higher amount of material upstream than downstream or vice versa
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- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Description
まず、本発明の触媒コンバーターが介在する排ガスの排気系統を概説する。本発明の触媒コンバーターが適用される排ガスの排気系統は、エンジン、触媒コンバーター、三元触媒コンバーター、サブマフラーおよびメインマフラーが配されて相互に系統管で繋がれ、エンジンで生成された排ガスが系統管を介して各部を流通し、排気されるようになっている。次に、以下、触媒コンバーターの実施の形態を説明する。
図1aは本発明の触媒コンバーターの模式図であり、図1bはセルの一部を拡大した図である。また、図2a,b、図3a,b、図4a,bはそれぞれ、触媒層の実施の形態1〜6を説明した縦断面図である。
本発明者等は、第1の触媒層の長さを基材の長さの80%に規定した上で、第2の触媒層の長さを基材に対して0%、10%、30%、50%、80%、および100%で変化させ、それぞれのケースにおける触媒層を具備する触媒コンバーターを試作して耐久試験を実施し、定常Rich状態でのNOx量を測定する実験をおこなった。
第2の触媒層(貴金属触媒にPdを使用)形成用のスラリーの作製に関し、Al2O3複合酸化物65g/Lに硝酸Pd溶液を担体中に含浸させ、1.0質量%の担持粉末を作製した。次いで、CeO2-ZrO2複合酸化物(CeO2/ZrO2/La2O3/Y2O3=30/60/5/5(質量%))を85g/Lと、酢酸Baを10g/L相当と水、Al2O3バインダー、酢酸、増粘剤等を所定量混合し、Pd触媒スラリーを得た。
実機エンジン直下に作製した触媒コンバーターをセットし、A/Fはサイクリックに変化する複合パターン下で床温1000℃で50時間の耐久試験を実施した。
別途の実機エンジンに耐久試験後の触媒コンバーターをセットし、A/Fをリッチ〜リーンに矩形状に変動させ、リッチ120秒保持した際の浄化性能をNOx平均排出量として算出した。試験結果を図5に示す。
本発明者等はさらに、実施例と比較例にかかる触媒層を具備する触媒コンバーターを試作して耐久試験を実施し、定常Rich状態でのNOx量を測定する実験をおこなった。
第2の触媒層(貴金属触媒にPdを使用)形成用のスラリーの作製に関し、Al2O3複合酸化物65g/Lに硝酸Pd溶液を担体中に含浸させ、1.0質量%の担持粉末を作製した。次いで、CeO2-ZrO2複合酸化物(CeO2/ZrO2/La2O3/Y2O3=30/60/5/5(質量%))を85g/Lと、酢酸Baを10g/L相当と水、Al2O3バインダー、酢酸、増粘剤等を所定量混合し、Pd触媒スラリーを得た。
実機エンジン直下に作製した触媒コンバーターをセットし、A/Fはサイクリックに変化する複合パターン下で床温1000℃で50時間の耐久試験を実施した。
別途の実機エンジンに耐久試験後の触媒コンバーターをセットし、A/Fをリッチ〜リーンに矩形状に変動させ、リッチ120秒保持した際の浄化性能をNOx平均排出量として算出した。試験結果を図6に示す。
Claims (2)
- 排ガスが流通するセル構造の基材と、基材のセル壁面に形成されている触媒層とからなる触媒コンバーターであって、
前記触媒層は、基材において排ガスの流れ方向の上流側に配された第1の触媒層と、排ガスの流れ方向の下流側に配された第2の触媒層とから構成されており、
第1の触媒層は、担体と該担体に担持された貴金属触媒であるロジウムとから形成されており、
第2の触媒層は、担体と該担体に担持された貴金属触媒であるパラジウムもしくは白金とから形成されており、
第1の触媒層と第2の触媒層それぞれの担体は異なる組成の複合酸化物からなり、
第1の触媒層は、基材の前記上流側の端部を起点として基材の全長の80%以上100%未満の範囲に形成されており、
第2の触媒層は、基材の前記下流側の端部を起点として基材の全長の20%以上50%未満の範囲に形成されており、
第1の触媒層と第2の触媒層はそれぞれの一部同士が積層しており、上流側から順に、第1の触媒層の一層構造、第1の触媒層と第2の触媒層が積層した二層構造、第2の触媒層の一層構造となっている触媒コンバーター。 - 前記第1の触媒層の担体がセリウムを含まない請求項1に記載の触媒コンバーター。
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013025698A JP5846137B2 (ja) | 2013-02-13 | 2013-02-13 | 触媒コンバーター |
PCT/JP2013/084081 WO2014125734A1 (ja) | 2013-02-13 | 2013-12-19 | 触媒コンバーター |
CN201380072737.8A CN104981288B (zh) | 2013-02-13 | 2013-12-19 | 催化转换器 |
US14/766,883 US10010873B2 (en) | 2013-02-13 | 2013-12-19 | Catalytic converter |
DE112013006665.3T DE112013006665T5 (de) | 2013-02-13 | 2013-12-19 | Katalysator |
BR112015019210-6A BR112015019210B1 (pt) | 2013-02-13 | 2013-12-19 | conversor catalítico |
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JP2013025698A JP5846137B2 (ja) | 2013-02-13 | 2013-02-13 | 触媒コンバーター |
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JP2014151306A JP2014151306A (ja) | 2014-08-25 |
JP5846137B2 true JP5846137B2 (ja) | 2016-01-20 |
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JP2013025698A Active JP5846137B2 (ja) | 2013-02-13 | 2013-02-13 | 触媒コンバーター |
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Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10010873B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5846137B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104981288B (ja) |
BR (1) | BR112015019210B1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112013006665T5 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2014125734A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (30)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6389420B2 (ja) * | 2014-11-12 | 2018-09-12 | 株式会社キャタラー | 排ガス浄化用触媒 |
US10598068B2 (en) | 2015-12-21 | 2020-03-24 | Emissol, Llc | Catalytic converters having non-linear flow channels |
US11154842B2 (en) | 2016-03-09 | 2021-10-26 | Cataler Corporation | Exhaust gas purification underfloor catalyst and catalyst system |
WO2017159628A1 (ja) * | 2016-03-18 | 2017-09-21 | 株式会社キャタラー | 排ガス浄化用触媒 |
JP6372513B2 (ja) * | 2016-04-13 | 2018-08-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 触媒コンバーター |
DE102016207484A1 (de) * | 2016-05-02 | 2017-11-02 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Dieseloxidationskatalysator |
WO2017204008A1 (ja) * | 2016-05-24 | 2017-11-30 | 株式会社キャタラー | 排ガス浄化用触媒 |
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US10010873B2 (en) | 2018-07-03 |
CN104981288A (zh) | 2015-10-14 |
CN104981288B (zh) | 2017-07-21 |
JP2014151306A (ja) | 2014-08-25 |
WO2014125734A1 (ja) | 2014-08-21 |
DE112013006665T5 (de) | 2015-11-26 |
US20150375206A1 (en) | 2015-12-31 |
BR112015019210B1 (pt) | 2021-05-11 |
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