JP4380772B2 - 電源装置およびそれを備えた車両、電源装置の制御方法、ならびにその制御方法をコンピュータに実行させるためのプログラムを記録したコンピュータ読取可能な記録媒体 - Google Patents
電源装置およびそれを備えた車両、電源装置の制御方法、ならびにその制御方法をコンピュータに実行させるためのプログラムを記録したコンピュータ読取可能な記録媒体 Download PDFInfo
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
- B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
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- B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
- B60W20/13—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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- B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1584—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P5/00—Arrangements specially adapted for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of two or more electric motors
- H02P5/74—Arrangements specially adapted for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of two or more electric motors controlling two or more AC dynamo-electric motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/02—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
- B60W2510/24—Energy storage means
- B60W2510/242—Energy storage means for electrical energy
- B60W2510/244—Charge state
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Description
図1は、この発明の実施の形態1による電源装置を搭載した車両の全体ブロック図である。図1を参照して、この車両100は、電源装置1と、駆動力発生部3とを備える。駆動力発生部3は、インバータ30−1,30−2と、モータジェネレータ34−1,34−2と、動力伝達機構36と、駆動軸38と、駆動ECU(Electronic Control Unit)32とを含む。
上記の実施の形態1では、コンバータ8−1,8−2の各々の通電量が同時に零近傍とならないように、駆動力発生部3の要求パワーPRが零近傍のときにコンバータ8−2の電力指令値PR2を非零とした。このとき、駆動力発生部3の要求パワーは零近傍なので、コンバータ8−1,8−2によって蓄電部6−1,6−2間で電力が授受されることになるが、上記の実施の形態1では、その電流方向までは特に考慮していない。この変形例では、蓄電部6−1,6−2の各々のSOCに基づいて、蓄電部6−1,6−2間で授受される電力の方向が制御される。
実施の形態1では、駆動力発生部3の要求パワーPRが零近傍のとき、電流制御(電力制御)されるコンバータ8−2に積極的に電流(電力)を流すことによって、コンバータ8−1,8−2の各々の通電量が同時に零近傍となることを防止した。この実施の形態2では、要求パワーPRが零に近づくと、コンバータ8−1,8−2の通電量(蓄電部6−1,6−2の充放電レート)を互いに異ならせることによって、コンバータ8−1,8−2の各々の通電量が同時に零近傍となることを防止する。
この変形例では、蓄電部6−1,6−2の各々のSOCに基づいてコンバータ8−2の電力指令値PR2が変更される。具体的には、蓄電部6−2のSOCの方が蓄電部6−1のSOCよりも高い場合、コンバータ8−2の通電パワーPb2(放電時:正、充電時:負)がコンバータ8−1の通電パワーPb1よりも大きくなるようにコンバータ8−2の電力指令値PR2が変更される。一方、蓄電部6−2のSOCの方が蓄電部6−1のSOCよりも低い場合、コンバータ8−2の通電パワーPb2がコンバータ8−1の通電パワーPb1よりも小さくなるようにコンバータ8−2の電力指令値PR2が変更される。
なお、上記の各実施の形態において、コンバータECU2における制御は、実際には、CPU(Central Processing Unit)によって行なわれ、CPUは、図5に示した制御構造および図6,8,10,11に示したフローチャートの各ステップを備えるプログラムをROM(Read Only Memory)から読出し、その読出したプログラムを実行して、図5に示した制御構造および図6,8,10,11に示したフローチャートに従って処理を実行する。したがって、ROMは、図5に示した制御構造および図6,8,10,11に示したフローチャートの各ステップを備えるプログラムを記録したコンピュータ(CPU)読取可能な記録媒体に相当する。
Claims (8)
- 電力線を介して負荷装置と電力を授受する電源装置であって、
充放電可能な複数の蓄電部と、
前記複数の蓄電部に対応して設けられ、各々が対応の蓄電部と前記電力線との間で双方向に電圧変換可能な直流チョッパ回路から成る複数の電圧変換部と、
前記電力線の電圧が目標電圧となるように前記複数の電圧変換部の一つを制御し、残余の電圧変換部の通電量が目標値となるように前記残余の電圧変換部を制御する制御部と、
前記目標電圧を生成し、かつ、前記負荷装置の要求パワーに基づいて前記通電量の目標値を生成する指令生成部とを備え、
前記指令生成部は、前記要求パワーが基準値以下のときに限り、前記残余の電圧変換部の通電量の目標値を非零の所定値に設定する、電源装置。 - 前記複数の蓄電部の各々の充電状態を推定する充電状態推定部をさらに備え、
前記指令生成部は、前記要求パワーが前記基準値以下のとき、前記充電状態を示す状態量が相対的に多い蓄電部から前記状態量が相対的に少ない蓄電部へ電力が流れるように前記通電量の目標値を設定する、請求項1に記載の電源装置。 - 前記指令生成部は、前記要求パワーが前記基準値以下のとき、前記複数の電圧変換部の各々の通電量が互いに異なるように前記通電量の目標値を設定する、請求項1に記載の電源装置。
- 請求項1から請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の電源装置と、
前記電源装置から電力の供給を受ける駆動装置と、
前記駆動装置によって駆動される電動機と、
前記電動機によって駆動される車輪とを備える車両。 - 電力線を介して負荷装置と電力を授受する電源装置の制御方法であって、
前記電源装置は、
充放電可能な複数の蓄電部と、
前記複数の蓄電部に対応して設けられ、各々が対応の蓄電部と前記電力線との間で双方向に電圧変換可能な直流チョッパ回路から成る複数の電圧変換部とを備え、
前記電力線の電圧が目標電圧となるように前記複数の電圧変換部の一つが制御され、残余の電圧変換部の通電量が目標値となるように前記残余の電圧変換部が制御され、
前記制御方法は、
前記目標電圧を生成し、かつ、前記負荷装置の要求パワーに基づいて前記通電量の目標値を生成するステップと、
前記要求パワーが基準値以下か否かを判定するステップと、
前記要求パワーが前記基準値以下と判定されたときに限り、前記残余の電圧変換部の通電量の目標値を非零の所定値に設定するステップとを含む、電源装置の制御方法。 - 前記複数の蓄電部の各々の充電状態を推定するステップをさらに含み、
前記通電量の目標値を設定するステップにおいて、前記充電状態を示す状態量が相対的に多い蓄電部から前記状態量が相対的に少ない蓄電部へ電力が流れるように前記通電量の目標値が設定される、請求項5に記載の電源装置の制御方法。 - 前記通電量の目標値を設定するステップにおいて、前記複数の電圧変換部の各々の通電量が互いに異なるように前記通電量の目標値が設定される、請求項5に記載の電源装置の制御方法。
- 請求項5から請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の電源装置の制御方法をコンピュータに実行させるためのプログラムを記録したコンピュータ読取可能な記録媒体。
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