JP2005521405A - 単球を起源に持つ、脱分化したプログラム可能な幹細胞およびそれらの製造と使用 - Google Patents
単球を起源に持つ、脱分化したプログラム可能な幹細胞およびそれらの製造と使用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、ヒト単球に由来する、成人の脱分化したプログラム可能な幹細胞ならびに、それらの製造および体細胞と体組織を製造するためのその使用に関する。本発明の特に好ましい実施形態に従って、これらの細胞は、自己由来のヒト幹細胞、すなわち、起源細胞から製造された幹細胞および/またはこの幹細胞から製造された体細胞によって処置されるべき患者に由来する単球を起源に持つ、細胞である。
(a)ヒト血液からの単球の単離;
(b)マクロファージコロニー刺激因子(以降では、M−CSFという)を含む細胞培養培地を含む適切な培養容器において、単球を増殖させる工程;および
(c)インターロイキン−3(IL−3)の存在下で、単球を培養する工程;および
(d)細胞を培養培地から分離することにより、脱分化したプログラム可能なヒト幹細胞を得る工程。
a)所望の標的細胞を含むか、またはそれから構成される組織を破壊する;
b)組織細胞(標的細胞)および/またはこれらのフラグメントを得る;
c)標的細胞および/またはこれらのフラグメントを適切な培養培地でインキュベートする;
d)インキュベーションの間およびインキュベーションの後で、培養培地の上清を収集して、標的細胞条件付き培地とする;ならびに
e)脱分化した幹細胞の所望の標的細胞または標的組織への再プログラム/分化のために、幹細胞を標的細胞条件付き培地の存在下で、増殖させる。
本発明に従うプロセスの出発物質は、ヒト血液由来の単球である。これらは、好ましくは自己単球(すなわち、本発明に従う幹細胞またはそれから産生される標的細胞により処置されるべき患者の血液に起源する単球)である。
1.ペニシリン/ストレプトマイシン溶液:
1mlの生理学的塩化ナトリウム溶液(NaCl 0.9%)あたり、10,000単位のペニシリン(ペニシリンGのナトリウム塩として)および1000μgのストレプトマイシン(ストレプトマイシンサルフェートとして)。
2.トリプシン−EDTA
0.5gのトリプシンおよび0.2gのEDTA(4 Na)/l。
3.インスリン
ヒト、組換え体、E.coli中で産生、約28単位/mg。
4.L−グルタミン含有RPMI 1640(1×液体(11875))
RPMI(Rosewell Park Memorial Institute)培地1640は、富化された処方物であり、哺乳動物細胞において、広範に使用され得る。
リンパ球分離培地(ショ糖/エピクロロヒドリン−共重合体 Mg 400,000;密度1.077、ジアトリゾエートナトリウムで調製)。
PBS 1.5ml中ビタミンA酸(C20H28O2)300μl(1mM相当)。ニューロンおよびグリア細胞のプログラミングのための培地としては、10ml培地に150μl(10−6M相当)を使用する。
ダルベッコ改変イーグル培地(高グルコース)
Dulbecco,R.ら,Virology 8:396(1959);Smith,J.D.ら,Virology 12:158(1960);Tissue Culture Standards Committee,In Vitro 6:2(1993)参照。
液体:29.2mg/ml。
Rodbell,M.ら,J.Biol.Chem.239:375(1964)参照。
E.coliからの組換えヒトIL−3(Yang Y.C.ら,Cell 47:10(1986));133アミノ酸残基(成熟IL−3を含む)および134アミノ酸残基(およそ1:2の比率でメチオニル形態を含む)を含む;計算分子量約17.5kD;比活性1×103U/μg;(R&D Catalogue No.203−IL)。
E.coliからの組換えヒトM−CSF;モノマー(18.5kD)として135アミノ酸を含む(N末端メチオニンを含む);37kDの分子量のホモダイマーとして存在する;(SIGMA Catalogue No.M 6518)。
実施例において使用される、抗原(CD14、CD31、CD90、CD117、CD123、CD135)に対する抗体は、市販されている。これらを、以下の供給源から入手した:
CD14:DAKO、モノクローナルマウス抗ヒトCD14、単球、クローンTUEK4、コード番号M 0825、Lot 036、02.02.01版;
CD31:PharMingen International、モノクローナルマウス抗ラットCD31(PECAM−1)、クローンTLD−3A12、カタログ番号 22711D、0.5mg;
CD90:Biozol Diagnostica、 Serotec、マウス抗Human CDw90、クローン番号F15−42−1、MCAP90、バッチ番号 0699;
CD117:DAKO、モノクローナルマウス抗ヒトCD117、c−kit、クローン番号104D2、コード番号M 7140、Lot 016、04.05.00版;
CD123:Research Diagnostics Inc.、マウス抗ヒトCD123抗体、クローン9F5、カタログ番号RDI−CD123−9F5;
CD135:Serotec、マウス抗ヒトCD135、MCA1843、クローン番号BV10A4H2。
(全血からの単球の分離)
血液凝固を避け、細胞に栄養を与えるため、3チャンババッグセット内の450mlの全血を、63mlの安定化溶液(1リットルのH2Oにつき、3.27gのクエン酸、26.3gのクエン酸三ナトリウム、25.5gのデキストロース、および22.22gのジヒドロキシリン酸ナトリウムを含んだ)と混合した。この溶液のpH値は、5.6〜5.8に達した。
(単球の増殖および脱分化)
一方で単球の培養および増殖を、一方でこの細胞の脱分化を、以下の組成の栄養培地中で、1回の工程で実行した:
氷上で30分間;
−20℃で2時間(事前に冷却しておいたスチロポール箱中で);
−80℃で24時間(スチロポール中で);
チューブ中で、液体窒素(N2)中で−180℃で保存する。
++ 一次抗体による細胞の強い呈色反応。
(成体幹細胞由来のニューロンおよびグリア細胞の産生)
ニューロンおよびグリア細胞の産生を、直径100mmのシャーレ中で行った。シャーレを調製するため、5mlの純粋不活性化ウシ胎仔ウシ血清(FCS)をそれぞれのシャーレに入れ、それによって底を覆った。7時間後、シャーレの底に接着しなかった部分のFCSを、ピペットで除去した。実施例2に従って産生した約106個の細胞を、調製したシャーレの1枚に入れ、そして以下の組成の栄養培地を10ml加えた:
(ニューロン前駆細胞、ニューロンおよびグリア細胞の証拠)
脱分化したプログラム可能な幹細胞により誘導された標的細胞の後ほどでの免疫組織化学的特徴づけのために、単球から産生した幹細胞(105細胞/ガラス蓋)を、6ウェルプレート(チャンバにつき、直径30mm)の底に置かれたガラス蓋(20mm×20mm)に供給し、1ウェルプレートにつき栄養培地(2ml)で培養した。それぞれの標的細胞の分化後、これらを、以下のように固定した:栄養培地(上清)の除去後、培養した標的細胞を、2mlのメタノールの添加(10分間効果があった)により固定した。その後、エタノールをピペットで除去し、そしてウェルプレートを、PBS(毎回2mlずつ)で2回洗浄した。この後、細胞を、Cordell.J.L.,ら、「Immunoenzymatic labeling monoclonal antibodies using immune complexes of alkaline phosphatase and monoclonal anti−alkaline phosphatase(APAAP complexes).」J.Histochem.Cytochem.32:219−229(1994)に記載される技術を使用して、APAAP赤色複合物によって染色し得た。別に特定しない限り、加えた一次抗体を、PBSで1:100に希釈し、各々200μlのこの濃度の抗体を、6ウェルのそれぞれにピペットで入れた。
(単球起源の脱分化したプログラム可能な成体幹細胞からの内皮細胞の産生)
内皮細胞の培養のため、Matrigel(登録商標)(Beckton and Dickinson,Heidelberg,DE)を、マトリックスとして使用した。このマトリックスは、フィブロネクチン、ラミニンならびにコラーゲンIおよびコラーゲンIVを含む。
(脂肪細胞(fat cell)(adipocyte)の生成)
A:実施例2による成体幹細胞から脂肪細胞へのプログラミング/分化のために、まず、馴化培地を生成した。この目的のために、単球もまた由来する血液由来の20gの自己由来脂肪組織(すなわち、同じヒトドナー由来の脂肪組織)を、以下の通りに処理した:
最初に、この脂肪組織をペトリ皿において破砕し、そしてその破砕組織片を、篩(孔径100μm)に通した。
(肝臓細胞(肝細胞)の生成)
A:実施例2に従う単球起源の脱分化したプログラム可能な幹細胞から肝臓細胞へのプログラミングのために、まず、馴化培地を生成した。この目的のために、40gのヒト肝臓組織を以下のように処理した。
(肝臓細胞増殖培地)
皮膚細胞中の実施例2による単球起源の脱分化したプログラム可能な幹細胞のプログラミングのために、馴化培地を最初に作製した。この目的のために、1〜2cm2の完全ヒト皮膚を、以下の通りに加工した。皮膚材料を、最初に、無菌条件下で、皮下組織から遊離させた。次いで、この組織を、激しく攪拌することにより、合計10回、無菌容器中でPBSを用いて洗浄した。2回目の洗浄後、この組織を、マークの無くなった結合組織の残部から、再度遊離させた。
インスリン産生細胞の生成を、約250mlの容積で平坦な壁を有する培養フラスコ(T75細胞培養フラスコ)において行った。実施例13に従って生成された約5×106個の細胞を、以下に示す約5mlの培養培地(インスリン産生細胞のための分化培地)中に懸濁し、このフラスコに導入した後、さらなる15mlの培養培地と混合した。これらの細胞の分化のために、これらのフラスコを、37℃および5% CO2のインキュベータ中で水平位置にてインキュベートした。
実施例7に記載される通りの肝細胞−馴化培地(LCCM)の使用の代替法として、肝細胞への幹細胞の分化を、以下に示す栄養培地(Ha)によって誘導した。幹細胞からの肝細胞の生成を、今度は、約250mlの容量で平坦な壁を有する培養フラスコ(T75−細胞培養フラスコ)中で行った。実施例13に従って生成した約5×106個の細胞を、以下に示した約5mlの改善培養培地(Ha、肝細胞のための分化培地)中に導入し、これらのフラスコ中に導入した後、さらに15mlの培養培地と混合した。これらの細胞の分化のために、これらのフラスコを、37℃および5% CO2のインキュベータ中で水平位置にてインキュベートした。
脱分化した幹細胞に由来する肝細胞におけるアルブミンおよび単球特異的抗原CD14の同時発現の決定を、一方では二重染色(A)によって、他方ではFACS分析(B)によって行った。
プログラム可能幹細胞が、遺伝的に同一のレシピエント動物の肝臓への門脈を介した注射後、インビボで、肝臓中に存在するシグナル供与体によって特異的分化をする程度を明確にするために、雌性LEWラットの肝臓を、肝臓中に存在する肝細胞(肝臓実質細胞)をそれらの増殖活性に関して阻害するために、最初にレトルシン(retrorsine)で処置した(Ref.Lacone,E.ら,「Long−term,near−total liver replacement by transplantation of isolated hepatocytes in rats treated with retrorsine」Am.J.Path.153:319−329(1998))。
一方では単球の培養および増殖を、そして他方ではより大規模でのこの細胞の脱分化を培養フラスコ中、同じ栄養培地中で行い、これをまた、ウェルプレート中での培養のためにも用いた(実施例2を参照のこと)。この栄養培地は、2.5μg/500ml M−CSFおよび0.2μg/500mlインターロイキン3(IL−3)を含んでいた。
氷上で30分間;
予め冷却したスチロポール(styropor)ボックス中、−20℃で2時間;
スチロポール中、−80℃で24時間;
−180℃の液体窒素(N2)中、チューブ中で保存した。
Claims (45)
- ヒト単球起源の、脱分化した、プログラム可能な幹細胞の生成のためのプロセスであって、該プロセスは、以下:
a)単球が、ヒト血液から単離されること;
b)該単球が、細胞増殖因子M−CSFを含む、適切な培養培地中で増殖すること;
c)該単球が、工程b)と同時かまたは工程b)の後に、IL−3を含む培養培地中で培養されること;および
d)該ヒトの成熟した脱分化したプログラム可能な幹細胞が、培養培地から該細胞を分離することによって得られること;
を特徴とする、プロセス。 - 前記工程c)の培養培地に、メルカプト化合物がさらに添加されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- メルカプト化合物が使用され、該化合物中では少なくとも1つの炭素基が、硫黄に結合しており、炭化水素基が、1つ以上のさらなる官能基で置換され得ることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載のプロセス。
- 前記メルカプト化合物が、2−メルカプトエタノールまたはジメチルスルホキシドであることを特徴とする、請求項2または請求項3に記載のプロセス。
- 工程c)の後および工程d)の前に、前記細胞が、生物学的に受容可能な有機溶媒と接触されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜請求項4に記載のプロセス。
- 前記生物学的に受容可能な有機溶媒が、1〜4個の炭素原子を有するアルコールであることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載のプロセス。
- 前記アルコールが、エタノールであることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載のプロセス。
- 前記細胞が、前記生物学的に受容可能な有機溶媒の気相と接触されることを特徴とする、請求項5〜請求項7に記載のプロセス。
- 工程d)の後に、前記細胞が、適切な細胞培養培地中に懸濁されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜請求項8に記載のプロセス。
- 前記培地が、RPMIまたはDMEMであることを特徴とする、請求項9に記載のプロセス。
- 前記培地が、サイトカインまたはLIFを含むことを特徴とする、請求項9または請求項10に記載のプロセス。
- 前記細胞が、液体培地中に懸濁され、続いて急速凍結されることを特徴とする、請求項9〜請求項11に記載のプロセス。
- 前記培地が、細胞培養培地であることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載のプロセス。
- ヒト単球起源の、脱分化した、プログラム可能な幹細胞。
- 請求項1〜13のプロセスによって得られ得る、請求項14に記載の幹細胞。
- 請求項14または請求項15に記載の、脱分化した、プログラム可能な幹細胞を含む、薬学的組成物。
- 標的細胞および標的組織を生成するための、請求項14または請求項15に記載の、脱分化した、プログラム可能な幹細胞の使用。
- 請求項17に記載の使用であって、以下:
a)所望の標的細胞を含む組織が破砕されること;
b)該標的細胞および/または該標的細胞のフラグメントが、該破砕された組織から得られること;
c)該標的細胞および/または該標的細胞のフラグメントが、適切な培養培地中でインキュベートされること;
d)該培養培地の上清が、標的細胞馴化培地としてインキュベーション中およびインキュベーション後に収集されること;ならびに
e)該所望の標的細胞への前記幹細胞の再プログラミング/分化のために、該幹細胞が、該標的細胞馴化培地の存在下で増殖されること;
を特徴とする、使用。 - 脂肪細胞、ニューロンおよびグリア細胞、内皮細胞、ケラチノサイト、肝細胞もしくは島細胞の生成のための、請求項17または請求項18に記載の使用。
- 前記脱分化した、プログラム可能な幹細胞が、1つ以上の遺伝子でトランスフェクトされることを特徴とする、請求項1〜請求項13に記載のプロセス。
- 膜結合型単球特異的表面抗原であるCD14と、CD117、CD123およびCD135からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの多能性マーカーとによって特徴付けられる、請求項14に記載の、ヒト単球起源の、脱分化した、プログラム可能な幹細胞。
- 前記脱分化した、プログラム可能な幹細胞が、1つ以上の遺伝子でトランスフェクトされていることを特徴とする、請求項14、請求項15または請求項21に記載の幹細胞。
- 適切な培地中に、請求項14、請求項15、請求項21または請求項22に記載の、脱分化した、プログラム可能な幹細胞を含む、幹細胞調製物。
- 肝硬変の処置のための薬学的組成物の調製のための、請求項14、請求項15、請求項21または請求項22に記載の、脱分化した、プログラム可能な幹細胞の使用。
- 膵不全の処置のための薬学的組成物の調製のための、請求項14、請求項15、請求項21または請求項22に記載の、脱分化した、プログラム可能な幹細胞の使用。
- 急性腎不全または慢性腎不全の処置のための薬学的組成物の調製のための、請求項14、請求項15、請求項21または請求項22に記載の、脱分化した、プログラム可能な幹細胞の使用。
- ホルモン機能不全の処置のための薬学的組成物の調製のための、請求項14、請求項15、請求項21または請求項22に記載の、脱分化した、プログラム可能な幹細胞の使用。
- 心筋梗塞の処置のための薬学的組成物の調製のための、請求項14、請求項15、請求項21または請求項22に記載の、脱分化した、プログラム可能な幹細胞の使用。
- 肺塞栓症の処置のための薬学的組成物の調製のための、請求項14、請求項15、請求項21または請求項22に記載の、脱分化した、プログラム可能な幹細胞の使用。
- 発作の処置のための薬学的組成物の調製のための、請求項14、請求項15、請求項21または請求項22に記載の、脱分化した、プログラム可能な幹細胞の使用。
- 皮膚損傷の処置のための薬学的組成物の調製のための、請求項14、請求項15、請求項21または請求項22に記載の、脱分化した、プログラム可能な幹細胞の使用。
- 標的細胞および標的組織のインビボにおける生成のための薬学的組成物の調製のための、請求項14、請求項15、請求項21または請求項22に記載の、脱分化した、プログラム可能な幹細胞の使用。
- 前記膜結合型表面抗原CD14により特徴付けられる請求項14、請求項15、請求項21または請求項22に記載の前記幹細胞を再プログラミングすることによって得られる、分化した、単離された、標的体細胞および/または標的体組織。
- 脂肪細胞、ニューロンおよびグリア細胞、内皮細胞、ケラチノサイト、肝細胞ならびに島細胞からなる群から選択される、請求項33に記載の標的体細胞および/または標的体組織。
- 1つ以上の遺伝子でトランスフェクトされていることを特徴とする、請求項33または請求項34に記載の標的体細胞および/または標的体組織。
- 請求項14、請求項15、請求項21または請求項22に記載の脱分化した、プログラム可能な幹細胞あるいは請求項33〜請求項35に記載の標的体細胞および/または標的体組織でコーティングされた、移植可能な材料。
- 前記材料がプロテーゼであることを特徴とする、請求項36に記載の移植可能な材料。
- 前記プロテーゼが、心臓弁プロテーゼ、管プロテーゼ、骨プロテーゼおよび関節プロテーゼからなる群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項37に記載の移植可能な材料。
- 前記移植可能な材料が、請求項14、請求項15、請求項21または請求項22に記載の脱分化した、プログラム可能な幹細胞または請求項33〜請求項35に記載の標的細胞を含む、人工的キャリア材料および/または生物学的キャリア材料であることを特徴とする、請求項36に記載の移植可能な材料。
- 前記キャリア材料が、人体中への導入のためのバッグまたはチャンバであることを特徴とする、請求項39に記載の移植可能な材料。
- インスリンの供給のための人工島細胞ポートチャンバとしての使用のための薬学的構築物の生成のための、請求項33に記載の島細胞を含む請求項40に記載のバッグまたはチャンバの使用。
- 手術後の乳房構築のためならびに形成矯正および/または美容矯正の場合に使用するための、薬学的構築物の製造のための請求項33に記載の脂肪細胞を含む請求項40に記載のバッグまたはチャンバの使用であって、該薬学的構築物は、脂肪細胞で満たした人工ポリマーを含む、使用。
- 請求項36または請求項40に記載の移植可能な材料であって、請求項33に記載の分化した単離された標的体細胞を含む、半透性のポートチャンバ系であることを特徴とする、移植可能な材料。
- 内分泌疾患、代謝病または止血性疾患のインビボにおける処置のための薬学的構築物の製造のための、請求項43に記載の半透性のポートチャンバ系の使用。
- ヒト単球起源の脱分化した、プログラム可能な幹細胞の生成のための、M−CSFおよびIL−3の使用。
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JP2018526992A (ja) * | 2015-08-31 | 2018-09-20 | アイ ピース,インコーポレイテッド | 多能性幹細胞製造システム、幹細胞の誘導方法、幹細胞の浮遊培養方法、幹細胞の浮遊培養器、人工多能性幹細胞の作製方法、及び動物細胞から特定の体細胞を作製する方法 |
US11286454B2 (en) | 2015-08-31 | 2022-03-29 | I Peace, Inc. | Pluripotent stem cell manufacturing system and method for producing induced pluripotent stem cells |
JP7370529B2 (ja) | 2015-08-31 | 2023-10-30 | 剛士 田邊 | 多能性幹細胞製造システム、幹細胞の誘導方法、幹細胞の浮遊培養方法、幹細胞の浮遊培養器、人工多能性幹細胞の作製方法、及び動物細胞から特定の体細胞を作製する方法 |
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