JP5497067B2 - 吸収性物品用の再利用可能な外側カバー - Google Patents
吸収性物品用の再利用可能な外側カバー Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/505—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators with separable parts, e.g. combination of disposable and reusable parts
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
- A61F13/49—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers, nappies
- A61F13/49003—Reusable, washable fabric diapers
- A61F13/49004—Reusable, washable fabric diapers with fastening means
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
- A61F13/49—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers, nappies
- A61F13/49007—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers
- A61F13/49009—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means
- A61F13/49014—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means the elastic means is located at the side panels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/56—Supporting or fastening means
- A61F13/5622—Supporting or fastening means specially adapted for diapers or the like
- A61F13/565—Supporting or fastening means specially adapted for diapers or the like pants type diaper
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
Description
代表的な吸収性物品用の再利用可能な外側カバーを図1に示す。再利用可能なカバー10は、着用者に面する側16が上を向いた状態で示されている。再利用可能なカバー10は、長手方向中心線52及び横方向中心線54を有する。再利用可能なカバー10は、前部22、股部20、及び後部18を有する。再利用可能なカバー10が通常の用途に意図されるように着用者にフィットしたとき、前部22は着用者の正面又は腹に概して対応し、股部20は着用者の脚の間の区域に概して対応し、後部18は着用者の、ほぼ臀部レベル以上の背中に概して対応する。再利用可能なカバー10は後サイドパネル12を有し、前サイドパネル14もまた有することができる。図示されているように、後サイドパネル12は、前サイドパネル14よりいくらか大きいが、いくつかの実施形態では、前サイドパネル14は後サイドパネル12と同じサイズでもよく、それより大きくてもよい。いくつかの実施形態では、再利用可能なカバー10は前サイドパネル14のみを有し、後サイドパネル12を有さない。前サイドパネル14及び/又は後サイドパネル12は、存在する場合、再利用可能な外側カバー10の本体と一体化されてもよく、再利用可能な外側カバー10の本体と接合される別個の部分であってもよい。いくつかの実施形態では、前サイドパネル14及び/又は後サイドパネル12は、再利用可能な外側カバー10の別個の部分ではなく、少なくとも1つの腰部の横方向遠位区域の少なくとも一部から形成されることができる。本開示は、前締結式の着用可能な吸収性物品を参照するが、本開示はまた、着用可能な吸収性物品が後締結式又は側部締結式である着用可能な吸収性物品の代替実施形態も企図する。
吸収性物品の使用に伴う悪い皮膚の状態の周知の主要因は、吸収性物品と着用者の皮膚との間の高い局所的湿度によって引き起こされる皮膚の水分過剰である。水分過剰になった皮膚は、紅斑(赤らむこと)、おむつ皮膚炎を呈する場合があり、摩擦に対する抵抗力が弱い場合がある(すなわち、引張強度の低下による)。外側カバーは、尿及び/又は汗からの水蒸気が物品の内部から十分に出ることを可能にし皮膚の水和をより低いレベルに維持するために最低限の通気性、すなわち下記に説明するMocon試験によって測定される水蒸気透過率(WVTR)を有することができる。外側カバーは、24時間当たり少なくとも約1200g/m2のWVTR、又は24時間当たり少なくとも約3000g/m2のWVTRを有することができる。より高いWVTRは、温度及び/又は湿度に関する周囲条件がより高いとき、着用者がより活動的である(例えば、より多く発汗している)とき、及び/又はおむつが尿又は他の液体排泄物のより高い負荷を有するとき(例えば、夜間を通した使用中又はユーザーが「よく濡らす性質の人」であるとき)に有用である場合がある。したがって、24時間当たり少なくとも約1200g/m2のWVTRは、通常の使用で有用な外側カバーを示すことができ、24時間当たり少なくとも約3000g/m2のWVTRは、より厳しい条件下で有用な外側カバーを示すことができる。場合によっては、高すぎる通気性は、物品の衣類に面する表面又は衣類の結露のようなマイナスの影響を有する場合がある。外側カバーは、この現象を防ぐのを助けるために、24時間当たり少なくとも約15,000g/m2未満のWVTR、又は更には24時間当たり10,000g/m2のWVTRを有することができる。より低い最大WVTRは、比較的高い周囲温度にあるのと比べて逃げる水蒸気がより多くの結露を生成する、より低い周囲温度のような厳しい条件下で有用な外側カバーを示す。
介護者又は着用者が着用者の胴体下部周囲で物品の後側と前側をともにして締結することが要求されるおむつのような着用可能な物品に関しては、物品の後腰部は、物品を着用者に適用する間に、物品の後部のサイドパネルすなわち耳部に介護者が適用するであろう代表的な張力の下で少なくとも最低限の量は伸張することができる。この誘発伸張は、より大きい着用者及びより小さい着用者を許容することによって、より広い潜在フィット範囲を提供する。この伸張はまた、締結システムを係合する前に確実、快適、かつ美的に好ましいやり方で介護者がより容易に物品の後部分と前部分とを整列することを可能にすることによって、着用者へのより容易な適用を提供することができる。着用者への適用の前にパンツのような構成に予め形成される物品は、適用中に物品に付加される力の下で、物品が着用者の大腿及び臀部にかけて引き上げられることを可能にするために、少なくとも最低レベルの伸張を提供することができる。いくつかの実施形態では、物品の後腰部は、下記に説明する全製品後伸張試験で5Nの付加力の下で、少なくとも約15%、又は少なくとも約20%の相対的伸張百分率(すなわち、元の長さを超す、長さにおける変化)を有することができる。全製品後伸張率がより小さい場合に比べ、全製品後伸張率がより大きいことは、より広範な使用者のサイズにフィットする外側カバーを可能にすることができるが、より小さい全製品後伸張率は、より狭い範囲の使用者サイズのためのよりぴったり一致する、より適合したフィットを可能にすることができる。パンツ型物品は、着用者の腰部及び臀部にかけて物品を引き上げることを可能にするために、5N又は10Nでの、より大きい後腰部伸張を要求する場合がある。例えば、パンツ型物品は、5Nで少なくとも約40%、及び10Nで少なくとも約70%の全製品後伸張率を有することができる。
人によっては、立位から座位にしゃがむプロセスの間に臀部が幅約50%拡張する。着用者のあらゆる体位でのぴったり一致するフィットを提供するために、外側カバーは10N以下又は5N以下の付加力の下で横方向に50%伸張することができる。外側カバーが2つ以上の材料層を備える場合、それらの多重層がともに結合されるか否かに関わらず、その複合体全体の伸張によって、ぴったり一致するフィットの提供を助けることができる。例えば、物品は、層を別々に試験した場合に、上記伸張基準を1つの層は満たし、もう1つの層は満たさない、2層を有する外側カバーを有することができる。物品の使用中は両方の層が存在するので、着用者は組み合わされた外側カバーとしての伸張性能を体験することになる。したがって、外側カバー伸張試験は、複合体について行わなくてはならない。いくつかの実施形態では、外側カバーは物品の後部だけにこれらの特性を有してもよい。
使用中、吸収性物品は重力及び/又は着用者の動きによって誘発される下方向に向けられる様々な力を経験する。これらの力は、尿及び/又は他の排泄物の形態において物品に追加される質量によって、着用者が特定の物品を着用している時間が増すにつれて概して増す。これらの力に対抗し、十分に持続的なフィットを維持するために、物品は全製品後伸張試験の25%伸張で少なくとも約1.0Nの「除荷」力を保持しなくてはならない。いくつかの実施形態では、物品は全製品後伸張試験の25%伸張で少なくとも約1.5N、より好ましくは少なくとも約2.0Nの「除荷」力を保持しなくてはならない。除荷力は、尿、糞便、経血等によって、及びユーザーの動きの間に、吸収性物品が「負荷を与えられた」ときに、吸収性物品がどれだけ良くフィットするかを予測する。フィット又は性能について望まれない変化を伴わずに製品が耐え得る負荷は、除荷力が増すにつれて増す。
・24時間当たり1200g/m2を超すWVTR及び5Nで15%を超す全製品後伸張率
・24時間当たり1200g/m2を超すWVTR及び5Nで25mm(50mm)を超す全製品後伸張
・24時間当たり1200g/m2を超すWVTR及び5Nで15%を超す全製品後伸張率及び25%伸張で1.0Nを超す全製品後除荷
・5Nの付加力の下で少なくとも15%の全製品後伸張率及び25%伸張で1.0Nを超す全製品後除荷
・5Nで15%、又は更には20%の全製品後伸張率及び50%伸張で5N未満のOC複合体複合体伸張力
全ての試験は、23°±2℃、相対湿度50±2%で行われた。この環境で試験前2時間、全ての試料を平衡化した。
全製品後伸張力は、全層、構成要素、副構成要素等を含む完全な外側カバーで測定する。全製品後伸張力は、測定した力がセルの限界の10%〜90%以内となるロードセルを使用して、コンピュータインタフェースを有する一定速度の引張試験機(好適な計器は、ミネソタ州Eden Prairie所在のMTS Systems Corp.から入手可能な、Testworks 4.0 Softwareを使用したMTS Allianceである)で測定する。可動式(上位)空気圧式つかみ具及び固定式(下位)空気圧式つかみ具の双方に、2.54cm×2.54cm(1インチ×1インチ)の菱形面のグリップを装備する。
85%伸張での脚の力は、測定した力がセルの限界の10%〜90%以内となるロードセルを使用して(典型的には10N)、コンピュータインタフェースを有する一定速度の引張試験機(好適な計器は、ミネソタ州Eden Prairie所在のMTS Systems Corp.から入手可能な、Testworks 4.0 Softwareを使用したMTS Allianceである)で測定する。可動式(上位)空気圧式つかみ具及び固定式(下位)空気圧式つかみ具の双方に、2.54cm×2.54cm(1インチ×1インチ)のゴム面のグリップを装備する。標点距離を100mmに設定し、データ収集率を100Hzに設定する。
95%伸張(mm)=(カフの長さ×0.95)−標点距離
85%伸張(mm)=(カフの長さ×0.85)−標点距離
外側カバー複合体伸張力は、測定した力がセルの限界の10%〜90%以内となるロードセルを使用して、コンピュータインタフェースを有する一定速度の引張試験機(好適な計器は、ミネソタ州Eden Prairie所在のMTS Systems Corp.から入手可能な、Testworks 4.0 Softwareを使用したMTS Allianceである)で測定する。可動式(上位)空気圧つかみ具及び固定式(下位)空気圧つかみ具の双方に、試験片の幅よりも広いゴム面のグリップを装備する。標点距離は25.4mm、データ収集速度は100Hzとする。
水蒸気透過度(WVTR)は、EDANA/INDA Worldwide Strategic Partners Method WSP 70.4(08)に従って、Permatran−Wのモデル100K(ミネソタ州Minnesota所在のMOCON)を使用して測定する。この試験方法を、37.8℃の試験装置温度、120 SCCMの窒素流速、及び2周期の標準モードで、試験時間を5分間として、WSP規格試験に従って行った。それぞれのセルを個別に60%±1.5%の相対湿度(RH)に調整した。設備が適正に実行されていることを確認するために、試料の試験をする前に基準参照フィルム(MOCONのS/N 1008WK089)を実行しなくてはならない。基準参照フィルムの結果は、MOCONによって報告されている値の±10%の範囲内でなくてはならない。
本発明の材料は、引張試験で引っ張られたとき、2つの明確な領域を示す。第1の領域においては、ラミネートの弾性部分が力に主に寄与し、第2の領域においては、ラミネートの非弾性部分からの力の寄与が有意になり始める。力対ひずみ曲線では、第2の領域は第1の領域に比べて有意に高い勾配を有する。勾配におけるこの変化が生じるひずみ百分率は、力の壁と呼ばれる。
1.長さ次元が伸縮方向である長さ7.62cm、幅1.5cmの試料を選択する。腰部バンド又は脚バンドの試料を製品から取る場合は、試料の幅は腰部バンド又は脚バンドの全幅でなくてはならない。場合によっては、7.62cmの長さの試料を得ることが不可能であれば、より小さい試料を使用してもよいが、その場合も25mmの標点距離を使用しなくてはならない。
工程1〜5は、力の壁試験での工程と同じである。
%設定=(lext−lini)/(lmax−lini)*100%
洗濯周期で、AATCC(American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists)試験方法124−2001に従い、下記の選択したパラメータ及び偏差を用いて、外側カバーのような吸収性物品構成要素を機械洗濯及び機械乾燥する。
Claims (15)
- 前部(22)と、後部(18)と、長手方向に前記前部(22)及び前記後部(18)の間に設けられる股部(20)と、衣類に面する表面(28)の反対側に設けられる着用者に面する表面(16)と、を有し、吸収性挿入物に取り付けられるように構成された再利用可能な外側カバー(10)であって、
前記外側カバー(10)の前記着用者に面する表面(16)を画定する内層(24)及び前記外側カバー(10)の前記衣類に面する表面(28)を画定する外層(26)と、
第1の長手方向に延びる縁(30)及び前記第1の長手方向に延びる縁(30)から横方向に離間した第2の長手方向に延びる縁(30)と、
前記第1の長手方向に延びる縁(30)と隣接する第1の弾性脚バンド(32)と、
前記第2の長手方向に延びる縁(30)と隣接する第2の弾性脚バンド(32)と、
第1の横方向に延びる末端縁(34)及び前記第1の横方向に延びる末端縁(34)から長手方向に離間した第2の横方向に延びる末端縁(34)と、
前記第1の横方向の末端縁(34)と隣接する第1の弾性腰部バンド(36)と、
前記第2の横方向の末端縁(34)と隣接する第2の弾性腰部バンド(36)と、
前記第1の長手方向に延びる側縁(30)から横方向に外方に延びた遠位端部を有する第1のサイドパネル(12)と、
前記第2の長手方向に延びる側縁(30)から横方向に外方に延びた遠位端部を有する第2のサイドパネル(12)と、
前記第1のサイドパネルの一部分および前記第2のサイドパネルの一部分が接合されるように構成された前記前部内のランディングゾーンと、
外側カバー(10)の前記後部(18)に対応した横方向に延びる末端縁(34)に近位の前記第1のサイドパネル(12)と前記第2のサイドパネル(12)との間の2つ以上の付着点(40)で前記内層(24)及び前記外層(26)の少なくとも1つに付着される定着バンド(38)であって、前記定着バンド(38)が前記付着点(40)の間で前記内層(24)及び前記外層(26)に対して自由に動く、定着バンド(38)と、を備え、
前記外側カバー(10)が、24時間当たり少なくとも1200g/m2のWVTR及び5Nの付加力の下で少なくとも15%の全製品後伸張率を有する、外側カバー(10)。 - 前記内層(24)及び前記外層(26)が有孔である、請求項1に記載の外側カバー(10)。
- 前記内層(24)が前記外層(26)より高い弾性率を有する、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の外側カバー(10)。
- 前記内層(24)が疎水性である、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の外側カバー(10)。
- 前記内層(24)及び前記外層(26)が疎水性であり、前記内層(24)は前記外層(26)よりも疎水性である、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の外側カバー(10)。
- 前記外層(26)が織布である、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の外側カバー(10)。
- 前記外層(26)が、木綿、ウール、竹、麻、絹、レーヨン、ポリエステル、ナイロン、リクラ、スパンデックス、水滴より小さいが水蒸気分子より大きい微細な孔を有する通気性防水材、マイクロカプセル化された相変化高分子材料を含む布地、繊維ベースの水分ウィッキングシステム、及び、これらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される材料で作製される、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の外側カバー(10)。
- 前記外層(26)が、0.014〜0.023グラム/cm2(0.09〜0.15グラム/in2)の坪量を有する、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の外側カバー(10)。
- 24時間当たり少なくとも3000g/m2のWVTRを有する、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の外側カバー(10)。
- 24時間当たり15,000g/m2未満のWVTRを有する、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の外側カバー(10)。
- 24時間当たり10,000g/m2未満のWVTRを有する、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の外側カバー(10)。
- 全製品後伸張試験での25%伸張で少なくとも1.0Nの除荷力を有する、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の外側カバー(10)。
- 25%伸張で10N未満の外側カバー伸張力を有する、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の外側カバー(10)。
- 50%伸張で10N未満の外側カバー伸張力を有する、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の外側カバー(10)。
- 50%伸張で5N未満の外側カバー伸張力を有する、請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載の外側カバー(10)。
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US14488309P | 2009-01-15 | 2009-01-15 | |
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JP5497067B2 true JP5497067B2 (ja) | 2014-05-21 |
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EP (1) | EP2391324A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5497067B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102281847B (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI1006887A2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2749913A1 (ja) |
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-
2010
- 2010-01-14 JP JP2011544697A patent/JP5497067B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-01-14 US US12/687,412 patent/US8669409B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-01-14 MX MX2011007569A patent/MX2011007569A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-01-14 BR BRPI1006887A patent/BRPI1006887A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-01-14 WO PCT/US2010/021037 patent/WO2010083305A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-01-14 CA CA2749913A patent/CA2749913A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-01-14 EP EP10732088.9A patent/EP2391324A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-01-14 CN CN201080004604.3A patent/CN102281847B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN102281847B (zh) | 2014-10-22 |
CA2749913A1 (en) | 2010-07-22 |
BRPI1006887A2 (pt) | 2016-01-26 |
WO2010083305A1 (en) | 2010-07-22 |
JP2012514505A (ja) | 2012-06-28 |
EP2391324A4 (en) | 2014-12-17 |
US20100179495A1 (en) | 2010-07-15 |
CN102281847A (zh) | 2011-12-14 |
MX2011007569A (es) | 2011-08-04 |
EP2391324A1 (en) | 2011-12-07 |
US8669409B2 (en) | 2014-03-11 |
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