[go: up one dir, main page]

DE69734308T2 - Fahrzeugklimaanlage - Google Patents

Fahrzeugklimaanlage Download PDF

Info

Publication number
DE69734308T2
DE69734308T2 DE69734308T DE69734308T DE69734308T2 DE 69734308 T2 DE69734308 T2 DE 69734308T2 DE 69734308 T DE69734308 T DE 69734308T DE 69734308 T DE69734308 T DE 69734308T DE 69734308 T2 DE69734308 T2 DE 69734308T2
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
air conditioning
vehicle air
vehicle
conditioning
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
DE69734308T
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
DE69734308D1 (de
Inventor
Yoshitoshi Noda
Hiroyuki Yamaguchi
Tadayoshi Tajima
Hiroki Yoshioka
Toshio Ohashi
Kenichi Abe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Marelli Corp
Original Assignee
Calsonic Kansei Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP30493696A external-priority patent/JPH10147140A/ja
Priority claimed from JP01141797A external-priority patent/JP3789019B2/ja
Application filed by Calsonic Kansei Corp filed Critical Calsonic Kansei Corp
Publication of DE69734308D1 publication Critical patent/DE69734308D1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE69734308T2 publication Critical patent/DE69734308T2/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
    • F28D7/106—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically consisting of two coaxial conduits or modules of two coaxial conduits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00321—Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices
    • B60H1/00342—Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices of the liquid-liquid type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/323—Cooling devices using compression characterised by comprising auxiliary or multiple systems, e.g. plurality of evaporators, or by involving auxiliary cooling devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/0408—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
DE69734308T 1996-11-15 1997-10-31 Fahrzeugklimaanlage Expired - Fee Related DE69734308T2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP30493696A JPH10147140A (ja) 1996-11-15 1996-11-15 ヒートポンプ式自動車用空気調和装置
JP01141797A JP3789019B2 (ja) 1997-01-24 1997-01-24 電気自動車用空調装置

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE69734308D1 DE69734308D1 (de) 2005-11-10
DE69734308T2 true DE69734308T2 (de) 2006-06-14

Family

ID=26346832

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE69734308T Expired - Fee Related DE69734308T2 (de) 1996-11-15 1997-10-31 Fahrzeugklimaanlage

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US6604576B2 (de)
EP (1) EP0842798B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69734308T2 (de)

Families Citing this family (54)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3815302B2 (ja) * 2001-11-12 2006-08-30 株式会社デンソー 車両用空調装置
DE10158385A1 (de) * 2001-11-28 2003-06-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Klimaanlage
JP4048278B2 (ja) * 2001-12-21 2008-02-20 ダイムラー・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト 自動車用空調システムの構築及び制御
DE10390833D2 (de) * 2002-03-04 2005-01-27 Luk Fahrzeug Hydraulik Klimaanlage
US6655163B1 (en) * 2002-11-19 2003-12-02 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Dual evaporator air conditioning system and method of use
US6983793B2 (en) 2002-11-19 2006-01-10 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Dual evaporator air conditioning system and method of use
US6758054B2 (en) * 2002-11-19 2004-07-06 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Dual evaporator air conditioning system and method of use
DE10306395A1 (de) * 2003-02-15 2004-08-26 Volkswagen Ag Klimaanlage mit mehreren Verdampfern für ein Kraftfahrzeug
KR100521563B1 (ko) * 2003-10-11 2005-10-17 현대자동차주식회사 차량 히터제어장치의 제어방법
US7165414B2 (en) * 2004-03-15 2007-01-23 J. W. Wright, Inc. System for the dehumification of air
KR100550574B1 (ko) * 2004-08-17 2006-02-10 엘지전자 주식회사 발전 공조 시스템
US7587901B2 (en) 2004-12-20 2009-09-15 Amerigon Incorporated Control system for thermal module in vehicle
TWI259052B (en) * 2005-03-18 2006-07-21 Forward Electronics Co Ltd Improved structure of liquid-cooling heat dissipation device
US20070114300A1 (en) * 2005-11-18 2007-05-24 Green Michael P Automotive electric fan system with a liquid misting unit
US20080087316A1 (en) 2006-10-12 2008-04-17 Masa Inaba Thermoelectric device with internal sensor
US8261561B2 (en) * 2006-12-28 2012-09-11 Carrier Corporation Free-cooling capacity control for air conditioning systems
WO2008115831A1 (en) 2007-03-16 2008-09-25 Amerigon Incorporated Air warmer
WO2009036077A1 (en) 2007-09-10 2009-03-19 Amerigon, Inc. Operational control schemes for ventilated seat or bed assemblies
US8181290B2 (en) 2008-07-18 2012-05-22 Amerigon Incorporated Climate controlled bed assembly
KR20170064568A (ko) 2008-02-01 2017-06-09 젠썸 인코포레이티드 열전 소자용 응결 센서 및 습도 센서
US8387406B2 (en) * 2008-09-12 2013-03-05 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Refrigerant system oil accumulation removal
FR2936980B1 (fr) * 2008-10-14 2012-11-16 Renault Sas Vehicule automobile a moteur electrique comportant un circuit de refroidissement du circuit electronique de puissance connecte a un radiateur de chauffage de l'habitacle
WO2010088405A1 (en) 2009-01-28 2010-08-05 Amerigon Incorporated Convective heater
US8539785B2 (en) 2009-02-18 2013-09-24 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Condensing unit having fluid injection
FR2945478B1 (fr) * 2009-05-13 2015-07-17 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Installation de ventilation, de chauffage et/ou de climatisation comprenant quatre echangeurs de chaleur
KR101571905B1 (ko) * 2010-10-04 2015-11-26 현대자동차주식회사 자동차의 보조 냉난방장치
US9121414B2 (en) 2010-11-05 2015-09-01 Gentherm Incorporated Low-profile blowers and methods
FR2974327B1 (fr) * 2011-04-20 2014-02-28 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Dispositif de conditionnement thermique d'un vehicule automobile
DE102011076507A1 (de) * 2011-05-26 2012-11-29 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Wärmepumpenkreislauf für Fahrzeuge
US9685599B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2017-06-20 Gentherm Incorporated Method and system for controlling an operation of a thermoelectric device
US9989267B2 (en) 2012-02-10 2018-06-05 Gentherm Incorporated Moisture abatement in heating operation of climate controlled systems
JP6189098B2 (ja) * 2013-06-14 2017-08-30 三菱重工オートモーティブサーマルシステムズ株式会社 ヒートポンプ式車両用空調システム
KR102119541B1 (ko) * 2013-07-04 2020-06-05 삼성전자주식회사 제습기
US9662962B2 (en) 2013-11-05 2017-05-30 Gentherm Incorporated Vehicle headliner assembly for zonal comfort
DE102014001022A1 (de) * 2014-01-27 2015-07-30 Liebherr-Transportation Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Fahrzeugkühlkreislauf
CN106028874B (zh) 2014-02-14 2020-01-31 金瑟姆股份公司 传导对流气候控制座椅
US11639816B2 (en) 2014-11-14 2023-05-02 Gentherm Incorporated Heating and cooling technologies including temperature regulating pad wrap and technologies with liquid system
US11033058B2 (en) 2014-11-14 2021-06-15 Gentherm Incorporated Heating and cooling technologies
US11857004B2 (en) 2014-11-14 2024-01-02 Gentherm Incorporated Heating and cooling technologies
JP6311622B2 (ja) * 2015-02-04 2018-04-18 トヨタ自動車株式会社 車両の熱管理システム
JP6078575B2 (ja) 2015-03-30 2017-02-08 富士重工業株式会社 車両用エアーコンディショナ装置
CN105035108A (zh) * 2015-08-25 2015-11-11 宝鸡南车时代工程机械有限公司 用于轨道车的发动机水循环供暖系统
US10697371B2 (en) 2015-12-28 2020-06-30 General Electric Company Method and system for a combined air-oil cooler and fuel-oil cooler heat exchanger
US10556487B2 (en) * 2016-03-18 2020-02-11 Denso Corporation Accumulating/receiving device and heat pump system
KR20190120936A (ko) * 2018-04-17 2019-10-25 한온시스템 주식회사 차량의 열관리 시스템
US11075331B2 (en) 2018-07-30 2021-07-27 Gentherm Incorporated Thermoelectric device having circuitry with structural rigidity
CN113167510A (zh) 2018-11-30 2021-07-23 金瑟姆股份公司 热电调节系统和方法
KR102600059B1 (ko) * 2018-12-03 2023-11-07 현대자동차 주식회사 차량용 열 관리 시스템
US11152557B2 (en) 2019-02-20 2021-10-19 Gentherm Incorporated Thermoelectric module with integrated printed circuit board
CA3226038A1 (en) 2019-05-20 2020-11-26 Canoo Technologies Inc. Electric vehicle platform
CA3155162A1 (en) * 2019-09-18 2021-03-25 Canoo Technologies Inc. Thermal management systems for electric vehicle platforms
CN112744051B (zh) * 2020-04-02 2024-05-10 株式会社电装 汽车热泵空调系统
CN111559221A (zh) * 2020-05-06 2020-08-21 上海谷柏特汽车科技有限公司 一种用于汽车部件的可控温循环装置
CN112248760A (zh) * 2020-10-28 2021-01-22 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 一种汽车暖通回路结构及控制方法

Family Cites Families (59)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3779031A (en) 1970-08-21 1973-12-18 Hitachi Ltd Air-conditioning system for cooling dehumidifying or heating operations
DE2210212A1 (de) 1972-03-03 1973-09-13 Bosch Gmbh Robert Einrichtung zum konstanthalten der temperatur im innenraum eines kraftfahrzeuges
US3926000A (en) 1974-06-24 1975-12-16 Carlie D Scofield Automotive air conditioner and method of operating the same
JPS54137841A (en) 1978-04-17 1979-10-25 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Air conditioner
JPS6240285Y2 (de) 1981-05-13 1987-10-15
DE3142643A1 (de) 1981-10-28 1983-05-11 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Klimaanlage fuer kraftfahrzeuge
JPS6231507A (ja) * 1985-08-05 1987-02-10 Nippon Denso Co Ltd 車両用ヒ−トポンプ式空気調和装置
US4865124A (en) * 1986-02-21 1989-09-12 Dempsey Jack C Shell and coil heat exchanger
US4688390A (en) 1986-05-27 1987-08-25 American Standard Inc. Refrigerant control for multiple heat exchangers
DE3631283C2 (de) 1986-09-13 1999-11-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert Einrichtung zur gesteuerten Zumessung von Verbrennungsluft in eine Brennkraftmaschine
JP2508758B2 (ja) * 1987-10-19 1996-06-19 日本電装株式会社 車両に搭載される冷凍・加温制御装置
JPH01196456A (ja) 1988-01-29 1989-08-08 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 冷媒加熱装置を具備した空気調和機
JPH02185821A (ja) 1989-01-12 1990-07-20 Diesel Kiki Co Ltd 自動車用空調装置
US4903495A (en) * 1989-02-15 1990-02-27 Thermo King Corp. Transport refrigeration system with secondary condenser and maximum operating pressure expansion valve
US5020320A (en) 1989-12-20 1991-06-04 Gas Research Institute Engine driven heat pump system
JPH04132728A (ja) 1990-09-22 1992-05-07 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 液状エポキシ樹脂組成物
JPH0820151B2 (ja) 1990-11-09 1996-03-04 株式会社ユニシアジェックス 空調装置
US5878810A (en) 1990-11-28 1999-03-09 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Air-conditioning apparatus
JPH04208368A (ja) 1990-11-30 1992-07-30 Toshiba Corp 空気調和機
JP3237187B2 (ja) 1991-06-24 2001-12-10 株式会社デンソー 空調装置
US5157933A (en) 1991-06-27 1992-10-27 Carrier Corporation Transport refrigeration system having means for achieving and maintaining increased heating capacity
JPH0577636A (ja) 1991-09-19 1993-03-30 Zexel Corp ヒートポンプ式自動車用空調装置
JP3156801B2 (ja) 1991-10-17 2001-04-16 本田技研工業株式会社 自動車用空調装置
JPH05157376A (ja) 1991-12-04 1993-06-22 Nippondenso Co Ltd 空調装置
JP3085335B2 (ja) 1991-12-27 2000-09-04 株式会社デンソー 空気調和装置
JPH05201243A (ja) 1992-01-28 1993-08-10 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 車両用ヒートポンプ式冷暖房装置
FR2686837B1 (fr) 1992-01-31 1995-05-24 Valeo Thermique Habitacle Dispositif de chauffage-ventilation de l'habitacle d'un vehicule automobile a moteur a faibles rejets thermiques.
FR2690111B1 (fr) 1992-04-16 1995-08-18 Valeo Thermique Habitacle Procede et dispositif de climatisation d'un vehicule electrique.
JP3284648B2 (ja) 1992-05-25 2002-05-20 日産自動車株式会社 車両用ヒートポンプ式冷暖房装置
JPH0634234A (ja) 1992-07-21 1994-02-08 Daikin Ind Ltd 空気調和装置
JP2745997B2 (ja) 1992-09-14 1998-04-28 日産自動車株式会社 車両用ヒートポンプ式冷暖房装置
KR0152286B1 (ko) * 1992-10-22 1998-11-02 윤종용 냉난방겸용 공기조화기 및 그 제어방법
FR2697211B1 (fr) 1992-10-26 1994-12-09 Valeo Thermique Habitacle Dispositif de refroidissement et de climatisation pour véhicule électrique.
DE4238364A1 (de) 1992-11-13 1994-05-26 Behr Gmbh & Co Einrichtung zum Kühlen von Antriebskomponenten und zum Heizen eines Fahrgastraumes eines Elektrofahrzeugs
JPH06159857A (ja) 1992-11-19 1994-06-07 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 空気調和機
US5473906A (en) 1993-01-29 1995-12-12 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Air conditioner for vehicle
JP2990989B2 (ja) 1993-03-04 1999-12-13 松下電器産業株式会社 車両用ヒートポンプ式空調装置
JP3307466B2 (ja) 1993-04-23 2002-07-24 株式会社デンソー 電気自動車用空気調和装置
JP2936960B2 (ja) 1993-06-14 1999-08-23 日産自動車株式会社 車両用ヒートポンプ式冷暖房装置
JPH07108817A (ja) 1993-10-08 1995-04-25 Zexel Corp 電気自動車用空調装置
JPH07101227A (ja) * 1993-10-08 1995-04-18 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 車両用ヒートポンプ式空調装置
US5598887A (en) 1993-10-14 1997-02-04 Sanden Corporation Air conditioner for vehicles
US5641016A (en) 1993-12-27 1997-06-24 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Air-conditioning apparatus for vehicle use
US5528900A (en) 1994-06-01 1996-06-25 Prasad; Mukesh Instant automobile cooling system
JP3410820B2 (ja) 1994-07-06 2003-05-26 サンデン株式会社 車両用空気調和装置
JP3305883B2 (ja) 1994-07-06 2002-07-24 サンデン株式会社 車両用空気調和装置
US5531264A (en) 1994-10-19 1996-07-02 Zexel Corporation Control apparatus for a cooling unit with a heating function and a multi-compartment temperature management apparatus for a vehicle using this cooling unit
JP3398517B2 (ja) 1995-04-28 2003-04-21 カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 自動車用空気調和装置
JP3596090B2 (ja) 1995-06-06 2004-12-02 株式会社デンソー 車両用空調装置
JPH0939542A (ja) 1995-08-02 1997-02-10 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 電気自動車用ヒートポンプ冷暖房除湿装置
JP3339268B2 (ja) 1995-09-12 2002-10-28 株式会社デンソー 車両用空調装置
JP3253501B2 (ja) 1995-10-17 2002-02-04 カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 電気自動車用冷暖房装置
US5651258A (en) 1995-10-27 1997-07-29 Heat Controller, Inc. Air conditioning apparatus having subcooling and hot vapor reheat and associated methods
JPH1076841A (ja) * 1996-09-06 1998-03-24 Calsonic Corp ヒートポンプ式自動車用空気調和装置
JPH10100662A (ja) * 1996-09-25 1998-04-21 Calsonic Corp 自動車用空気調和装置
EP0842799A3 (de) * 1996-11-15 2003-03-05 Calsonic Kansei Corporation Wärmepumpenartige Klimaanlage für ein Kraftfahrzeug
JP3781147B2 (ja) * 1997-04-09 2006-05-31 カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 ヒートポンプ式自動車用空気調和装置
JP3847905B2 (ja) * 1997-06-30 2006-11-22 カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 ヒートポンプ式自動車用空気調和装置
US6105666A (en) * 1997-10-30 2000-08-22 Calsonic Corporation Vehicular air conditioning apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20020005268A1 (en) 2002-01-17
EP0842798A2 (de) 1998-05-20
DE69734308D1 (de) 2005-11-10
US6604576B2 (en) 2003-08-12
EP0842798A3 (de) 2002-12-04
EP0842798B1 (de) 2005-10-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE69734308D1 (de) Fahrzeugklimaanlage
DE69728973D1 (de) Fahrzeugklimaanlage
DE69504149D1 (de) Fahrzeugklimaanlage
DE69611394D1 (de) Fahrzeugklimaanlage
DE69920556D1 (de) Fahrzeug-Klimaanlage
DE69721129D1 (de) Klimaanlage
DE59607858D1 (de) Fahrzeug-Klimaanlage
DE69900930D1 (de) Fahrzeugklimaanlage
DE69630665D1 (de) Fahrzeugklimaanlage
DE69720102D1 (de) Klimaanlage
DE69603311D1 (de) Fahrzeugklimaanlage
DE69516981D1 (de) Fahrzeugklimaanlage
DE69738026D1 (de) Fahrzeugklimaanlage
DE69733156D1 (de) Fahrzeugklimaanlage
DE69718111D1 (de) Fahrzeugklimaanlage
DE69915963D1 (de) Fahrzeugklimaanlage
DE69728078D1 (de) Klimaanlage
DE69734610D1 (de) Klimaanlage
DE69721268D1 (de) Fahrzeugklimaanlage
KR960000897U (ko) 차량용 공조장치
DE69720727D1 (de) Fahrzeugklimaanlage
DE69820375D1 (de) Kraftfahrzeugklimaanlage
KR970053927U (ko) 자동차용 냉난방장치
KR970061184U (ko) 자동차의 공기조화장치
KR970053909U (ko) 자동차용 공조장치

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
8364 No opposition during term of opposition
8339 Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee