JP4356708B2 - 電源システムおよびそれを備える車両 - Google Patents
電源システムおよびそれを備える車両 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
- B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
- B60W20/13—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
- B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
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- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/24—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means
- B60W10/26—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/02—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/20—AC to AC converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
- B60W2510/24—Energy storage means
- B60W2510/242—Energy storage means for electrical energy
- B60W2510/244—Charge state
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1584—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
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Description
図3は、片側停止モードにおいて駆動力発生部3との間で授受される電力を示す概略図である。
図3(b)は、コンバータCONV2が選択されて電力変換動作を行なう場合を示す。
図4は、本発明の実施の形態に従う制御部2における制御構造を示すブロック図である。
図5は、ヒステリシス特性部52のより詳細な動作を説明するための図である。
図6(b)は、従来技術に従う選択指令の時間的変化を示す。
上述の図6(a)に示すような出力電圧Vb1と出力電圧Vb2との間の電圧差の時間的変化は、蓄電部BAT1,BAT2における出力電圧Vb1,Vb2の変動度合いに大きく影響される。すなわち、出力電圧Vb1,Vb2の変動度合いが大きければ、出力電圧Vb1と出力電圧Vb2との間の電圧差も大きく変動することになる。そのため、出力電圧Vb1,Vb2の変動度合いが大きければ、切換しきい値電圧Vth1,Vth2も大きくして、電力変換動作を実行するコンバータの切換頻度を抑制することが望ましい。
図7は、蓄電部BATの出力電圧Vbの変動度合いと、蓄電部温度Tbおよび出力電流Ibとの関連を説明するための図である。
図9は、蓄電部BATの出力電圧Vbの変動度合いと、蓄電部BATの内部抵抗および蓄電部BATの劣化度合いとの関連を説明するための図である。
図11は、蓄電部BATの出力電圧Vbの変動度合いと、蓄電部BATの残存容量SOCおよび蓄電部BATの劣化度合いとの関連を説明するための図である。
本発明は、上述した2つの蓄電部を有する電源システムに加えて、3個以上の蓄電部を有する電源システムについても適用できる。
Claims (13)
- 各々が充放電可能に構成された複数の蓄電部を有する電源システムであって、
負荷装置と前記電源システムとの間で電力を授受可能に構成された電力線と、
前記複数の蓄電部と前記電力線との間にそれぞれ設けられ、各々が対応の前記蓄電部と前記電力線との間で電圧変換動作を行なう複数の電圧変換部と、
前記負荷装置からの電力要求に応じて、前記複数の電圧変換部に含まれる第1および第2の電圧変換部のうち、一方の電圧変換部の電圧変換動作を実行させるとともに、他方の電圧変換部の電圧変換動作を停止させる動作モードを選択する動作モード選択手段と、
前記動作モードの選択時に、各々に対応する前記蓄電部の出力電圧に基づいて、電圧変換動作を実行させる前記電圧変換部を選択する電圧変換部選択手段とを備え、
前記電圧変換部選択手段は、電圧変換動作を実行中の前記電圧変換部に対応する前記蓄電部の出力電圧が、電圧変換動作を停止中の前記電圧変換部に対応する前記蓄電部の出力電圧よりも、所定のしきい値電圧を超えて低下したときに、電圧変換動作を実行させる前記電圧変換部を切換える、電源システム。 - 前記電圧変換部選択手段は、前記動作モードにおける初期値として、各々に対応する前記蓄電部の出力電圧が大きい方の前記電圧変換部を選択する、請求項1に記載の電源システム。
- 前記切換しきい値電圧は、前記蓄電部の出力電圧の変動度合いに関連する状態値に応じて決定される、請求項1または2に記載の電源システム。
- 前記切換しきい値電圧は、前記第1および第2の電圧変換部の各々に対応する前記蓄電部の少なくとも一方の温度に応じて変更される、請求項3に記載の電源システム。
- 前記切換しきい値電圧は、電圧変換動作を実行中の電圧変換部に対応する前記蓄電部の出力電流に応じて変更される、請求項3または4に記載の電源システム。
- 前記切換しきい値電圧は、前記第1および第2の電圧変換部の各々に対応する前記蓄電部の少なくとも一方の内部抵抗に応じて変更される、請求項3〜5のいずれか1項に記載の電源システム。
- 前記切換しきい値電圧は、前記第1および第2の電圧変換部の各々に対応する前記蓄電部の少なくとも一方の劣化度合いに応じて変更される、請求項3〜6のいずれか1項に記載の電源システム。
- 前記切換しきい値電圧は、前記第1および第2の電圧変換部の各々に対応する前記蓄電部の少なくとも一方の残存容量に応じて変更される、請求項3〜7のいずれか1項に記載の電源システム。
- 前記切換しきい値電圧は、前記第1の電圧変換部から前記第2の電圧変換部への切換判定に用いられる第1の切換しきい値電圧と、前記第1の電圧変換部から前記第2の電圧変換部への切換判定に用いられる第2の切換しきい値電圧とを含む、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の電源システム。
- 各々が充放電可能に構成された複数の蓄電部を有する電源システムと、
前記電源システムから供給される電力を受けて駆動力を発生する駆動力発生部とを備える車両であって、
前記電源システムは、
前記駆動力発生部と前記電源システムとの間で電力を授受可能に構成された電力線と、
前記複数の蓄電部と前記電力線との間にそれぞれ設けられ、各々が対応の前記蓄電部と前記電力線との間で電圧変換動作を行なう複数の電圧変換部と、
前記負荷装置からの電力要求に応じて、前記複数の電圧変換部に含まれる第1および第2の電圧変換部のうち、一方の電圧変換部の電圧変換動作を実行させるとともに、他方の電圧変換部の電圧変換動作を停止させる動作モードを選択する動作モード選択手段と、
前記動作モードの選択時に、各々に対応する前記蓄電部の出力電圧に基づいて、電圧変換動作を実行させる前記電圧変換部を選択する電圧変換部選択手段とを備え、
前記電圧変換部選択手段は、電圧変換動作を実行中の前記電圧変換部に対応する前記蓄電部の出力電圧が、電圧変換動作を停止中の前記電圧変換部に対応する前記蓄電部の出力電圧よりも、所定のしきい値電圧を超えて低下したときに、電圧変換動作を実行させる前記電圧変換部を切換える、車両。 - 前記電圧変換部選択手段は、前記動作モードにおける初期値として、各々に対応する前記蓄電部の出力電圧が大きい方の前記電圧変換部を選択する、請求項10に記載の車両。
- 前記切換しきい値電圧は、前記蓄電部の出力電圧の変動度合いに関連する状態値に応じて決定される、請求項10または11に記載の車両。
- 前記切換しきい値電圧は、前記第1の電圧変換部から前記第2の電圧変換部への切換判定に用いられる第1の切換しきい値電圧と、前記第1の電圧変換部から前記第2の電圧変換部への切換判定に用いられる第2の切換しきい値電圧とを含む、請求項10〜12のいずれか1項に記載の車両。
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JP2006174113A JP4356708B2 (ja) | 2006-06-23 | 2006-06-23 | 電源システムおよびそれを備える車両 |
US12/227,850 US8267207B2 (en) | 2006-06-23 | 2007-06-07 | Power supply system and vehicle including the same |
CN2007800235289A CN101479918B (zh) | 2006-06-23 | 2007-06-07 | 电源系统及具备该电源系统的车辆 |
RU2009102051A RU2391764C1 (ru) | 2006-06-23 | 2007-06-07 | Система электропитания и транспортное средство, содержащее такую систему |
PCT/JP2007/061962 WO2007148592A1 (ja) | 2006-06-23 | 2007-06-07 | 電源システムおよびそれを備える車両 |
EP07745219.1A EP2034596B1 (en) | 2006-06-23 | 2007-06-07 | Power supply system and vehicle having the same |
CA2654468A CA2654468C (en) | 2006-06-23 | 2007-06-07 | Power supply system and vehicle including the same |
BRPI0713525-4A BRPI0713525A2 (pt) | 2006-06-23 | 2007-06-07 | sistema de abastecimento de energia e veìculo que inclui o mesmo |
KR1020097001174A KR101006213B1 (ko) | 2006-06-23 | 2007-06-07 | 전원시스템 및 이를 구비한 차량 |
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CA2654468A1 (en) | 2007-12-27 |
US8267207B2 (en) | 2012-09-18 |
EP2034596A1 (en) | 2009-03-11 |
RU2391764C1 (ru) | 2010-06-10 |
EP2034596B1 (en) | 2019-04-03 |
KR101006213B1 (ko) | 2011-01-07 |
WO2007148592A1 (ja) | 2007-12-27 |
CN101479918B (zh) | 2011-12-28 |
CA2654468C (en) | 2014-01-07 |
KR20090023716A (ko) | 2009-03-05 |
JP2008005657A (ja) | 2008-01-10 |
BRPI0713525A2 (pt) | 2012-02-14 |
EP2034596A4 (en) | 2017-04-26 |
CN101479918A (zh) | 2009-07-08 |
US20090145675A1 (en) | 2009-06-11 |
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