IL105094A - Aqueous emulsion polymerization process for the production of microvoid containing core/shell polymeric particles - Google Patents
Aqueous emulsion polymerization process for the production of microvoid containing core/shell polymeric particlesInfo
- Publication number
- IL105094A IL105094A IL10509493A IL10509493A IL105094A IL 105094 A IL105094 A IL 105094A IL 10509493 A IL10509493 A IL 10509493A IL 10509493 A IL10509493 A IL 10509493A IL 105094 A IL105094 A IL 105094A
- Authority
- IL
- Israel
- Prior art keywords
- core
- shell
- polymer
- particles
- acid
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims description 23
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001244 carboxylic acid anhydrides Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000007771 core particle Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000004815 dispersion polymer Substances 0.000 description 13
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 10
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010420 shell particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)pyridin-3-amine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CN=C1OC1=CC=C(F)C=C1F LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- XMRUJYGYYCLRGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium;2-[2-[2-[2-(4-nonylphenoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl sulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(OCCOCCOCCOCCOS([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 XMRUJYGYYCLRGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 238000000399 optical microscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N itaconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001124 (E)-prop-1-ene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- JYSWMLAADBQAQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-prop-2-enoyloxyacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)COC(=O)C=C JYSWMLAADBQAQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940091181 aconitic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- GTZCVFVGUGFEME-IWQZZHSRSA-N cis-aconitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C\C(C(O)=O)=C\C(O)=O GTZCVFVGUGFEME-IWQZZHSRSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 3
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C\C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960002598 fumaric acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N fumaric acid monomethyl ester Natural products COC(=O)C=CC(O)=O NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229940098895 maleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940044600 maleic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-NSCUHMNNSA-N monomethyl fumarate Chemical compound COC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940005650 monomethyl fumarate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-aconitic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)=CC(O)=O GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DAFHKNAQFPVRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethylpentyl) 2-methylpropanoate Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)C(C)(C)COC(=O)C(C)C DAFHKNAQFPVRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWBYXBYRUHMDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methylprop-2-enoxy)acetic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)COCC(O)=O KWBYXBYRUHMDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BKWOMQKTZBWGSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)propanoic acid;2-prop-2-enoyloxypropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C(C)OC(=O)C(C)=C BKWOMQKTZBWGSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 alkali metal metabisulfite Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001429 chelating resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011067 equilibration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000140 heteropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- DCUFMVPCXCSVNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(=O)C(C)=C DCUFMVPCXCSVNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003605 opacifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L peroxydisulfate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004627 transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000003837 (C1-C20) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VDYWHVQKENANGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Butyleneglycol dimethacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C VDYWHVQKENANGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUWOTPLDXQSGQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)OC(=O)C(C)=C MUWOTPLDXQSGQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C(C)=C WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CUTWSDAQYCQTGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-prop-2-enoyloxypropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)OC(=O)C=C CUTWSDAQYCQTGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JTHZUSWLNCPZLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-fluoro-3-methyl-2h-indazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=C2C(C)=NNC2=C1 JTHZUSWLNCPZLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004908 Emulsion polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBTVGIZVANVGBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminomethyl propanol Chemical compound CC(C)(N)CO CBTVGIZVANVGBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012874 anionic emulsifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- AOJOEFVRHOZDFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 AOJOEFVRHOZDFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GCTPMLUUWLLESL-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 GCTPMLUUWLLESL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013351 cheese Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRWZHXKQBITJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-L dithionite(2-) Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)S([O-])=O GRWZHXKQBITJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZNAOFAIBVOMLPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C ZNAOFAIBVOMLPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZDUWXKXFAIFOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C PZDUWXKXFAIFOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lauryl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000386 microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012875 nonionic emulsifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- HMZGPNHSPWNGEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C HMZGPNHSPWNGEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000019612 pigmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- XWGJFPHUCFXLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-M rongalite Chemical compound [Na+].OCS([O-])=O XWGJFPHUCFXLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012719 thermal polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L thiosulfate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]S([S-])(=O)=O DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/12—Powdering or granulating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F265/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof as defined in group C08F20/00
- C08F265/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof as defined in group C08F20/00 on to polymers of acids, salts or anhydrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/12—Powdering or granulating
- C08J3/126—Polymer particles coated by polymer, e.g. core shell structures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/65—Additives macromolecular
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/70—Additives characterised by shape, e.g. fibres, flakes or microspheres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2333/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
- C08J2333/06—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08J2333/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
- C08J2333/12—Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2433/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2433/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
- C08J2433/06—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08J2433/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
- C08J2433/12—Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
- Y10T428/2989—Microcapsule with solid core [includes liposome]
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US86692492A | 1992-04-10 | 1992-04-10 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
IL105094A0 IL105094A0 (en) | 1993-07-08 |
IL105094A true IL105094A (en) | 1996-11-14 |
Family
ID=25348737
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
IL10509493A IL105094A (en) | 1992-04-10 | 1993-03-18 | Aqueous emulsion polymerization process for the production of microvoid containing core/shell polymeric particles |
Country Status (17)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5527613A (es) |
EP (1) | EP0565244A1 (es) |
JP (1) | JP3312952B2 (es) |
KR (1) | KR100256504B1 (es) |
CN (1) | CN1040333C (es) |
AU (1) | AU666923B2 (es) |
BR (1) | BR9301473A (es) |
CA (1) | CA2092987A1 (es) |
FI (1) | FI931632L (es) |
IL (1) | IL105094A (es) |
MX (1) | MX201091B (es) |
MY (1) | MY108919A (es) |
NO (1) | NO300378B1 (es) |
NZ (1) | NZ247180A (es) |
SG (1) | SG84480A1 (es) |
TW (1) | TW222291B (es) |
ZA (1) | ZA932160B (es) |
Families Citing this family (81)
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US5932515A (en) * | 1997-11-25 | 1999-08-03 | The Mead Corporation | Recording paper incorporating hollow spherical plastic pigment |
KR100241051B1 (ko) * | 1997-12-30 | 2000-02-01 | 박찬구 | 중공구조를 갖는 플라스틱 안료의 제조방법 |
DE19802120A1 (de) * | 1998-01-21 | 1999-07-22 | Basf Ag | Säuregruppen enthaltendes Mikrosuspensionspolymerisat |
AU2697899A (en) * | 1998-05-18 | 1999-11-25 | Rohm And Haas Company | Hollow sphere organic pigment for paper or paper coatings |
US6531183B1 (en) * | 1999-07-28 | 2003-03-11 | Meadwestvaco Corporation | Method of producing high gloss paper |
US6547929B2 (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2003-04-15 | Rohm And Haas Company | Paper having improved print quality and method of making the same |
US6646058B1 (en) * | 2001-02-21 | 2003-11-11 | The Sherwin-Williams Company | Water-borne paint composition having improved hiding and scrub-resistance |
JP4843850B2 (ja) * | 2001-02-21 | 2011-12-21 | Jsr株式会社 | 中空ポリマー粒子の製造方法 |
AU785282B2 (en) | 2001-06-20 | 2006-12-21 | Rohm And Haas Company | Coating with improved hiding, compositions prepared therewith, and processes for the preparation thereof |
KR100452411B1 (ko) * | 2002-05-07 | 2004-10-12 | 한국타이어 주식회사 | 타이어 트레드용 고무 조성물 |
EP1371685A3 (en) | 2002-06-14 | 2004-01-07 | Rohm And Haas Company | Aqueous polymeric composition containing polymeric nanoparticles and treatments prepared therefrom |
TWI256416B (en) * | 2003-06-02 | 2006-06-11 | Rohm & Haas | Aqueous leather treatment composition and method of use |
EP1496091A1 (en) * | 2003-07-08 | 2005-01-12 | Rohm And Haas Company | Aqueous polymer composition |
US20050154084A1 (en) * | 2004-01-12 | 2005-07-14 | Ecolab Inc. | Floor finish with lightening agent |
ES2351869T3 (es) * | 2004-04-23 | 2011-02-11 | Rohm And Haas Company | Procedimiento para preparar un material laminado decorativo. |
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EP1724292B1 (en) * | 2005-05-18 | 2008-09-10 | Rohm And Haas Company | Process for producing macroporous acrylic resins |
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US7855261B2 (en) | 2006-12-08 | 2010-12-21 | Eastman Chemical Company | Aldehyde removal |
US20080134893A1 (en) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-12 | Thauming Kuo | Particulate filter media |
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US20080206469A1 (en) | 2007-02-23 | 2008-08-28 | Arnold Stan Brownell | Aqueous compositions and processes including fluorocarbons |
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US8921477B2 (en) * | 2008-10-13 | 2014-12-30 | Eastern Michigan University | Conventional latex / nanolatex blends |
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US20190322123A1 (en) | 2017-01-01 | 2019-10-24 | Advanced Environmental Recycling Technologies, Inc. | Methods for coating composite articles |
US10730334B1 (en) | 2017-04-21 | 2020-08-04 | Omnova Solutions Inc. | Thermosensitive recording material |
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US10933389B2 (en) | 2017-07-28 | 2021-03-02 | Swimc Llc | Tinting water-borne and solvent-borne paints and stains with powdered colorants |
US10934151B2 (en) | 2017-07-28 | 2021-03-02 | Swimc Llc | Tinting water-borne and solvent-borne paints and stains with water-only colorants |
AU2019204505C1 (en) | 2018-07-19 | 2023-10-26 | Rohm And Haas Company | Process for preparing an aqueous dispersion of multistage polymer particles |
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AU2022248726A1 (en) | 2021-04-01 | 2023-10-12 | Basf Se | Aqueous polymer dispersion of voided polymer particles |
WO2024233445A1 (en) | 2023-05-09 | 2024-11-14 | Rohm And Haas Company | Bimodal binder compositions, processes of making bimodal binder compositions, and fast-drying aqueous compositions comprising a bimodal binder composition |
WO2024233448A1 (en) | 2023-05-09 | 2024-11-14 | Rohm And Haas Company | Bimodal binder compositions, processes of making bimodal binder compositions, and fast-drying aqueous compositions comprising a bimodal binder compostion |
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Family Cites Families (12)
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US4468498A (en) * | 1980-06-12 | 1984-08-28 | Rohm And Haas Company | Sequential heteropolymer dispersion and a particulate materal obtainable therefrom, useful in coating compositions as a thickening and/or opacifying agent |
US4427836A (en) * | 1980-06-12 | 1984-01-24 | Rohm And Haas Company | Sequential heteropolymer dispersion and a particulate material obtainable therefrom, useful in coating compositions as a thickening and/or opacifying agent |
US4469825A (en) * | 1983-03-09 | 1984-09-04 | Rohm And Haas Company | Sequential heteropolymer dispersion and a particulate material obtainable therefrom, useful in coating compositions as an opacifying agent |
US4594363A (en) * | 1985-01-11 | 1986-06-10 | Rohm And Haas Company | Production of core-sheath polymer particles containing voids, resulting product and use |
US4677003A (en) * | 1985-04-30 | 1987-06-30 | Rohm And Haas Company | Microsuspension process for preparing solvent core sequential polymer dispersion |
GB8718036D0 (en) * | 1987-07-30 | 1987-09-03 | Tioxide Group Plc | Polymeric particles |
GB8729399D0 (en) * | 1987-12-17 | 1988-02-03 | Tioxide Group Plc | Polymeric particles & their preparation |
US4880842A (en) * | 1988-05-20 | 1989-11-14 | Rohm & Haas Company | Multi-stage opacifying polymer particles containing non-polymeric acid absorbed therein |
JP2790381B2 (ja) * | 1990-02-03 | 1998-08-27 | 三井化学株式会社 | 有芯多層構造エマルション粒子 |
GB9007199D0 (en) * | 1990-03-30 | 1990-05-30 | Tioxide Group Plc | Preparation of polymeric particles |
EP0467646B2 (en) | 1990-07-16 | 2006-05-17 | Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. | Process for the preparation of multi-shell emulsion particles |
JP3313149B2 (ja) * | 1992-08-28 | 2002-08-12 | 三井化学株式会社 | 空隙を有するエマルション粒子 |
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1993
- 1993-03-15 EP EP93301935A patent/EP0565244A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1993-03-15 SG SG9603832A patent/SG84480A1/en unknown
- 1993-03-17 NZ NZ247180A patent/NZ247180A/en unknown
- 1993-03-18 IL IL10509493A patent/IL105094A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-03-19 MY MYPI93000480A patent/MY108919A/en unknown
- 1993-03-26 AU AU35531/93A patent/AU666923B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1993-03-26 ZA ZA932160A patent/ZA932160B/xx unknown
- 1993-03-30 MX MX9301805A patent/MX201091B/es not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-03-30 CA CA002092987A patent/CA2092987A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-03-31 NO NO931205A patent/NO300378B1/no unknown
- 1993-03-31 TW TW82102365A patent/TW222291B/zh active
- 1993-04-07 BR BR9301473A patent/BR9301473A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-04-08 FI FI931632A patent/FI931632L/fi unknown
- 1993-04-09 JP JP08344793A patent/JP3312952B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-04-10 CN CN93104210A patent/CN1040333C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-04-10 KR KR1019930006002A patent/KR100256504B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-04-25 US US08/233,089 patent/US5527613A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1995
- 1995-06-06 US US08/467,642 patent/US5510422A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TW222291B (en) | 1994-04-11 |
CA2092987A1 (en) | 1993-10-11 |
IL105094A0 (en) | 1993-07-08 |
FI931632L (fi) | 1993-10-11 |
MX201091B (es) | 2001-03-20 |
BR9301473A (pt) | 1993-10-13 |
NO931205L (no) | 1993-10-11 |
NZ247180A (en) | 1995-07-26 |
KR930021688A (ko) | 1993-11-22 |
ZA932160B (en) | 1993-10-11 |
MX9301805A (es) | 1994-04-29 |
MY108919A (en) | 1996-11-30 |
JPH0625314A (ja) | 1994-02-01 |
US5527613A (en) | 1996-06-18 |
FI931632A0 (fi) | 1993-04-08 |
CN1040333C (zh) | 1998-10-21 |
NO931205D0 (no) | 1993-03-31 |
AU666923B2 (en) | 1996-02-29 |
US5510422A (en) | 1996-04-23 |
EP0565244A1 (en) | 1993-10-13 |
CN1077717A (zh) | 1993-10-27 |
NO300378B1 (no) | 1997-05-20 |
KR100256504B1 (ko) | 2000-05-15 |
AU3553193A (en) | 1993-10-14 |
SG84480A1 (en) | 2001-11-20 |
JP3312952B2 (ja) | 2002-08-12 |
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Legal Events
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KB | Patent renewed | ||
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KB | Patent renewed | ||
MM9K | Patent not in force due to non-payment of renewal fees |