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EP0206280A2 - Nebelschmierungsverfahren und Zusammensetzung dafür - Google Patents

Nebelschmierungsverfahren und Zusammensetzung dafür Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0206280A2
EP0206280A2 EP86108427A EP86108427A EP0206280A2 EP 0206280 A2 EP0206280 A2 EP 0206280A2 EP 86108427 A EP86108427 A EP 86108427A EP 86108427 A EP86108427 A EP 86108427A EP 0206280 A2 EP0206280 A2 EP 0206280A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mist
acid
oil
aliphatic
molecular weight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86108427A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0206280B1 (de
EP0206280A3 (en
Inventor
Eugene R. Zehler
Clark J. Flake
Bruce J. Beimesch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Henkel Corp
Original Assignee
Henkel Corp
National Distillers and Chemical Corp
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Priority claimed from US06/747,462 external-priority patent/US4601840A/en
Priority claimed from US06/747,463 external-priority patent/US4589990A/en
Application filed by Henkel Corp, National Distillers and Chemical Corp filed Critical Henkel Corp
Publication of EP0206280A2 publication Critical patent/EP0206280A2/de
Publication of EP0206280A3 publication Critical patent/EP0206280A3/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/041—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being macromolecular compounds only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
    • C10M107/02—Hydrocarbon polymers; Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/026—Butene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/026—Butene
    • C10M2205/0265—Butene used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
    • C10M2207/2825—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/2835—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/284—Esters of aromatic monocarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/285—Esters of aromatic polycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/285—Esters of aromatic polycarboxylic acids
    • C10M2207/2855—Esters of aromatic polycarboxylic acids used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/286—Esters of polymerised unsaturated acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/34—Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/32—Wires, ropes or cables lubricants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/34—Lubricating-sealants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/36—Release agents or mold release agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/38—Conveyors or chain belts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/40—Generators or electric motors in oil or gas winning field
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/42—Flashing oils or marking oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/44—Super vacuum or supercritical use
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/50—Medical uses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/015—Dispersions of solid lubricants
    • C10N2050/02—Dispersions of solid lubricants dissolved or suspended in a carrier which subsequently evaporates to leave a lubricant coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/04—Aerosols

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved mist lubricant process and composition whereby excellent lubrication and misting properties are obtained utilizing specific synthetic esters with a mixture of polyisobutylene polymers having different molecular weights.
  • Synthetic esters employed for the compositions are polyol esters, trimellitate esters, and polymeric fatty acid esters.
  • Mist oil lubrication is particularly useful when the point or area to be lubricated is not readily or safely accessible.
  • Oil mists are extensively utilized for lubrication of equipment used in steel processing operations. It has been found to be a particularly effective form of lubrication for the bearings of hot roll mills and results in more efficient lubricant utilization and prolonged bearing life. The extended bearing life is generally believed to be the result of (1) more uniform lubricant distribution, (2) lower bearing temperatures, and (3) elimination of contaminants--these latter two benefits being the direct result of the positive air flow associated with the application of the mist to the bearing.
  • oils In addition to having acceptable lubrication properties, to be suitable for mist lubrication the oils must also have acceptable mist characteristics.
  • High molecular weight polymers such as polybutenes, polyisobutylenes, polyacrylates, and ethylene-propylene copolymers, are added to the base oil to develop proper mist characteristics.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,510,425 discloses a mist lubrication process utilizing mineral oil compositions useful as mist oils which contain 0.05 to 3.5 weight percent of a polyester. Polyesters which are useful for the formulation of the mist oils.have number average molecular weights from 80,000 to 150.000.and are derived from esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid and C 12-12 alkyl monohydric alcohols.
  • a process of micro-fog lubrications utilizing mineral lubricating oils containing a minor proportion of a polymeric additive having a number average molecular weight of at least 10,000 is also disclosed in British Patent Specification 1,099,450.
  • the polymeric additives are products which are normally used as VI improvers in motor oils and especially those having low shear stability. Copolymers of vinyl acetate, alkyl fumarate esters and N-vinyl pyrrolidone having number average molecular weights of at least 100,000 are indicated to be particularly useful additives for the process.
  • U .S. Patent No. 3,805,918 discloses a process whereby undesirable stray mist in mist oil lubrication is reduced to low levels by using mist oils containing from 0.001 to 2 weight percent of an oil-soluble polyolefin mist suppressant.
  • Oil-soluble copolymers of ethylene and C 3-12 mono-olefins and having average molecular weights greater than 5,000 are particularly useful additives.
  • hydrocarbon base oils such as alkyl, aryl, and alkaryl phosphate esters, alkyl benzenes, polyoxyalkylene esters or glycols, ortho silicates and siloxanes and also indicated to be useful for the formulation of mist oil compositions employed for the process.
  • Butene polymers are also utilized to obtain other lubricant compositions.
  • lubricant fluids and greases derived from either mineral or synthetic oils and containing a polymer of butene-1 having a molecular weight in the range 10,000 to 20,000 are disclosed.
  • Various synthetic esters derived from mono- and/or dibasic acids and mon- or polyfunctional alcohols are disclosed as being useful for the preparation of these lubricants.
  • the polybutene-1 can be utilized in an amount from about 0.5 to 12 weight percent.
  • Conventional grease thickeners, such as salts and soaps of fatty acids may also be present in the composition.
  • Synthetic lubricants with good shear stability and cold temperature fluidity containing 10% to 95% diester with 90% to 5% of a polymer of butene are described in U.S. Patent No. 3,860,522.
  • the diesters are obtained from branched-chain dicarboxylic acids having from 16 to 22 carbon atoms and aliphatic alcohols having fewer than 6 carbon atoms and aliphatic alcohols having fewer than 6 carbon atoms.
  • the butene polymers have molecular weights from about 1,200 to 4,500. Neither of the above compositions, however, is utilized for oil mist applications.
  • an improved lubricant composition is provided.
  • the composition is comprised of (1) 45 to 95 parts by weight synthetic ester selected from the group consisting of (a) polyol esters derived from an aliphatic polyol having from 2 to 8 hydroxyl groups and 3 to 12 carbon atoms and an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid or mixture of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having from 5 to 20 carbon atoms; (b) trimellitate esters derived from trimellitic acid or trimellitic anhydride and an aliphatic alcohol having from 8 to 16 carbon atoms; and (c) polymeric fatty acid esters derived from a polymeric fatty acid containing 75% or more C 36 dimer acid and a C 1-13 mono-functional alcohol; (2) 8 to 40 parts by weight, on a 100 percent polymer basis, polyisobutylene having an average molecular weight from 4,000 to 10,000; and (3) 0.1 to 1 part by weight, on a 100% polymer basis, polyisobutylene having an
  • a lubrication process is provided.
  • a mist of a lubricant is generated in air at a pressure of about 10 to 100 psig, pneumatically transported to a metal surface to be lubricated, coalesced into larger droplets and deposited on said metal surface to provide a lubricating film thereon, the improvement comprises utilizing the composition of this invention recited above.
  • mist oil compositions have a viscosity of 175 to 550 centistokes at 40°C and contain 55 to 85 parts by weight synthetic ester, 12 to 30 parts by weight polyisobutylene having a weight average molecular weight of 4,500 to 8,500, and 0.25 to 0.85 part by weight polyisobutylene having an average molecular weight from 50,000 to 200,000.
  • Minor amounts of petroleum diluent(s) and effective amounts of conventional lubricant additives may also be present.
  • the improved mist lubricant compositions of the present invention are obtained by combining specific synthetic esters of relatively high viscosity with a first polyisobutylene polymer of relatively low molecular weight and a second polyisobutylene polymer having a significantly higher average molecular weight than said first polyisobutylene.
  • the ester and polyisobutylene polymers are employed in specified ratios in order to achieve the desired balance of mist characteristics and lubricating properties.
  • the present lubricant compositions can be employed in conventional mist lubrication systems known to the art but find particular advantage for the lubrication of roll bearings in hot strip mills.
  • mist lubrication and mist lubrication processes including operating conditions therefor are well known. Numerous mist lubrication systems are detailed in the literature. In general terms, mist lubrication involves generating an oil mist, also sometimes referred to as a micro-fog or aerosol, and pneumatically transporting said mist in air or other inert gas to the point(s) requiring lubrication. The mist is passed through a reclassifier, an orifice which causes the very small oil droplets to coalesce or condense into larger droplets, before being directed onto the object being lubricated.
  • mist lubrication involves generating an oil mist, also sometimes referred to as a micro-fog or aerosol, and pneumatically transporting said mist in air or other inert gas to the point(s) requiring lubrication.
  • the mist is passed through a reclassifier, an orifice which causes the very small oil droplets to coalesce or condense into larger drop
  • Mist generators are used to form the oil mists.
  • these generators consist of a reservoir for the lubricant which is connected to a venturi by means of an oil lift (siphon) tube.
  • compressed gas usually air
  • air is passed through the venturi the lubricant is drawn from the reservoir and, as it is intimately mixed with the air, formed into droplets.
  • the air/droplet mixture is then contacted in the generator with a baffle which causes the larger droplets to condense and the condensate is returned to the oil reservoir.
  • the smaller oil droplets generally having diameters of 3 microns or less, remain dispersed in the air and are pneumatically transported through manifold distribution lines to the point of lubrication.
  • the amount and nature of the mist formed can be varied by changing the temperature of the air and the air pressure (velocity). Pressures between 10 psig are employed. Air temperature will generally range from 100°F to 225°F. It is especially advantageous if the air temperature is maintained between 125°F and 200°F.
  • the distribution system is designed to carry the oil/air dispersion to the point of lubrication with minimal condensation. Accordingly, the length of the lines should not be too long and care must be exercised in its design. For example, the number of bends in the line should be kept to a minimum and sharp bends should be avoided. Also, there should be no low points in the line where condensate can collect and create a blockage. Distribution lines are generally sloped, either toward the generator or toward the point of lubrication, to avoid collection of condensate. Drain legs are provided as necessary. Auxiliary lines generally come off of the top of the main distribution line. In general, the design requirements for the auxiliary lines are the same as for the main manifold or header.
  • the oil/air dispersion is passed through a reclassifier (orifice) to convert (coalesce) the small oil droplets into larger droplets and increase the velocity of the oil/air dispersion--both of which insure maximum wetting of the surface to be lubricated.
  • a reclassifier orifice
  • the size and type of the reclassifier will vary depending on the particular application involved and the oil/air dispersion characteristics.
  • Throughput The amount of lubricant which is processed, i.e., misted, is referred to as "throughput.” Throughput is expressed as a unit of weight or volume per unit of time, e.g., grams/hour, and if further broken down into the following three components: (a) dropout, (b) reclassified oil, and. (c) stray mist. Dropout is the amount of mist which is condensed in the lines and never reaches the reclassifier. Mist which is condensed in the distribution lines may be returned to the mist generator and remisted. Reclassified oil is the actual amount of lubricant which is applied to the surface being lubricated.
  • stray mist Mist which is not applied to the surface being lubricated but rather escapes into the atmosphere is referred to as stray mist or stray fog. Since throughput is equal to (a) + (b) + (c), stray mist is obtained by determining the difference between the throughput and the sum of (a) and (b). Dropout, reclassified oil, and stray mist are often reported as a percent of throughput or can be represented as a ratio.
  • mist components may render a particular mist oil system unuseable or uneconomical.
  • excessive amounts of line condensate (dropout) or excessive amounts of stray mist can result in inadequate delivery of lubricant at the point of lubrication.
  • Stray mist is particularly troublesome since this is lubricant which is lost. This not only creates a hardship from an economic standpoint but it also can create a potential health and safety hazard.
  • the distribution of mist components (a), (b) and (c) must be taken into consideration along with the throughput.
  • acceptable lubrication must be obtained in order to have an acceptable oil mist system.
  • mist oil in addition to having good mist properties, also exhibit good lubricity, oxidation stability, antiwear and extreme pressure properties, antirust/anticorrosion properties, and possibly other characteristics dependent upon the particular application involved.
  • the lubricant must also be essentially free from undesirable waxes. Waxes can build up in the reclassifier heads and cause restriction or complete blockage thereof. In either event, insufficient lubricant will be delivered at the point of lubrication and, in the case of bearings, will shorten the life of the bearing.
  • the lubricant must also exhibit good wettability or spreadability on the surface(s) to which it is applied.
  • mist oil composition and lubrication process of this invention With the mist oil composition and lubrication process of this invention, effective amounts of oil mist are readily produced while obtaining good oil mist distribution, i.e., low stray mist and low line condensate. Also, high throughputs are possible over a wide range of operating temperatures and pressures and undesirable wax deposits are minimized, and in most cases, completely eliminated. Additionally, and quite unexpectedly, the mist oil compositions of this invention exhibit improved wettability and spreadability so that when misted and used to lubricate rolling mill bearings, a uniform continuous film of lubricant is deposited on the bearing and roll neck.
  • mist lubricant composition and process of this invention which utilize a synthetic ester and a mixture of two polyisobutylene polymers having different average molecular weights.
  • Synthetic esters used for the invention are relatively high viscosity polyol esters, trimellitate esters, or polymeric fatty acid esters. These esters have 40°C viscosities in the range 25 to 300 centistokes.
  • Particularly advantageous mist oil compositions are obtained when the viscosity (40°C) of the synthetic ester is between 50 and 250 centistokes.
  • Polyol esters which can be used are derived from aliphatic polyols having from 3 to 12 carbon atoms and 2 to 8 hydroxyl groups. More generally, the polyol will contain 5 to 8 carbon atoms and 2 to 4 hydroxyl groups.
  • Illustrative aliphatic polyols of the above types include neopentyl glycol, 2,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxypropyl-2,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxypropionate, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,5-pentanediol, trimethylolethane,trimethylolpropane, glycerol, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythrito, tripentaerythritol or the like.
  • Illustrative aliphatic monocarboxylic acids include valeric acid, isovaleric acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, isopalmitic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, ricinoleic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and mixtures thereof.
  • Mixed acids derived from coconut oil, lard oil, tall oil, safflower oil, corn oil, tallow, soybean oil, palm oil, castor oil, rapeseed oil, and the like may also be utilized.
  • Polyol esters obtained from the esterification of trimethylolpropane with C12-18 alphatic monocarboxylic acids or mixtures thereof, such as trimethylolpropane trioleate and trimethylolpropane triisostearate, are particularly useful for the preparation of the present mist oil compositions.
  • the polyol esters typically have acid values less than 15 and hydroxyl values less than 100. More usually, acid and hydroxyl values of the polyol ester will be less than 8 and less than 25, respectively.
  • trimellitate esters are obtained from trimellitic acid or trimellitic anhydride and aliphatic mono- functional alcohols having from 8 to 16 carbon atoms.
  • Trimellitic acid and trimellitic anhydride are, of course, well known chemical products as are methods for their preparation.
  • the aliphatic alcohols may be a straight-chain or branched primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohols.
  • Illustrative alcohols include n-octyl alcohol, capryl alcohol, isooctanol, 2-ethylhexanol, decyl alcohol, isotridecyl and isodecyl alcohols, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, and the like.
  • trimellitate esters are derived from C10-13 aliphatic alcohols or alcohol mixtures. Isodecyl trimellitate, isotridecyl trimellitate and mixtures thereof, i.e. isodecyl/isotridecyl trimellitate, are particularly useful esters of.this type. Acid values of these esters are generally less than 15 and, more preferably, less than 5. Hydroxyl values are typically less than 10 and, more preferably, less than 3.
  • the polymeric fatty acid esters are derived from polymeric fatty acids containing 75 percent or more C 36 dimer acid and C l-13 mono-functional alcohols.
  • Polymeric fatty acids are known as are methods for their manufacture. They are obtained by the polymerization of olefinically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids containing from about 16 to 20 carbon atoms, such as oleic acid, linoleic acid and the like. Processes for their production typically include: Treatment of unsaturated fatty acid with acid catalysts such as HF, BP 3 , and the like; thermal polymerization of unsaturated fatty acids conducted in the presence or absence of treated or untreated clay catalysts; and treatment of unsaturated fatty acids with peroxides.
  • acid catalysts such as HF, BP 3 , and the like
  • thermal polymerization of unsaturated fatty acids conducted in the presence or absence of treated or untreated clay catalysts
  • treatment of unsaturated fatty acids with peroxides are examples of unsaturated fatty
  • polymeric fatty acids from the polymerization of unsaturated fatty acids are primarily comprised of dimer and trimer acids; however, there may also be present in the mixture some higher acids and unreacted monomer.
  • C 36 polymeric fatty acids re obtained by the polymerization of C 18 unsaturated monocarboxylic acids, such as oleic acid and linoleic acid or mixtures thereof (e.g., tall oil fatty acids).
  • These polymeric fatty acid products have as their principal components C 36 dimer and CS4 trimer acids. Excellent results are obtained with acids of this type which contain 75% by weight or more and C 36 dimer acid, the remainder of-the product consisting essentially of C54 trimer.
  • High dimer content polymeric fatty acids containing substantially reduced amounts of higher polymer acids and unreacted unsaturated monocarboxylic acid can be obtained by molecular distillation or by the use of other highly efficient distillation procedures.
  • the polymeric fatty acid may also be hydrogenated prior to use.
  • Polymeric fatty acid products of this type are commercially available compositions sold under the trademark Empol Dimer Acids.
  • Useful alcohols for the preparation of the polymeric fatty acid esters are aliphatic branched- or straight-chain, mon-functional alcohols having from 1 to 13 carbons.
  • Representative mono-alcohol isobutyl alcohol, isoamyl alcohol, neopentyl alcohol, n-hexyl alcohol, n-octyl alcohol, 2-ethylhexanol, decyl alcohol, isodecyl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, and the like.
  • Minor amounts of polyfunctional alcohols such as ethylene glycol, 1,2- or 1,3-propanediol, 1,3- 1,4- or 2,3-butanediol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, and the like may also be present with the monofunctional alcohol(s).
  • polyfunctional alcohols such as ethylene glycol, 1,2- or 1,3-propanediol, 1,3- 1,4- or 2,3-butanediol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, tri
  • polymeric fatty acid esters are obtained from polymeric fatty acids containing 85% or more C 36 dimer acid and C8-10 aliphatic mono alcohols. Diisodecyl dimerate and di-2-ethylhexyl dimerate are especially advantageous.
  • the polymeric fatty acid esters generally have acid values less than 100 and, more usually, less than 10. Hydroxyl values are generally less than 10 and, more preferably, less than 3.
  • a mixture of isobutylene polymers of different average molecular weights are necessarily employed with the above-identified.synthetic esters to obtain the present improved mist oil.compositions.
  • two polyisobutylenes are utilized--the first, referred to herein as the low molecular weight polyisobutylene, has an average molecular weight from 4,000 to 10,000, and the second, referred to herein as the high molecular weight polyisobutylene, has an average molecular weight from 25,000 to 300,000.
  • Molecular weights referred to herein are weight average molecular weights ( M w ). Small amounts of other butylene polymers not falling within the above-identified molecular weight ranges may also be present.
  • mist oil compositions of this invention are obtained when the low molecular weight polyisobutylene has an average molecular weight of 4,500 to 8,500 and the high molecular weight polyisobutylene has an average molecular weight of 50,000 to 200,000.
  • the isobutylene polymers essentially conform to the formula where x is an integer representing the number of repeating units. Polymers of the above types are known widely utilized throughout the industry. They are obtained by polymerizing isobutylene feeds which usually contain minor amounts of butene-1 and/or butene-2. When the term polyisobutylene or isobutylene polymer is used herein, it is intended to encompass the aforementioned types of polymers.
  • the isobutylene polymers are obtained using known conventional polymerization techniques.
  • the polymerization may be carried out in an inert hydrocarbon in which case a polymer solution containing from about 30 to 80 percent polyisobutylene will be obtained. If desired, diluent may also be added to the polymer when the polymerization is complete.
  • Isobutylene polymer solutions may be utilized in the formulation of the improved mist oils of the invention. This can facilitate handling and blending of the polyisobutylene with the synthetic ester. All parts and percentages recited herein for the polyisobutylenes are, however, calculated on a 100% polymer basis. Inert hydrocarbon present in the mist oil composition as a result of the use of an isobutylene polymer solution does not detract from the overall misting and lubrication characteristics of the products.
  • the composition and process of this invention 45 to 95 parts by weight synthetic ester is combined with 8 to 40 parts by weight, on a 100 percent polymer basis, low molecular weight polyisobutylene and 0.1 and 1 part by weight, on a 100 percent polymer basis, high molecular weight polyisobutylene. More preferably, the mist oil compositions contain 55 to 85 parts sythetic ester, 12 to 30 parts by weight low molecular weight polyisobutylene and 0.25 to 0.85 part by weight high molecular weight polyisobutylene.
  • mist oil lubricant s having ISO grades of 220, 320, and 460, the grades most widely used in the industry for lubrication of hot strip mill bearings, nd exhibiting excellent mist and lubrication characteristics are obtained by combining 63 to 78 parts di-2-ethylhexyldimerate (40° viscosity 91 centistokes; viscosity index 155; pour point -50°F; acid value ⁇ 3; and hydroxyl value ⁇ 2), 14 to 28 parts polyisobutylene having a number average molecular weight of about 7,500-7,600) and 0.33 to 0.66 part polyisobutylene having a number average molecular weight of about 89,000-90,000).
  • Compositions and typical characteristics of 220, 320, and 460 ISO grade products formulated with appropriate levels of additives are as follows:
  • additives is commonly included in the finished mist oil formulation.
  • Conventional additives may be employed and typically include antioxidants, antiwear/EP agents, rust and corrosion inhibitors, metal deactivators, foam inhibitors, demulsifiers, and the like.
  • Many of these additives can have overlapping functions, i.e., be multifunctional.
  • certain additives may impart both antiwear and extreme pressure properties or function both as a metal deactivator and a corrosion inhibitor. Cumulatively, these additives typically do not exceed 8 percent and, more usually 5 percent, of the total formulation.
  • an antiwear agent and 1 to 2 parts of an extreme pressure (EP) agent are included in the mist oil.
  • agents of these types include: sulfurized fatty acid esters, such as sulfurized isooctyl tallate; sulfurized terpenes; sulfurized olefins; organopolysulfides; organophosphorous derivatives including amine phosphates, alkyl acid phosphates, dialkyl phosphates, aminedithiophosphates, trialkyl or triaryl phosphorothionates, trialkyl and triaryl phosphines, dialkyl phosphites, e.g., triphenyl phosphate, trinaphthyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, diphenyl cresyl or dicresyl phenyl phosphate, naphthyl diphenyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphorothionate; dithi
  • Metal deactivators (passivators) and rust/corrosion inhibitors include dibasic acids, such as azelaic acid; propyl gallate; quinolines; quinones and anthraquinones; benzotriazole derivatives, such as tolyltriazole; benzoquanamine; aminoindazole; metal alkyl sulfonates, such as barium dinonyl naphthalene sulfonate; ester and amide derivatives of alkenyl succinic anhydrides (or acids); and the like. From 0.02 to 0.2 parts additives of these types are generally used.
  • an antifoam agent can also be present including silicone oils, acrylates and other conventional products known to suppress foaming. Also, it may be advantageous to include a small amount, usually 0.001 to 0.05 part, of a demulsifying agent.
  • demulsifiers can be employed for this purpose, such as metal alkyl sulfonates, alkylated phenols, alkoxylated alkylphenols, monohydric alcohols, alkylene glycols, and the like.
  • additive packages which are available from additive manufacturers. These are sold under various trademarks and tradenames, such as “Elco 345,” “Hitec 323,” “Lubrizol 5034,” and the like. These additive packages typically impart good oxidation stability, antiwear and extreme pressure properties to the formulated fluid. When the additive package is utilized in low concentrations, however, it may be necessary to add additional corrosion inhibitor and defoamant.
  • lubricant compositions of the present invention are particularly well suited for use in mist oil systems, due to their superior mist characteristics, they may also be utilized for conventional lubrication of helical gears, amboid or.hypoid gears, spiral bevel and pinion gears and for tapered bearings or the like. They can be utilized in both open and closed gear boxes including transmission cases, torgue converters, and in common journal designs. They are also useful for the lubrication of chains, pulleys, and wire ropes.
  • a mist lubricant was prepared by blending 63.1 parts di-2-ethylhexyl dimerate (40°C viscosity 91 centistokes; viscosity index 155; pour point -50°F; acid value ⁇ 3, and hydroxyl value ⁇ 2) with 27.5 parts isobutylene polymer of M w 7573 and 0.33 part isobutylene polymer of M w 89,793.
  • the blending was carried out at 90°C and the polyisobutylenes were dissolved in inert hydrocarbons before combining with the ester.
  • the resulting blend was cooled to approximately 60°C and 3.5 parts of a commercial ashless multipurpose gear oil additive (Elco® 345) added with agitation.
  • the mist lubricant (ISO grade 460) had the following properties:
  • mist oil was used in a hot strip mill to lubricate bearings (19 inch I.D. double roller type) on the rolls of the rotary forger. Mists were generated using commercial mist generators having a sum of 2-3 gallons. The sum oil was heated to approximately 100°F. Mist was drawn from the generator by 2i inch lines and transported through the manifold to the reclassifiers. Conventional reclassifier heads containing 9 or 15 0.067 holes were employed. The synthetic ester lubricant exhibited good misting properties and no restriction or clogging of the reclassifier heads was noted. Additionally, superior lubrication was obtained.
  • mist oil formulation based on di-2-ethylhexyl dimerate and isobutylene polymers within the prescribed molecular weight range was prepared and compared with formulations prepared using a polyisobutylene outside the specified molecular weight range.
  • Each of the oils was also formulated to the same viscosity, i.e., ISO grade 460.
  • the mist oil formulations were as follows:
  • a lubricant composition was formulated in accordance with the following recipe:
  • the mist oil composition had the following properties:
  • the lubricant was an effective mist oil suitable for the lubrication of bearings.
  • An effective mist oil having comparable properties is obtained when the formulation is prepared substituting 2 parts sulfurized isooctyl tallate, 1 part phenyl ⁇ -naphthylamine, 1 part tricresylphosphate, .05 part benzotriazole, .05 part dodecenylsuccenate half ester of ethylene glycol, .005 part Dow DC-200 polydimethylsiloxane, and 0.1 part propylene glycol for the commercial additive package.
  • An ISO 320 mist oil composition was obtained by blending the following ingredients:
  • an IS O 460 mist lubricant was prepared using a blend of isotridecyl and isodecyl trimellitate.
  • the mist oil composition was formulated in accordance with the usual procedure as follows: (40°C viscosity 250 centistokes; acid value 0.02; hydroxyl value 1.8; pour point -20°F).
  • the product exhibited good lubrication properties and is an effective lubricant for bearings.
  • a mist oil composition based on trimethylolpropane triisostearate (40°C viscosity 90 centistokes; acid value 5; hydroxyl value 10; pour point -15°F) was formulated as follows:.
  • the above-prepared lubricant composition had a 40°C viscosity of 459 centistokes and 175° mist characteristics were as follows:
  • Comparable mist and lubrication properties are obtained when the commercial additive is replaced with 4 parts antimony dialkyldithiocarbamate, 1 pare tricresylphosphate, and 1 part barium dinonylnaphthalene sulfonate.
  • An ISO 460 mist oil was prepared by blending 56.5 parts trimethylolpropane trioleate (40°C viscosity 228 centistokes; acid value 4; hydroxyl value 4; pour point -5 0 ° F ) with 33.0 parts polyisobutylene ( M w 7573) and 0.40 part polyisobutylene (M 89,793). 3.5 Parts of commercial "universal" additive package were also included in the formulation. The resulting blend had a 40°C viscosity of 454 centistokes and exhibited superior lubrication and misting characteristics. Mist characteristics (175°F) were as follows:
  • the product is effective for the lubrication of roll bearings in hot strip mills. There was no evidence of wax buildup after extended periods of operation and visual inspection of the roll neck and bearing surfaces indicated good spreadability of the lubricant.
  • compositions were prepared using varying levels of the high and low molecular weight polyisobutylenes. Compositions were as follows:
  • a mist lubricant was prepared following the general procedure of Example I except that the high molecular weight polyisobutylene used had an average molecular weight of 77,284. .To obtain the composition, 63.1 parts di-2-ethylhexyl dimerate was blended with 27.5 parts polyisobutylene (M w 7573) and 0.39 part of the high molecular weight isobutylene polymer. A commercially available "universal" additive package was also included in the blend at a 3.5 parts level. The resulting mist lubricant had a viscosity (40°C) of 464 centistokes. Mist characteristics determined at 175°F were as follows:
  • the product had lubrication properties comparable to the product of Example I and is effective for the mist lubrication of hot roll mill and other bearings.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
EP86108427A 1985-06-21 1986-06-20 Nebelschmierungsverfahren und Zusammensetzung dafür Expired - Lifetime EP0206280B1 (de)

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US06/747,462 US4601840A (en) 1985-06-21 1985-06-21 Mist lubrication process
US747462 1985-06-21
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Cited By (2)

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US6465400B1 (en) 1998-12-25 2002-10-15 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Lubricating oil composition for high-temperature use
CN116376619A (zh) * 2023-03-20 2023-07-04 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 一种凹凸棒石基润滑油减摩抗磨添加剂的制备方法

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JP4937545B2 (ja) * 2005-08-08 2012-05-23 協同油脂株式会社 金属加工用油剤組成物、金属加工方法及び金属加工品
WO2007114260A1 (ja) * 2006-03-31 2007-10-11 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. 内燃機関用潤滑油組成物
JP4933165B2 (ja) * 2006-06-23 2012-05-16 住友軽金属工業株式会社 アルミニウムろう付け用フラックス入りワイヤー用の伸線加工潤滑油、及びそれを用いたアルミニウムろう付け用フラックス入りワイヤーの伸線加工方法
DE102014018718A1 (de) * 2014-12-17 2016-06-23 Klüber Lubrication München Se & Co. Kg Hochtemperaturschmierstoffe
DE102014018719A1 (de) * 2014-12-17 2016-06-23 Klüber Lubrication München Se & Co. Kg Hochtemperaturschmierstoff für die Lebensmittelindustrie
KR102016430B1 (ko) * 2019-02-28 2019-08-30 그린루브 주식회사 그리스 첨가제 제조방법

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FR2187892A2 (en) * 1972-06-02 1974-01-18 Inst Francais Du Petrole Lubrication of 2-stroke engines - with a base lubricant contg polyester and anti-siezing components
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FR2346440A1 (fr) * 1976-04-01 1977-10-28 Mobil Oil Lubrifiant pour le travail du metal contenant un agent de limitation du brouillard d'huile
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US6465400B1 (en) 1998-12-25 2002-10-15 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Lubricating oil composition for high-temperature use
USRE39382E1 (en) * 1998-12-25 2006-11-07 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Lubricating oil composition for high-temperature use
CN116376619A (zh) * 2023-03-20 2023-07-04 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 一种凹凸棒石基润滑油减摩抗磨添加剂的制备方法

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EP0206280B1 (de) 1990-08-29
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BR8602881A (pt) 1987-02-17
ES556225A0 (es) 1988-05-01
ES8802247A1 (es) 1988-05-01
DE3673701D1 (de) 1990-10-04
JPH0768536B2 (ja) 1995-07-26
EP0206280A3 (en) 1987-10-14
MX165970B (es) 1992-12-15
AU5874786A (en) 1986-12-24
JPS61296091A (ja) 1986-12-26

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