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EP0099000B1 - Machine à piston ayant des cylindres en étoile - Google Patents

Machine à piston ayant des cylindres en étoile Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0099000B1
EP0099000B1 EP83106082A EP83106082A EP0099000B1 EP 0099000 B1 EP0099000 B1 EP 0099000B1 EP 83106082 A EP83106082 A EP 83106082A EP 83106082 A EP83106082 A EP 83106082A EP 0099000 B1 EP0099000 B1 EP 0099000B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
channels
suction
piston machine
machine
cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83106082A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0099000A3 (en
EP0099000A2 (fr
Inventor
Guido Oberdorfer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WAP Reinigungssysteme GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
WAP Reinigungssysteme GmbH and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by WAP Reinigungssysteme GmbH and Co filed Critical WAP Reinigungssysteme GmbH and Co
Priority to AT83106082T priority Critical patent/ATE39166T1/de
Publication of EP0099000A2 publication Critical patent/EP0099000A2/fr
Publication of EP0099000A3 publication Critical patent/EP0099000A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0099000B1 publication Critical patent/EP0099000B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B1/0404—Details or component parts
    • F04B1/0452—Distribution members, e.g. valves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a piston machine with cylinders in which the pistons are located, with suction and pressure valves which are assigned to the cylinders in pairs, with a suction and a pressure line and with a connecting piece which is connected between the cylinder and the lines .
  • Such a piston engine is disclosed in US-A-2 545 791.
  • This previously known machine has two cylinders which are arranged in a V-shape and whose pistons are connected to a common crankshaft.
  • a suction and a pressure valve are housed inside the cylinder head.
  • a practically straight tube is provided which connects the suction sections of the two cylinders to one another.
  • a suction line common to the two cylinders is connected to this connecting pipe.
  • the two connecting pipes run parallel to one another and are rigidly connected to one another. They thus represent a connector that is connected between the lines and the cylinders.
  • connection points of the individual hoses are subject to considerable mechanical stress, the direction of which changes quickly.
  • the valves in such piston engines which are located behind the hoses inside the cylinder heads, are subject to considerable wear.
  • the replacement of the worn or even damaged valves in the known piston machine is associated with the disassembly of the cylinder.
  • Another known piston machine (GB-A-1 519 A.D. 1910) has two star-shaped channel sets. However, these are arranged opposite each other, so that a channel set is located on the drive side of the machine.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a piston machine which does not have the disadvantages mentioned. This object is achieved according to the invention as defined in claim 1.
  • the piston machine according to FIGS. 1 and 2 has cylinders 1 arranged in a star shape, in which pistons 2 are located.
  • the pistons 2 are under the action of an eccentric 3, which is seated on the shaft 4 of an electric motor 5.
  • a flange 7 for receiving valves 8 and 9 is formed on the respective cylinder head 6.
  • a cover 10 with an oil drain 11 is attached in the middle part of the housing of the machine.
  • a connector 12 is attached to the front of the arrangement already described, which is designed as a fitting.
  • This fitting 12 contains suction channels 13 and pressure channels 14, which, according to the arrangement of the cylinders 1, also run in a star shape.
  • One end of the suction channels 13 opens into a cavity 15 formed in the shaped piece 12.
  • the shaped piece 12 has a threaded sleeve 16 in the area of the hollow space 15, by means of which the suction line (not shown) is connected to the machine.
  • the shaped part 12 can in principle be designed as a plate in which the channels 13 and 14 run in a star shape. However, it is also possible to merely arrange tubes in a star shape instead of a plate and to connect them to one another in such a way that the channels 13 and 14 delimited by these tubes are interconnected as required.
  • Such an embodiment of the molding 12 is shown in the drawing.
  • the first tubes 17 delimit the suction channels 13, and the second tubes 18 delimit the pressure channels 14.
  • the ends of the suction tubes 17 located in the central region of the machine open into the cavity 15.
  • the corresponding ends of the pressure tubes 18 are connected to one another in terms of flow in the central region of the machine However, they have no connection to the cavity 15.
  • the tubes 17 having the suction channels 13 and the tubes 18 having the pressure channels 14 are designed as two star-shaped tube sets. These tube sets are con arranged centrally and firmly connected to each other in the central area. However, they are located one behind the other, as can best be seen in FIG. 2.
  • the cavity 15 is separated from the pressure channels 14 by the wall 30.
  • the tubes 17 of one tube set are arranged offset from one another in the circumferential direction with respect to the tubes 18 of the other tube set.
  • the suction channel 13 is at an angle to the pressure channel 14 which communicates with the same cylinder 1.
  • the end portions of the tubes 17 and 18 lying in the peripheral region of the machine can then lie side by side. They are provided with flanges 19, the end faces of which are in the same plane. These flanges 19 lie opposite the respective flange 7 on the cylinder head 6.
  • the end parts of the tubes 17 and 18 mentioned are provided with runners 20 in which bores 21 for receiving screws (not shown) are made.
  • valve pairs 8 and 9 are arranged between the flanges 7 and 19 and clamped with the aid of the screws mentioned, which are screwed into the cylinder head 6.
  • the connection between the valves 8 and 9 and the interior of the cylinder takes place with the aid of openings 22 (FIG. 2), which are implemented in the cylinder head and in the flange 7.
  • One of the pressure channels 14, which is connected to one another in terms of flow, is provided with a through opening 23 which blocks the outlet of the pressurized fluid, i.e. of water, air or the like. enables.
  • This opening 23 passes through a sprue 24, in which threaded holes 25 for fastening the pressure line (not shown) are made.
  • a so-called by-pass device is normally connected between the pressure line and the machine. When the pressure in the pressure line exceeds a predetermined value, the by-pass device returns the fluid to the suction line.
  • suction and pressure channels 13 and 14 The arrangement of suction and pressure channels 13 and 14 described above enables a particularly advantageous attachment of the by-pass device to the machine.
  • a suction channel 13 and a pressure channel 14 lead to the respective cylinder, which are close to one another.
  • one of the pressure channels 14 is provided with the outlet opening 23.
  • Another opening 26 can be made in the adjacent suction channel 13.
  • suction channel 13 or that suction tube 17 is provided with the opening 26, which is assigned to the same cylinder 1 as the pressure channel 14 or the pressure tube 18 with the opening 23.
  • the by-pass device is inserted into the holes 25 penetrating screws (not shown) attached to the machine.
  • the entrance opening and the return opening of the by-pass device communicate with the openings 23 and 26 in the channels of the machine.
  • the pressure line is only connected to the by-pass device.
  • the by-pass device bridges the two openings 23 and 26 mentioned, and it allows the fluid, if a still permissible pressure in the pressure line is exceeded, to be returned to the suction part of the machine.
  • valves 8 and 9 can be designed as described, for example, in DE-A-2 753 370.
  • the pressure inside the cylinders reaches very high values, these pressure values rapidly changing in accordance with the reciprocating movement of the respective piston. This causes a heavy load on the fasteners holding the cylinder head on the cylinder. If the valves are attached to the side of the cylinder head, the pumped fluid also causes a rapidly changing lateral stress on the fastening means for the cylinder head. Such a combined stress on the fasteners mentioned could lead to malfunctions in machine operation during long-term operation of the machine.
  • a further object of an embodiment of the present invention is therefore to design the machine in such a way that the combined stressing of the fastening means mentioned does not occur.
  • the openings 22 are made in the end wall 31 of the cylinder head 6 (FIG. 3), while the openings 22 mentioned in the embodiment of the machine described above were made in the side wall of the cylinder head 6.
  • the already mentioned valves 8 and 9 in the form of cartridges are then located on the end wall 31 of the cylinder head 6.
  • the end section of the respective channel 13 or 14 rests on these valve cartridges 8 and 9.
  • the pressure inside the cylinder 1 caused by the movement of the pistons 2 and the stress from the flowing fluid stresses the cylinder head 6 and therefore also its fastening means in the same direction, namely in the axial direction of the cylinder 1.
  • Such stress can be easily absorbed by suitable dimensioning of the screws mentioned. In this case, you also save a set of flanges and screws.
  • the connecting piece that connects the individual cylinder heads 6 to one another and then connects them to the suction and pressure lines can be made even more expedient.
  • the connecting piece according to FIG. 4 contains individual shaped pieces 35, 36 and 37 which are fastened to the cylinder heads 6 with the aid of lag screws 38 and with the interposition of the valve cartridges 8 and 9 already described. Such a shaped piece 35, 36 or 37 is thus assigned to each cylinder head 6.
  • suction channels 13 and pressure channels 14 are executed, which are connected at one end to the valves 8 and 9 already mentioned.
  • the fittings 35, 36 and 37 are, however, only so large that they still cover the cylinder head 6.
  • the connection between such fittings 35, 36 and 37 is made with the help of tubes 39 and 40.
  • the end portions of these tubes 39 and 40 are inserted into the fittings, in such a way that the end portions of tubes 39 and 40 are located at the other end of the Connect suction duct 13 or pressure duct 14 in the respective fitting 35, 36 or 37.
  • this connecting piece is achieved by designing one of the shaped pieces 37 in such a way that the tubes 39 and 40 of all the other shaped pieces 35 and 36 end in this shaped piece 37.
  • this middle fitting 37 is provided with the threaded sleeve 16 already discussed for the connection of the suction line and with the socket 24 for fastening the pressure line.
  • the left pressure duct 14 overlaps the right suction duct 13 from the right fitting 35 to the left fitting 36.
  • the piston seal in the cylinder can be worn during long-term operation of the machine. Such wear of the seal has the consequence that the fluid can get from the space in front of the piston 2 along the piston 2 to the eccentric 3 of the machine. This can cause the machine to fail. To prevent this, the measures shown in FIG. 5 can be taken on the machine.
  • the piston seal 42 which is located between the cylinder 1 and the cylinder head 6, has a cylindrical base body 43 which is provided with a through opening for the piston 2.
  • the wall of this through opening is provided with a circumferential groove 41, which opens into the interior of the base body 43.
  • a tube 44 is made, the interior of which adjoins the cavity delimited by the aforementioned groove 41.
  • the other end of this tube 44 passes through the wall of the first tube 17 of the connecting piece 12 according to FIGS. 1 and 2 and it opens into the suction channel 13.
  • the end of the connecting tube 44 located in the wall of the first tube 17 of the connecting piece 12 is provided with a seal 45 so that no ambient air can be sucked in at this point.
  • sealing sleeves 46 and 47 lying one on top of the other.
  • sealing sleeves 49 and 50 are pressed together between the base body 43 and a counterpart 51, which on the Cylinder 1 rests and protrudes into the recess 48.
  • the sealing sleeves 46, 47, 49 and 50 lie tight against the piston.
  • the fluid which may reach the zone of the groove 41, which lies behind the first seal set 46, 47, is sucked from here under the action of the negative pressure in the suction channel 13 out of the groove 41 through the connecting pipe 44 and into the cylinder head 6 returned.
  • the sealing sleeves 49 and 50 of the lower seal set should additionally ensure that the fluid does not reach the eccentric 3.
  • these sealing sleeves 49 and 50 are also intended to ensure that as little lubricant as possible gets into the piston-cylinder space from the eccentric 3.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Claims (16)

1. Machine à pistons à cylindres disposés en étoile, comportant un arbre pour les pistons qui peut être raccordé par l'une de ses extrémités à un moteur, ainsi que des canaux qui forment deux groupes séparés l'un de l'autre en ce qui concerne le refoulement, les canaux de chaque groupe communiquant entre eux en ce qui concerne le refoulement, et l'un des jeux de canaux étant raccordé au côté aspiration et l'autre jeu au côté refoulement des cylindres, caractérisée en ce que les soupapes d'aspiration (8) et les soupapes de refoulement (9) sont placées à l'extérieur sur respectivement la même paroi des cylindres, cette paroi étant la paroi des cylindres opposée au côté entraînement de la machine, en ce qu'à cette paroi de tous les cylindres (1) est associée une seule pièce de liaison (12; 35, 36, 37, 39, 40) dans laquelle les canaux (13, 14) des deux jeux sont conçus de manière à relier le côté aspiration et le côté refoulement des cylindres (1) aux conduits extérieurs correspondants.
2. Machine à pistons selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la partie terminale extérieure des canaux (13, 14) est raccordée à la paroi latérale ou à la paroi frontale (31) de la tête (6) des cylindres (1).
3. Machine à pistons selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les canaux (13, 14) sont disposés en étoile dans la pièce de liaison (12).
4. Machine à pistons selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que le canal d'aspiration (13) et le canal de refoulement (14) qui permettent une communication entre l'un des cylindres (1) et le conduit d'aspiration ou le conduit de refoulement, forment entre eux un angle, en ce que la partie terminale extérieure de ces canaux (13, 14) est conçue pour être raccordée aux cylindres (1) associés à ceux-ci, et en ce que la paire de soupapes (8, 9) concernée est serrée entre la partie terminale extérieure des canaux et le cylindre.
5. Machine à pistons selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'une cavité (15) est formée dans la pièce de liaison (12), en ce que les canaux d'aspiration (13) débouchent dans cette cavité et en ce que la pièce de liaison (12) est pourvue dans la zone de cette cavité (15), d'une douille taraudée (16) destinée au raccordement du conduit d'aspiration.
6. Machine à pistons selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'un des canaux de refoulement (14) qui communiquent entre eux en ce qui concerne le refoulement présente un orifice (23) qui permet la sortie du fluide à l'extérieur de la machine.
7. Machine à pistons selon les revendications 3 et 6, caractérisée en ce que le canal d'aspiration (13) qui est raccordé au même cylindre (1) que le canal de refoulement (14) pourvu de l'orifice de sortie (23), est muni d'un orifice (26), en ce que ces orifices (23 et 26) sont reliés entre eux par un dispositif de dérivation, et en ce que le conduit de refoulement est raccordé à ce dispositif de dérivation.
8. Machine à pistons selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la pièce de liaison (12) est constituée de deux jeux de tubes (17 et 18) et en ce que les canaux d'aspiration (13) sont ménagés dans l'un de ces jeux de tubes et en ce que les canaux de refoulement (14) sont ménagés dans l'autre de ces jeux de tubes.
9. Machine à pistons selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que les deux jeux de tubes (17, 18) sont disposés concentriquement, et en ce que ces deux jeux de tubes sont reliés de manière fixe entre eux, dans leur zone médiane.
10. Machine à pistons selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que la partie terminale extérieure de la paire de canaux respective comporte une bride (19), en ce que le cylindre (1) est également pourvu d'une bride (7) et en ce que la paire de soupapes (8, 9) respective est serrée entre ces brides (7, 19).
11. Machine à pistons selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'un tube de liaison (44) se raccorde à l'intérieur (41) du cylindre (1), son autre extrémité débouchant dans le canal d'aspiration (13).
12. Machine à pistons selon la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce que le tube de liaison (44) se raccorde à chaque cylindre (1) au droit de l'étanchéité des pistons (42).
13. Machine à pistons selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'un tube de mélange (51) pénètre dans le canal d'aspiration (13) et en ce que l'extrémité (52) du tube de mélange (51), se trouvant à l'extérieur du canal d'aspiration (13), est raccordée à un réservoir contenant une substance à ajouter au fluide.
14. Machine à pistons selon la revendication 13, caractérisée en ce que l'embouchure de l'extrémité (53) du tube de mélange (51), se trouvant dans le canal d'aspiration (13), se situe sur le même plan que l'embouchure du canal d'aspiration (13) auquel se raccorde la soupape d'aspiration (8).
15. Machine à pistons selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'une pièce profilée (35, 36, 37) est associée à la tête de cylindre (6) respective de la machine, en ce que les soupapes (8, 9) se trouvent entre ces pièces profilées (35, 36, 37) et la tête de cylindre (6) respective, en ce que des canaux d'aspiration et de refoulement (13,14) sont ménagés dans les pièces profilées (35, 36, 37) et en ce que les pièces profilées (35, 36, 37) communiquent entre elles par des tubes (39, 40) dont les parties terminales se trouvent dans les pièces profilées (35, 36, 37).
16. Machine à pistons selon la revendication 15, caractérisée en ce que l'une des pièces profilées (37) est conçue de telle sorte qu'elle peut recevoir les parties terminales des tubes (39, 40) dont les autres parties terminales se trouvent dans les autres pièces profilées (35, 36).
EP83106082A 1982-07-15 1983-06-22 Machine à piston ayant des cylindres en étoile Expired EP0099000B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83106082T ATE39166T1 (de) 1982-07-15 1983-06-22 Kolbenmaschine mit sternfoermig angeordneten zylindern.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH4295/82 1982-07-15
CH429582 1982-07-15

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0099000A2 EP0099000A2 (fr) 1984-01-25
EP0099000A3 EP0099000A3 (en) 1984-10-17
EP0099000B1 true EP0099000B1 (fr) 1988-12-07

Family

ID=4273432

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83106082A Expired EP0099000B1 (fr) 1982-07-15 1983-06-22 Machine à piston ayant des cylindres en étoile

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4545732A (fr)
EP (1) EP0099000B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE39166T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3378649D1 (fr)
SU (1) SU1347871A3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9213982U1 (de) * 1992-10-16 1993-08-12 Wap Reinigungssysteme Gmbh & Co, 89287 Bellenberg Wasserverteilung einer Radialkolbenpumpe für Hochdruck-Reinigungsanwendungen

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL8501315A (nl) * 1985-05-08 1986-12-01 Multinorm Bv Pomp.
USD380525S (en) * 1994-05-31 1997-07-01 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Connection piece for milk pipeline valve
AT3212U1 (de) * 1998-05-22 1999-11-25 Weber Hydraulik Gmbh Radialkolbenpumpe
US20130195700A1 (en) * 2012-02-01 2013-08-01 Min-Chien Teng Pressurizing pump structure
CN115298435A (zh) * 2019-12-05 2022-11-04 费罗尼变速箱有限责任公司 对流体施加压缩作用的泵和由对应推进流体驱动的马达

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9213982U1 (de) * 1992-10-16 1993-08-12 Wap Reinigungssysteme Gmbh & Co, 89287 Bellenberg Wasserverteilung einer Radialkolbenpumpe für Hochdruck-Reinigungsanwendungen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE39166T1 (de) 1988-12-15
EP0099000A3 (en) 1984-10-17
DE3378649D1 (de) 1989-01-12
EP0099000A2 (fr) 1984-01-25
US4545732A (en) 1985-10-08
SU1347871A3 (ru) 1987-10-23

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