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EP1113154A2 - Filtre à suie pour véhicules diesel - Google Patents

Filtre à suie pour véhicules diesel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1113154A2
EP1113154A2 EP00128343A EP00128343A EP1113154A2 EP 1113154 A2 EP1113154 A2 EP 1113154A2 EP 00128343 A EP00128343 A EP 00128343A EP 00128343 A EP00128343 A EP 00128343A EP 1113154 A2 EP1113154 A2 EP 1113154A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filter body
soot
heating element
soot filter
recess
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00128343A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1113154A3 (fr
Inventor
Buckel Thomas
Volkholz Elke
Stoepler Walter Dr.
Lerdung Gérard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Faurecia Automobiltechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Faurecia Abgastechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Faurecia Abgastechnik GmbH filed Critical Faurecia Abgastechnik GmbH
Publication of EP1113154A2 publication Critical patent/EP1113154A2/fr
Publication of EP1113154A3 publication Critical patent/EP1113154A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a soot filter for diesel vehicles.
  • soot filters are used to remove soot particles from the exhaust gas stream of a diesel engine. They usually include one filter body made of ceramic material. If the Absorption capacity of the filter body is exhausted Cleaning or regeneration required.
  • a method for Regeneration consists of adding an additive to the exhaust gas flow, that the ignition temperature of the soot particles in the Lowered the range of the normal prevailing exhaust gas temperature.
  • Another method uses heating elements with which locally heated areas of the filter body are strongly heated become, which ignites the soot particles. The Once started, combustion spreads over the whole Filter body off so that all of the soot is burned becomes. The ignition phase is problematic. Here are mostly Powerful heating elements required to provide sufficient to ensure high heat input.
  • Such heating elements are large volume and increase if arranged in the exhaust gas flow are the flow resistance.
  • the object of the invention is a soot filter to propose, in which the ignition of the soot particles easier and in which the heating element is in close thermal contact can be positioned to the filter body without the There is a risk of damage to the filter body.
  • a soot filter according to claim 1 solved that at least one in the filter body its front end, which is acted upon by the exhaust gas stream, opens There is recess in which the heating element with axial and radial spacing. That is first achieved that the contact surface or that of radiant heat actable area of the filter body enlarged is. The heat emitted by the heating element works in a focused manner on the inner surface of the A recess, which causes the ignition temperature of the soot particles is reached quickly and reliably. It is advantageous Furthermore, that in the recess or in the between the wall of the recess and the heating element Separate and collect soot particles from the exhaust gas flow.
  • the ignition phase is therefore relatively large Amount of soot particles available, which is easy to ignite is because it is in close contact with the heating element and the other because of their relatively large mass releases large amounts of heat during their combustion. Farther are released by the release of a radial and axial gap between heating element and filter body due to production and assembly Tolerances balanced and relative movements due to expansion between filter body and housing or heating element enables.
  • An alternative solution to the above Task looks at a soot filter according to claim 2 before that one facing the filter body Section of the heating element from one of the unpurified Exhaust gas flow through and the accumulation of soot particles serving separating element made of good thermal conductivity Material is included with a contact surface on the filter body is present.
  • Both solutions have in common that in Area of the heating element with the help of a recess or in the form of a separate part formed separator a collection that eases the initial spark of soot particles. Since the separating element Alternative solution consists of a highly thermally conductive material, is the emitted by the heating element and by the Combustion of the soot accumulation in the separator element generated thermal energy quickly and with little loss to the filter body forwarded.
  • the separating element made of an elastically deformable material.
  • the separating element from a wire mesh.
  • Such one Material is compared to that prevailing in the exhaust gas flow Very tough conditions. It is also one Separating element can be manufactured and assembled cost-effectively. If here we are talking about wire mesh, so are also among them To understand knitted fabrics, wire felts and the like.
  • this is Separating element so spring-loaded that it against a Surface, preferably against the front end face of the filter body is pressed. This will make direct surface contact between separating element and filter body even then not interrupted when the heating element is conditionally about due to different material expansions, from the filter body away.
  • the separating element is along with the section it encompasses of the heating element is arranged in a recess which in Filter body is present and which is in the front end of the filter body opens. This is the separation effect elevated.
  • the other is the contact area between Filter body and separating element enlarged.
  • the invention is particularly advantageously applicable to heating elements which in the form of a rod-shaped glow part Glow plug are formed.
  • Such heating elements are fixed to the housing and lead to heating and cooling due to different thermal expansion of filter body and housing a relative movement to the filter body.
  • separating element preferably made of wire mesh is a touch and therefore damage to the Filter body effectively prevented.
  • the free end of the glow member is formed as a tip is.
  • at least one recess in the filter body can namely pre-assembled with a wire mesh. This can be done due to the tip provided in the glow plug just slide it into the wire mesh during assembly.
  • the wire mesh is pushed apart radially and pressed against the inner surface of the recess, which the Thermal contact to the filter body increased.
  • the invention is particularly advantageous in connection with a honeycomb filter body which in the axial direction of Flow channels are interspersed, which with porous walls adjoin each other and alternately on the input side or on the output side are closed with a sealing element.
  • the exhaust gas flows with such a filter body in the input side open channels and flows in through porous channel walls adjacent channels open on the output side.
  • Filter bodies are the soot particles practically all over Length of the filter body distributed, e.g. at sponge-like filter bodies a concentration in Entrance area occurs, causing local soot inflammation simplified. Because of the homogeneous distribution in the of channels the filter body is the inflammation of the soot particles but mostly more difficult. The invention can be found here but to remedy the situation.
  • the sealing elements closing the channels on the inlet side have a greater length than the axial extent the recess receiving the heating element. Based on these Design remains the predetermined mosaic-like arrangement obtained from closed and unlocked channel openings. A short circuit and therefore a simple flow through Channels with a strong reduction in their cleaning effect thus prevented.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show a filter body 1, which in one Including inflow and an outflow funnel (not shown) Housing 11 is mounted.
  • the essentially cylindrical one made of ceramic or also of sintered metal or one Material made of metal fiber existing filter body is in Axial direction 22 penetrated by narrow channels 2,3, the input side or on the output side with a sealing element 4.5 are closed.
  • Channels 2 with sealing element on the input side 4 and the channels 3 with the sealing element on the outlet side 5 alternate with each other, so that when viewed from the front, 2 and 3 can be seen, a checkerboard Pattern emerges. That in the direction of flow 6 front end 7 of the filter body 1 exhaust gas first reaches the channels closed on the output side 3.
  • the walls 8 bordering the channels 2, 3 are porous, so that the exhaust gas from the channels closed on the outlet side 3 over the walls 8 into the closed on the entrance side, on the output side, however, open channels 2. At the Passage of the exhaust gas through the porous walls 8 are in Soot particles contained in the exhaust gas are retained.
  • the glow plug 9 For regeneration of the filter body loaded with soot particles a glow plug 9 is provided, which in the figures is shown in a highly simplified manner.
  • the glow plug includes one rod-shaped or cylindrical glow part 10, that of a sleeve is formed, in which a resistance heating element is arranged is.
  • the glow part protrudes into a recess 12, which is extends from the front end face 7 in the axial direction 22.
  • the recess 12 is dimensioned such that between the glow part 10 and a radial gap 14 is present in the bore side wall.
  • the glow member 10 extends only so far into the recess 12 into it, between it and the bottom of the recess 12 an axial gap 15 remains free.
  • glow plugs in general the housing 11 of the soot filter are fixed, transfers a relative thermal expansion of the housing on the glow plug or their glow part 10. Due to the existing column 14.15 such a relative movement is possible without any problems. Characterized in that the glow member on all sides of the recess 12th is included, the thermal contact surface between the glow member 10 and filter body 1 increases, thereby increasing the heating efficiency the glow plug 9 is optimized. The recess 12 continues to form a separating element that prevents the accumulation of soot particles serves in the area of the glow part 10. Because the Recess 12 opens into the end face 7, can in the radial gap 14 Uncleaned exhaust gas enter and collect there. In the case of regeneration, there is an easily flammable one Soot particle stock available.
  • the inflow-side sealing elements 4 have a length 16 on, which is greater than the depth 17 of the recess 12.
  • a soot filter is shown, in which in the peripheral surface 18 of the filter body la four in the circumferential direction spaced grooves 19 are recessed, which are in the axial direction 22 and extend in the end face 7 of the filter body 1a discharge.
  • the glow part 10 of a glow plug can be arranged in different directions, that is in the radial direction 20, in the oblique direction 21 or in the axial direction 22.
  • the grooves 19 and also the holes Recesses 12 can be made, for example, by drilling or Milling be introduced with hardened filter body 1.1a. It is conceivable that the glow part 10 itself cutting edges has, so that the glow plug 9 itself as a drilling tool can serve.
  • the holes or grooves can also be in the filter body 1.1a be molded. Even in the embodiment 4, the input-side sealing elements 4 a length 16 which is greater than that in the axial direction 22nd measured depth 17 of the groove 19.
  • FIG. 8 A soot filter is cut out and simplified in FIG shown, in which the separating element 29 is a wire mesh, a wire mesh or a comparable structure is that the glow member 10 is cap-shaped and tight whose peripheral surface 30 rests.
  • the separating element 29 is in the assembled state according to Fig. 8 approximately pot-shaped and lies with a contact surface 32 preferably on the counter to the flow direction 6 facing end face 7 of the filter body 1c on.
  • the glow plug 9 is a helical spring comprising the glow part 10 35 arranged. This configuration ensures that in the event of a warming-up of the Glow part 10 from the end face 7, the separator element 29 continues to touch the end face 7, so that during regeneration the heat conduction between the glow element 10 and the filter body 1 is guaranteed.
  • soot particles accumulate in the separating element.
  • Whose Form circumferential surface 36 and its end face 33 an inflow surface acted upon by the unpurified exhaust gas. in the Separating element 29 quickly accumulates soot particles, which facilitates the initial spark mentioned above.
  • weaker glow plugs Because of the lower energy requirement for the initial ignition it is possible to use weaker glow plugs accordingly use smaller volume.
  • a lower glow plug volume significantly lower flow resistance and ultimately lower fuel consumption. Due to the elastic properties of the separating element 29 are the Axial position of the glow plug 9 and the filter body 1c influencing Manufacturing and assembly tolerances balanced.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 9 virtually represents a combination between the embodiment of FIG. 1 and that according to FIG. 8.
  • a example of good thermal conductivity Wire mesh existing separating element 29a is here in a recess 12a arranged.
  • the separating element 29a comprises the area of the protruding into the recess 12a Glow part 10. This configuration makes the contact surface between separating element 29a and filter body 1d enlarged. At the heat exchange, both the bottom surface 37 and also the side surface 38 of the recess 12a.
  • FIG. 10 corresponds in large and all according to Fig. 9. However, here is the glow part 10a pulled out to a tip 39 at its free end. Through this Design is easier assembly.
  • the recess 12b in the filter body le is first with a suitable that Separation element 29b forming material, such as a wire mesh essentially completely filled out.
  • the glow plug 9 is then with its tip-shaped glow part 10a in the Separation element 29b pressed in, where this mainly displaced to the outside while being compressed.
  • the inner cross-sectional area at least the channels (3) and the glow part (10) of the glow plug (9) can be dimensioned in such a way that the glow part be arranged inside the channel (3) can.
  • the channel (2) forms the above-mentioned recess in the filter body.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
EP00128343A 1999-12-30 2000-12-22 Filtre à suie pour véhicules diesel Withdrawn EP1113154A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19963784 1999-12-30
DE19963784 1999-12-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1113154A2 true EP1113154A2 (fr) 2001-07-04
EP1113154A3 EP1113154A3 (fr) 2003-12-03

Family

ID=7935002

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00128343A Withdrawn EP1113154A3 (fr) 1999-12-30 2000-12-22 Filtre à suie pour véhicules diesel

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1113154A3 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1164265A2 (fr) * 2000-06-16 2001-12-19 Faurecia Abgastechnik GmbH Filtre à suie pour le gaz d'échappement d'un moteur diesel
US7291197B2 (en) 2004-07-29 2007-11-06 Caterpillar Inc. Particulate trap filter element
DE102006059966A1 (de) * 2006-12-19 2008-06-26 GM Global Technology Operations, Inc., Detroit Partikelfilter

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4456457A (en) * 1981-04-28 1984-06-26 Nippon Soken, Inc. Exhaust gas cleaning device for diesel engine
US4523935A (en) * 1981-08-03 1985-06-18 Nippon Soken, Inc. Electrical heater retained in a porous ceramic structure
US4662911A (en) * 1982-03-18 1987-05-05 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Equipment for trapping particulates in engine exhaust gas
JPS62126218A (ja) * 1985-11-25 1987-06-08 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 排ガスフイルタ
EP0233860A2 (fr) * 1986-02-19 1987-08-26 BÖHLER Gesellschaft m.b.H. Dispositif d'épuration de gaz d'échappement
JPS62298615A (ja) * 1986-06-18 1987-12-25 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd デイ−ゼル排ガス浄化装置
US4872889A (en) * 1987-04-11 1989-10-10 Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh & Co., Kg Filter system for the removal of engine emission particulates
JPH0633739A (ja) * 1992-07-14 1994-02-08 Toyota Autom Loom Works Ltd 排気ガス浄化装置

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4456457A (en) * 1981-04-28 1984-06-26 Nippon Soken, Inc. Exhaust gas cleaning device for diesel engine
US4523935A (en) * 1981-08-03 1985-06-18 Nippon Soken, Inc. Electrical heater retained in a porous ceramic structure
US4662911A (en) * 1982-03-18 1987-05-05 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Equipment for trapping particulates in engine exhaust gas
JPS62126218A (ja) * 1985-11-25 1987-06-08 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 排ガスフイルタ
EP0233860A2 (fr) * 1986-02-19 1987-08-26 BÖHLER Gesellschaft m.b.H. Dispositif d'épuration de gaz d'échappement
JPS62298615A (ja) * 1986-06-18 1987-12-25 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd デイ−ゼル排ガス浄化装置
US4872889A (en) * 1987-04-11 1989-10-10 Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh & Co., Kg Filter system for the removal of engine emission particulates
JPH0633739A (ja) * 1992-07-14 1994-02-08 Toyota Autom Loom Works Ltd 排気ガス浄化装置

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 011, no. 347 (M-641), 13. November 1987 (1987-11-13) & JP 62 126218 A (MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC IND CO LTD), 8. Juni 1987 (1987-06-08) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 012, no. 190 (M-704), 3. Juni 1988 (1988-06-03) & JP 62 298615 A (MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC IND CO LTD), 25. Dezember 1987 (1987-12-25) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 018, no. 249 (M-1604), 12. Mai 1994 (1994-05-12) & JP 06 033739 A (TOYOTA AUTOM LOOM WORKS LTD), 8. Februar 1994 (1994-02-08) *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1164265A2 (fr) * 2000-06-16 2001-12-19 Faurecia Abgastechnik GmbH Filtre à suie pour le gaz d'échappement d'un moteur diesel
EP1164265A3 (fr) * 2000-06-16 2002-03-06 Faurecia Abgastechnik GmbH Filtre à suie pour le gaz d'échappement d'un moteur diesel
US7291197B2 (en) 2004-07-29 2007-11-06 Caterpillar Inc. Particulate trap filter element
DE102006059966A1 (de) * 2006-12-19 2008-06-26 GM Global Technology Operations, Inc., Detroit Partikelfilter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1113154A3 (fr) 2003-12-03

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