JP4351539B2 - 遠心力及び/又は毛管力によって流体を正確に移動し、操作する方法及び装置 - Google Patents
遠心力及び/又は毛管力によって流体を正確に移動し、操作する方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は一般に、種々の生物学的及び化学的組成物の分析に適用されるようなマイクロフルイディクスの分野に関する。より具体的には、本発明は、印加される遠心力及び装置中の通路の表面特性から生じる毛管力の両方を使用して分析を実施する方法及び装置を提供する。
本発明は一般に、マイクロ流体技術を利用して小さな生物学的試料の分析を改良されたやり方で提供する分析装置として特徴づけることができる。本発明の装置はまた、これまで従来の分析試験片によっては不可能であった分析を可能にする。
マイクロチャネル中の流れ
本発明を利用する装置は通常、当該分野における以前の研究者たちによって提案されてきたよりも小さいチャネルを使用する。特に、本発明で使用されるチャネルは、幅が約10〜500μm、好ましくは約20〜100μmの範囲であるが、他の人達には一桁大きなチャネルが一般に使用されてきた。より小さなチャネルは分析される試料中の成分を効果的にろ別することができるため、このようなチャネルの最小寸法は約5μmであると考えられる。一般に、チャネルの深さは幅よりも小さい。本発明で好ましい範囲のチャネルが、流れを開始させるときを除いて遠心力を使用することなく、毛管力によって液体試料を動かすことを可能にすることがわかった。たとえば、試料流体に対して疎水性になるように処理されている毛管壁によって動きを止めることが可能である。抵抗する毛管力には遠心力の適用によって打ち勝つことができ、この遠心力は、液流が確立されると除くことができる。あるいはまた、毛管壁が試料流体に対して親水性になるように処理されているならば、流体は、遠心力又は他の力を使用しなくとも、毛管力によって流れる。親水性ストッパがこのようなチャネルに含まれるならば、親水性ストッパの効果に打ち勝つための力の適用によって流れが確立される。その結果、液体を計量し、実施される分析に関する要求に応じて、液体を装置の一つの領域から別の領域に動かすことができる。
本発明の分析装置は「チップ」と呼ぶこともできる。分析装置は一般に小さく平坦であり、一般に約1〜2インチ四方(25〜50mm四方)である。試料の量は少なくなる。たとえば、約0.3〜1.5μLしか含まず、したがって、試料流体のための溜めは、試料を容易に見ることができ、適切な器具によって計測することができるよう、比較的幅広く浅くなる。相互接続する毛管通路は、幅が10〜500μm、好ましくは20〜100μmの範囲であり、その形状は、通路を形成するために使用される方法によって決まる。通路の深さは少なくとも5μmでなければならない。試料の所定量を画定するために毛管のセグメントを使用する場合、毛管は、試薬溜め間の通路よりも大きくすることができる。
まず、以下の組成の水性コーティング溶液及びエタノールコーティング溶液を調製することにより、ヘモグロビン検出用試薬を調製した。
乾燥試薬の再懸濁の実証
調製
フェノールレッド溶液(0.1M PBS塩水、pH7.0中0.1%w/w)5μlを図1のチップ設計の溜めR3に計量分配し、真空オーブン中、40℃で1時間乾燥させた。次に、実験の前に、チップを接着性のふたで覆った。MAS−1緩衝溶液の試料を溜めR1に配置し、前記と同様に500rpmで遠心処理することによって溜めR3に移した。
・沈降分析
・細胞溶解
・細胞選別(集団差):遠心分離
・固相(たとえばマイクロビーズ)における試料分析対象物の富化(濃縮)を使用して感度を改善することができる。富化されたマイクロビーズは、連続遠心処理によって分離することができる。
・多重化を使用して(たとえば多様な試薬チャンバの並列的及び/又は逐次的計量)多数のチャネルそれぞれが別個の画定された結果を出すことを可能にする。多重化は、入口に流動的に接続された多数の計量毛管ループを含む毛管アレイによって実施することもできるし、各計量毛管ループに接続された計量分配チャネル及び/又は毛管ストッパのアレイによって実施することもできる。
・第二の力、たとえば磁力との組み合わせをチップ設計に使用することができる。試薬の支持体として使用される、又は試料成分、たとえば分析対象物もしくは干渉物質を捕捉するために使用される粒子、たとえば磁気ビーズ。物性、たとえば密度による粒子の分離(分画と同様)
図4jは、尿を分析するために使用することができるチップを示す。溜め6及び8は、分析に使用される試薬を含み、溜め3は、試料流体を受けるために使用され、溜め2は、洗液を受けるために使用される。溜め3は親水性試料ループLに接続され、溜め4は疎水性毛管通路によって溜め2に接続されている。
Claims (12)
- 一定量の液体試料を計量分配し、分析するためのマイクロ流体装置であって、
液体試料を受け、伝送するための試料溜めと、
試料溜めから液体試料の一部を受けるために試料溜めと流体連通し、その中の互いに異なる二点の間に第一の所定の体積を有するセグメントを含む親水性毛管通路と、
親水性毛管通路のセグメントを画定する親水性毛管通路内の二点から雰囲気に繋がる二つの通気孔と、
その中で液体試料が処理される第一試薬溜めと、
親水性毛管通路のセグメントと試薬留めの間を液的に連絡する移動親水性毛管通路と、
親水性毛管通路のセグメントと第一試薬溜めの間の移動親水性毛管通路内に配置され、液体試料の移動を妨げる抵抗を有する親水性毛管ストッパであって、セグメントから親水性毛管ストッパまでの移動親水性毛管通路に沿った長さは第二の所定の体積を画定し、圧力、真空、又は電気浸透を用いた力の印加によって抵抗が打ち負かされるまで液体試料の通過を防ぎ、抵抗が液体試料によって打ち負かされると、二つの通気孔から空気が流入し、第一の所定の体積と第二の所定の体積の和に等しい一定量の液体試料が第一試薬溜めに移動するストッパと、
を含む装置。 - 一定量の液体試料を計量分配し、分析するためのマイクロ流体装置であって、
液体試料を受け、伝送するための試料溜めと、
試料溜めから液体試料の一部を受けるために試料溜めと流体連通し、その中の互いに異なる二点の間に第一の所定の体積を有する親水性毛管通路内のセグメントを含む親水性毛管通路と、
親水性毛管通路のセグメントを画定する二点から雰囲気に繋がる二つの通気孔と、
その中で液体試料が処理される第一試薬溜めと、
親水性毛管通路のセグメントと試薬留めの間を液的に連絡する移動親水性毛管通路と、
親水性毛管通路のセグメントと第一試薬溜めの間の移動親水性毛管通路内に配置され、液体試料の移動を妨げる抵抗を有する疎水性毛管ストッパであって、セグメントから疎水性毛管ストッパまでの移動親水性毛管通路に沿った長さは第二の所定の体積を画定し、圧力、真空、又は電気浸透を用いた力の印加によって抵抗が打ち負かされるまで液体試料の通過を防ぎ、抵抗が液体試料によって打ち負かされると、二つの通気孔から空気が流入し、第一の所定の体積と第二の所定の体積の和に等しい一定量の液体試料が第一試薬溜めに移動するストッパと、
を含む装置。 - 親水性毛管通路を介して第一試薬溜めと液的に連絡している少なくとも一つの第二試薬溜めを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の装置。
- 親水性毛管通路を介して第二試薬溜めの少なくとも一つと液的に連絡している少なくとも一つの第三試薬溜めを含む、請求項3に記載の装置。
- 第一試料溜めは一定量の液体試料に含まれる成分と反応するように適合されている試薬を含む、請求項1乃至4に記載の装置。
- 第一試料溜めは一定量の液体試料に含まれる成分と反応するように適合されている試薬を含み、それによって液体試料中の成分の量を示す応答を生成する、請求項5に記載の装置。
- 第一試料溜めは一定量の液体試料に含まれる成分と反応し、それによって検出される液体試料中の成分の第二成分に対する干渉を減ずるように適合されている試薬を含む、請求項5に記載の装置。
- 第一試料溜めは試料液体を前処理するように適合されている試薬を含む、請求項5乃至7に記載の装置。
- 第一試料溜めは液体試料中の成分と反応し、それによって反応後成分を生成するように適合され試薬を含む、請求項5乃至8に記載の装置。
- 親水性毛管通路を介して第一試薬溜めと液的に連絡している少なくとも一つの第二試薬溜めを含み、反応後成分はさらに第二試料溜め中で反応し、液体試料中の反応後成分の量を示す応答を生成する、請求項5乃至9に記載の装置。
- 親水性毛管通路は壁を含み、その壁は液体試料を実質的に完全に排除するように構成された親水性表面を含む、請求項1乃至10に記載の装置。
- 液体試料の性質を計測するために第一試料溜め中に配置された電極を含む、請求項1乃至11に記載の装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US10/082,415 US7459127B2 (en) | 2002-02-26 | 2002-02-26 | Method and apparatus for precise transfer and manipulation of fluids by centrifugal and/or capillary forces |
PCT/IB2003/000562 WO2003072252A1 (en) | 2002-02-26 | 2003-02-17 | Method and apparatus for precise transfer and manipulation of fluids by centrifugal, and/or capillary forces |
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JP2005518531A JP2005518531A (ja) | 2005-06-23 |
JP2005518531A5 JP2005518531A5 (ja) | 2006-03-30 |
JP4351539B2 true JP4351539B2 (ja) | 2009-10-28 |
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JP2003570987A Expired - Lifetime JP4351539B2 (ja) | 2002-02-26 | 2003-02-17 | 遠心力及び/又は毛管力によって流体を正確に移動し、操作する方法及び装置 |
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CN1638871B (zh) | 2010-12-29 |
HK1080023B (zh) | 2011-10-07 |
US7459127B2 (en) | 2008-12-02 |
WO2003072252A1 (en) | 2003-09-04 |
HK1080023A1 (en) | 2006-04-21 |
KR20040105731A (ko) | 2004-12-16 |
JP2005518531A (ja) | 2005-06-23 |
CN1638871A (zh) | 2005-07-13 |
EP1480750A1 (en) | 2004-12-01 |
AU2003248353A1 (en) | 2003-09-09 |
CA2477413A1 (en) | 2003-09-04 |
US8337775B2 (en) | 2012-12-25 |
WO2003072252A9 (en) | 2004-11-04 |
KR101005799B1 (ko) | 2011-01-05 |
US20030166265A1 (en) | 2003-09-04 |
US20090004059A1 (en) | 2009-01-01 |
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