CN1778352B - Chinese medicine composition for treating cardiovascular disease - Google Patents
Chinese medicine composition for treating cardiovascular disease Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗冠心病的药物,以丹参、赤芍和降香油或苏合香为原料药制成,其制备工艺步骤为:(1)将丹参、赤芍混合或单独制成水提液或醇提液;(2)对所述的提取液进行初步澄清处理;(3)进一步对所述的提取液进行超滤处理;(4)将超滤液浓缩,加入降香油或苏合香按常规方法制成制剂。The invention discloses a medicine for treating coronary heart disease, which is prepared from salvia miltiorrhiza, red peony root and balsamic oil or styrax as raw materials. or alcohol extract; (2) carry out preliminary clarification treatment to described extract; (3) further carry out ultrafiltration to described extract; (4) concentrate ultrafiltrate, add balsamic oil or styrax according to routine Methods to make preparations.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种应用超滤工艺制备的中药。具体而言,本发明涉及一种治疗心血管疾病的中药组合物。The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine prepared by an ultrafiltration process. Specifically, the present invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating cardiovascular diseases.
背景技术Background technique
膜分离技术(Membrane Separation Technique)是一项新兴的高效分离技术,已被国际公认为20世纪末至21世纪中期最有发展前途的一项重大高新生产技术。超滤(Ultrafiltration,UF)技术是一种膜分离技术,其基本原理是利用膜孔选择性筛分性能,以分离、提纯和浓缩物质。超滤方法,是利用高分子材料制成的各向异性膜(即不对称膜)为过滤介质,在常温条件下,依靠一定的压力和流速,使溶液流经膜面,迫使低分子量物质透过膜,而使高分子物质被截留。Membrane separation technology (Membrane Separation Technique) is a new high-efficiency separation technology, which has been internationally recognized as the most promising high-tech production technology from the end of the 20th century to the middle of the 21st century. Ultrafiltration (UF) technology is a membrane separation technology whose basic principle is to use the selective screening performance of membrane pores to separate, purify and concentrate substances. The ultrafiltration method uses an anisotropic membrane (that is, an asymmetric membrane) made of polymer materials as the filter medium. Under normal temperature conditions, relying on a certain pressure and flow rate, the solution flows through the membrane surface, forcing low molecular weight substances to permeate. Through the membrane, the polymer substances are intercepted.
由于超滤方法为物理方法,具有不须反复加热,没有“相态”变化,破坏有效成分的可能性较其它通用方法为少,工艺流程短等特点,因而其应用于提取中药有效成分的研究日益活跃,部分产品已从实验室研究走向工业生产。解放军304医院王世岭等人用超滤法提取黄芩中有效成分黄芩甙,结果表明超滤法在产率、纯度方面均较常法为优,且一次超滤即可达到注射剂要求,不需再行精制,工艺简单,生产周期可缩短1~2倍(王世岭,郑殿宝“超滤法提取黄芩甙的初步考察”,中成药研究,1988(3):5)。王世岭等还进一步研究了超滤法提取黄芩甙的最佳工艺条件,实验结果证明选用适宜孔径(截留分子量为6000~10000)的超滤膜是提高黄芩甙收率和质量的关键,同时升高药液温度或降低浓度,严格控制pH值(酸化时pH=1.5,碱溶时pH=7.0),可显著提高超滤速度,获得最佳产出效果(王世岭,“超滤法一次提取黄芩甙的工艺研究”,中成药,1994,16(3):2)。许金林等将超滤法(聚砜膜,截留分子量6000)用于植酸的制备中,植酸得率为86.4%,比常规的植酸盐法提高12.6%,且超滤法所得植酸几乎不含无机磷,外观透明几近无色(许金林,许杰,汪远金“膜分离技术制备植酸的研究”,中国医药工业杂志,1994,25(4):150)。何昌生等应用超滤技术分离精制甜菊糖甙,采用超薄型板式超滤器和截留分子量为10000的醋酸纤维素膜(CA膜)对甜菊糖甙进行净化现场实验,其工艺流程合理可行。超滤器性能稳定,膜的脱色性能和除杂质效果良好,可较好地解决甜菊糖甙生产中常常出现的沉淀和灌封时起泡问题(何昌生,王炳南,朱姗姗“甜菊糖甙超滤的应用研究”,水处理技术,1994,20(2):89)。黄自强采用超滤膜(截留分子量为4000和10000的聚砜膜)精制油茶皂甙,与国内大都采用的漂白法、再结晶法、醇醚沉淀法及碱式盐沉淀法比较,超滤法流程简单,效率高,费用低,对除去粗油茶皂甙中的油脂、色素、糖类及其他亲水性强的杂质,都能达到预期效果(黄自强,“超滤膜法精制油茶皂甙初探”水处理技术,1995,21(2):99)。南京中医药大学郭立玮等比较研究了水醇法与超滤法澄清山茱萸制剂对其制剂所含成分的影响,结果证实超滤法对去除药液中糖类杂质更为有效,截留分子量为10000的超滤膜对马钱素(分子量为384)无明显影响,但截留分子量为1000的膜使马钱素损失50%左右(郭立玮,彭国平,潘扬等“水醇法与膜分离法精制含山茱萸中药制剂的比较研究”,中成药,1999,21(2):59)。王成章等采用超滤法(聚砜膜,截留分子量30000)和聚酰胺树脂吸附洗脱法对银杏叶的乙醇提取液进行分离、纯化,经高效液相色谱(HPLC)检测,银杏黄酮甙含量在45%左右,得率为0.5%~0.7%,较常规水蒸气蒸馏法、有机溶剂提取法为优,而且在超滤工艺中可减少废水排放,保护环境,降低生产成本,提高经济效益(王成章,郁青,谭卫红等“超滤在纯化银杏叶黄酮甙中的应用”,林业科技通讯,1997,(2):21)。Because the ultrafiltration method is a physical method, it has the characteristics of no need for repeated heating, no "phase state" change, less possibility of destroying active ingredients than other general methods, and short process flow, so it is applied to the research of extracting active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine Increasingly active, some products have moved from laboratory research to industrial production. People's Liberation Army 304 Hospital Wang Shiling and others used ultrafiltration to extract the active ingredient baicalin in Scutellaria baicalensis. The results showed that the ultrafiltration method was superior to the conventional method in terms of yield and purity, and one ultrafiltration can meet the requirements of injections without further steps. Refined, simple process, the production cycle can be shortened by 1 to 2 times (Wang Shiling, Zheng Dianbao "A Preliminary Investigation on the Extraction of Baicalin by Ultrafiltration", Chinese Patent Medicine Research, 1988 (3): 5). Wang Shiling and others have further studied the optimal process conditions for extracting baicalin by ultrafiltration. The experimental results prove that the selection of an ultrafiltration membrane with a suitable pore size (molecular weight cut-off is 6000-10000) is the key to improving the yield and quality of baicalin. Liquid temperature or lower concentration, strictly control the pH value (pH=1.5 during acidification, pH=7.0 during alkali dissolution), can significantly improve the ultrafiltration speed, and obtain the best output effect (Wang Shiling, "One-time extraction of baicalin by ultrafiltration Technology Research", Chinese Patent Medicine, 1994, 16(3): 2). Xu Jinlin and others used the ultrafiltration method (polysulfone membrane, molecular weight cut-off 6000) in the preparation of phytic acid, and the yield of phytic acid was 86.4%, which was 12.6% higher than the conventional phytate method, and the phytic acid obtained by the ultrafiltration method was almost It does not contain inorganic phosphorus, and its appearance is transparent and almost colorless (Xu Jinlin, Xu Jie, Wang Yuanjin "Research on Preparation of Phytic Acid by Membrane Separation Technology", China Journal of Pharmaceutical Industry, 1994, 25(4): 150). He Changsheng and others applied ultrafiltration technology to separate and refine stevioside, and used ultra-thin plate ultrafilter and cellulose acetate membrane (CA membrane) with a molecular weight cut-off of 10,000 to carry out field experiments on the purification of stevioside. The process flow is reasonable and feasible. The performance of the ultrafilter is stable, the decolorization performance of the membrane and the effect of removing impurities are good, which can better solve the problems of precipitation and foaming during potting that often occur in the production of stevioside (He Changsheng, Wang Bingnan, Zhu Shanshan "Stevioside Application Research of Ultrafiltration", Water Treatment Technology, 1994, 20(2): 89). Huang Ziqiang used ultrafiltration membranes (polysulfone membranes with a molecular weight cut-off of 4000 and 10000) to refine camellia oleifera saponin, compared with the bleaching method, recrystallization method, alcohol ether precipitation method and alkaline salt precipitation method mostly used in China, the ultrafiltration process flow Simple, efficient, low cost, to remove grease, pigments, sugars and other highly hydrophilic impurities in the crude camellia saponin, all can achieve the expected effect (Huang Ziqiang, "Ultrafiltration membrane method refining camellia saponin preliminary research" water Process Technology, 1995, 21(2):99). Guo Liwei from Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine compared and studied the effects of water-alcohol method and ultrafiltration method on the clarification of Cornus officinalis preparations on the ingredients contained in the preparations. Ultrafiltration membrane has no obvious effect on loganin (molecular weight is 384), but the film with molecular weight cut-off is 1000 makes loganin loss about 50% (Guo Liwei, Peng Guoping, Pan Yang et al. A Comparative Study of Chinese Medicine Preparations from Cornus officinalis", Chinese Patent Medicine, 1999, 21(2): 59). Wang Chengzhang et al. used ultrafiltration (polysulfone membrane, molecular weight cut-off 30000) and polyamide resin adsorption elution method to separate and purify the ethanol extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves, and the content of ginkgo flavonoid glycosides was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). At about 45%, the yield is 0.5% to 0.7%, which is superior to conventional steam distillation and organic solvent extraction, and can reduce waste water discharge in the ultrafiltration process, protect the environment, reduce production costs, and improve economic benefits ( Wang Chengzhang, Yu Qing, Tan Weihong, etc. "Application of Ultrafiltration in the Purification of Ginkgo Flavonoid Glycosides", Forestry Science and Technology Communication, 1997, (2): 21).
超滤技术应用于中药制剂的生产虽有其独特的优点,但其推广应用的程度仍然十分有限,究其原因,尚存在以下问题:Although the application of ultrafiltration technology in the production of traditional Chinese medicine preparations has its unique advantages, the extent of its application is still very limited. The reason is that there are still the following problems:
(1)中草药成分复杂,特别是许多复方制剂,有效成分还未完全清楚,因此在将超滤技术应用于中草药制剂之前需要进行十分深入的研究。例如由于成分的复杂性,在未进行大量的药理和临床研究试验充分评价超滤对中药制剂中各成分的药效影响程度之前,不可能将超滤法应用于大多数中药制剂的生产。(1) The composition of Chinese herbal medicine is complex, especially in many compound preparations, the active ingredients have not been fully understood, so it needs to be thoroughly studied before applying ultrafiltration technology to Chinese herbal medicine preparations. For example, due to the complexity of the components, it is impossible to apply ultrafiltration to the production of most traditional Chinese medicine preparations before a large number of pharmacological and clinical research tests are conducted to fully evaluate the effect of ultrafiltration on the efficacy of each component in traditional Chinese medicine preparations.
(2)膜材料的品种少,膜孔径分布宽,性能欠稳定。在中药制剂生产中使用过的超滤膜材料有醋酸纤维素、聚丙烯腈、聚砜、磺化聚砜、聚砜酰胺等。按其对水的亲和性分类,大致可分为两类:疏水性膜材料和亲水性膜材料。醋酸纤维素、磺化聚砜等亲水性膜材料对溶质吸附少,截留分子量较小,但热稳定性差,机械强度、抗化学药品性、抗细菌侵蚀能力通常不高;聚砜等疏水性膜材,机械强度高,耐高温、耐溶剂、耐生物降解,但因分子链中含有大量疏水性基因或链节,并带有较多静电荷,因而膜透水速度低,抗污染能力较低。(2) There are few types of membrane materials, the membrane pore size distribution is wide, and the performance is not stable. The ultrafiltration membrane materials used in the production of traditional Chinese medicine preparations include cellulose acetate, polyacrylonitrile, polysulfone, sulfonated polysulfone, polysulfone amide, etc. According to its affinity to water, it can be roughly divided into two categories: hydrophobic membrane materials and hydrophilic membrane materials. Hydrophilic membrane materials such as cellulose acetate and sulfonated polysulfone have less adsorption of solutes and a smaller molecular weight cut-off, but poor thermal stability, mechanical strength, chemical resistance, and bacterial erosion resistance are usually not high; polysulfone and other hydrophobic Membrane material has high mechanical strength, high temperature resistance, solvent resistance, and biodegradation resistance, but because the molecular chain contains a large number of hydrophobic genes or chain links, and has a lot of electrostatic charges, the membrane has a low water permeability and low anti-pollution ability .
(3)膜的污染问题是阻碍超滤技术由实验室研究走向工业应用阶段的最大障碍。在中药制剂的超滤过程中,若药液预处理效果不佳时,膜面易污染,膜孔堵塞,使渗透通量即生产率下降,甚至不能正常工作,生产效率降低,成本上升,导致膜的使用寿命缩短。(3) Membrane fouling is the biggest obstacle preventing ultrafiltration technology from laboratory research to industrial application. In the ultrafiltration process of traditional Chinese medicine preparations, if the pretreatment effect of the liquid medicine is not good, the membrane surface will be easily polluted and the membrane pores will be blocked, which will reduce the permeation flux, that is, the productivity, or even fail to work normally, reduce the production efficiency, and increase the cost, resulting in membrane shortened service life.
(4)膜组件的选择方法尚未建立起来,超滤操作参数尚需优化。影响超滤效果的因素很多,包括膜组件的选择,工艺参数的确定及超滤器使用后的清洗方法等。因此适用于中药体系超滤用的超滤设备及操作工艺,有待进一步研究。(4) The selection method of membrane modules has not been established yet, and the operating parameters of ultrafiltration still need to be optimized. There are many factors that affect the effect of ultrafiltration, including the selection of membrane components, the determination of process parameters and the cleaning method of the ultrafilter after use. Therefore, the ultrafiltration equipment and operating technology suitable for ultrafiltration of traditional Chinese medicine systems need further research.
发明人经过长期不懈地努力,通过对大量实验数据进行分析,确定了合适的工艺操作条件,为利用超滤法进行本发明药物的工业化生产提供了具体的解决方案。After long-term and unremitting efforts, the inventor determined the appropriate process operating conditions by analyzing a large number of experimental data, and provided a specific solution for the industrial production of the drug of the present invention by ultrafiltration.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种杂质少、有效成分损失小、成本低的超滤法制备工艺制备的中药,它克服了现有技术的不足,解决了工业化生产超滤工艺条件可操作性的难题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a traditional Chinese medicine prepared by an ultrafiltration preparation process with less impurities, less active ingredient loss and low cost, which overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art and solves the difficult problem of the operability of industrial production ultrafiltration process conditions .
本发明是通过下述技术步骤实现的:以丹参、赤芍和降香油为原料药,按照以下步骤进行制备:The present invention is realized through the following technical steps: using salvia miltiorrhiza, red peony root and balsamic oil as raw materials, it is prepared according to the following steps:
(1)将丹参、赤芍混合或单独制成水提液或醇提液;(1) Mix Salvia Miltiorrhiza and Radix Paeoniae Rubra or separately make water extract or alcohol extract;
(2)对所述的提取液进行初步澄清处理;(2) Carry out preliminary clarification treatment to described extract;
(3)进一步对所述的提取液进行超滤处理;(3) further carry out ultrafiltration treatment to described extract;
(4)将超滤液浓缩,加入降香油,按常规方法制成制剂。(4) Concentrate the ultrafiltrate, add balsamic oil, and make a preparation according to a conventional method.
上述原料药的重量百分比为:丹参20%~97%,赤芍2%~79%,降香油0.2%~3%;优选为丹参63.0%%~94%,赤芍4.0%~35.0%,降香油0.5%~2.0%;更优选为丹参75.2%~90%,赤芍9%~23.5%,降香油0.5%~1.3%。丹参、赤芍、降香油的重量百分比之和为100%。The weight percentage of above-mentioned crude drug is: Salvia miltiorrhiza 20%~97%, red peony root 2%~79%, balm oil 0.2%~3%; 0.5%-2.0% of sesame oil; more preferably 75.2%-90% of salvia miltiorrhiza, 9%-23.5% of red peony root, and 0.5%-1.3% of balm oil. The sum of the percentages by weight of salvia miltiorrhiza, red peony root and balsamic oil is 100%.
上述原料降香可以用苏合香替换,即上述原料药可为丹参20%~97%,赤芍2%~79%,苏合香0.2%~3%;优选为丹参63.0%%~94%,赤芍4.0%~35.0%,苏合香0.5%~2.0%;更优选为丹参75.2%~90%,赤芍9%~23.5%,苏合香0.5%~1.3%。丹参、赤芍、苏合香的重量百分比之和为100%。The above-mentioned raw material Dalbergia can be replaced by Styrax, that is, the above-mentioned raw material can be 20%-97% of Salvia miltiorrhiza, 2%-79% of Radix Paeoniae Rubra, 0.2%-3% of Stellaris; preferably 63.0%-94% of Salvia Miltiorrhiza and 4.0% % to 35.0%, styrax 0.5% to 2.0%; more preferably Danshen 75.2% to 90%, red peony 9% to 23.5%, styrax 0.5% to 1.3%. The sum of the percentages by weight of salvia miltiorrhiza, red peony root and styrax is 100%.
本发明技术步骤(1)中,醇提液可为不同浓度的低级醇如甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇等的提取液或其混合物的提取液。醇提液可不浓缩或适当浓缩后进行下一步的初步澄清处理。In the technical step (1) of the present invention, the alcohol extract can be lower alcohols of different concentrations such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, etc., or extracts of their mixtures. The alcohol extract can be subjected to the next preliminary clarification treatment without concentration or after proper concentration.
本发明技术步骤(2)中,初步的澄清处理可用一般的材料如纱布、丝绢等进行粗滤,也可用较专业的材料如陶瓷膜进行微滤,也可经高速离心后分取上清液,也可用絮凝剂如壳聚糖絮凝澄清剂、101果汁澄清剂、ZTC1+1天然澄清剂、蛋清絮凝剂等吸附澄清而除去药液中较大的悬浮颗粒,还可用醇沉法除去大部份杂质。既可单用上述澄清方法,也可联合应用,例如粗滤-吸附澄清,吸附澄清-高速离心,粗滤-微滤,粗滤-醇沉等。初步澄清处理的溶液可不浓缩或适当浓缩后进行下一步的超滤;优选不进行浓缩即进行下一步的超滤。In the technical step (2) of the present invention, preliminary clarification treatment can carry out rough filtration with general material such as gauze, silk silk etc., also can carry out microfiltration with more professional material such as ceramic membrane, also can get supernatant after high-speed centrifugation Liquid, also can use flocculant such as chitosan flocculation clarifier, 101 fruit juice clarifier, ZTC1+1 natural clarifier, egg white flocculant etc. Some impurities. The above clarification methods can be used alone or in combination, such as coarse filtration-adsorption clarification, adsorption clarification-high-speed centrifugation, coarse filtration-microfiltration, coarse filtration-alcohol precipitation, etc. The solution that has been preliminarily clarified can be subjected to the next step of ultrafiltration without concentration or after being properly concentrated; preferably, the next step of ultrafiltration is performed without concentration.
本发明技术步骤(3)中,超滤所用的超滤膜可为二醋酸纤维素膜(CA)、三醋酸纤维素膜(CTA)、氰乙基醋酸纤维素膜(CN-CA)、聚砜膜(PS)、磺化聚砜膜(SPS)、聚醚砜膜(PES)、磺化聚醚砜膜(SPES)、聚砜酰胺膜(PSA)、酚酞侧基聚芳砜膜(PDS)、聚偏氟乙烯膜(PVDF)、聚丙烯腈膜(PAN)、聚酰亚胺膜(N)、纤维素膜、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯腈共聚物膜(MMA-AN)、聚丙烯腈/二醋酸纤维素(PAN/CA)共混膜,动态形成的超滤膜,以及上述膜的改性膜。优选为二醋酸纤维素膜(CA)、三醋酸纤维素膜(CTA)、聚砜膜(PS)、磺化聚砜膜(SPS)、聚醚砜膜(PES)、磺化聚醚砜膜(SPES)、聚砜酰胺膜(PSA),聚偏氟乙烯膜(PVDF)、聚丙烯腈膜(PAN)。In the technical step (3) of the present invention, the ultrafiltration membrane used for ultrafiltration can be cellulose diacetate membrane (CA), cellulose triacetate membrane (CTA), cyanoethyl cellulose acetate membrane (CN-CA), polyester Sulfone membrane (PS), sulfonated polysulfone membrane (SPS), polyethersulfone membrane (PES), sulfonated polyethersulfone membrane (SPES), polysulfone amide membrane (PSA), phenolphthalein side group polyarylsulfone membrane (PDS) ), polyvinylidene fluoride film (PVDF), polyacrylonitrile film (PAN), polyimide film (N), cellulose film, methyl methacrylate-acrylonitrile copolymer film (MMA-AN), poly Acrylonitrile/cellulose diacetate (PAN/CA) blend membranes, dynamically formed ultrafiltration membranes, and modified membranes of the above membranes. Preferably cellulose diacetate membrane (CA), cellulose triacetate membrane (CTA), polysulfone membrane (PS), sulfonated polysulfone membrane (SPS), polyethersulfone membrane (PES), sulfonated polyethersulfone membrane (SPES), polysulfoneamide membrane (PSA), polyvinylidene fluoride membrane (PVDF), polyacrylonitrile membrane (PAN).
上述超滤膜的截留分子量一般为6000~80000,优选为10000~70000,最佳为20000~50000。The molecular weight cut-off of the ultrafiltration membrane is generally 6000-80000, preferably 10000-70000, most preferably 20000-50000.
超滤既可采用错流过滤,也可采用死端过滤,但优选错流过滤。Ultrafiltration can be either cross-flow filtration or dead-end filtration, but cross-flow filtration is preferred.
超滤工艺的操作条件如下:The operating conditions of the ultrafiltration process are as follows:
(1)超滤的进液口压力为0.1~0.5MPa,优选为0.1~0.35Mpa,最佳为0.25~0.35Mpa;超滤的出液口压力比进液口压力低0.5~0.25kPa。超滤初期采用较低压力,然后慢慢升压;在超滤过程中,采用周期性压力波动,压力波动差为0.1~0.2Mpa。(1) The inlet pressure of the ultrafiltration is 0.1-0.5MPa, preferably 0.1-0.35Mpa, and most preferably 0.25-0.35Mpa; the outlet pressure of the ultrafiltration is 0.5-0.25kPa lower than the inlet pressure. In the initial stage of ultrafiltration, a lower pressure is used, and then the pressure is gradually increased; in the process of ultrafiltration, periodic pressure fluctuations are adopted, and the pressure fluctuation difference is 0.1-0.2Mpa.
(2)料液流速为1.0~4.0m/s,优选为2.0~3.0m/s。超滤过程中,采用周期性流量波动以便在膜通道内产生脉动流或不稳定流,流速波动差为1.0~2.0m/s。(2) The flow rate of the feed liquid is 1.0-4.0 m/s, preferably 2.0-3.0 m/s. During the ultrafiltration process, periodic flow fluctuations are used to generate pulsating flow or unsteady flow in the membrane channel, and the flow velocity fluctuation difference is 1.0-2.0m/s.
(3)在超滤系统中间歇通入高压惰性气体如氮气,形成气液脉冲流,周期为0.5h~2h通气一次,每次1分钟。(3) In the ultrafiltration system, high-pressure inert gas such as nitrogen is fed intermittently to form a gas-liquid pulse flow, and the cycle is 0.5h-2h to ventilate once, each time for 1 minute.
(3)料液温度为15~50℃,优选为20~40℃。(3) The feed liquid temperature is 15-50°C, preferably 20-40°C.
(4)当料液原液被浓缩1/15~1/5时,再加水或稀醇溶液超滤1~2次;优选为当料液原液被浓缩1/12~1/8时,再加水或稀醇溶液超滤1~2次。(4) When the stock solution is concentrated by 1/15 to 1/5, add water or dilute alcohol solution for ultrafiltration 1 to 2 times; preferably when the stock solution is concentrated by 1/12 to 1/8, add water Or dilute alcohol solution ultrafiltration 1 to 2 times.
(5)料液的PH值控制在5~9,优选为6.0~7.5;(5) The pH value of the feed liquid is controlled at 5 to 9, preferably 6.0 to 7.5;
(6)反冲洗条件:反冲洗压力为0.15~2.5MPa,反冲洗周期为0.5~1.5h、反冲洗时间为1min~10min。当将超滤组件并联使用交替反冲的方法时,其中一套或几套进行正常的超滤并分流出一部分滤液来反冲另一套或几套组件的超滤膜,间隔一段时间后交换进行,一般是工作10~20min,反冲30sec~3min。(6) Backwashing conditions: Backwashing pressure is 0.15-2.5MPa, backwashing cycle is 0.5-1.5h, and backwashing time is 1min-10min. When the ultrafiltration modules are connected in parallel to use the method of alternate backflushing, one or several sets perform normal ultrafiltration and part of the filtrate is flowed out to backwash the ultrafiltration membrane of another set or several sets of components, and exchange after a period of time To carry out, generally work for 10 to 20 minutes, and recoil for 30 seconds to 3 minutes.
(7)化学清洗周期为0.5月~2月,化学清洗药剂一般为稀酸、稀碱、表面活性剂,优选为稀碱,例如0.5%~4.0%氢氧化钠,1.5%氢氧化钠和2%次氯酸钠的混合溶液等,pH值为10~12,清洗工作压力为0.05~1.0MPa。在用化学清洗剂清洗之后,再用水冲洗至近中性。(7) The chemical cleaning period is 0.5 months to February. The chemical cleaning agents are generally dilute acids, dilute alkalis, and surfactants, preferably dilute alkalis, such as 0.5% to 4.0% sodium hydroxide, 1.5% sodium hydroxide and 2 % sodium hypochlorite mixed solution, etc., the pH value is 10-12, and the cleaning working pressure is 0.05-1.0MPa. After cleaning with chemical cleaners, rinse with water until nearly neutral.
在超滤过程中,既可单独使用周期性压力波动或者周期性流量波动或者周期性通入惰性气体,也可联合使用,即周期性压力波动和周期性流量波动联合使用,或者周期性压力波动和周期性通入惰性气体联合使用,或者周期性流量波动和周期性通入惰性气体联合使用,或者三者一起联合使用。In the ultrafiltration process, periodic pressure fluctuations or periodic flow fluctuations or periodic inert gas injections can be used alone, or in combination, that is, periodic pressure fluctuations and periodic flow fluctuations are used in combination, or periodic pressure fluctuations It is used in combination with periodic inert gas injection, or in combination with periodic flow fluctuations and inert gas injection, or in combination with the three.
本发明技术步骤(4)中,将超滤液浓缩成浸膏后,再按常规方法制成制剂。例如,可以与任何一种或一种以上药剂学上辅料如淀粉、糊精、乳糖、微晶纤维素、羟丙甲基纤维素、聚乙二醇、硬脂酸镁、微粉硅胶、木糖醇、乳糖醇、葡萄糖、甘氨酸、甘露醇、甘氨酸等混合制成片剂、胶囊、颗粒剂、口服液、缓释制剂、控释制剂、凝胶剂、软膏剂、油膏剂、霜剂、栓剂、注射剂、粉针剂、贴剂、滴丸、混悬剂,等等。In the technical step (4) of the present invention, after the ultrafiltrate is concentrated into an extract, the preparation is then prepared in a conventional manner. For example, it can be mixed with any one or more pharmaceutical excipients such as starch, dextrin, lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, polyethylene glycol, magnesium stearate, micronized silica gel, xylose Alcohol, lactitol, glucose, glycine, mannitol, glycine, etc. are mixed to form tablets, capsules, granules, oral liquids, sustained-release preparations, controlled-release preparations, gels, ointments, ointments, creams, suppositories , injections, powder injections, patches, dripping pills, suspensions, etc.
实验例 本发明药物治疗冠心病临床观察Experimental Example Clinical Observation on Drug Treatment of Coronary Heart Disease of the Present Invention
1.一般资料:按1976年WHO冠心病诊断标准选择30例服用本发明药物为治疗组,30例服用消心痛治疗作对照组进行观察。治疗组男24例,女6例,年龄55~80岁,病程1~10年,其中稳定型心绞痛24例,不稳定型心绞痛6例,合并高血压7例,糖尿病3例。对照组男23例,女7例,年龄52~78岁,病程1年~9年,其中稳定型心绞痛25例,不稳定型心绞痛5例,合并高血压8例,糖尿病2例。1. General information: According to the 1976 WHO diagnostic criteria for coronary heart disease, 30 cases were selected to take the medicine of the present invention as the treatment group, and 30 cases were taken as the control group to be treated with Xiaoxintong for observation. In the treatment group, there were 24 males and 6 females, aged 55 to 80 years, with a course of 1 to 10 years, including 24 cases of stable angina, 6 cases of unstable angina, 7 cases of hypertension and 3 cases of diabetes. In the control group, there were 23 males and 7 females, aged 52-78 years, with a course of 1-9 years, including 25 cases of stable angina, 5 cases of unstable angina, 8 cases of hypertension and 2 cases of diabetes.
2.试验方法:治疗组口服本发明药物,1次3片,每日3次;对照组口服消心痛1次10mg,每日3次。两组疗程各为4周。高血压、糖尿病患者继续服用降压药及降糖药治疗。用药期间若心绞痛发作,临时含服硝酸甘油。于治疗前,治疗期间及治疗结束后,记录心绞痛发作次数、疼痛状况、含硝酸甘油次数,检测血糖、肝功能、BUN及心电图、血压,并记录服药后的不良反应。2. Test method: the treatment group took the medicine of the present invention orally, 3 tablets at a time, 3 times a day; the control group took 10 mg of Xiaoxintong orally, 3 times a day. The course of treatment for the two groups was 4 weeks. Patients with high blood pressure and diabetes continued to take antihypertensive and hypoglycemic drugs for treatment. If angina pectoris occurs during the medication, take nitroglycerin temporarily. Before treatment, during treatment and after treatment, the number of angina pectoris attacks, pain conditions, times of nitroglycerin, blood sugar, liver function, BUN and electrocardiogram, blood pressure were recorded, and adverse reactions after taking the medicine were recorded.
3.疗效判定标准:3. Judgment criteria for curative effect:
3.1心绞痛症状 显效:心绞痛基本消失,不用硝酸甘油;有效:心绞痛发作次数和硝酸甘油用量减半;无效:心绞痛基本未减轻或发作次数减少不到一半;加重:心绞痛发作次数及硝酸甘油用量增加。3.1 Symptoms of angina pectoris Markedly effective: angina pectoris basically disappears without nitroglycerin; effective: the number of angina pectoris attacks and the dosage of nitroglycerin are halved; ineffective: the number of angina pectoris is basically not relieved or the number of attacks is reduced by less than half; exacerbation: the number of angina pectoris attacks and the dosage of nitroglycerin are increased.
3.2心电图 显效:治疗后静息缺血性心电图恢复正常或大致正常;有效:S-T段回升0.05mv左右,T波倒置变浅达50%以上或由平坦转为直立;无效;S-T段、T波变化无改善;加重:S-T段、T波变化加重。3.2 Electrocardiogram Significantly effective: resting ischemic electrocardiogram returned to normal or roughly normal after treatment; effective: S-T segment rebounded by about 0.05mv, T wave inversion became shallower by more than 50% or turned from flat to upright; invalid; S-T segment, T wave Changes without improvement; aggravated: S-T segment, T wave changes aggravated.
4.结果:4. Results:
4.1两组治疗心绞痛症状总有效率(显效加有效)4.1 The total effective rate of treatment of angina pectoris symptoms in the two groups (marked effect plus effective)
治疗组为83.33%,对照组为80%,经X2检验两组疗效P值,无显著性差异。The treatment group was 83.33%, and the control group was 80%. The P value of the curative effect of the two groups was tested by X2 , and there was no significant difference.
4.2两组患者静息缺血性心电图改善总有效率(显效加有效)4.2 The total effective rate of resting ischemic electrocardiogram improvement in the two groups of patients (marked effect plus effective)
治疗组为60%,对照组为56.67%,经X2检验两组疗效P>0.05,无显著性差异。两组治疗前后心率、肝功能,BUN均正常,对血压、血糖无影响。治疗组在治疗期间无任何不良反应出现。The treatment group was 60%, and the control group was 56.67%. The curative effect of the two groups was P>0.05 by X2 test, and there was no significant difference. The heart rate, liver function, and BUN of the two groups were normal before and after treatment, and had no effect on blood pressure and blood sugar. The treatment group had no adverse reactions during the treatment period.
表1 30例冠心病心绞痛症状疗效分析 Table 1 Analysis of curative effect of 30 cases of coronary heart disease with angina pectoris
表2 30例冠心病心绞痛患者静息缺血性心电图疗效分析 Table 2 Analysis of the curative effect of resting ischemic electrocardiogram in 30 patients with coronary heart disease and angina pectoris
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步的阐述。这些实施例仅用于例举的目的,而不是以任何方式限制本发明。The present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with embodiment. These examples are for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the invention in any way.
实施例一Embodiment one
原料药采用丹参450g、赤芍141g、降香油8g。The raw materials are 450g of Salvia miltiorrhiza, 141g of red peony root, and 8g of balsamic oil.
用乙醇提取丹参得到丹参的乙醇提取液,用纱布将此提取液过滤,收集滤液。滤液用截留分子量为6000的二醋酸纤维素膜进行超滤,过滤方式采用错流过滤。超滤工艺的操作条件为:超滤的进液口压力为0.1Mpa,超滤的出液口压力比进液口压力低0.5kPa。超滤初期采用较低压力,然后慢慢升压;在超滤过程中,采用周期性压力波动,压力波动差为0.1Mpa。料液流速为1.0m/s,超滤过程中,采用周期性流量波动以便在膜通道内产生脉动流或不稳定流,流速波动差为1.0m/s,在超滤系统中间歇通入氮气,形成气液脉冲流,周期为0.5h通气一次,每次1分钟。料液温度为15℃,当料液原液被浓缩1/15时,再加水或稀醇溶液超滤1次,料液的PH值控制在5。反冲洗压力为0.15MPa,反冲洗周期为0.5h、反冲洗时间为1min。当将超滤组件并联使用交替反冲的方法时,其中一套或几套进行正常的超滤并分流出一部分滤液来反冲另一套或几套组件的超滤膜,间隔一段时间后交换进行,工作10min,反冲30sec。化学清洗周期为0.5月,化学清洗药剂为0.5%~4.0%氢氧化钠、1.5%氢氧化钠和2%次氯酸钠的混合溶液,pH值为10~12,清洗工作压力为0.05MPa。在用化学清洗剂清洗之后,再用水冲洗至近中性。Extract Danshen with ethanol to obtain ethanol extract of Danshen, filter the extract with gauze, and collect the filtrate. The filtrate was ultrafiltered with a cellulose diacetate membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 6000, and the filtration method was cross-flow filtration. The operating conditions of the ultrafiltration process are: the pressure of the liquid inlet of the ultrafiltration is 0.1Mpa, and the pressure of the liquid outlet of the ultrafiltration is 0.5kPa lower than the pressure of the liquid inlet. In the initial stage of ultrafiltration, a lower pressure is used, and then the pressure is gradually increased; in the process of ultrafiltration, periodic pressure fluctuations are used, and the pressure fluctuation difference is 0.1Mpa. The flow rate of the feed liquid is 1.0m/s. During the ultrafiltration process, periodic flow fluctuations are used to generate pulsating flow or unstable flow in the membrane channel. The difference in flow rate fluctuations is 1.0m/s. Nitrogen is intermittently fed into the ultrafiltration system , to form a gas-liquid pulse flow, and the period is 0.5h to ventilate once, each time for 1 minute. The temperature of the feed liquid is 15°C. When the original feed liquid is concentrated by 1/15, add water or dilute alcohol solution for ultrafiltration once, and the pH value of the feed liquid is controlled at 5. The backwash pressure is 0.15MPa, the backwash cycle is 0.5h, and the backwash time is 1min. When the ultrafiltration modules are connected in parallel to use the method of alternate backflushing, one or several sets perform normal ultrafiltration and part of the filtrate is flowed out to backwash the ultrafiltration membrane of another set or several sets of components, and exchange after a period of time Carry out, work for 10min, recoil for 30sec. The chemical cleaning cycle is 0.5 months, the chemical cleaning agent is a mixed solution of 0.5%-4.0% sodium hydroxide, 1.5% sodium hydroxide and 2% sodium hypochlorite, the pH value is 10-12, and the cleaning working pressure is 0.05MPa. After cleaning with chemical cleaners, rinse with water until nearly neutral.
将所述的超滤液浓缩得到相对密度为1.35~1.39(55℃)的丹参浸膏。将赤芍粉碎成细粉,与丹参浸膏拌均,干燥,制成颗粒,喷入降香油,与上述颗粒混均,压制成1000片,包糖衣,即得。Concentrating the ultrafiltrate to obtain the salvia miltiorrhiza extract with a relative density of 1.35-1.39 (55° C.). Grind Radix Paeoniae Rubra into fine powder, mix with Danshen extract, dry, make granules, spray into balsamic oil, mix with the above granules, press into 1000 tablets, coat with sugar, and get ready.
实施例二Embodiment two
原料药采用丹参558g、赤芍34g、降香油8g。The raw materials are 558g of Salvia miltiorrhiza, 34g of red peony root, and 8g of balsamic oil.
用乙醇提取丹参得到丹参的乙醇提取液,用陶瓷膜进行微滤,收集滤液。滤液用截留分子量为80000的聚砜膜进行超滤,过滤方式采用死端过滤。超滤工艺的操作条件为:超滤的进液口压力为0.5Mpa,超滤的出液口压力比进液口压力低0.25kPa。超滤初期采用较低压力,然后慢慢升压;在超滤过程中,采用周期性压力波动,压力波动差为0.2Mpa。料液流速为4.0m/s,超滤过程中,采用周期性流量波动以便在膜通道内产生脉动流或不稳定流,流速波动差为2.0m/s,在超滤系统中间歇通入氮气,形成气液脉冲流,周期为2h通气一次,每次1分钟。料液温度为50℃,当料液原液被浓缩1/5时,再加水或稀醇溶液超滤2次,料液的PH值控制在9。反冲洗压力为2.5MPa,反冲洗周期为1.5h、反冲洗时间为10min。当将超滤组件并联使用交替反冲的方法时,其中一套或几套进行正常的超滤并分流出一部分滤液来反冲另一套或几套组件的超滤膜,间隔一段时间后交换进行,工作20min,反冲3min。化学清洗周期为2个月,化学清洗药剂为0.5%~4.0%氢氧化钠、1.5%氢氧化钠和2%次氯酸钠的混合溶液,pH值为10~12,清洗工作压力为1.0MPa。在用化学清洗剂清洗之后,再用水冲洗至近中性。Extracting Danshen with ethanol to obtain the ethanol extract of Danshen, microfiltration with ceramic membrane, and collecting the filtrate. The filtrate was ultrafiltered with a polysulfone membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 80,000, and the filtration method was dead-end filtration. The operating conditions of the ultrafiltration process are: the pressure of the liquid inlet of the ultrafiltration is 0.5Mpa, and the pressure of the liquid outlet of the ultrafiltration is 0.25kPa lower than the pressure of the liquid inlet. In the initial stage of ultrafiltration, a lower pressure is used, and then the pressure is gradually increased; in the process of ultrafiltration, periodic pressure fluctuations are adopted, and the pressure fluctuation difference is 0.2Mpa. The flow rate of the feed liquid is 4.0m/s. During the ultrafiltration process, periodic flow fluctuations are used to generate pulsating flow or unstable flow in the membrane channel. The difference in flow rate fluctuations is 2.0m/s. Nitrogen is intermittently fed into the ultrafiltration system , to form a gas-liquid pulse flow, and the period is 2h to ventilate once, each time for 1 minute. The temperature of the feed liquid is 50°C. When the raw liquid of the feed liquid is concentrated by 1/5, add water or dilute alcohol solution for ultrafiltration twice, and the pH value of the feed liquid is controlled at 9. The backwash pressure is 2.5MPa, the backwash cycle is 1.5h, and the backwash time is 10min. When the ultrafiltration modules are connected in parallel to use the method of alternate backflushing, one or several sets perform normal ultrafiltration and part of the filtrate is flowed out to backwash the ultrafiltration membrane of another set or several sets of components, and exchange after a period of time Carry out, work for 20 minutes, recoil for 3 minutes. The chemical cleaning cycle is 2 months, the chemical cleaning agent is a mixed solution of 0.5% to 4.0% sodium hydroxide, 1.5% sodium hydroxide and 2% sodium hypochlorite, the pH value is 10 to 12, and the cleaning working pressure is 1.0MPa. After cleaning with chemical cleaners, rinse with water until nearly neutral.
将所述的超滤液浓缩得到相对密度为1.35~1.39(55℃)的丹参浸膏。将赤芍粉碎成细粉,与丹参浸膏拌均,干燥,制成颗粒,喷入降香油,与上述颗粒混均,加3%聚维酮乙醇溶液制软材,过18目筛制颗粒,60℃干燥30~45分钟,整粒,加入滑石粉,混匀,充于胶囊中,即得。Concentrating the ultrafiltrate to obtain the salvia miltiorrhiza extract with a relative density of 1.35-1.39 (55° C.). Grind Radix Paeoniae Rubra into fine powder, mix with Danshen extract, dry, make granules, spray into balsamic oil, mix with the above granules, add 3% povidone ethanol solution to make soft material, pass through 18-mesh sieve to make granules , dried at 60°C for 30-45 minutes, granulated, added with talcum powder, mixed evenly, filled in capsules, and obtained.
实施例三Embodiment three
原料药采用丹参360g、赤芍232g、降香油8g。The raw materials are 360g of Salvia miltiorrhiza, 232g of red peony root, and 8g of balsamic oil.
用乙醇提取丹参得到丹参的乙醇提取液,将此提取液高速离心后分取上清液。将此液体用截留分子量为50000的聚砜膜进行超滤,过滤方式采用错流过滤。超滤工艺的操作条件为:超滤的进液口压力为0.35Mpa,超滤的出液口压力比进液口压力低0.20kPa。超滤初期采用较低压力,然后慢慢升压;在超滤过程中,采用周期性压力波动,压力波动差为0.2Mpa。料液流速为3.0m/s,超滤过程中,采用周期性流量波动以便在膜通道内产生脉动流或不稳定流,流速波动差为2.0m/s,在超滤系统中间歇通入氮气,形成气液脉冲流,周期为2h通气一次,每次1分钟。料液温度为40℃,当料液原液被浓缩1/8时,再加水或稀醇溶液超滤2次,料液的PH值控制在7.5。反冲洗压力为2.5MPa,反冲洗周期为1.5h、反冲洗时间为10min。当将超滤组件并联使用交替反冲的方法时,其中一套或几套进行正常的超滤并分流出一部分滤液来反冲另一套或几套组件的超滤膜,间隔一段时间后交换进行,工作20min,反冲3min。化学清洗周期为2个月,化学清洗药剂为0.5%~4.0%氢氧化钠、1.5%氢氧化钠和2%次氯酸钠的混合溶液,pH值为10~12,清洗工作压力为1.0MPa。在用化学清洗剂清洗之后,再用水冲洗至近中性。The ethanol extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza was obtained by extracting the salvia miltiorrhiza with ethanol, the extract was centrifuged at high speed and the supernatant was collected. The liquid is ultrafiltered with a polysulfone membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 50,000, and the filtration method adopts cross-flow filtration. The operating conditions of the ultrafiltration process are: the pressure of the liquid inlet of the ultrafiltration is 0.35Mpa, and the pressure of the liquid outlet of the ultrafiltration is 0.20kPa lower than the pressure of the liquid inlet. In the initial stage of ultrafiltration, a lower pressure is used, and then the pressure is gradually increased; in the process of ultrafiltration, periodic pressure fluctuations are adopted, and the pressure fluctuation difference is 0.2Mpa. The flow rate of the feed liquid is 3.0m/s. During the ultrafiltration process, periodic flow fluctuations are used to generate pulsating or unstable flows in the membrane channel. The difference in flow rate fluctuations is 2.0m/s. Nitrogen is intermittently fed into the ultrafiltration system , to form a gas-liquid pulse flow, and the period is 2h to ventilate once, each time for 1 minute. The temperature of the feed liquid is 40°C. When the original feed liquid is concentrated by 1/8, add water or dilute alcohol solution for ultrafiltration twice, and the pH value of the feed liquid is controlled at 7.5. The backwash pressure is 2.5MPa, the backwash cycle is 1.5h, and the backwash time is 10min. When the ultrafiltration modules are connected in parallel to use the method of alternate backflushing, one or several sets perform normal ultrafiltration and part of the filtrate is flowed out to backwash the ultrafiltration membrane of another set or several sets of components, and exchange after a period of time Carry out, work for 20 minutes, recoil for 3 minutes. The chemical cleaning cycle is 2 months, the chemical cleaning agent is a mixed solution of 0.5% to 4.0% sodium hydroxide, 1.5% sodium hydroxide and 2% sodium hypochlorite, the pH value is 10 to 12, and the cleaning working pressure is 1.0MPa. After cleaning with chemical cleaners, rinse with water until nearly neutral.
将所述的超滤液浓缩得到相对密度为1.35~1.39(55℃)的丹参浸膏。将赤芍粉碎成细粉,与丹参浸膏拌均,干燥,制成颗粒,喷入降香油,与上述颗粒混均,压制成1000片,或包糖衣,即得。Concentrating the ultrafiltrate to obtain the salvia miltiorrhiza extract with a relative density of 1.35-1.39 (55° C.). Grind red peony root into fine powder, mix with salvia miltiorrhiza extract, dry, make granules, spray with baldwood oil, mix with the above granules, press into 1000 tablets, or coat with sugar.
实施例四Embodiment four
原料药采用丹参500克,赤芍94克,降香油6克。The raw materials are 500 grams of Danshen, 94 grams of Radix Paeoniae Rubra, and 6 grams of balsamic oil.
将粗粉碎的丹参、赤芍药材至提取罐中,加5倍量水,煎煮2小时,滤过,滤渣进行第二次提取,加入4倍量水,煎1小时,滤过,滤渣弃去,合并滤液。滤液用截留分子量为6000的二醋酸纤维素膜进行超滤,过滤方式采用错流过滤。超滤工艺的操作条件为:超滤的进液口压力为0.1Mpa,超滤的出液口压力比进液口压力低0.5kPa。超滤初期采用较低压力,然后慢慢升压;在超滤过程中,采用周期性压力波动,压力波动差为0.1Mpa。料液流速为1.0m/s,超滤过程中,采用周期性流量波动以便在膜通道内产生脉动流或不稳定流,流速波动差为1.0m/s,在超滤系统中间歇通入氮气,形成气液脉冲流,周期为0.5h通气一次,每次1分钟。料液温度为15℃,当料液原液被浓缩1/15时,再加水或稀醇溶液超滤1次,料液的PH值控制在5。反冲洗压力为0.15MPa,反冲洗周期为0.5h、反冲洗时间为1min。当将超滤组件并联使用交替反冲的方法时,其中一套或几套进行正常的超滤并分流出一部分滤液来反冲另一套或几套组件的超滤膜,间隔一段时间后交换进行,工作10min,反冲30sec。化学清洗周期为0.5月,化学清洗药剂为0.5%~4.0%氢氧化钠、1.5%氢氧化钠和2%次氯酸钠的混合溶液,pH值为10~12,清洗工作压力为0.05MPa。在用化学清洗剂清洗之后,再用水冲洗至近中性。Put the coarsely crushed salvia miltiorrhiza and red peony into the extraction tank, add 5 times the amount of water, decoct for 2 hours, filter, and extract the filter residue for the second time, add 4 times the amount of water, fry for 1 hour, filter, and discard the filter residue To, combine the filtrates. The filtrate was ultrafiltered with a cellulose diacetate membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 6000, and the filtration method was cross-flow filtration. The operating conditions of the ultrafiltration process are: the pressure of the liquid inlet of the ultrafiltration is 0.1Mpa, and the pressure of the liquid outlet of the ultrafiltration is 0.5kPa lower than the pressure of the liquid inlet. In the initial stage of ultrafiltration, a lower pressure is used, and then the pressure is gradually increased; in the process of ultrafiltration, periodic pressure fluctuations are used, and the pressure fluctuation difference is 0.1Mpa. The flow rate of the feed liquid is 1.0m/s. During the ultrafiltration process, periodic flow fluctuations are used to generate pulsating flow or unstable flow in the membrane channel. The difference in flow rate fluctuations is 1.0m/s. Nitrogen is intermittently fed into the ultrafiltration system , to form a gas-liquid pulse flow, and the period is 0.5h to ventilate once, each time for 1 minute. The temperature of the feed liquid is 15°C. When the original feed liquid is concentrated by 1/15, add water or dilute alcohol solution for ultrafiltration once, and the pH value of the feed liquid is controlled at 5. The backwash pressure is 0.15MPa, the backwash cycle is 0.5h, and the backwash time is 1min. When the ultrafiltration modules are connected in parallel to use the method of alternate backflushing, one or several sets perform normal ultrafiltration and part of the filtrate is flowed out to backwash the ultrafiltration membrane of another set or several sets of components, and exchange after a period of time Carry out, work for 10min, recoil for 30sec. The chemical cleaning cycle is 0.5 months, the chemical cleaning agent is a mixed solution of 0.5%-4.0% sodium hydroxide, 1.5% sodium hydroxide and 2% sodium hypochlorite, the pH value is 10-12, and the cleaning working pressure is 0.05MPa. After cleaning with chemical cleaners, rinse with water until nearly neutral.
将所述的超滤液浓缩得到相对密度为1.32~1.40(55℃)的浸膏,喷入降香油,混合均匀,在间歇式流化床内与乳糖流化,干燥,制成颗粒,即得。Concentrate the ultrafiltrate to obtain an extract with a relative density of 1.32 to 1.40 (55° C.), spray it with balm oil, mix evenly, fluidize with lactose in a batch fluidized bed, dry, and make granules, namely have to.
实施例五Embodiment five
原料药采用丹参290克,赤芍306克,降香油6克。The raw materials are 290 grams of Salvia miltiorrhiza, 306 grams of red peony root, and 6 grams of balsamic oil.
将粗粉碎的丹参、赤芍药材至提取罐中,加5倍量水,煎煮2小时,滤过,滤渣进行第二次提取,加入4倍量水,煎1小时,滤过,滤渣弃去,合并滤液。滤液用截留分子量为80000的聚砜膜进行超滤,过滤方式采用死端过滤。超滤工艺的操作条件为:超滤的进液口压力为0.5Mpa,超滤的出液口压力比进液口压力低0.25kPa。超滤初期采用较低压力,然后慢慢升压;在超滤过程中,采用周期性压力波动,压力波动差为0.2Mpa。料液流速为4.0m/s,超滤过程中,采用周期性流量波动以便在膜通道内产生脉动流或不稳定流,流速波动差为2.0m/s,在超滤系统中间歇通入氮气,形成气液脉冲流,周期为2h通气一次,每次1分钟。料液温度为50℃,当料液原液被浓缩1/5时,再加水或稀醇溶液超滤2次,料液的PH值控制在9。反冲洗压力为2.5MPa,反冲洗周期为1.5h、反冲洗时间为10min。当将超滤组件并联使用交替反冲的方法时,其中一套或几套进行正常的超滤并分流出一部分滤液来反冲另一套或几套组件的超滤膜,间隔一段时间后交换进行,工作20min,反冲3min。化学清洗周期为2个月,化学清洗药剂为0.5%~4.0%氢氧化钠、1.5%氢氧化钠和2%次氯酸钠的混合溶液,pH值为10~12,清洗工作压力为1.0MPa。在用化学清洗剂清洗之后,再用水冲洗至近中性。Put the coarsely crushed salvia miltiorrhiza and red peony into the extraction tank, add 5 times the amount of water, decoct for 2 hours, filter, and extract the filter residue for the second time, add 4 times the amount of water, fry for 1 hour, filter, and discard the filter residue To, combine the filtrates. The filtrate was ultrafiltered with a polysulfone membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 80,000, and the filtration method was dead-end filtration. The operating conditions of the ultrafiltration process are: the pressure of the liquid inlet of the ultrafiltration is 0.5Mpa, and the pressure of the liquid outlet of the ultrafiltration is 0.25kPa lower than the pressure of the liquid inlet. In the initial stage of ultrafiltration, a lower pressure is used, and then the pressure is gradually increased; in the process of ultrafiltration, periodic pressure fluctuations are adopted, and the pressure fluctuation difference is 0.2Mpa. The flow rate of the feed liquid is 4.0m/s. During the ultrafiltration process, periodic flow fluctuations are used to generate pulsating flow or unstable flow in the membrane channel. The difference in flow rate fluctuations is 2.0m/s. Nitrogen is intermittently fed into the ultrafiltration system , to form a gas-liquid pulse flow, and the period is 2h to ventilate once, each time for 1 minute. The temperature of the feed liquid is 50°C. When the raw liquid of the feed liquid is concentrated by 1/5, add water or dilute alcohol solution for ultrafiltration twice, and the pH value of the feed liquid is controlled at 9. The backwash pressure is 2.5MPa, the backwash cycle is 1.5h, and the backwash time is 10min. When the ultrafiltration modules are connected in parallel to use the method of alternate backflushing, one or several sets perform normal ultrafiltration and part of the filtrate is flowed out to backwash the ultrafiltration membrane of another set or several sets of components, and exchange after a period of time Carry out, work for 20 minutes, recoil for 3 minutes. The chemical cleaning cycle is 2 months, the chemical cleaning agent is a mixed solution of 0.5% to 4.0% sodium hydroxide, 1.5% sodium hydroxide and 2% sodium hypochlorite, the pH value is 10 to 12, and the cleaning working pressure is 1.0MPa. After cleaning with chemical cleaners, rinse with water until nearly neutral.
将所述的超滤液浓缩得到相对密度为1.32~1.40(55℃)的浸膏,将此浸膏与适量的硬脂酸镁混合均匀,喷入降香油,与上述颗粒混均,压制成片,包薄膜衣。Concentrate the ultrafiltrate to obtain an extract with a relative density of 1.32 to 1.40 (55°C), mix the extract with an appropriate amount of magnesium stearate, spray it with balm oil, mix it with the above granules, and press it into Tablets, film-coated.
实施例六Embodiment six
原料药采用丹参210克,赤芍380克,降香油4克。The raw materials are 210 grams of Salvia miltiorrhiza, 380 grams of red peony root, and 4 grams of balsamic oil.
将粗粉碎的丹参、赤芍药材至提取罐中,加5倍量水,煎煮2小时,滤过,滤渣进行第二次提取,加入4倍量水,煎1小时,滤过,滤渣弃去,合并滤液。滤液用截留分子量为50000的聚砜膜进行超滤,过滤方式采用错流过滤。超滤工艺的操作条件为:超滤的进液口压力为0.35Mpa,超滤的出液口压力比进液口压力低0.20kPa。超滤初期采用较低压力,然后慢慢升压;在超滤过程中,采用周期性压力波动,压力波动差为0.2Mpa。料液流速为3.0m/s,超滤过程中,采用周期性流量波动以便在膜通道内产生脉动流或不稳定流,流速波动差为2.0m/s,在超滤系统中间歇通入氮气,形成气液脉冲流,周期为2h通气一次,每次1分钟。料液温度为40℃,当料液原液被浓缩1/8时,再加水或稀醇溶液超滤2次,料液的PH值控制在7.5。反冲洗压力为2.5MPa,反冲洗周期为1.5h、反冲洗时间为10min。当将超滤组件并联使用交替反冲的方法时,其中一套或几套进行正常的超滤并分流出一部分滤液来反冲另一套或几套组件的超滤膜,间隔一段时间后交换进行,工作20min,反冲3min。化学清洗周期为2个月,化学清洗药剂为0.5%~4.0%氢氧化钠、1.5%氢氧化钠和2%次氯酸钠的混合溶液,pH值为10~12,清洗工作压力为1.0MPa。在用化学清洗剂清洗之后,再用水冲洗至近中性。Put the coarsely crushed salvia miltiorrhiza and red peony into the extraction tank, add 5 times the amount of water, decoct for 2 hours, filter, and extract the filter residue for the second time, add 4 times the amount of water, fry for 1 hour, filter, and discard the filter residue To, combine the filtrates. The filtrate was ultrafiltered with a polysulfone membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 50,000, and the filtration method was cross-flow filtration. The operating conditions of the ultrafiltration process are: the pressure of the liquid inlet of the ultrafiltration is 0.35Mpa, and the pressure of the liquid outlet of the ultrafiltration is 0.20kPa lower than the pressure of the liquid inlet. In the initial stage of ultrafiltration, a lower pressure is used, and then the pressure is gradually increased; in the process of ultrafiltration, periodic pressure fluctuations are adopted, and the pressure fluctuation difference is 0.2Mpa. The flow rate of the feed liquid is 3.0m/s. During the ultrafiltration process, periodic flow fluctuations are used to generate pulsating or unstable flows in the membrane channel. The difference in flow rate fluctuations is 2.0m/s. Nitrogen is intermittently fed into the ultrafiltration system , to form a gas-liquid pulse flow, and the period is 2h to ventilate once, each time for 1 minute. The temperature of the feed liquid is 40°C. When the original feed liquid is concentrated by 1/8, add water or dilute alcohol solution for ultrafiltration twice, and the pH value of the feed liquid is controlled at 7.5. The backwash pressure is 2.5MPa, the backwash cycle is 1.5h, and the backwash time is 10min. When the ultrafiltration modules are connected in parallel to use the method of alternate backflushing, one or several sets perform normal ultrafiltration and part of the filtrate is flowed out to backwash the ultrafiltration membrane of another set or several sets of components, and exchange after a period of time Carry out, work for 20 minutes, recoil for 3 minutes. The chemical cleaning cycle is 2 months, the chemical cleaning agent is a mixed solution of 0.5% to 4.0% sodium hydroxide, 1.5% sodium hydroxide and 2% sodium hypochlorite, the pH value is 10 to 12, and the cleaning working pressure is 1.0MPa. After cleaning with chemical cleaners, rinse with water until nearly neutral.
将所述的超滤液浓缩得到相对密度为1.32~1.40(55℃)的浸膏,将此浸膏与适量的硬脂酸镁混合均匀,喷入降香油,与上述颗粒混均,压制成片剂。Concentrate the ultrafiltrate to obtain an extract with a relative density of 1.32 to 1.40 (55°C), mix the extract with an appropriate amount of magnesium stearate, spray it with balm oil, mix it with the above granules, and press it into tablet.
实施例七Embodiment seven
原料药采用丹参450g、赤芍141g、苏合香8g。The raw materials are 450g of Danshen, 141g of Radix Paeoniae Rubra, and 8g of Styrax.
用乙醇提取丹参得到丹参的乙醇提取液,用纱布将此提取液过滤,收集滤液。滤液用截留分子量为6000的二醋酸纤维素膜进行超滤,过滤方式采用错流过滤。超滤工艺的操作条件为:超滤的进液口压力为0.1Mpa,超滤的出液口压力比进液口压力低0.5kPa。超滤初期采用较低压力,然后慢慢升压;在超滤过程中,采用周期性压力波动,压力波动差为0.1Mpa。料液流速为1.0m/s,超滤过程中,采用周期性流量波动以便在膜通道内产生脉动流或不稳定流,流速波动差为1.0m/s,在超滤系统中间歇通入氮气,形成气液脉冲流,周期为0.5h通气一次,每次1分钟。料液温度为15℃,当料液原液被浓缩1/15时,再加水或稀醇溶液超滤1次,料液的PH值控制在5。反冲洗压力为0.15MPa,反冲洗周期为0.5h、反冲洗时间为1min。当将超滤组件并联使用交替反冲的方法时,其中一套或几套进行正常的超滤并分流出一部分滤液来反冲另一套或几套组件的超滤膜,间隔一段时间后交换进行,工作10min,反冲30sec。化学清洗周期为0.5月,化学清洗药剂为0.5%~4.0%氢氧化钠、1.5%氢氧化钠和2%次氯酸钠的混合溶液,pH值为10~12,清洗工作压力为0.05MPa。在用化学清洗剂清洗之后,再用水冲洗至近中性。Extract Danshen with ethanol to obtain ethanol extract of Danshen, filter the extract with gauze, and collect the filtrate. The filtrate was ultrafiltered with a cellulose diacetate membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 6000, and the filtration method was cross-flow filtration. The operating conditions of the ultrafiltration process are: the pressure of the liquid inlet of the ultrafiltration is 0.1Mpa, and the pressure of the liquid outlet of the ultrafiltration is 0.5kPa lower than the pressure of the liquid inlet. In the initial stage of ultrafiltration, a lower pressure is used, and then the pressure is gradually increased; in the process of ultrafiltration, periodic pressure fluctuations are used, and the pressure fluctuation difference is 0.1Mpa. The flow rate of the feed liquid is 1.0m/s. During the ultrafiltration process, periodic flow fluctuations are used to generate pulsating flow or unstable flow in the membrane channel. The difference in flow rate fluctuations is 1.0m/s. Nitrogen is intermittently fed into the ultrafiltration system , to form a gas-liquid pulse flow, and the period is 0.5h to ventilate once, each time for 1 minute. The temperature of the feed liquid is 15°C. When the original feed liquid is concentrated by 1/15, add water or dilute alcohol solution for ultrafiltration once, and the pH value of the feed liquid is controlled at 5. The backwash pressure is 0.15MPa, the backwash cycle is 0.5h, and the backwash time is 1min. When the ultrafiltration modules are connected in parallel to use the method of alternate backflushing, one or several sets perform normal ultrafiltration and part of the filtrate is flowed out to backwash the ultrafiltration membrane of another set or several sets of components, and exchange after a period of time Carry out, work for 10min, recoil for 30sec. The chemical cleaning cycle is 0.5 months, the chemical cleaning agent is a mixed solution of 0.5%-4.0% sodium hydroxide, 1.5% sodium hydroxide and 2% sodium hypochlorite, the pH value is 10-12, and the cleaning working pressure is 0.05MPa. After cleaning with chemical cleaners, rinse with water until nearly neutral.
将所述的超滤液浓缩得到相对密度为1.35~1.39(55℃)的丹参浸膏。将赤芍粉碎成细粉,与丹参浸膏拌均,干燥,制成颗粒,加入苏合香,混均,压制成1000片,包糖衣,即得。Concentrating the ultrafiltrate to obtain the salvia miltiorrhiza extract with a relative density of 1.35-1.39 (55° C.). Grind red peony into fine powder, mix with Danshen extract, dry, make granules, add Styrax, mix evenly, press into 1000 tablets, coat with sugar, and get ready.
实施例八Embodiment Eight
原料药采用丹参558g、赤芍34g、苏合香8g。The raw materials are 558g of Danshen, 34g of Radix Paeoniae Rubra, and 8g of Styrax.
用乙醇提取丹参得到丹参的乙醇提取液,用陶瓷膜进行微滤,收集滤液。滤液用截留分子量为80000的聚砜膜进行超滤,过滤方式采用死端过滤。超滤工艺的操作条件为:超滤的进液口压力为0.5Mpa,超滤的出液口压力比进液口压力低0.25kPa。超滤初期采用较低压力,然后慢慢升压;在超滤过程中,采用周期性压力波动,压力波动差为0.2Mpa。料液流速为4.0m/s,超滤过程中,采用周期性流量波动以便在膜通道内产生脉动流或不稳定流,流速波动差为2.0m/s,在超滤系统中间歇通入氮气,形成气液脉冲流,周期为2h通气一次,每次1分钟。料液温度为50℃,当料液原液被浓缩1/5时,再加水或稀醇溶液超滤2次,料液的PH值控制在9。反冲洗压力为2.5MPa,反冲洗周期为1.5h、反冲洗时间为10min。当将超滤组件并联使用交替反冲的方法时,其中一套或几套进行正常的超滤并分流出一部分滤液来反冲另一套或几套组件的超滤膜,间隔一段时间后交换进行,工作20min,反冲3min。化学清洗周期为2个月,化学清洗药剂为0.5%~4.0%氢氧化钠、1.5%氢氧化钠和2%次氯酸钠的混合溶液,pH值为10~12,清洗工作压力为1.0MPa。在用化学清洗剂清洗之后,再用水冲洗至近中性。Extracting Danshen with ethanol to obtain the ethanol extract of Danshen, microfiltration with ceramic membrane, and collecting the filtrate. The filtrate was ultrafiltered with a polysulfone membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 80,000, and the filtration method was dead-end filtration. The operating conditions of the ultrafiltration process are: the pressure of the liquid inlet of the ultrafiltration is 0.5Mpa, and the pressure of the liquid outlet of the ultrafiltration is 0.25kPa lower than the pressure of the liquid inlet. In the initial stage of ultrafiltration, a lower pressure is used, and then the pressure is gradually increased; in the process of ultrafiltration, periodic pressure fluctuations are adopted, and the pressure fluctuation difference is 0.2Mpa. The flow rate of the feed liquid is 4.0m/s. During the ultrafiltration process, periodic flow fluctuations are used to generate pulsating flow or unstable flow in the membrane channel. The difference in flow rate fluctuations is 2.0m/s. Nitrogen is intermittently fed into the ultrafiltration system , to form a gas-liquid pulse flow, and the period is 2h to ventilate once, each time for 1 minute. The temperature of the feed liquid is 50°C. When the raw liquid of the feed liquid is concentrated by 1/5, add water or dilute alcohol solution for ultrafiltration twice, and the pH value of the feed liquid is controlled at 9. The backwash pressure is 2.5MPa, the backwash cycle is 1.5h, and the backwash time is 10min. When the ultrafiltration modules are connected in parallel to use the method of alternate backflushing, one or several sets perform normal ultrafiltration and part of the filtrate is flowed out to backwash the ultrafiltration membrane of another set or several sets of components, and exchange after a period of time Carry out, work for 20 minutes, recoil for 3 minutes. The chemical cleaning cycle is 2 months, the chemical cleaning agent is a mixed solution of 0.5% to 4.0% sodium hydroxide, 1.5% sodium hydroxide and 2% sodium hypochlorite, the pH value is 10 to 12, and the cleaning working pressure is 1.0MPa. After cleaning with chemical cleaners, rinse with water until nearly neutral.
将所述的超滤液浓缩得到相对密度为1.35~1.39(55℃)的丹参浸膏。将赤芍粉碎成细粉,与丹参浸膏拌均,将苏合香研细,与上述颗粒混均,加3%聚维酮乙醇溶液制软材,过18目筛制颗粒,60℃干燥30~45分钟,整粒,加入滑石粉,混匀,充于胶囊中,即得。Concentrating the ultrafiltrate to obtain the salvia miltiorrhiza extract with a relative density of 1.35-1.39 (55° C.). Grind Radix Paeoniae Rubra into fine powder, mix with Salvia Miltiorrhiza Extract, grind Styrax into fine powder, mix with the above granules, add 3% povidone ethanol solution to make soft material, pass through 18 mesh sieve to make granules, dry at 60°C for 30~ After 45 minutes, whole grains, add talcum powder, mix well, fill in capsules, and get ready.
实施例九Embodiment nine
原料药采用丹参360g、赤芍232g、苏合香8g。The raw materials are 360g of Danshen, 232g of Radix Paeoniae Rubra, and 8g of Styrax.
用乙醇提取丹参得到丹参的乙醇提取液,将此提取液高速离心后分取上清液。将此液体用截留分子量为50000的聚砜膜进行超滤,过滤方式采用错流过滤。超滤工艺的操作条件为:超滤的进液口压力为0.35Mpa,超滤的出液口压力比进液口压力低0.20kPa。超滤初期采用较低压力,然后慢慢升压;在超滤过程中,采用周期性压力波动,压力波动差为0.2Mpa。料液流速为3.0m/s,超滤过程中,采用周期性流量波动以便在膜通道内产生脉动流或不稳定流,流速波动差为2.0m/s,在超滤系统中间歇通入氮气,形成气液脉冲流,周期为2h通气一次,每次1分钟。料液温度为40℃,当料液原液被浓缩1/8时,再加水或稀醇溶液超滤2次,料液的PH值控制在7.5。反冲洗压力为2.5MPa,反冲洗周期为1.5h、反冲洗时间为10min。当将超滤组件并联使用交替反冲的方法时,其中一套或几套进行正常的超滤并分流出一部分滤液来反冲另一套或几套组件的超滤膜,间隔一段时间后交换进行,工作20min,反冲3min。化学清洗周期为2个月,化学清洗药剂为0.5%~4.0%氢氧化钠、1.5%氢氧化钠和2%次氯酸钠的混合溶液,pH值为10~12,清洗工作压力为1.0MPa。在用化学清洗剂清洗之后,再用水冲洗至近中性。The ethanol extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza was obtained by extracting the salvia miltiorrhiza with ethanol, the extract was centrifuged at high speed and the supernatant was collected. The liquid is ultrafiltered with a polysulfone membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 50,000, and the filtration method adopts cross-flow filtration. The operating conditions of the ultrafiltration process are: the pressure of the liquid inlet of the ultrafiltration is 0.35Mpa, and the pressure of the liquid outlet of the ultrafiltration is 0.20kPa lower than the pressure of the liquid inlet. In the initial stage of ultrafiltration, a lower pressure is used, and then the pressure is gradually increased; in the process of ultrafiltration, periodic pressure fluctuations are adopted, and the pressure fluctuation difference is 0.2Mpa. The flow rate of the feed liquid is 3.0m/s. During the ultrafiltration process, periodic flow fluctuations are used to generate pulsating or unstable flows in the membrane channel. The difference in flow rate fluctuations is 2.0m/s. Nitrogen is intermittently fed into the ultrafiltration system , to form a gas-liquid pulse flow, and the period is 2h to ventilate once, each time for 1 minute. The temperature of the feed liquid is 40°C. When the original feed liquid is concentrated by 1/8, add water or dilute alcohol solution for ultrafiltration twice, and the pH value of the feed liquid is controlled at 7.5. The backwash pressure is 2.5MPa, the backwash cycle is 1.5h, and the backwash time is 10min. When the ultrafiltration modules are connected in parallel to use the method of alternate backflushing, one or several sets perform normal ultrafiltration and part of the filtrate is flowed out to backwash the ultrafiltration membrane of another set or several sets of components, and exchange after a period of time Carry out, work for 20 minutes, recoil for 3 minutes. The chemical cleaning cycle is 2 months, the chemical cleaning agent is a mixed solution of 0.5% to 4.0% sodium hydroxide, 1.5% sodium hydroxide and 2% sodium hypochlorite, the pH value is 10 to 12, and the cleaning working pressure is 1.0MPa. After cleaning with chemical cleaners, rinse with water until nearly neutral.
将所述的超滤液浓缩得到相对密度为1.35~1.39(55℃)的丹参浸膏。将赤芍粉碎成细粉,与丹参浸膏拌均,干燥,制成颗粒,加入苏合香,混均,压制成1000片,或包糖衣,即得。Concentrating the ultrafiltrate to obtain the salvia miltiorrhiza extract with a relative density of 1.35-1.39 (55° C.). Grind red peony root into fine powder, mix with salvia miltiorrhiza extract, dry, make granules, add styrax, mix well, press into 1000 tablets, or coat with sugar, to get ready.
实施例十Embodiment ten
原料药采用丹参500克,赤芍94克,苏合香6克。The raw materials are 500 grams of Danshen, 94 grams of Radix Paeoniae Rubra, and 6 grams of Styrax.
将粗粉碎的丹参、赤芍药材至提取罐中,加5倍量水,煎煮2小时,滤过,滤渣进行第二次提取,加入4倍量水,煎1小时,滤过,滤渣弃去,合并滤液。滤液用截留分子量为6000的二醋酸纤维素膜进行超滤,过滤方式采用错流过滤。超滤工艺的操作条件为:超滤的进液口压力为0.1Mpa,超滤的出液口压力比进液口压力低0.5kPa。超滤初期采用较低压力,然后慢慢升压;在超滤过程中,采用周期性压力波动,压力波动差为0.1Mpa。料液流速为1.0m/s,超滤过程中,采用周期性流量波动以便在膜通道内产生脉动流或不稳定流,流速波动差为1.0m/s,在超滤系统中间歇通入氮气,形成气液脉冲流,周期为0.5h通气一次,每次1分钟。料液温度为15℃,当料液原液被浓缩1/15时,再加水或稀醇溶液超滤1次,料液的PH值控制在5。反冲洗压力为0.15MPa,反冲洗周期为0.5h、反冲洗时间为1min。当将超滤组件并联使用交替反冲的方法时,其中一套或几套进行正常的超滤并分流出一部分滤液来反冲另一套或几套组件的超滤膜,间隔一段时间后交换进行,工作10min,反冲30sec。化学清洗周期为0.5月,化学清洗药剂为0.5%~4.0%氢氧化钠、1.5%氢氧化钠和2%次氯酸钠的混合溶液,pH值为10~12,清洗工作压力为0.05MPa。在用化学清洗剂清洗之后,再用水冲洗至近中性。Put the coarsely crushed salvia miltiorrhiza and red peony into the extraction tank, add 5 times the amount of water, decoct for 2 hours, filter, and extract the filter residue for the second time, add 4 times the amount of water, fry for 1 hour, filter, and discard the filter residue To, combine the filtrates. The filtrate was ultrafiltered with a cellulose diacetate membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 6000, and the filtration method was cross-flow filtration. The operating conditions of the ultrafiltration process are: the pressure of the liquid inlet of the ultrafiltration is 0.1Mpa, and the pressure of the liquid outlet of the ultrafiltration is 0.5kPa lower than the pressure of the liquid inlet. In the initial stage of ultrafiltration, a lower pressure is used, and then the pressure is gradually increased; in the process of ultrafiltration, periodic pressure fluctuations are used, and the pressure fluctuation difference is 0.1Mpa. The flow rate of the feed liquid is 1.0m/s. During the ultrafiltration process, periodic flow fluctuations are used to generate pulsating flow or unstable flow in the membrane channel. The difference in flow rate fluctuations is 1.0m/s. Nitrogen is intermittently fed into the ultrafiltration system , to form a gas-liquid pulse flow, and the period is 0.5h to ventilate once, each time for 1 minute. The temperature of the feed liquid is 15°C. When the original feed liquid is concentrated by 1/15, add water or dilute alcohol solution for ultrafiltration once, and the pH value of the feed liquid is controlled at 5. The backwash pressure is 0.15MPa, the backwash cycle is 0.5h, and the backwash time is 1min. When the ultrafiltration modules are connected in parallel to use the method of alternate backflushing, one or several sets perform normal ultrafiltration and part of the filtrate is flowed out to backwash the ultrafiltration membrane of another set or several sets of components, and exchange after a period of time Carry out, work for 10min, recoil for 30sec. The chemical cleaning cycle is 0.5 months, the chemical cleaning agent is a mixed solution of 0.5%-4.0% sodium hydroxide, 1.5% sodium hydroxide and 2% sodium hypochlorite, the pH value is 10-12, and the cleaning working pressure is 0.05MPa. After cleaning with chemical cleaners, rinse with water until nearly neutral.
将所述的超滤液浓缩得到相对密度为1.32~1.40(55℃)的浸膏,加入苏合香,混合均匀,在间歇式流化床内与乳糖流化,干燥,制成颗粒,即得。Concentrate the ultrafiltrate to obtain an extract with a relative density of 1.32-1.40 (55° C.), add styrax, mix evenly, fluidize with lactose in a batch fluidized bed, dry, and make granules.
实施例十一Embodiment Eleven
原料药采用丹参290克,赤芍306克,苏合香6克。The raw materials are 290 grams of Danshen, 306 grams of Radix Paeoniae Rubra, and 6 grams of Styrax.
将粗粉碎的丹参、赤芍药材至提取罐中,加5倍量水,煎煮2小时,滤过,滤渣进行第二次提取,加入4倍量水,煎1小时,滤过,滤渣弃去,合并滤液。滤液用截留分子量为80000的聚砜膜进行超滤,过滤方式采用死端过滤。超滤工艺的操作条件为:超滤的进液口压力为0.5Mpa,超滤的出液口压力比进液口压力低0.25kPa。超滤初期采用较低压力,然后慢慢升压;在超滤过程中,采用周期性压力波动,压力波动差为0.2Mpa。料液流速为4.0m/s,超滤过程中,采用周期性流量波动以便在膜通道内产生脉动流或不稳定流,流速波动差为2.0m/s,在超滤系统中间歇通入氮气,形成气液脉冲流,周期为2h通气一次,每次1分钟。料液温度为50℃,当料液原液被浓缩1/5时,再加水或稀醇溶液超滤2次,料液的PH值控制在9。反冲洗压力为2.5MPa,反冲洗周期为1.5h、反冲洗时间为10min。当将超滤组件并联使用交替反冲的方法时,其中一套或几套进行正常的超滤并分流出一部分滤液来反冲另一套或几套组件的超滤膜,间隔一段时间后交换进行,工作20min,反冲3min。化学清洗周期为2个月,化学清洗药剂为0.5%~4.0%氢氧化钠、1.5%氢氧化钠和2%次氯酸钠的混合溶液,pH值为10~12,清洗工作压力为1.0MPa。在用化学清洗剂清洗之后,再用水冲洗至近中性。Put the coarsely crushed salvia miltiorrhiza and red peony into the extraction tank, add 5 times the amount of water, decoct for 2 hours, filter, and extract the filter residue for the second time, add 4 times the amount of water, fry for 1 hour, filter, and discard the filter residue To, combine the filtrates. The filtrate was ultrafiltered with a polysulfone membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 80,000, and the filtration method was dead-end filtration. The operating conditions of the ultrafiltration process are: the pressure of the liquid inlet of the ultrafiltration is 0.5Mpa, and the pressure of the liquid outlet of the ultrafiltration is 0.25kPa lower than the pressure of the liquid inlet. In the initial stage of ultrafiltration, a lower pressure is used, and then the pressure is gradually increased; in the process of ultrafiltration, periodic pressure fluctuations are adopted, and the pressure fluctuation difference is 0.2Mpa. The flow rate of the feed liquid is 4.0m/s. During the ultrafiltration process, periodic flow fluctuations are used to generate pulsating flow or unstable flow in the membrane channel. The difference in flow rate fluctuations is 2.0m/s. Nitrogen is intermittently fed into the ultrafiltration system , to form a gas-liquid pulse flow, and the period is 2h to ventilate once, each time for 1 minute. The temperature of the feed liquid is 50°C. When the raw liquid of the feed liquid is concentrated by 1/5, add water or dilute alcohol solution for ultrafiltration twice, and the pH value of the feed liquid is controlled at 9. The backwash pressure is 2.5MPa, the backwash cycle is 1.5h, and the backwash time is 10min. When the ultrafiltration modules are connected in parallel to use the method of alternate backflushing, one or several sets perform normal ultrafiltration and part of the filtrate is flowed out to backwash the ultrafiltration membrane of another set or several sets of components, and exchange after a period of time Carry out, work for 20 minutes, recoil for 3 minutes. The chemical cleaning cycle is 2 months, the chemical cleaning agent is a mixed solution of 0.5% to 4.0% sodium hydroxide, 1.5% sodium hydroxide and 2% sodium hypochlorite, the pH value is 10 to 12, and the cleaning working pressure is 1.0MPa. After cleaning with chemical cleaners, rinse with water until nearly neutral.
将所述的超滤液浓缩得到相对密度为1.32~1.40(55℃)的浸膏,加入苏合香,再加甘露醇30g、依地酸钙钠5g、蒸馏水5ml,上述组分混匀后,冷冻干燥,分装,即得。Concentrate the ultrafiltrate to obtain an extract with a relative density of 1.32-1.40 (55°C), add styrax, add 30 g of mannitol, 5 g of calcium sodium edetate, and 5 ml of distilled water, mix the above components, and freeze Dry, sub-package, that is.
实施例十二Embodiment 12
原料药采用丹参210克,赤芍380克,苏合香4克。The raw materials are 210 grams of Danshen, 380 grams of Radix Paeoniae Rubra, and 4 grams of Styrax.
将粗粉碎的丹参、赤芍药材至提取罐中,加5倍量水,煎煮2小时,滤过,滤渣进行第二次提取,加入4倍量水,煎1小时,滤过,滤渣弃去,合并滤液。滤液用截留分子量为50000的聚砜膜进行超滤,过滤方式采用错流过滤。超滤工艺的操作条件为:超滤的进液口压力为0.35Mpa,超滤的出液口压力比进液口压力低0.20kPa。超滤初期采用较低压力,然后慢慢升压;在超滤过程中,采用周期性压力波动,压力波动差为0.2Mpa。料液流速为3.0m/s,超滤过程中,采用周期性流量波动以便在膜通道内产生脉动流或不稳定流,流速波动差为2.0m/s,在超滤系统中间歇通入氮气,形成气液脉冲流,周期为2h通气一次,每次1分钟。料液温度为40℃,当料液原液被浓缩1/8时,再加水或稀醇溶液超滤2次,料液的PH值控制在7.5。反冲洗压力为2.5MPa,反冲洗周期为1.5h、反冲洗时间为10min。当将超滤组件并联使用交替反冲的方法时,其中一套或几套进行正常的超滤并分流出一部分滤液来反冲另一套或几套组件的超滤膜,间隔一段时间后交换进行,工作20min,反冲3min。化学清洗周期为2个月,化学清洗药剂为0.5%~4.0%氢氧化钠、1.5%氢氧化钠和2%次氯酸钠的混合溶液,pH值为10~12,清洗工作压力为1.0MPa。在用化学清洗剂清洗之后,再用水冲洗至近中性。Put the coarsely crushed salvia miltiorrhiza and red peony into the extraction tank, add 5 times the amount of water, decoct for 2 hours, filter, and extract the filter residue for the second time, add 4 times the amount of water, fry for 1 hour, filter, and discard the filter residue To, combine the filtrates. The filtrate was ultrafiltered with a polysulfone membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 50,000, and the filtration method was cross-flow filtration. The operating conditions of the ultrafiltration process are: the pressure of the liquid inlet of the ultrafiltration is 0.35Mpa, and the pressure of the liquid outlet of the ultrafiltration is 0.20kPa lower than the pressure of the liquid inlet. In the initial stage of ultrafiltration, a lower pressure is used, and then the pressure is gradually increased; in the process of ultrafiltration, periodic pressure fluctuations are adopted, and the pressure fluctuation difference is 0.2Mpa. The flow rate of the feed liquid is 3.0m/s. During the ultrafiltration process, periodic flow fluctuations are used to generate pulsating or unstable flows in the membrane channel. The difference in flow rate fluctuations is 2.0m/s. Nitrogen is intermittently fed into the ultrafiltration system , to form a gas-liquid pulse flow, and the period is 2h to ventilate once, each time for 1 minute. The temperature of the feed liquid is 40°C. When the original feed liquid is concentrated by 1/8, add water or dilute alcohol solution for ultrafiltration twice, and the pH value of the feed liquid is controlled at 7.5. The backwash pressure is 2.5MPa, the backwash cycle is 1.5h, and the backwash time is 10min. When the ultrafiltration modules are connected in parallel to use the method of alternate backflushing, one or several sets perform normal ultrafiltration and part of the filtrate is flowed out to backwash the ultrafiltration membrane of another set or several sets of components, and exchange after a period of time Carry out, work for 20 minutes, recoil for 3 minutes. The chemical cleaning cycle is 2 months, the chemical cleaning agent is a mixed solution of 0.5% to 4.0% sodium hydroxide, 1.5% sodium hydroxide and 2% sodium hypochlorite, the pH value is 10 to 12, and the cleaning working pressure is 1.0MPa. After cleaning with chemical cleaners, rinse with water until nearly neutral.
将所述的超滤液浓缩得到相对密度为1.32~1.40(55℃)的浸膏,将此浸膏与适量的硬脂酸镁混合均匀,加入苏合香,混均,压制成片剂。Concentrate the ultrafiltrate to obtain an extract with a relative density of 1.32-1.40 (55° C.), mix the extract with an appropriate amount of magnesium stearate, add styrax, mix evenly, and press into tablets.
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CN1074121A (en) * | 1992-10-24 | 1993-07-14 | 广西卫生学校附属药厂 | A kind of production method for the treatment of the coronary heart disease Chinese medicinal tablet |
CN1190006A (en) * | 1997-02-05 | 1998-08-12 | 龙险峰 | Compound red sage injecta and its preparation |
CN1242199A (en) * | 1998-07-17 | 2000-01-26 | 张家口市长城制药厂 | Process for producing powder injection of compound red sage root medicine |
CN1368295A (en) * | 2001-02-06 | 2002-09-11 | 杨孟君 | Nano medicine 'Xiangdan' and its preparing process |
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CN1074121A (en) * | 1992-10-24 | 1993-07-14 | 广西卫生学校附属药厂 | A kind of production method for the treatment of the coronary heart disease Chinese medicinal tablet |
CN1190006A (en) * | 1997-02-05 | 1998-08-12 | 龙险峰 | Compound red sage injecta and its preparation |
CN1242199A (en) * | 1998-07-17 | 2000-01-26 | 张家口市长城制药厂 | Process for producing powder injection of compound red sage root medicine |
CN1368295A (en) * | 2001-02-06 | 2002-09-11 | 杨孟君 | Nano medicine 'Xiangdan' and its preparing process |
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