CN1745100A - 因子ⅷ多肽 - Google Patents
因子ⅷ多肽 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1745100A CN1745100A CNA2003801093319A CN200380109331A CN1745100A CN 1745100 A CN1745100 A CN 1745100A CN A2003801093319 A CNA2003801093319 A CN A2003801093319A CN 200380109331 A CN200380109331 A CN 200380109331A CN 1745100 A CN1745100 A CN 1745100A
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Abstract
本申请公开了在残基741至1689区域内包含氨基酸内缺失的因子VIII多肽,与人因子VIII相比,其中存在约741和约1689位的凝血酶切割位点,而不存在约1648位的位点。
Description
发明领域:
本发明涉及比全长因子VIII更稳定的因子VIII多肽。本发明还涉及将因子VIII多肽给与受试者以治疗血液病症的方法。本发明进一步涉及包括编码因子VIII多肽的DNA的核酸构建体。本发明涉及通过将该基因构建体给与受试者而在哺乳动物中表达因子VIII的方法。本发明进一步涉及该因子VIII多肽的特异性抗体。
一般背景和现有技术水平:
由因子VIII(FVIII)定量或定性的不足导致的甲型血友病使得通过血浆或重组来源的FVIII制剂的外来补充成为必需。FVIII具有A1-A2-B-A3-C1-C2的域结构且作为具有2,351个氨基酸的280kDa单链糖蛋白合成(Eaton,D.J.等,1986,Biochemistry 25:505-512;Toole,J.J.等,1984,Nature312:342;Vehar,G.A.等,1984,Nature312:337)。尽管A和C结构域相互之间以及与凝固因子V的A和C结构域呈现35-40%的氨基酸同一性,B结构域不与任何已知蛋白同源。在细胞内,对B结构域中Arg-1648残基后进行的蛋白酶解产生80-kDa的轻链(结构域A3-C1-C2)和90-200kDa的大小不均一的重链(A1-A2-B)。重链和轻链通过在A1和A3结构域之间二价金属离子依赖的链接而结合为异源二聚体。血浆中,FVIII以与Willebrand因子(vWF)结合的非活性形式循环且需要通过凝血酶或因子Xa的蛋白酶解而活化(Eaton,D.等,1986,Biochemistry 25:505-512;Girma,J.P.等,1987,Blood 70:605-611;Koedam,J.A.等,1990,Eur.J.Biochem.189:229-234)。Arg(R)残基372,740和1689位后的凝血酶裂解激活FVIII的促凝剂活性,导致B结构域的彻底去除。得到的FVIIIa异三聚体在A1和A3-C1-C2亚单位之间维持金属离子依赖的链接,而A2通过静电交互作用以弱亲和性结合(Eaton,D.等,1986,Biochemistry 25:505-512;Fay,P.J.等,1991,J.Biol.Chem.266:8957-8962;Pittman,D.D.& Kaufman,R.J.1988,Proc.Natl Acad.Sci.USA 85:2429-2433)。
随着对FVIII的生物合成、结构和功能的更多的了解,研究试图生产改良的FVIII分子用于患甲型血友病病人的替代治疗。至今研究策略已包括FVIII序列的缺失或修饰,产生更有效的表达。早先对FVIII功能活性的必要条件的研究证实Ar g残基372和1689位后的裂解对于FVIII的活化是必需的且B结构域对于功能活性不是必需的(Eaton,D.L.等,1986,Biochemistry 25:8343;Burke,R.L.等,1986,J.Biol.Chem261:12574;Toole,J.J.等,1986,Proc.Natl.Acad. Sci.USA83:5939)。为了检验该假设,进行了一些方法如在对应于结构域B的大DNA片段的互补DNA(cDNA)中的缺失,得到较短的FVIII衍生物(Eaton,D.L.等,1986,Biochemistry 25:8343;Burke,R.L.等,1986,J.Biol.Chem 261:12574),且用于其凝结活性的测试。
PCT申请WO86/06101公开了在其中心区域最多缺失880个氨基酸的重组FVIII蛋白仍然表现出FVIII活性。另外,Eaton等,1986,Biochemistry 25:8343-8347,公开了其中从中心B结构域区域缺失766个氨基酸(797到1562)的多肽也保持FVIII活性。这些B结构域缺失的FVIII衍生物在B结构域内部Arg-1648残基后保留了用于细胞内蛋白酶解加工的位点,其导致包含单链或两种FVIII蛋白酶解产物,90kDa(结构域A1-A2)和80kDa(结构域A3-C1-C2)多肽复合物的异源FVIII衍生物的产生。此外,用包含编码这些缺失多肽的DNA的载体转化的哺乳动物细胞具有比用包含编码该全长多肽的DNA的载体转化的细胞更高的产物水平。然而,这些B结构域缺失的FVIII衍生物通过凝血酶比全长FVIII通过未知机制表现出更快和更高的激活率(Eaton等,1986,Biochemistry 25:8343-8347;Fay等,1986,Biochem.Biophys.Acta871:268-278)。
美国专利No.5,112,950描述了一种FVIII衍生物,其中主要由氨基酸序列丙氨酸-1至天冬氨酸-770组成的人FVIII衍生物通过酪氨酸-2332与苏氨酸-1667链接,其中天冬氨酸-770通过肽键与苏氨酸-1667共价结合。许多研究表明346,718,719,723,1664和1680位的酪氨酸残基对于FVIII的完全活化和促凝剂活性是必需的(Donath M.J.等,1995,Biochem.J.312:49-55;Michnick D.A.等,1994,J.Biol.Chem.269:20095-200102)。FVIII在血浆中的循环与vWF结合,其能稳定FVIII;事实上,在没有vWF时体内FVIII的半衰期降低得很快(Brinkhous,K.M.等,1985,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 82:8752-8756)。这些研究强烈提示B结构域缺失的因子VIII类似物(尤其在美国专利No.5,112,950中描述的),其在A3区1664-1680附近带有结构上的改变,由于干扰和vWF相互作用而在完全活化和体内稳定性方面可能存在潜在的缺点。如美国专利No.5,610,278中所述,哺乳动物细胞中重链和轻链的共表达产生可检测的FVIII产物。然而,该两条链的结合是低效率的,因此降低了分子的活性(Burke,R.L.等,1986,J.Biol.Chem.261,12574;Pavirani A.等,1987,Biochem Biophys ResCommun.145:234)。动物或人中作为基因治疗方法的重链和轻链共表达的策略被认为是不恰当的(Burton M等,1999,Proc Natl AcadSci USA 96:12725)。
美国专利No.5,422,260和5,451,521涉及FVIII的变体,其中一个或多个因子Xa、APC和凝血酶切割位点经过了修饰以使上述位点对特异性蛋白酶解更不稳定,例如,其中由一个或两个氨基酸定义的切割位点,优选至少R-740或R-1648为精氨酸残基,被不同的氨基酸替代;并且其中描述了从S-741至R-1648氨基酸缺失的蛋白(将90kD的R-740位点融合至80kD的E-1649位点)但没有揭示其凝结活性。用不同氨基酸在切割位点的修饰的潜在缺点为得到的蛋白将具有新的抗原表位而可能引起免疫应答。此外,除了具有从S-741至R-1648氨基酸内缺失的变体外,该参考文献没有提供R-740和R-1689之间氨基酸内部缺失的指定变体。
最近的研究(Chiang GG等,1999,Human Gene Therapy10:61-76)表明B结构域缺失的FVIII,其通过从S-743至R-1648氨基酸的缺失产生(将B结构域N末端的F-742融合至80kD的E-1649位点),与美国专利No.5,422,260和5,451,521所述的类似,仅表现出~50%的生物活性和较小的比活且因此认为更不适于治疗应用。上述B结构域缺失的FVIII具有较小生物学和比活性的原因仍是未知的。然而,已假设从S-743至R-1648氨基酸缺失的单链FVIII的性质或许由于重链(A1-A2)和轻链(A3-C1-C2)间空间必要条件的缺乏或重链(A1-A2)和轻链(A3-C1-C2)间不需要的长度或组成而可能具有不同的三维构型。
总之,上述策略,虽然提供了更有效的重组蛋白质制造的可能性,但还没有成功。成功的缺乏也许是由于其分子特征而导致,例如和全长FVIII相比,FVIII分子的异源数量、结构不稳定性和不同的凝血酶活化作用方面。此外,由于许多B-结构域缺失的FVIII作为融合分子表达,有可能这些非天然的氨基酸序列(重链和轻链的结合区)仍然没有完全加工,而当给予血液中时,很可能呈现出新的抗原性(Esmon P.C.,等,1990,Blood 76:1593-1600,1990)。然而,如由上述研究(Pittman D.D.等,1993,Blood 81:2925)证实的那样,不清楚是否在融合位点的非天然氨基酸序列可以是产生免疫性的。在这种情况下,就希望开发活化的和安全的FVIII衍生物,其具有同样的凝血酶活化作用和提高的产量。
发明简述
本发明人已集中研究了FVIII衍生物的结构功能关系以便开发人FVIII的稳定和高效表达形式,其包含基本组分,包括重链、多肽间隔接头和轻链。结果,一方面,我们发现了FVIII衍生物,其中B-结构域的大部分缺失且重链(A1-A2)和轻链(A3-C1-C2)通过最佳组成和长度(至约源于人因子VIII天然形式的B和A3结构域的N末端区域60个氨基酸)的多肽间隔物连接。本发明的FVIII衍生物通过B-结构域的N末端序列与A3中Arg-1648后(beyond)的氨基酸序列融合而主要以B-结构域缺失的FVIII单链表达。其中一些FVIII衍生物与全长FVIII在相同的环境下相比,具有完全的凝结活性,更高的比活和同样的凝血酶活化作用特点。此外,为了防止在重链和轻链结合区的非天然氨基酸的新抗原表位的暴露,我们在该融合位点建立了N-糖基化识别顺序(Asn-X-Ser/Thr,其中X可以是任何氨基酸)。这通过将745,757和764位的Asn与位于1651,1654和1657位Ser或Thr旁边的1650,1653和1656位氨基酸连接而完成,其在融合部位产生了N-糖基化位点。此外,本发明提供了包含相对天然FVIII在739位脯氨酸修饰的B结构域缺失的FVIII衍生物,其降低了该分子对于特定蛋白酶-催化的在740位切割位点裂解的不稳定性。然而,本发明的FVIII衍生物仍然可通过凝血酶激活且仍然具有促凝剂活性。
基于全长人因子VIII氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:1),本发明涉及融合至B结构域中从约741至782的任何氨基酸序列的,包括在1649和1688之间存在一个或多个氨基酸内缺失的因子VIII多肽。该因子VIII多肽可包含氨基酸746至1649,746至1652,746至1655,758至1649,758至1652,758至1655,765至1649,765至1652,765至1655,748至1658,755至1658,762至1658,769至1658,776至1658或783至1658的内缺失。该因子VIII多肽可以是单链。此外,在另一个实施方案中,739位的脯氨酸可由另一个氨基酸替代。
本发明的另一方面,基于全长人因子VIII氨基酸序列(SEQ IDNO:1),本发明的因子VIII多肽可插入一种三肽序列(Asn-X-Thr或Asn-X-Ser),包含在745,757或764位的Asn氨基酸和1651,1654或1657位的Thr或Ser氨基酸间的融合位点。
本发明还涉及一种具有以下连接的结构域的通式表示的因子VIII多肽:
H-S-L
其中
H结构域代表基本上包括根据SEQ ID NO:1人因子VIII的Ala-1至Arg-740位的多肽序列;S结构域代表包括多达约60个氨基酸的多肽间隔接头,其中S结构域的N末端约为根据SEQ ID NO:1人因子VIII的残基740位,而S结构域的C末端约为根据SEQ ID NO:1人因子VIII的残基1688位;和
L结构域代表基本上包括根据SEQ ID NO:1人因子VIII的Arg-1689至Tyr-2332位的多肽序列。
本发明还涉及一种基于上述的因子VIII多肽,其中S结构域包括氨基酸序列,其基本上类似于从约Ser-741至Asn-745,Arg-747,Lys-754,Asn-757,Ile-761,Asn-764,Lys-768,His-775或Ile-782的连续序列。在另一个实施方案中,在上述因子VIII多肽中,S结构域包括氨基酸序列,其基本上类似于从约Glu-1649至Pro-1688的连续序列。本发明的另一个方面,S结构域可包含氨基酸序列,其基本上类似于从约Ile-1650,Thr-1653,Gln-1656或Gln-1659至Pro-1688的连续序列。本发明的另一个方面,在S结构域中,可缺失氨基酸746至1649,746至1652,746至1655,758至1649,758至1652,758至1655,765至1649,765至1652,765至1655,748至1658,755至1658,762至1658,769至1658,776至1658或783至1658,其中残基编号对照SEQ ID NO:1。
本发明涉及一种包括上述的因子VIII多肽和其一种药学可接受载体的药物组合物。本发明还涉及一种包括上述因子VIII多肽的冻干组合物。
本发明还涉及一种在受试者中凝结血液的方法,包括接触凝结有效量的上述因子VIII多肽。本发明进一步涉及一种在患者中治疗甲型血友病的方法,包括将上述因子VIII多肽的凝结有效量给予需要的个体。
本发明涉及一种编码上述因子VIII多肽的分离核酸。更进一步地,本发明涉及一种包含编码上述因子VIII多肽的核酸的表达载体,其与启动子有效连接。更进一步地,本发明涉及一种包括该表达载体的宿主细胞。基于此,本发明涉及一种制造上述该因子VIII多肽的方法,包括在适于载体表达该多肽的条件下培养细胞和分离多肽。
本发明涉及一种在受试者中凝结血液的方法,包括:
a)产生一种包括编码上述因子VIII多肽的核酸序列的重组病毒或质粒载体;
b)用上述重组载体体外转染培养的细胞群,产生经转染的细胞群;和
c)将该细胞给至哺乳动物宿主,以致上述核酸序列在上述宿主中的表达引起血凝固。
本发明还涉及一种上述因子VIII多肽的纯化的特异性抗体。
本发明的这些及其他目的将从以下的发明说明、在此附上的参考图和附加的权利要求得到更充分的理解。
附图简述
本发明将从此处以下给出的详细说明和附图得到更充分的理解,其通过例证的方式给出,而因此不是对本发明的限制,其中;
图1A和1B显示全长FVIII的氨基酸序列。
图2显示全长FVIII和不同的B-结构域缺失的FVIII衍生物dB747和dBN(45-50)的图示。
图3显示用于全长FVIII的cDNA构建方案。
图4显示在哺乳动物载体中用于FVIII衍生物的DNA构建方案。
图5A-5C显示在HEK293细胞中表达的FVIII衍生物的合成,分泌和凝血酶裂解。
图5A-稳定转染的HEK293细胞用[35S]甲硫氨酸脉冲标记30分钟。复制标记的细胞在包含过量未标记甲硫氨酸的培养基中追踪6小时,随后收获细胞抽提物(C)和条件培养基(M)。等体积的细胞提取物和条件培养基用抗-FVIII-特异性抗体免疫沉淀,且相等分量通过SDS/PAGE分析。所有衍生物以单链种类从细胞提取物(泳道3,5,7,9,11,13,15和17)和捕获条件培养基(泳道4,6,8,10,12,14,16和18)中回收。HEK293表示不带有外源DNA质粒DNA的HEK293细胞。
图5B-表达FVIII衍生物的HEK293细胞系在用补充有10%胎牛血清和抗生素的DMEM中生长。当单层长成约70-80%汇合时,用新鲜DMEM替换培养基。细胞孵育约24小时而收集培养上清,用Centricon50,000MWCO浓缩大约100倍,然后在-80℃储存。使用ELISA方法测定FVIII浓度。浓缩物随后通过SDS-PAGE分离并且通过使用单克隆抗体(ESH-8)的免疫印迹法分析。用于Western印迹法的ESH-8抗体检测到一种主要蛋白,迁移至大约170kDa(通过箭头指出)。
图5C-35S-甲硫氨酸标记的FVIII衍生物从稳定表达的HEK293细胞的捕获条件培养基中免疫沉淀,并且分成相等分量而在凝血酶(1U/mL)缺乏(泳道1,3,5和7)或存在(泳道2,4,6和8)时37℃温育30分钟。用SDS-PAGE样品缓冲液终止反应并且蛋白片段通过10%SDS-PAGE分离。FVIII蛋白形式在右边如下标明:SC,单链;A1和A2,凝血酶裂解的重链片段;LC,凝血酶裂解的轻链。凝血酶消化后该放射性标记蛋白质的分析表明各自对应于凝血酶裂解的轻链、A1和A2的分子大小,正常出现73kD和50和40kD片段。每个FVIII衍生物的名称标记在顶部。分子量标记在每个图像的左侧显示。
图6显示在哺乳动物载体中用于FVIII多肽的DNA构建方案。
图7A和7B显示重组人FVIII和FVIII多肽的凝血酶活化作用动力学的比较。图7A显示重组人FVIII(rh FVIII),dB761,dB782,dB761-739F和dB782-739F的凝血酶活化作用动力学。图7B显示重组人FVIII(rhFVIII),dBN(57-50),dBN(45-53),dBN(57-56),dBN(64-50),dBN(64-53)和dBN(64-56)的凝血酶活化作用动力学。
优选实施方案的详述
本申请中,“一”和“一个”用指单一的和复数的对象。
本文使用的,“约”或“基本上”通常提供限于一精确数值的可容许的误差。例如,正如上下文中所用的多肽序列的长度或位置,“约”或“基本上”表明该多肽并不限于已指出的精确叙述的数目或位置,只要达到的功能和结果相同。一些氨基酸位置可被插入,缺失或添加或删除N-或C末端,只要归于上述氨基酸位置的功能活性,例如凝血酶裂解和蛋白酶裂解功能仍旧维持或直到功能相关位点的不同氨基酸的缺失或突变造成功能失活。
此外,本文使用的,“基本上类似的”核酸序列或氨基酸序列指与指明的参照序列具有70%、75%、80%、85%、90%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%或100%序列同源性的序列。
本文使用的,“氨基酸”指所有天然存在的L-α-氨基酸。该定义意味着包括正亮氨酸,鸟氨酸和高半胱氨酸。
本文使用的,通常,术语″氨基酸序列变体″指与参照(例如天然的因子VIII序列)多肽相比在其氨基酸序列中存在一些差异的分子。该氨基酸的改变可以是在天然氨基酸序列中的替换、插入、缺失或任何所需的上述变化的组合。
替换变体为在天然序列中至少一个氨基酸残基被除去而在该部位的同样位置插入一个不同的氨基酸。替换可以是单个的,其中该分子中仅一个氨基酸被替换或可以是多个的,其中同样的分子中两个或更多的氨基酸被替换。
序列内氨基酸的替换可以从氨基酸所属种类的其他的成员中选择。例如,非极性(疏水的)氨基酸包括丙氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸、脯氨酸、苯丙氨酸、色氨酸和甲硫氨酸。极性中性氨基酸包括甘氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、半胱氨酸、酪氨酸、天门冬酰胺和谷氨酰胺。带正电荷的(碱性的)氨基酸包括精氨酸、赖氨酸和组氨酸。带负电荷的(酸性的)氨基酸包括天冬氨酸和谷氨酸。落入本发明范围的还包括其表现出同样或类似生物活性的蛋白或片段或衍生物以及其在翻译期间或之后经不同修饰的衍生物,例如,通过糖基化作用、蛋白裂解、连接至抗体分子或其他细胞配体,等等。
插入变体为在天然氨基酸序列中紧邻特定位置氨基酸插入一个或多个氨基酸的变体。紧邻氨基酸意指连接至氨基酸的α-羧基或α-氨基官能团。
缺失变体为在天然氨基酸序列中一个或多个氨基酸被除去的变体。通常,缺失变体将在该分子特定区域中存在一两个氨基酸的缺失。
一方面,本发明的多肽变体可包含在FVIII非关键区任何数目的氨基酸或氨基酸的改变,包括在该多肽分子的任何其他区域中的替换和/或缺失,只要该多肽变体包括与SEQ ID NO:1的约1-740和/或1689-2332多肽序列有至少约70%、75%、80%、85%、90%、95%、96%、97%、98%或99%同一性的序列,且该改变的存在没有阻碍变体FVIII的活性。
本发明使用的氨基酸符号包括如下:
整个申请中使用氨基酸的单个或三字母的缩写,且可交换使用,具有以下含义:A或Ala=丙氨酸;R或Arg=精氨酸;N或Asn=天门冬酰胺;D或Asp=天冬氨酸;C或Cys=半胱氨酸;Q Gln=谷氨酰胺;E或Glu=谷氨酸;G或Gly=甘氨酸;H或His=组氨酸;I或Ile=异亮氨酸;L或Leu=亮氨酸;K或Lys=赖氨酸;M或Met=甲硫氨酸;F或Phe=苯丙氨酸;P或Pro =脯氨酸;S或Ser=丝氨酸;T或Thr=苏氨酸;W或Trp=色氨酸;Y或Tyr=酪氨酸;以及V或Val=缬氨酸。
本文使用的,“因子VIII衍生物”,“因子VIII变体”或“因子VIII多肽”指与全长人因子VIII相比具有凝结活性,更高的比活和类似的凝血酶活化作用特点,且与由SEQ ID NO:1表示的多肽序列1-740和1689-2332区域有至少约70%、75%、80%、85%、90%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%或100%同一性的多肽。特别地,可以明确的是多种突变和保守氨基酸的变化是容许的,而且某些非-保守氨基酸的变化,只要变体因子VIII具有凝结活性,也是容许的。片段和某些糖基化作用也是允许的,且优选的,事实上所有对因子VIII多肽的任何变化都是允许的,只要该多肽保留其比活性。
申请人首次发现因子VIII衍生物,其具有缺失的或经改变的B区域,其中在740和1689位的凝血酶裂解区保持完整,但在740和1689位间的许多区域可以缺失,包括1648位,而不会对该变体因子VIII的比活性引起任何负面影响。因此,对该序列作某些改变,其保持因子VIII的比活性,应该是在本领域技术人员能力范畴内的。
本文使用的,术语″能在高严谨条件下杂交″指在高严谨条件下DNA互补链与目的DNA的退火。同样地,术语″能在低严谨条件下杂交″指在低严谨条件下DNA互补链与目的DNA的退火。退火过程的“高严谨条件”可包括,例如,高温和/或低盐浓度,其不利于在错配碱基对中氢键的接触。“低严谨条件”可包括比高严谨条件的较低的温度和/或较高的盐浓度。上述条件如果充分,允许两条DNA链退火,不过两条链之间并非是近于完全互补的,在编码同样蛋白的DNA链中由于遗传密码的简并性而序列不同是常见的情况。促进DNA杂交的适当的严谨条件,例如,约45℃,6×SSC,随后在50℃,2×SSC洗涤是本领域技术人员已知的或可参见Current Protocols in MolecularBiology中查得,John Wiley & Sons,N.Y.(1989),6.31-6.3.6。例如,在洗涤步骤中盐浓度可选自低严谨度的约2×SSC,50℃至高严谨度的约0.2×SSC,50℃。此外,洗涤步骤中的温度可从低严谨度的室温下,约22℃,提高至高严谨度条件,约75℃。其他严谨度参数在Maniatis,T.,等,Molecular Cloning:A Laboratory Manual,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press,Cold Spring N,Y.,(1982),pp.387-389中描述;也参见Sambrook J.等,Molecular Cloning:A Laboratory Manual,Second Edition,Volume 2,Cold Spring HarborLaboratory Press,Cold Spring,N.Y.pp.8.46-8.47(1989)。
本文使用的,“载体”包括药学可接受载体,赋形剂或稳定剂,其对暴露于其所用剂量和浓度的细胞或哺乳动物是无毒性的。通常药学可接受载体为水相的pH缓冲溶液。药学可接受载体的实例包括非限制性的缓冲液如磷酸盐、柠檬酸盐,及其他有机酸类;抗氧化剂包括抗坏血酸;低分子量(小于约10残基)多肽;蛋白,如血清清蛋白、明胶或免疫球蛋白;亲水聚合物如聚乙烯吡咯烷酮;氨基酸如甘氨酸、谷氨酰胺、天门冬酰胺、精氨酸或赖氨酸;单糖、二糖,及其他碳水化合物包括葡萄糖、甘露糖或糊精;螯合剂如EDTA;糖醇如甘露糖醇或山梨糖醇;盐-形成的平衡离子如钠;和/或非离子型表面活性剂如TWEEN、聚乙二醇(PEG)和PLURONICS。
本文使用的,“共价衍生物”包括该多肽或其片段用有机蛋白质的或非蛋白质的衍生剂的修饰和翻译后修饰。通过将靶氨基酸残基与有机衍生剂(其能与所选的侧链或末端残基反应)反应,或通过在所选的重组宿主细胞中起作用的翻译后修饰机制,可以常规地引入共价修饰。有些翻译后修饰是重组宿主细胞对已表达多肽作用的结果。谷氨酰胺酰残基和天冬酰胺酰残基经常在翻译后脱氨基形成相应的谷氨酰和天冬氨酰残基。或者,这些残基可以在微酸性条件下脱氨基。该残基的任何形式都可以存在于本发明的因子VIII多肽中。其他翻译后修饰包括脯氨酸和赖氨酸的糖基化、羟基化,丝氨酸、酪氨酸或苏氨酸残基的羟基的磷酸化,赖氨酸、精氨酸的α-氨基基团和组氨酸侧链的甲基化(T.E.Creighton,Proteins:Structure and MolecularProperties,W.H.Freeman & Co.,San Francisco,pp.79-86(1983))。
本文使用的,“有效量”为引起有利的或所需的临床或生化结果的足够量。有效量可一次或多次给予。对于本发明来说,抑制剂化合物的有效量为足以减轻、改善、稳定、反转、变慢或延迟疾病状态发展的量。在本发明一优选的实施方案中,“有效量”定义为能产生血液凝结的化合物的量。
本文使用的,“片段”指多肽的一部分,其保持有效的和能发挥功能的特点。例如,如本发明上下文所使用的,因子VIII多肽片段具有凝结血液的功能。
本文使用的,“宿主细胞”包括单个细胞或细胞培养物,其能够或已成为本发明载体的受体。宿主细胞包括单个宿主细胞的子代,且该子代因正常的、随机的或有意的突变和/或变化而不必与原母细胞完全等同(在形态学上或DNA互补性上)。宿主细胞包括用包含编码血管生成因子的多核苷酸的载体体内转染或感染的细胞。
本文使用的,为了治疗的“哺乳动物”指分类为哺乳动物的任何动物,包括人,家畜和农畜和动物园的,运动的或宠物动物,如狗、猫、牛、马、羊、猪等等。优选地,哺乳动物为人。
本文使用的,“纯化的”或“分离的”分子指从其天然环境中移出而隔离或分离,且与通常和其相联系的其他组分游离的生物分子。
本文使用的,“样品”或“生物样品”指其广义的含义,包括从个体获得的任何生物样品、体液、细胞系、组织培养物或其他来源,此外,从患者获得的“生物样品”可指“生物样品”或“患者样品”。
本文使用的,“序列同一性”,定义为将序列比对后并在必要时引入缺口以便实现最大限度的序列同一性百分比,而且不将任一保守性替换计入序列同一性时,候选序列中与天然多肽序列中氨基酸残基相同的氨基酸残基的百分比。%序列同一性值通过Altschul等,(1997)″Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST:a new generation of proteindatabase search programs″,Nucleic Acids Res.,25:3389-3402定义的NCBI BLAST2.0软件生成。参数设置为缺省值,除了错配罚分,其设为-1。
本文使用的,术语FVIII多肽的“比活性”或“比生物活性”指功能性FVIII分子用存在于总FVIII分子中的凝结活性的定量测定,其通过FVIII凝结活性与和因子VIII多肽相关的FVIII抗原量的比率表示。与全长人因子VIII相比,比活性或比生物活性受多因子的影响,如凝结活性的效力、凝血酶活化作用特点、结构稳定性以及构型。
本文使用的,“受试者”为脊椎动物,优选哺乳动物,更优选人。
本文使用的,“治疗“为获得有利的或所需的临床结果的方案。对本发明而言,有利的或所需的临床结果包括,但不限于,症状的减轻、疾病程度的降低、疾病状态的稳定(即,不恶化)、疾病进程的延迟或变缓、疾病状态的改善或缓和和减轻(无论是部分或总体而言),无论是可检测的或不可检测的。“治疗”还指与未接受治疗所预期的生存相比延长生存时间。“治疗”指既治疗法又指预防法或预防措施。那些需要治疗的包括已患有病症的以及那些将预防病症的。“减轻”疾病意指与不加治疗相比,疾病状态的程度和/或不良的临床表现得到减轻和/或疾病的发展时程得到减缓或延长。
本文使用的,“载体”,“多核苷酸载体”,“构建体”和“多核苷酸构建体”可在此互换使用。本发明的多核苷酸载体可以是任何形式,包括但不限于,RNA、DNA、包含在反转录病毒外壳中的RNA、包含在腺外壳中的DNA、包装在另一个病毒或病毒-样形式(如单纯疱疹和腺相关病毒(AAV))中的DNA、包含在脂质体中的DNA,用聚赖氨酸复合的、用合成的聚阳离子分子复合的、用化合物如聚乙二醇(PEG)复合的DNA以免疫性地“屏蔽”该分子和/或提高半衰期或共缀合至非-病毒蛋白质。优选地,多核苷酸为DNA。本文使用的,“DNA”不仅包括碱基A、T、C和G,也包括任何这些碱基的类似物或改良型,如甲基化核苷酸,核苷酸间修饰比如不带电的连接和硫代酸酯,糖类似物的利用,以及修饰的和/或替换的主链结构,如聚酰胺。
因子VIII多肽
提供新DNA构建体和包括生产具有FVIII活性多肽的宿主细胞的新组合物。具有FVIII活性的多肽包括FVIII的缺失突变体蛋白,其中中心区或″B结构域″的大部分缺失。包括编码具有FVIII活性的缺失多肽的DNA的质粒构建体用来转化宿主细胞。转化的宿主细胞随后生长以表达基因。该宿主细胞可以是真核或原核细胞。人FVIII具有显示在图1A和1B中的序列(SEQ ID NO:1)。氨基酸序列的编号以A-1开始,为19个氨基酸信号序列后的第一个氨基酸。FVIII的最后氨基酸为Y-2332。该编号方案贯穿说明书而使用。
本发明的多肽包括FVIII衍生物,即至少具有一个与人FVIII天然形式的氨基酸序列有序列相似性的氨基酸序列的化合物。该衍生物通常具有比人FVII天然形式更少的氨基酸数目。
随着对FVIII裂解和活化作用结构要求的更深的了解,我们设计了有功能的B结构域缺失的FVIII,其作为单链多肽表达和分泌以致提高了在药物制备过程中的回收率。我们检验了该假设,即B结构域的N末端与A3-C1-C2轻链氨基酸序列(从Glu-1649至Pro-1688)的融合将产生单一多肽FVIII分子。如本发明所述,一些FVIII衍生物具有无法与野生型区别的一般凝血酶活化作用的特点和比野生型FVIII以及其他B-结构域缺失FVIII衍生物优越的结构稳定性。此外,大多数衍生物具有在哺乳动物细胞中更高效表达的附加优点。本发明表明缺少大部分结构域B以及部分结构域A3,但仍然保持相对于氨基酸740和1689位(其似乎为活化作用所必需)成熟位点的分子表现出正常的促凝剂活性。该分子可通过凝血酶作用于天然的人FVIII的同样方式激活。
新的目的多肽将很大程度上具有包括N末端重链区,连接间隔区和C末端轻链区的通式。B-结构域缺失的FVIII衍生物的图示在图2中呈现。N末端重链区表征为具有和基于全长人FVIII氨基酸序列A-1至R-740的连续序列对应的氨基酸序列。
连接间隔多肽由基本上与带有氨基酸746至1649,746至1652,746至1655,758至1649,758至1652,758至1655,765至1649,765至1652,765至1655,748至1658,755至1658,762至1658,769至1658,776至1658或783至1658内缺失的结构域B和A3-结构域序列(从S-741至P-1688)对应的氨基酸序列的短连接基团组成。
C末端轻链表征为具有和基于FVIII序列R-1689至Y-2332的连续序列类似的氨基酸序列。本发明的变体,其包含相对于天然FVIII分子的内缺失,优选包含(i)上述内缺失;或(ii)在(i)中特定区域内较少氨基酸的缺失。本发明包含内缺失的其他变体可包括在R-1649和P-1688间一个或多个氨基酸的缺失以将任何氨基酸序列融合入A1,A2和B结构域。图2显示dB747和dBN(45-50)FVIII衍生物的例证性的代表,其与人FVIII相比分别具有氨基酸748至1658和746至1649的内缺失。
该B结构域缺失的FVIII衍生物没有保持用于胞内蛋白酶解加工的位点,如残基Arg-1648,其导致包括单链多肽为主的均一FVIII衍生物的产生。80kDa切割位点的去除(R-1648)没有降低在条件培养基中产生的因子VIII的活性。此外,本发明的一些衍生物这里没有显示在凝血酶活化作用倍数上的显著变化。该结果在此证实R-1648的去除没有影响FVIII衍生物从细胞的合成或分泌。此外,产生的主要FVIII种类为大约170kDa的单链分子,这是80kD位置处胞内加工位点丧失的结果。该单链FVIII变体在这一点上是有利的,即它们可以均一的形式产生并且相对于天然的人或其他的重组FVIII可具有改善的药物动力学特点。
全长FVIII中,Arg残基372,740和1689后的凝血酶裂解激活FVIII的促凝剂活性。这与由A1亚单位与凝血酶-裂解A3-C1-C2轻链以二价-金属-离子-依赖的结合和游离的A2亚单位与A1结构域通过离子相互作用的结合组成的FVIIIa异三聚体是一致的。全长FVIII中,Arg-1689后的裂解除去了从R-1648至R-1689的酸性氨基酸富集区,且是FVIIIa从vWF的解离而使得FVIIIa与磷脂有效的相互作用所必需的。本发明放射标记的FVIII衍生物蛋白质在凝血酶消化后的分析显示73kD和50和40kD片段的正常出现(参见图5C)。该结果证实已公开的FVIII衍生物可通过凝血酶以和完整的天然分子同样的方式激活。如本发明所证实的,这些FVIII衍生物表现出与Arg-372,Arg-740和Arg-1689后裂解相应的特有的凝血酶活化作用,其产生无法与野生型FVIII区分的激活的FVIII异三聚体,并且也通过A2结构域亚单位的解离而经受快速的失活(参见图7)。
本发明的一个方面涉及变体,其中通过将B结构域中的Asn氨基酸融合至A3结构域中的X-苏氨酸或X-丝氨酸氨基酸序列且同时带有如上所述的内序列缺失而产生人工的N-糖基化位点。或者,在该融合位点的N-糖基化识别序列的三肽序列(Asn-X-Ser/Thr,其中X可以是任何氨基酸)可通过将分别紧接于745,757和764位Asn氨基酸的746,758和765位的氨基酸直接连接至1651,1654和1657位的Ser或Thr氨基酸而产生。这些FVIII变体与人FVIII相比将带有氨基酸747至1650,747至1653,747至1656,759至1650,759至1653,759至1656,766至1650,766至1653或766至1656的内缺失。共有序列N-糖基化位点包括通式天门冬酰胺-X-苏氨酸或天门冬酰胺-X-丝氨酸的三肽序列,其中X通常可以是任何氨基酸。尤其是,在本发明的一个方面中,X可以是脯氨酸除外的任何氨基酸。本发明这方面的包括基因工程化N-糖基化位点位于B和A3结构域间融合位点的变体可防止该融合位点的潜在新抗原表位序列暴露于免疫系统。
本发明的另一方面涉及衍生物,其中一个或多个因子Xa,APC和凝血酶切割位点被修饰以使得上述位点对特异性蛋白酶解更稳定。目前特定目的衍生物的一个亚组包括那些包含在P-739位修饰的,其中优选苯丙氨酸,但可用不同的氨基酸替换或缺失。本发明中带有739位氨基酸修饰的FVIII衍生物的合成和分泌不受影响。这些变体通过凝血酶比全长FVIII以及其他本发明的FVIII衍生物表现出更高的激活率(参见图7)。提高的活性可归因于在显色测定中对通过因子Xa裂解的失活的抗性。因此,这些改变看起来产生了具有活性提高额外优点的FVIII的更稳定形态。然而,根据美国专利No.5,422,260和5,451,521,发现在740位具有精氨酸至异亮氨酸突变的B-结构域缺失的FVIII衍生物在突变后具有较小的活性。
尽管假定通过B结构域的N末端区与A3-C1-C2轻链的氨基酸序列(从Glu-1649至Pro-1688)的融合产生的所有多肽FVIII分子将产生类似的促凝剂活性特点,在本发明中仍发现具有独特凝血酶活化作用特点和结构稳定性的单个B-结构域缺失的FVIII衍生物。因此,本发明中我们详细表征了单个B-结构域缺失的FVIII衍生物的分子特征以得到有活性的,安全的单链B-结构域缺失的FVIII衍生物,其具有凝血酶活化作用和生产率提高的类似特点。
编码因子VIII多肽的核酸
通过“分离的”多核苷酸序列,其试图包含核酸分子,DNA或RNA,其已从天然环境中移出。这些包括编码本发明FVIII多肽的DNA片段,且可进一步包含异源序列如载体序列或其他外源DNA。例如,包含在载体中的重组DNA分子被认为是用于本发明目的而分离的,其可以是部分或基本上得到纯化的。
此外,本发明分离的核酸分子包括DNA分子,其包含基本上不同于上述那些分子的序列,但由于遗传密码的简并性或其他可变性,仍然编码本发明的FVIII多肽。因此,对于本领域技术人员而言产生上述变体是很常规的,例如,优化适于特定宿主的密码子表达或一般功能。
在另一个方面,本发明提供分离的核酸分子,其包括在严谨杂交条件下与本发明上述的核酸分子中的多核苷酸一部分杂交的多核苷酸。如上所述,杂交的多核苷酸可用作探针和引物。与FVIII多肽编码序列杂交的多核苷酸部分可通过5′和3′碱基的位置或如上所述的核苷酸碱基数值而精密表示或以同样的方式精密排除。同样地,与FVIII多肽杂交的多核苷酸部分也可用作探针和引物。本发明优选的杂交多核苷酸为那些,当被标记而用于现有技术已知的杂交检测时(例如Southern和Northern印迹分析),即使其他异源序列以等摩尔量存在,其显示最大的信号强度。
在选择适于本发明载体转染的优选的宿主细胞时,载体包含编码FVIII衍生物和例如,二氢叶酸还原酶(DHFR)蛋白的DNA序列,根据所用DHFR蛋白的类型选择宿主是恰当的。如果应用野生型DHFR蛋白,优先选择DHFR缺陷的宿主细胞,由此允许DHFR编码序列作为在缺乏次黄嘌呤,甘氨酸和胸苷的选择培养基中成功转染的标记的应用。
另一方面如果,如果对氨甲喋呤(MTX)具有弱结合亲合力的DHFR蛋白用作调节序列,则就不必使用DHFR抗性细胞。突变DHFR对MTX有抗性,因此,包含MTX的培养基可用作如果宿主细胞自身对MTX敏感的选择工具。或者,野生型DHFR基因可在不缺乏DHFR的宿主细胞中用作扩增标记,如果使用另外的药物筛选标记,如潮霉素抗性。所述实例描述了抗MTX的CHO细胞(CHO-DBX11细胞)作为宿主细胞以及使用CMV和SV40启动子作为调节序列以分别驱动FVIII衍生物和DHFR表达的表达载体的使用。
变体和突变多核苷酸
所述核酸变体包括通过核苷酸替换,缺失或添加产生的核酸。替换,缺失或添加可包括一个或多个核苷酸。氨基酸序列的改变可产生保守的或非-保守的氨基酸替换、缺失或添加。其中特别优选沉默替换、添加和缺失,其没有改变本发明多肽或其部分的性质和活性。这方面还优选的为保守替换。
本发明涉及序列在表达载体中的使用,以及用于转染宿主细胞和细胞系,其为原核或真核细胞。本发明还涉及从表达载体表达的多肽的纯化。该表达载体可包含用于便利纯化的不同分子标签。随后获得的表达构建体可转化入任何可选的宿主细胞。宿主细胞的细胞裂解物通过本领域熟知的已建立的方法分离。
变体和突变多肽
可利用氨基酸工程改善或改变本发明FVIII多肽的特性。本领域技术人员已知的重组DNA技术可用于创建新的包括单个或多个氨基酸替换、缺失、添加的突变多肽或融合蛋白。上述修饰的多肽可表现出,例如,提高的/降低的活性或提高的/降低的稳定性。此外,至少在某些纯化和储藏条件下,其可比相应的天然多肽以更高的产率纯化且表现出更好的可溶性。
抗体
在一实施方案中,本发明涉及使用多种检测方法检测FVIII多肽的存在。检测因子VIII多肽的一种方法是标记特异性结合FVIII多肽的配体。上述配体可以是抗体。
纯化的FVIII多肽可用于生产单克隆或多克隆抗体。因子VIII多肽的片段也可用于生产单克隆或多克隆抗体。随后获得的单克隆或多克隆抗体可用于在不同的样品包括细胞,组织和体液如但不限于血液,血清,血浆和尿中确定FVIII多肽的存在。FVIII多肽可使用多种分子生物学方法测定,其包括但不限于原位杂交,免疫沉淀反应,免疫荧光染色,Western印迹分析等等。我们可以通过使用针对FVIII多肽的单克隆抗体进行ELISA以确定生物样品中FVIIII多肽的量,生物样品包括被认为患有血凝结病症,如血友病的受试者的体液。
本发明的抗体包括,但不限于,多克隆的、单克隆的、多特异性的、人的、人源化的或嵌合的抗体、单链抗体、Fab片段、F(ab′)片段、通过Fab表达文库产生的片段、抗-特异型(抗-Id)抗体(包括,例如,抗-Id抗体至本发明的抗体)和所有上述的抗原表位-结合片段。本文使用的术语″抗体″,指免疫球蛋白分子和免疫球蛋白分子的免疫活化部分,即,包含免疫特异性结合抗原的抗原结合部位的分子。本发明的免疫球蛋白分子可以是任何类型(例如,IgG、IgE、IgM、IgD、IgA和IgY),种类(例如,IgG1、IgG2、IgG3、IgG4、IgA1和IgA2)或免疫球蛋白分子的亚类。
本发明的抗体可以是单特异性的,双特异性的,三特异性的或更多的多特异性的。多特异性抗体可特异于本发明多肽的不同表位或可特异于本发明多肽以及异源表位,如异源多肽或固相支持材料。
本发明的抗体可依据本发明多肽的表位或部分描述或说明,其由抗体识别或特异性结合。抗原表位或多肽部分可如此处所述的,例如,通过糖基化位点,N末端和C末端位置或通过连续氨基酸残基的大小而说明。
本发明的抗体可用于例如,但不限于,纯化、检测和本发明多肽的靶向,包括体外和体内的诊断和治疗方法。例如,抗体用于对生物样品中定性和定量测定本发明FVIII多肽水平的免疫测定。
如以下更详细的论述,本发明的抗体可单独使用或与其他组合物联合使用。抗体可进一步重组融合至异源多肽N-或C-末端或化学缀合(包括共价和非-共价缀合)至多肽或其他组合物。例如,本发明的抗体可重组融合或缀合至在检测测定中用作标记的分子和效应分子如异源多肽,药物,放射性核素或毒素。
本发明的抗体可通过任何本领域已知的合适方法产生。目的抗原的多克隆抗体可通过本领域熟知的各种方法生产。例如,本发明的多肽可给予不同的宿主动物包括但不限于,兔、小鼠、大鼠等等以诱导包含特异于抗原的多克隆抗体的血清的产生。各种佐剂可用来提高取决于宿主种类的免疫应答,包括但不限于,弗氏(完全的和不完全的)、矿物凝胶如氢氧化铝,表面活性物质如溶血卵磷脂、复合多元醇、聚阴离子、肽、油乳化液、钥孔血蓝素、二硝基酚和可能有用的人佐剂如卡介苗(bacille Calmette-Guerin)和小棒状杆菌。上述佐剂也在本领域中熟知。
单克隆抗体可使用本领域已知的多种技术准备,包括杂交瘤、重组体和噬菌体展示技术或其联合的使用。例如,可使用包括本领域已知的那些杂交瘤技术生产单克隆抗体。本文使用的术语“单克隆抗体”并不限于通过杂交瘤技术生产的抗体。术语“单克隆抗体”指来源于单一克隆的抗体,包括任何真核的,原核的或噬菌体克隆,而不是生产其的方法。
使用杂交瘤技术以生产和筛选特定抗体的方法属于常规的且在本领域熟知。在一非限制性实施例中,可用因子VIII多肽或表达上述单位的细胞免疫小鼠。一旦检测到免疫应答,例如,在小鼠血清中检测到特异于抗原的抗体,则收获小鼠脾脏且分离脾细胞。该脾细胞随后通过熟知的技术融合至任何合适的骨髓瘤细胞,例如源于从ATCC可获得的细胞系SP20的细胞。通过极限稀释选择和克隆杂交瘤。为了获得分泌能结合本发明多肽的抗体的细胞或其结合配偶体的复合物,杂交瘤克隆随后通过本领域已知的方法测定。腹水,其通常包含高水平的抗体,可通过用阳性杂交瘤克隆免疫小鼠而产生。
抗体还可附着于固相支持体上,其对靶抗原的免疫测定或纯化尤其有用。上述固相支持体包括,但不限于,玻璃、纤维素、聚丙烯酰胺、尼龙、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯或聚丙烯。
用于抗体结合的测定法
本发明的抗体可通过本领域已知的任何方法用于免疫特异性结合的测定。可用的免疫测定包括但不限于使用不一一列举的,如Western印迹、放射免疫测定、ELISA(酶联免疫吸附测定)、″夹层″免疫测定、免疫沉淀反应测定、沉淀素反应、凝胶扩散沉淀素反应、免疫扩散测定、凝集测定、补体-固定测定、免疫放射测定法、荧光免疫测定、蛋白A免疫测定技术的竞争性和非-竞争性测定体系。上述测定法是常规的且在本领域熟知的(参见,例如,Ausubel等,eds,1994,CurrentProtocols in Molecular Biology,Vol.1,John Wiley & Sons,Inc.,New York,此处作为参考整体引入)。以下简要描述例证性的免疫测定法,但并不试图作为限制。
免疫沉淀法方案通常包括在裂解缓冲液如补充蛋白质磷酸酶和/或蛋白酶抑制剂(例如,EDTA,PMSF,抑肽酶,钒酸钠)的RIPA缓冲液中(1%NP-40或Triton X-100,1%脱氧胆酸盐钠,0.1%SDS,0.15M NaCl,0.01M磷酸钠,pH7.2,1%抑肽酶)裂解细胞群,将目的抗体加入该细胞裂解物,4℃孵育一段时间(例如,1-4小时),将A蛋白和/或G蛋白琼脂糖凝胶磁珠加入该细胞裂解物,4℃孵育约一小时或以上,在裂解缓冲液中洗涤磁珠且将珠重悬入SDS/样品缓冲液中。目的抗体免疫沉淀特定抗原的能力可通过例如,Western印迹分析而评定。本领域的技术人员知晓可以修改参数以增强抗体与抗原的结合并且降低背景(例如,用琼脂糖凝胶珠预先-净化细胞裂解物)。对于免疫沉淀法方案的更进一步讨论可参见,例如,Ausubel等,eds,1994,CurreintProtocols in Molecular Biology,Vol.1,John Wiley & Sons,Inc.,New York,10.16.1。
Western印迹分析通常包括制备蛋白样品,蛋白样品在聚丙烯酰胺凝胶(例如,8%-20%SDS-PAGE,取决于抗原分子量)中的电泳,将蛋白样品从聚丙烯酰胺凝胶转移至膜如硝酸纤维素、PVDF或尼龙膜,在封闭缓冲液中(例如,含3%BSA的PBS或脱脂奶粉)封闭膜,在洗涤缓冲液中(例如,PBS-Tween20)洗涤膜,用稀释在封闭缓冲液中的一抗(目的抗体)封闭膜,在洗涤缓冲液中洗涤膜,用稀释在封闭缓冲液中的缀合到酶作用底物(例如,辣根过氧化酶或碱性磷酸酶)或放射性的分子(例如,32P或125I)的二抗(其识别一抗,例如抗-人抗体)封闭膜,在洗涤缓冲液中洗涤膜,然后检测抗原的存在。本领域技术人员知晓可以修改参数以增强检测的信号且降低背景噪音。对于Western印迹方案的更进一步讨论可参见,例如,Ausubel等,eds,1994,CurrentProtocols in Molecular Biology,Vol.1,John Wiley & Sons,Inc.,New York,10.8.1。
ELISA包括制备抗原,其可包括包含因子VIII多肽的样品,用该抗原包被96孔微量滴定板的孔,将缀合至可检测化合物如酶作用底物(例如,辣根过氧化酶或碱性磷酸酶)的目的抗体加入孔然后孵育一段时间,随后检测抗原的存在。ELISA中目的抗体并非必须缀合至可检测化合物;而是缀合至可检测化合物的二抗(其识别目的抗体)加入孔中。更进一步地,抗体可包被孔而不是用抗原来包被。在这种情况下,缀合至可检测化合物的二抗可同时或跟随目的抗原的加入而加入包被的孔。本领域技术人员知晓可以修改参数以增强检测的信号以及本领域已知的ELISA的其他改变。对于ELISA的更进一步讨论可参见,例如,Ausubel等,eds,1994,Current Protocols in Molecular Biology,Vol.1,John Wiley & Sons,Inc.,New York at 11.2.1。
基因治疗
在一具体的实施方案中,通过基因治疗的方法,包括编码因子VIII多肽序列的核酸被给予以治疗,抑制或防止疾病或与本发明多肽的和/或活性异常表达相关的病症。基因治疗指通过将表达的或可表达的核酸给予患者而进行的治疗。在本发明的实施方案中,核酸产生其编码的蛋白以介导治疗效果。
根据本发明,可使用本领域中任何有效的用于基因治疗的方法。例证性的方法描述如下。
对于基因治疗方法的一般综述,参见Goldspiel等,ClinicalPharmacy12:488-505(1993);Wu和Wu,Biotherapy3:87-95(1991);Tolstoshev,Ann.Rev.Pharmacol.Toxicol.32:573-596(1993);Mulligan,Science 260:926-932(1993);以及Morgan和Anderson,Ann.Rev.Biochem.62:191-217(1993);May,TIBTECH11(5):155-215(1993)。Ausubel等(ed s.),Current Protocols in MolecularBiology,John Wiley & Sons,NY(1993);以及Kriegler,Gene Transferand Expression,A Laboratory Manua l,Stockton Press,NY(1990)中描述了可用的本领域中通常已知的重组DNA技术的方法。
在一优选的方面,核酸序列可编码因子VIII多肽,其中该核酸序列为在合适的宿主中表达多肽的表达载体的一部分。尤其是,上述核酸序列具有与多肽编码区有效连接的启动子,所述启动子为诱导型的或组成型的,并且,选择性地,为组织特异性的。在另一个具体的实施方案中,使用核酸分子,其中多肽编码序列和任何其他所需序列位于在基因组中所需位点促进源重组的区域的侧翼,由此提供了该抗体编码核酸的染色体内表达(Koller和Smithies,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA86:8932-8935(1989);Zijlstra等,Nature342:435-438(1989)。
核酸传递入患者可以是直接的,而在这样情况下患者直接暴露于核酸或核酸-传送载体或是间接的,在这样情况下,首先体外核酸转化细胞,随后移植入患者中。这两种方法分别作为体内或离体的基因治疗是已知的。
在一具体的实施方案中,核酸序列直接体内给予,其中其表达产生编码产物。这可通过本领域已知的多种方法完成,例如,通过将其构建为合适核酸表达载体的一部分且给药以使得其成为胞内的,例如通过使用缺陷型或减毒型反转录病毒或其他病毒载体感染或通过裸DNA的直接注射或用脂质体或细胞表面受体或转染试剂包被,包裹在脂质体,微粒或微囊中或通过将其连接至已知入核的多肽而给药,通过将其连接至经受受体介导的胞吞作用的配体而给药(参见,例如,Wu和Wu,J.Biol.Chem.262:4429-4432(1987))(其可用于特异表达该受体的靶细胞类型)等等。在另一实施方案中,可形成核酸-配体复合物,其中配体含有fusogenic病毒肽以破坏内体,使核酸避免溶酶体的降解。还是在另一个实施例中,核酸可通过靶向特异受体而在体内被靶向用于细胞特异的摄取和表达。或者,核酸可通过同源重组(Koller和Smithies,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA86:8932-8935(1989);Zijlstra等,Nature342:435-438(1989))而导入胞内并且整合入宿主细胞DNA用于表达。
在一具体的实施方案中,使用包含编码该多肽的核酸序列的病毒载体。用于基因治疗的编码该多肽的核酸序列克隆入一个或多个载体,其促进基因向患者的传递。逆转录病毒载体,腺病毒载体和腺相关病毒为可用的病毒载体的实例。逆转录病毒载体包含病毒基因组正确包装所需的组分并且整合进宿主细胞DNA。
另一个基因治疗的方法包括通过这样的方法如电穿孔法,脂转染,磷酸钙介导的转染或病毒感染将基因传递至组织培养过程中的细胞。通常,该传递方法包括筛选标记传递至细胞。细胞随后进行选择以分离那些已吸收并且表达所传递基因的细胞。那些细胞随后投递至患者。
在这实施方案中,核酸在体内给药前导入细胞而得到重组细胞。上述导入可通过本领域已知的任何方法进行,包括但不限于转染,电穿孔法,显微注射,用包含该核酸序列的病毒或噬菌体载体传染,细胞融合,染色体-介导的基因转移,微细胞-介导的基因转移,原生质球融合等等。用于外源基因导入细胞的多种技术为本领域已知的并且可根据本发明而使用,只要该受体细胞的必要发育和生理机能不被破坏。该技术将提供核酸至细胞的稳定传递,以使该核酸为可通过该细胞表达的且优选可通过其细胞子代遗传的和表达的。
用于基因治疗的可导入核酸的细胞涵盖任何所需的,可得到的细胞类型,且包括但不限于上皮细胞、内皮细胞、角化细胞、成纤维细胞、肌细胞、肝细胞;血细胞如T-淋巴细胞、B-淋巴细胞、单核细胞、巨噬细胞、嗜中性白细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、巨核细胞、粒细胞;各种干或祖细胞,尤其是造血干或祖细胞,例如,如从骨髓、脐带血、外周血、胎儿的肝脏等等中获得的。
在一优选的实施方案中,用于基因治疗的细胞为患者自体的。
在一实施方案中,其中重组细胞用于基因治疗,编码该多肽的核酸序列导入细胞使得它们为可通过细胞或其子代表达的,并且该重组细胞随后用于治疗作用而给予体内。在一具体的实施方案中,使用干或祖细胞。任何可在体外分离和维持的干和/或祖细胞可根据本发明的实施方案而使用。
在一具体的实施方案中,用于基因治疗而导入的核酸包括与编码区有效连接的诱导型启动子,使得核酸的表达可通过控制适当的转录本诱导物的存在或缺乏而控制。
治疗组合物
在一实施方案中,本发明涉及血凝结疾病的治疗。在此,本发明的治疗化合物可通过提供刺激血液凝固的化合物而给予那些患有或易患疾病的病人。具体地,疾病可以是血友病,尤其是甲型血友病。
治疗化合物配方通常是本领域已知的且可方便参照Remington′sPharmaceutical Sciences,17th ed.,Mack Publishing Co.,Easton,Pa.,USA。例如,可从每公斤体重每天约0.05μg至约20mg给药。剂量范围可调节以提供最优的治疗应答。例如,可每天给予若干分批的剂量或剂量可根据治疗情况的紧急性而相应减少。活性物质可以便利的形式给予,如通过口服、静脉内的(其中为水溶性的)、肌内的、皮下的、鼻内的、皮内的或栓剂方式或植入(例如通过腹腔内途径或通过使用细胞例如体外致敏的以及继承性地转入受体的单核细胞或树突细胞而使用缓释分子)。基于给药途径,肽需要包被在材料中以保护其不受酶,酸类及其他自然条件的作用,其可灭活所述成分。
例如,肽的低亲脂性将使其在胃肠道中通过能裂解肽键的酶以及在胃中通过酸解而被破坏。为了除肠胃外投药法外给予肽,其可由防止其失活的材料包被或与防止其失活的材料一起给药。例如,肽可在辅助剂中给药,与酶抑制剂一起给药或在脂质体中给药。此处涉及的辅助剂包括间苯二酚,非-离子型表面活性剂如聚氧化乙烯油基醚和正十六烷基聚乙烯醚。酶抑制剂包括胰腺胰蛋白酶抑制剂、二异丙基氟磷(DEP)和trasylol。脂质体包括水包油CGF乳剂以及常规的脂质体。
活性物质还可肠胃外或经腹膜内给药。可在甘油液体聚乙二醇和其混合物以及油剂中制备分散体。在通常的储存和使用条件下,制剂包含防腐剂以防止微生物的生长。
适于注射用途的药物形式包括无菌水溶液(水溶性的)或分散体和用于临时制备无菌注射溶液或分散体的无菌粉末。在所有情况下,药物形式必须是无菌的且必须是易于注射的流体。在生产和贮存条件下其必须是稳定的且必须加以保护以抗微生物如细菌和真菌的污染。载体可以是一种溶剂或分散介质,含有如水、乙醇、多元醇(如甘油、丙二醇和液态聚乙二醇等)及其合适的混合物和植物油。适当的流动性可通过如使用包衣如卵磷脂,保持分散体所需合适粒径,及使用superfactant来加以保持。防止微生物的作用可使用各种抗细菌及抗真菌制剂如氯代丁醇、苯酚、山梨酸、theomersal等等。在许多情况下,优选包括等渗剂如糖或氯化钠。延长注射用组合物的吸收可通过在组合物中使用延缓吸收制剂如单硬脂酸铝和明胶来进行。
无菌注射溶液的制备是将所需量的活性化合物与上述列举的所需的各种其它成分在适当溶剂中混合然后经过滤灭菌。通常制备分散体是将各种无菌活性成分混入含有基本分散介质和上述列举的所需的其它成分的无菌赋形剂中。至于用于制备无菌注射溶液的无菌粉末,优选的制备方法是真空干燥和冷冻干燥技术,其从前述无菌过滤的溶液中生产出活性成分加上任何其它所需成分的粉末。
当肽被如上述方法适当保护,如使用惰性稀释剂或一种可吸收食用载体或被包含入硬或软壳胶囊中或被压缩成药片或直接与患者食物混合时,该活性化合物可经口服给予。在口服治疗给药时,活性化合物可与赋形剂混合并以可咽下的片剂、含片、锭剂、胶囊、酏剂、悬胶体、糖浆、干胶片等类型使用。所述组合物及制剂需含至少1%重量计的活性化合物。该组合物及制剂的百分比是可变化的,较适于在每单位大约5-80%重量之间。在这种治疗有用的组合物中活性化合物的量是能得到合适剂量的量。制备本发明的优选组合物或制剂以使每口服剂量单位形式含有大约0.1μg至2000mg的活性化合物。
片剂、丸剂、胶囊等也可含有以下物质:粘合剂如黄蓍胶、金合欢胶、玉米淀粉或明胶;赋形剂如磷酸二钙;分解剂如玉米淀粉、土豆淀粉、藻酸等;润滑剂如硬脂酸镁;增甜剂如蔗糖、乳糖或糖精或调味剂如薄荷、冬青油或樱桃调味品。当剂量单位形式是胶囊时,其除了上述各类物质外还可含有一种液体载体。有许多物质可作为剂量单位的包衣或改变其物理结构。例如,片剂、丸剂或胶囊可用虫胶、糖或两者一起包被。糖浆或酏剂可包含活性化合物,作为增甜剂的蔗糖、作为防腐剂的对羟苯甲酸甲酯和丙酯,染料及调味剂如樱桃或桔味调味剂。当然,用于制备任何剂量单位形式的任何物质必须是药物纯的并且在使用量内是确实无毒的。另外,可将活性化合物混入缓释的制备物或配制物中。
本文所用的“药学可接受载体和/或稀释剂”包括任何及所有溶剂,分散介质、包衣、抗细菌及抗真菌制剂、等渗剂及延缓吸收制剂等。本领域人员已熟知这些介质和制剂在药用活性物质中的使用。除了目前一些常规介质或制剂不能与活性成分相容之外,将其用在治疗组合物中是可行的。补加的活性成分也可混入到组合物中。
配制非肠道的剂量单位形式的组合物对便于服用及剂量的均匀是很有益处的。本文中所用的剂量单位形式指的是适于作为被治疗哺乳动物实验对象的单位剂量的物理分离的单位,每单位含有预定量的计算上与所需药用载体结合能产生所需治疗效果的活性物质。本发明的剂量单位形式的用量规格按照并直接根据(a)该活性物质的独特特点及需获得的特定治疗效果,(b)本领域中复合该活性物质以治疗损害身体健康的的活体的疾病的限制因素而定。
主要活性成分以有效量与适当药用载体复合成单位剂量形式,以方便并有效地给药。单位剂量形式可含有0.5μg至2000mg的主要活性化合物。以比例表示,活性化合物一般在每毫升载体中为约0.5μg。组合物含有增补的活性成分时,剂量的确定则参考通常剂量及所述成分的给药方式。
传递系统
各种传递系统是已知的且可用于本发明化合物的给药,例如,包裹在脂质体、微粒、微囊中,能表达该化合物重组细胞,受体介导的胞吞作用,将核酸构建为逆转录病毒或其它载体的一部分等等。导入的方法包括但不限于皮内的、肌内的、腹膜内的、静脉内的、皮下的、鼻内的、硬膜外的和口服途径。化合物或组合物可通过任何方便的途径给予,例如通过输注或大丸剂(bolus)注射,通过经上皮的或粘膜与皮肤途径(例如,口腔粘膜,直肠和肠粘膜,等等)的吸收并且可与其他生物活性剂一起给予。给药可为全身的或局部的。另外,可能希望通过任何合适路径将本发明的药物化合物或组合物导入中枢神经系统,包括室内(intraventricular)和鞘内注射;可通过例如附着于贮器(诸如Ommaya贮器)的室内导管来便于室内注射。还可通过例如使用吸入器或喷雾器以及含气雾剂的制剂来进行肺部给药。
在一具体的实施方案中,可能希望将本发明的药物化合物或组合物局部给药于需要治疗的区域;这可通过例如,而非限于,外科手术过程中的局部输注、局部应用,如联合手术后的创伤敷料、通过注射、通过导管、通过栓剂、或通过植入物,所述植入物是多孔的、非多孔的、或凝胶状材料,包括膜,诸如sialastic膜或纤维来实现。优选地,在给予蛋白质,包括本发明的抗体或肽时,必须注意使用蛋白质不吸附其上的材料。在另一实施方案中,可在载体内递送化合物或组合物,特别是脂质体。在还有一个实施方案中,可在受控释放系统中递送化合物或组合物。在一实施方案中,可使用泵。在另一实施方案中,可使用聚合材料。在还有一个实施方案中,受控释放系统可置于治疗靶,即脑的附近,因而只需要全身剂量的一小部分。
如果组合物的给药是受体动物可以忍耐的,则该组合物认为是″药学或生理学可接受的″以及适于给药于那些动物。如果给予量为生理学显著的话,则所述制剂认为是以“治疗有效量”给予的。如果制剂的存在引起受体患者生理学的可检测变化,则其为生理学显著的。
哺乳动物细胞的培养为表达外源DNA以产生本发明公开的功能性人FVIII衍生物的优选方法。尤其是,常见的用于重组蛋白生产的哺乳动物细胞,如中国仓鼠卵巢(CHO)细胞系,新生儿仓鼠肾(BHK)细胞系,COS细胞系,以及Madin Darby狗肾(MDCK)细胞系为目的细胞系。用于上述细胞的表达载体通常包括(如有必要)复制起始位点,位于表达基因前面的启动子,以及任何必要的核糖体结合位点,RNA剪接位点,聚腺苷酸化位点和转录终止序列。
供哺乳动物细胞之用,对表达载体的调节功能可由病毒材料提供。例如,通常使用的启动子源于延伸因子-1(EF-1),猿猴病毒40(SV40)和特别是巨细胞病毒(CMV)。此外,利用与所需基因序列正常连接的启动子或调节序列也是可能的且经常是所需的,条件是上述调节序列可与宿主细胞系统相容。
本发明并不限于此处描述的具体实施方案的范围。事实上,除此处所述的那些外,对于本领域技术人员而言根据上述描述和附图的本发明的各种改变将是显而易见的。所述改变也落入附加的权利要求范围内。以下的实施例提供作为本发明的例证,而不是作为限制。
实施例
实施例1-全长FVIIIcDNA的克隆
使用覆盖已公开序列(GenBank登录号:NM00132)的核苷酸7237-7258的基因特异性引物(F8B10,5’AGCACAAAGGTAGAAGGCAAGC3’(SEQ ID NO:2))进行反转录。简言之,50μg人肝脏mRNA,1μl 10X反转录缓冲液,1μM F8B10引物,4mM dNTPs,1单位的核糖核酸酶抑制剂和10单位的逆转录酶加入9.5μl总体积反应混合物中。反应随后在42℃孵育90分钟。合成的cDNA通过使用pfu聚合酶和三套基因-特异性引物的标准PCR方案扩增。第一套引物覆盖已公开序列(GenBank登录号:NM00132)的核苷酸133-1997:F8FD(FW,5’CCTTTTGCTTCTCCAGTTGAAC3’(SEQ ID NO:3))和F8BD(BW,5’TTCTCTGTGAGGTACCAGCTTC3’(SEQ ID NO:4))。第二和第三套引物分别覆盖核苷酸1810-4295和4044-7320:F8FC(FW 5’TGCCTGACCCGCTATTACTCTA3’(SEQ ID NO:5))和F8BB(BW,5’TCTATCTGTGTGAGGGTGCTCG 3’(SEQ I D NO:6));F8FA(FW 5’GGAGGAAGAAAACTTGGAAGGC3’(SEQ ID NO:7))和F8B10(参见图3)。PCR在以下条件进行:95℃变性1’30”的一个循环,扩增45个循环(95℃30秒,56℃30秒和68℃6分钟)以及一个循环的68℃延伸10分钟。
如图3中图解描述的,扩增的片段亚克隆入pCR2.1TOPO载体中。三个亚克隆片段随后使用KpnI和NsiI作为唯一的限制性位点连接入pCR2.1TOPO载体。连接三个片段后,FVIII编码区的内部KpnI位点通过同义突变除去,且位于pCR2.1TOPO多克隆位点的NsiI位点用ClaI替代以用KpnI和ClaI消化而除去连接的全长FVIII cDNA。为了进一步克隆的目的,两个限制性内切酶位点XbaI和NotI从pCR2.1载体主链除去。修饰的载体称为pCR2.1-全长FVIII。
实施例2-携带已在对应于B和A3结构域区域缺失的FVIII衍生物cDNA的质粒的构建
实施例2A-用于B-结构域缺失的FVIII衍生物的质粒的构建,衍生物带有各种大小的连接重链羧基端和轻链氨基端的间隔物
起始质粒pCR2.1-全长FVIII,包含全长因子VIII的cDNA,核苷酸133至7320位。pCR2.1-全长FVIII用EcoNI消化以从全长FVIII删除核苷酸2783至4804。EcoNI-消化的载体的粘性末端用DNA聚合酶I Klenow片段补平用于连接反应。连接的载体命名为pCR2.1-deltaEcoNI_FVIII且用作另外精确的缺失诱变的模板。
设计寡核苷酸引物以得到一系列精确的读框缺失。每个引物都与所删片段两边的侧翼序列相匹配。Delta-747,delta-754,delta-761,delta-768,delta-775和delta-782引物产生Arg747-Gln1659,Lys754-Gln1659,Ile761-Gln1659,Lys768-Gln1659,His775-Gln1659和Ile782-Gln1659的融合位点,其分别为:
(delta-747:5’-CTTCTCCCAGAATTCAAGACAAGAGGAAATTGACTATG-3’(SEQ IDNO:8));
(delta-754:5’-CCTAGCACTAGGCAAAAGCAAGAGGAAATTGACTATG-3’(SEQ IDNO:9));
(delta-761:5’-CAATTTAATGCCACCACAATTCAAGAGGAAATTGACTATG-3’(SEQ IDNO:10));
(delta-768:5’-CAGAAAATGACATAGAGAAGCAAGAGGAAATTGACTATG-3’(SEQ IDNO:11));
(delta-775:5’-GACCCTTGGTTTGCACACCAAGAGGAAATTGACTATG-3’(SEQ IDNO:12));
(delta-782:
5’GCACACAGAACACCTATGCCTAAAATACAAGAGGAAATTGACTATGATGATACC-3’(SEQ ID NO:13)).
除了上述突变的引物外,以质粒pCR2.1-deltaEcoNI_FVIII作为模板,将起始唯一的NcoI位点变为SalI的选择引物(5’-CGTGATCCATGTCGACGCCTGCTTGCC-3’(SEQ ID NO:14))被用于定点诱变。进行限制性消化以选择阳性克隆,其通过测序进一步验证。最终确定的克隆分别命名为dB747,dB754,dB761,dB768,dB775和dB782。
实施例2B-在融合位点包含新N-聚糖序列的质粒的产生
为了防止重链和轻链连接区非天然氨基酸序列的新抗原表位的暴露,我们通过将B-结构域的745,757和764位的Asn连接至紧接于1651,1654和1657位Ser或Thr氨基酸的1650,1653和1656位的氨基酸而在该融合位点创建N-糖基化识别序列(Asn-X-Ser/Thr,其中X可以是任何氨基酸),其在融合位点产生了N-糖基化位点。设计寡核苷酸引物以得到一系列精确的读框缺失。pCR2.1-deltaEcoNI_FVIII用作模板用于进一步精确的缺失诱变。每个引物都与所删片段两边的侧翼序列相匹配。N-745-1650,N-745-1653,N-745-1656,N-757-1650,N-757-1653,N-757-1656,N-764-1650,N-764-1653和N-764-1656引物产生了Asn745-Ile1650,Asn745-Thr1653,Asn745-Gln1656,Asn757-Ile1650,Asn757-Thr1653,Asn757-Gln1656,Asn764-Ile1650,Asn764-Thr1653和Asn764-Gln1656的融合位点。寡核苷酸引物的核苷酸序列如下:
(N-745-1650:5’-CAAGAAGCTTCTCCCAGAAAATAACTCGTACTACTCTTC-3’(SEQ IDNO:15));
(N-745-1653:5’-CAAGAAGCTTCTCCCAGAAAACTACTCTTCAGTCAGTC-3’(SEQ IDNO:16));
(N-745-1656:5’-CAAGAAGCTTCTCCCAGAAACAGTCAGATCAAGAGGAAATTG-3’(SEQ ID NO:17));
(N757-1650:5’-CTAGGCAAAAGCAATTTAATATAACTCGTACTACTCTTC-3’(SEQ IDNO:18));
(N-757-1563:5’-CTAGGCAAAAGCAATTTAATACTACTCTTCAGTCAGTC-3’(SEQ IDNO:19));
(N-757-1656:5’-CTAGGCAAAAGCAATTTAATCAGTCAGATCAAGAGGAAATTG-3’(SEQ ID NO:20));
(N-764-1650:5’-CACCACAATTCCAGAAAATATAACTCGTACTACTCTTC-3’(SEQ IDNO:21));
(N-764-1653:5’-CACCACAATTCCAGAAAATACTACTCTTCAGTCAGTC-3’(SEQ IDNO:22));
(N-764-1656:5’-CACCACAATTCCAGAAAATCAGTCAGATCAAGAGGAAATTG-3’(SEQID NO:23)).
除了上述突变的引物外,以质粒pCR2.1-deltaEcoNI_FVIII作为模板,将起始唯一的NcoI位点变为SalI的选择引物(5’-CGTGATCCATGTCGACGCCTGCTTGCC-3’(SEQ ID NO:24))被使用于定点诱变。进行限制性消化以选择阳性克隆,其通过测序进一步验证。最终确定的克隆分别命名为dBN(45-50),dBN(45-53),dBN(45-56),dBN(57-50),dBN(57-53),dBN(57-56),dBN(64-50),dBN(64-53)和dBN(64-56)。
实施例3-FVIII衍生物在哺乳动物细胞中的表达
实施例3A-哺乳动物表达载体的构建
从质粒dB747,dB754,dB761,dB768,dB775,dB782,dB761-739F,dB783-739F,dBN(45-50),dBN(45-53),dBN(45-56),dBN(57-50),dBN(57-53),dBN(57-56),dBN(64-50),dBN(64-53)和dBN(64-56)切下因子VIII衍生物的cDNA序列,平末端化且克隆在巨细胞病毒(CMV)启动子和牛生长素聚腺苷酸序列(bGHpA)之间。所有构建体中,插入方向通过限制性内切酶消化和测序验证。
实施例3B-哺乳动物表达构建体在BHK21细胞中的瞬时转染
BHK21细胞从美国典型培养物保藏中心(ATCC)获得,且在补充10%胎牛血清的EMEM中培养。转染前一天,细胞以使得到转染时细胞达到70-80%汇合度的密度接种在六-孔组织培养皿上。转染使用基于脂质体的试剂。每个转染使用1μg FVIII衍生物表达构建体DNA和30ng内部对照质粒pSV β-半乳糖苷酶(Promega,Madison,WI,USA)进行。转染后四小时,转染培养基通过吸出而除去,加入2ml完全培养基且平皿放回培养箱。在转染后24h,除去培养基,刮下,在-80℃冷冻。制备细胞裂解物且使用Galacto-Light Plus Kit(Tropix,MA,USA)根据厂家说明书测定细胞裂解物中β-半乳糖苷酶的活性。由内部对照质粒pSV β-半乳糖苷酶表达的β-半乳糖苷酶活性提供了监测转染效率的内部对照。基于每个孔中β-半乳糖苷酶活性校准FVIII活性。使用ELISA测定法来确定存在于培养基样品中的FVIII抗原水平(一式三份)。因子VIII(FVIII:C)的促凝剂活性通过使用FVIII Coatest显色测定法(Chromogenix,Molndal,Sweden)在培养基中定量(一式三份)。
结果列于表1和2中。
表1
转染后24h在用FVIII衍生物表达载体转染的BHK21培养物上清中FVIII抗原(FVIII:Ag)以及FVIII促凝剂活性(FVIII:C)的测定(结果以mU/ml或%/ml表示) | |||
衍生物 | FVIII:Ag(mU/ml) | FVIII:C(%/ml) | 比活性a |
dB-747dB-754dB-761dB-768dB-775dB-782 | 77.8±5.9289.9±5.1672.8±10.2785.6±1.1775.5±7.9376.3±4.66 | 7.1±0.618.8±0.288.3±0.549.2±0.447.5±0.327.7±0.46 | 0.090.100.110.110.100.10 |
全长FVIII | 5.2±0.72 | 0.2±0.01 | 0.04 |
a通过FVIII:C值除以FVIII:Ag值计算
表2
转染后24h在用FVIII衍生物表达载体转染的BHK21培养物上清中FVIII抗原(FVIII:Ag)以及FVIII促凝剂活性(FVIII:C)的测定(结果以mU/ml或%/ml表示) | ||
衍生物 | FVIII:Ag(mU/ml) | FVIII:C(%/ml) |
dBN(45-50)dBN(45-53)dBN(45-56)dBN(57-50)dBN(57-53)dBN(57-56)dBN(64-50)dBN(64-53)dBN(64-56) | 81.4±5.7298.9±2.5788.6±6.3787.9±11.182.4±3.2486.5±8.1587.4±7.3880.7±5.5684.9±3.42 | 7.2±0.738.4±0.237.2±0.758.1±0.377.3±0.547.6±0.698.2±0.537.5±0.647.9±0.41 |
全长FVIII | 5.5±0.53 | 0.3±0.06 |
结果表明经缺失的FVIII衍生物在凝血试验中具有生物学活性的且与用全长FVIII相比用FVIII衍生物构建体获得更高的蛋白水平。此外,对于本发明的衍生物FVIII:C与FVIII:Ag的比率比全长FVIII的更高,表明FVIII衍生物在分泌入培养基后可能更稳定。如表3所示,与重组全长FVIII相比,重组FVIII衍生物FVIII活性(FVIII:C)的提高在孵育后所有时间都更高。
实施例4-739位Pro用Phe的取代
在FVIII B-结构域删除的上述变体中Pro739用定点诱变的方法改变。寡核苷酸引物(5’-AACAATGCCATTGAATTCAGAAGCTTCTCCCAG-3’(SEQ ID NO:25))设计为能在739位导入Pro用Phe的替换。整个突变过程与上述实施例2一样。每个B-结构域缺失的FVIII衍生物中具有Pro 739Phe替换的载体分别命名为dB747-739F,dB754-739F,dB761-739F,dB768-739F,dB775-739F,dB782-739F,dBN(45-50)-739F,dBN(45-53)-739F,dBN(45-56)-739F,dBN(57-50)-739F,dBN(57-53)-739F,dBN(57-56)-739F,dBN(64-50)-739F,dBN(64-53)-739F和dBN(64-56)-739F。得到的DNA克隆入哺乳动物表达载体,制备,转染而得到如上的待测样品。如表4所示,发现dB761-739F和dB782-739F分别产生比dB761和dB782更强的活性,在739位脯氨酸至苯基丙氨酸的突变后提高了活性。
表3
转染后24h和48h在用FVIII衍生物表达载体转染的BHK21培养物上清中FVIII促凝剂活性(FVIII:C)的测定(结果以%/ml表示) | ||
衍生物 | 24h | 48h |
dB-747dB-754dB-761dB-768dB-775dB-782 | 7.8±0.099.0±0.288.0±0.227.7±0.317.3±0.446.2±0.12 | 15.9±0.8517.9±0.4316.0±0.6918.0±0.1914.9±0.3414.2±0.91 |
全长FVIII | 0.3±0.09 | 0.2±0.06 |
表4
用FVIII衍生物表达载体稳定转染的HEK293细胞的上清中FVIII促凝剂活性(FVIII:C)的测定(结果以%/ml/24h表示) | |||
衍生物 | 一步法测定 | 二步法测定 | 二步法/一步法的活性比率 |
dB761dB761-739FdB782dB782-739F全长FVIII | 53.2±2.9079.5±4.1265.0±3.4762.6±5.1410.2±1.29 | 85.4±7.85251.6±14.5770.1±5.7998.7±9.1511.3±1.34 | 1.613.161.081.581.11 |
实施例5-表达FVIII衍生物的HEK293细胞系的确立
实施例5A-用于产生稳定表达FVIII衍生物哺乳动物细胞的质粒的构建
如图4所示,用于实施例的哺乳动物表达质粒为pI2G-Hygro,其包含顺时针方向顺序的巨细胞病毒启动子,多接头和牛生长素聚腺苷酸化信号序列,后面是由SV40启动子驱动的潮霉素抗性表达盒和编码氨苄青霉素抗性的基因。质粒pI2G-Hygro的多接头用Kpn1和XhoI切开。该载体中连接约4.5kb的包含FVIII衍生物编码序列的Kpn1和XhoI片段,其是从实施例2,3和4描述的质粒中切下的。每个具有单一因子VIII衍生物编码序列的pI2G-Hygro载体称为pI2G-Hygro-“以每个FVIII衍生物cDNA命名的质粒”(参见实施例2,3和4)。例如,包含dB747和dBN(45-50)(实施例2和3中)编码序列的哺乳动物表达载体分别称为pI2G-Hygro-dB47和pI2G-Hygro-dBN(45-50)。
实施例5B-HEK293细胞的稳定转染
包含每个FVIII转录单位的pI2G-hygro质粒用MfeI线性化且用苯酚-氯仿和乙醇沉淀以用于HEK293细胞转染的制备。HEK293细胞通过基于脂质体的转染方法用包括FVIII衍生物编码序列的线性化pI2G-Hygro质粒DNA转染。每个转染用每10cm直径培养皿2μgDNA进行。转染后48h,除去培养基,细胞经胰蛋白酶消化,在包含潮霉素(500μg/ml)和10%胎牛血清的DMEM选择培养基中稀释和培养。两星期后,分离抗选择培养基的单一克隆且在选择培养基中进一步扩增随后冷冻用于进一步的研究。通过测定FVIII衍生物作为辅因子作用于因子IXa-依赖的因子X向因子Xa的转化的能力而检测FVIII衍生物的分泌,其使用针对因子Xa的显色底物(Coatest Factor VIII,Chromogenix,Sweden)。
实施例5C-单链FVIII在HEK293细胞中表达的证实
为了证实FVIII衍生物以单链多肽分泌入培养基,在补充有35S-甲硫氨酸的培养基中培养稳定转染的HEK293细胞6小时。随后制备条件培养基和细胞提取物用于通过免疫沉淀法和SDS聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(图5A)的分析。显示来自细胞提取物(C)和条件培养基(M)的FVIII衍生物的迁移。每个FVIII衍生物的名称标记在顶部。结果证实通过A1,A2和B结构域至A3结构域中Arg-1648(胞内加工位点)后(beyond)的融合产生的FVIII衍生物并不影响FVIII衍生物从细胞的合成或分泌。产生的主要FVIII种类为约170kDa的单链分子。对于FVIII抗原的免疫印迹,包含重组因子VIII衍生物dB782和dBN(45-50)的培养基以及正常HEK293对照细胞培养基用Centricon 30,000MWCO在收获的当天浓缩约100倍。
使用ELISA方法测定FVIII浓度。浓缩物随后通过SDS-PAGE分离并且通过使用单克隆抗体(ESH-8)的免疫印迹法分析。如图5B所示,用于Western印迹法的ESH-8抗体检测到一主要的蛋白,迁移至约170kDa处,其与图5A中代谢标记试验的结果相似。
结果表明本发明的FVIII衍生物主要以未加工的,单链形式的FVIII分子存在于培养基中。图5C描述了FVIII衍生物的凝血酶活化作用。35S-甲硫氨酸标记的FVIII衍生物从稳定表达的HEK293细胞捕获条件培养基免疫沉淀且分成等分而在凝血酶(1U/mL)缺乏(泳道1,3,5和7)或存在(泳道2,4,6和8)时37℃孵育30分钟。用SDS-PAGE样品缓冲液终止反应并且蛋白片段通过10%SDS-PAGE分离。FVIII蛋白形式在右边如下标明:SC,单链;A1和A2,凝血酶裂解的重链片段;LC,凝血酶裂解的轻链。每个FVIII衍生物的名称标记在顶部。凝血酶消化后该放射性标记蛋白质的分析表明分别对应于凝血酶裂解的轻链,A1和A2结构域的分子大小,正常出现73kD和50和40kD片段。结果证实单链FVIII衍生物以与天然或全长FVIII蛋白类似的模式被裂解随后被激活。该单链FVIII衍生物在这一点上是有利的,即它们可以均一的形式产生并且相对于天然的人或其他的重组FVIII具有改善的稳定性特点。
实施例6-表达FVIII衍生物的CHO细胞系的确立
实施例6A-质粒的构建
用于稳定转染的CHO细胞系建立的质粒通过将包括SV40启动子序列,编码DHFR选择标记的基因和SV40晚期聚腺苷酸化信号序列的称为pI2G-DHFR的表达盒插入实施例3中所述哺乳动物表达载体的单个MfeI位点而构建。通过MfeI消化游离的末端通过DNA聚合酶I的Klenow片段的处理变平。该亚克隆化过程在图6中描述。
实施例6B-CHO细胞用质粒的转染
CHO细胞通过基于脂质体的转染方法用包含dB782编码序列的质粒pI2G-DHFR的线性化DNA转染,每10cm直径的培养皿用1或2μgDNA。转染后48小时,细胞用胰蛋白酶消化,在包含10%透析的胎牛血清无次黄嘌呤,胸苷和黄嘌呤的IMDM选择培养基中稀释和孵育。两星期后,抗选择培养基的克隆传代培养至1-ml随后至2-ml的杯中。当细胞达到70%汇合度时,除去培养基,洗涤细胞菌苔且用包含5%灭活血清(避免在凝固试验中的高背景)的新鲜培养基补足。24小时后,收获培养基且分析FVIII的促凝剂活性。生物学活化的人FVIII通过用前述的FVIII-缺陷血浆(Veldkamp等.,Thromb.Diath.Haemorrh.1968,19:279)的标准凝血或凝结测定法(所谓的活化部分凝血活酶时间)在培养物上清样品中定量。抗浓度提高的MTX的细胞中因子VIII活性结果在表5中呈现。
表5
用MTX在基因-扩增前后对包含dB782编码序列的哺乳动物表达载体p12G-dhfr-dB782转染的CHO/DBX11细胞FVIII促凝剂活性的比较 | |
MTX(μM) | FVIII:C的MU/ml/24h |
00.020.080.31.05.0 | <1.04.9416.81295402900 |
实施例7-重组全长FVIII和FVIII衍生物通过凝血酶的活化作用
重组全长FVIII和FVIII衍生物对通过凝血酶活化作用的动力学研究作一比较。在催化量凝血酶存在下孵育后用经典的凝固试验(APTT)测定活化作用。
图7A和7B显示重组人FVIII(rH FVIII)和FVIII衍生物的凝血酶活化作用动力学比较。与凝血酶孵育5分钟后,一些FVIII衍生物以7倍提高量被更强地激活。两个FVIII衍生物dBN(64-53)和dBN(64-56)以与rhFVIII同样的方式激活。虽然一些FVIII衍生物具有更高的活化作用倍数,它们并不比其他衍生物或全长FVIII更快地被激活,由此表明FVIII衍生物不是预先激活的。这对其治疗用途很重要。
一些衍生物经凝血酶的更高的活化倍数可由其更低的活化阈值解释。在血管损伤位点产生的少量凝血酶可引起FVIII衍生物增强的活化作用,使该衍生物与其他具有FVIII活性的衍生物相比能以增强的效率充当促凝剂分子。换言之,除dBN(64-53)和dBN(64-56)外的FVIII衍生物可在血液凝固事件的早期被激活。因此,具有更高活化作用倍数的FVIII衍生物能以比其他具有FVIII活性的分子更低的剂量以及减少的次数而给药于甲型血友病病人。此显著降低了病人中抑制性的抗体产生的风险。此外,此还进一步降低了生产和药物治疗的成本。
此处引用的所有参考文献作为参考整体应用。
* * * * *
仅仅使用常规试验,本领域技术人员将意识到或能确定许多此处详细描述的本发明具体技术方案的等价形式。上述等价形式也包含在权利要求的范围内。
序列表
<110>IN2GEN Co.,LTD
<120>因子VIII多肽
<130>59258-03USA
<150>US10/353,753
<151>2003-01-28
<160>25
<170>KopatentIn 1.71
<210>1
<211>2332
<212>PRT
<213>人
<400>1
Ala Thr Arg Arg Tyr Tyr Leu Gly Ala Val Glu Leu Ser Trp Asp Tyr
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Met Gln Ser Asp Leu Gly Glu Leu Pro Val Asp Ala Arg Phe Pro Pro
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Arg Val Pro Lys Ser Phe Pro Phe Asn Thr Ser Val Val Tyr Lys Lys
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Thr Leu Phe Val Glu Phe Thr Val His Leu Phe Asn Ile Ala Lys Pro
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Arg Pro Pro Trp Met Gly Leu Leu Gly Pro Thr Ile Gln Ala Glu Val
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Tyr Asp Thr Val Val Ile Thr Leu Lys Asn Met Ala Ser His Pro Val
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Ser Leu His Ala Val Gly Val Ser Tyr Trp Lys Ala Ser Glu Gly Ala
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Glu Tyr Asp Asp Gln Thr Ser Gln Arg Glu Lys Glu Asp Asp Lys Val
115 120 125
Phe Pro Gly Gly Ser His Thr Tyr Val Trp Gln Val Leu Lys Glu Asn
130 135 140
Gly Pro Met Ala Ser Asp Pro Leu Cys Leu Thr Tyr Ser Tyr Leu Ser
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His Val Asp Leu Val Lys Asp Leu Asn Ser Gly Leu Ile Gly Ala Leu
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Leu Val Cys Arg Glu Gly Ser Leu Ala Lys Glu Lys Thr Gln Thr Leu
180 185 190
His Lys Phe Ile Leu Leu Phe Ala Val Phe Asp Glu Gly Lys Ser Trp
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His Ser Glu Thr Lys Asn Ser Leu Met Gln Asp Arg Asp Ala Ala Ser
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Ala Arg Ala Trp Pro Lys Met His Thr Val Asn Gly Tyr Val Asn Arg
225 230 235 240
Ser Leu Pro Gly Leu Ile Gly Cys His Arg Lys Ser Val Tyr Trp His
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Val Ile Gly Met Gly Thr Thr Pro Glu Val His Ser Ile Phe Leu Glu
260 265 270
Gly His Thr Phe Leu Val Arg Asn His Arg Gln Ala Ser Leu Glu Ile
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Ser Pro Ile Thr Phe Leu Thr Ala Gln Thr Leu Leu Met Asp Leu Gly
290 295 300
Gln Phe Leu Leu Phe Cys His Ile Ser Ser His Gln His Asp Gly Met
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Glu Ala Tyr Val Lys Val Asp Ser Cys Pro Glu Glu Pro Gln Leu Arg
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Met Lys Asn Asn Glu Glu Ala Glu Asp Tyr Asp Asp Asp Leu Thr Asp
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Ser Glu Met Asp Val Val Arg Phe Asp Asp Asp Asn Ser Pro Ser Phe
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Ile Gln Ile Arg Ser Val Ala Lys Lys His Pro Lys Thr Trp Val His
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Tyr Ile Ala Ala Glu Glu Glu Asp Trp Asp Tyr Ala Pro Leu Val Leu
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Gln Arg Ile Gly Arg Lys Tyr Lys Lys Val Arg Phe Met Ala Tyr Thr
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Asp Glu Thr Phe Lys Thr Arg Glu Ala Ile Gln His Glu Ser Gly Ile
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Phe Lys Asn Gln Ala Ser Arg Pro Tyr Asn Ile Tyr Pro His Gly Ile
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Ser Val Phe Asp Glu Asn Arg Ser Trp Tyr Leu Thr Glu Asn Ile Gln
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Arg Phe Leu Pro Asn Pro Ala Gly Val Gln Leu Glu Asp Pro Glu Phe
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Gln Ala Ser Asn Ile Met His Ser Ile Asn Gly Tyr Val Phe Asp Ser
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Leu Gln Leu Ser Val Cys Leu His Glu Val Ala Tyr Trp Tyr Ile Leu
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Ser Ile Gly Ala Gln Thr Asp Phe Leu Ser Val Phe Phe Ser Gly Tyr
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Thr Phe Lys His Lys Met Val Tyr Glu Asp Thr Leu Thr Leu Phe Pro
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Phe Ser Gly Glu Thr Val Phe Met Ser Met Glu Asn Pro Gly Leu Trp
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Ile Leu Gly Cys His Asn Ser Asp Phe Arg Asn Arg Gly Met Thr Ala
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Leu Leu Lys Val Ser Ser Cys Asp Lys Asn Thr Gly Asp Tyr Tyr Glu
705 710 715 720
Asp Ser Tyr Glu Asp Ile Ser Ala Tyr Leu Leu Ser Lys Asn Asn Ala
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Ile Glu Pro Arg Ser Phe Ser Gln Asn Ser Arg His Pro Ser Thr Arg
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Gln Lys Gln Phe Asn Ala Thr Thr Ile Pro Glu Asn Asp Ile Glu Lys
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Thr Asp Pro Trp Phe Ala His Arg Thr Pro Met Pro Lys Ile Gln Asn
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Val Ser Ser Ser Asp Leu Leu Met Leu Leu Arg Gln Ser Pro Thr Pro
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His Gly Leu Ser Leu Ser Asp Leu Gln Glu Ala Lys Tyr Glu Thr Phe
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Ser Asp Asp Pro Ser Pro Gly Ala Ile Asp Ser Asn Asn Ser Leu Ser
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Glu Mel Thr His Phe Arg Pro Gln Leu His His Ser Gly Asp Mel Val
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Phe Thr Pro Glu Ser Gly Leu Gln Leu Arg Leu Asn Glu Lys Leu Gly
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Thr Thr Ala Ala Thr Glu Leu Lys Lys Leu Asp Phe Lys Val Ser Ser
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Thr Ser Asn Asn Leu Ile Ser Thr Ile Pro Ser Asp Asn Leu Ala Ala
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Gly Thr Asp Asn Thr Ser Ser Leu Gly Pro Pro Ser Met Pro Val His
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Tyr Asp Ser Gln Leu Asp Thr Thr Leu Phe Gly Lys Lys Ser Ser Pro
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Leu Thr Glu Ser Gly Gly Pro Leu Ser Leu Ser Glu Glu Asn Asn Asp
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Ser Lys Leu Leu Glu Ser Gly Leu Met Asn Ser Gln Glu Ser Ser Trp
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Gly Lys Asn Val Ser Ser Thr Glu Ser Gly Arg Leu Phe Lys Gly Lys
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Arg Ala His Gly Pro Ala Leu Leu Thr Lys Asp Asn Ala Leu Phe Lys
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Val Ser Ile Ser Leu Leu Lys Thr Asn Lys Thr Ser Asn Asn Ser Ala
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Thr Asn Arg Lys Thr His Ile Asp Gly Pro Ser Leu Leu Ile Glu Asn
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Ser Pro Ser Val Trp Gln Asn Ile Leu Glu Ser Asp Thr Glu Phe Lys
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Lys Val Thr Pro Leu Ile His Asp Arg Met Leu Met Asp Lys Asn Ala
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Thr Ala Leu Arg Leu Asn His Met Ser Asn Lys Thr Thr Ser Ser Lys
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Asn Met Glu Met Val Gln Gln Lys Lys Glu Gly Pro Ile Pro Pro Asp
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Ala Gln Asn Pro Asp Met Ser Phe Phe Lys Met Leu Phe Leu Pro Glu
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Ser Ala Arg Trp Ile Gln Arg Thr His Gly Lys Asn Ser Leu Asn Ser
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Gly Gln Gly Pro Ser Pro Lys Gln Leu Val Ser Leu Gly Pro Glu Lys
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Ser Val Glu Gly Gln Asn Phe Leu Ser Glu Lys Asn Lys Val Val Val
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Gly Lys Gly Glu Phe Thr Lys Asp Val Gly Leu Lys Glu Met Val Phe
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Pro Ser Ser Arg Asn Leu Phe Leu Thr Asn Leu Asp Asn Leu His Glu
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Asn Asn Thr His Asn Gln Glu Lys Lys Ile Gln Glu Glu Ile Glu Lys
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Lys Glu Thr Leu Ile Gln Glu Asn Val Val Leu Pro Gln Ile His Thr
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Val Thr Gly Thr Lys Asn Phe Met Lys Asn Leu Phe Leu Leu Ser Thr
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Arg Gln Asn Val Glu Gly Ser Tyr Glu Gly Ala Tyr Ala Pro Val Leu
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Gln Asp Phe Arg Ser Leu Asn Asp Ser Thr Asn Arg Thr Lys Lys His
1250 1255 1260
Thr Ala His Phe Ser Lys Lys Gly Glu Glu Glu Asn Leu Glu Gly Leu
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Gly Asn Gln Thr Lys Gln Ile Val Glu Lys Tyr Ala Cys Thr Thr Arg
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Ile Ser Pro Asn Thr Ser Gln Gln Asn Phe Val Thr Gln Arg Ser Lys
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Arg Ala Leu Lys Gln Phe Arg Leu Pro Leu Glu Glu Thr Glu Leu Glu
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Lys Arg Ile Ile Val Asp Asp Thr Ser Thr Gln Trp Ser Lys Asn Met
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Lys His Leu Thr Pro Ser Thr Leu Thr Gln Ile Asp Tyr Asn Glu Lys
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Glu Lys Gly Ala Ile Thr Gln Ser Pro Leu Ser Asp Cys Leu Thr Arg
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Ser His Ser Ile Pro Gln Ala Asn Arg Ser Pro Leu Pro Ile Ala Lys
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Val Ser Ser Phe Pro Ser Ile Arg Pro Ile Tyr Leu Thr Arg Val Leu
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Phe Gln Asp Asn Ser Ser His Leu Pro Ala Ala Ser Tyr Arg Lys Lys
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Asp Ser Gly Val Gln Glu Ser Ser His Phe Leu Gln Gly Ala Lys Lys
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Asn Asn Leu Ser Leu Ala Ile Leu Thr Leu Glu Met Thr Gly Asp Gln
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Arg Glu Val Gly Ser Leu Gly Thr Ser Ala Thr Asn Ser Val Thr Tyr
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Lys Lys Val Glu Asn Thr Val Leu Pro Lys Pro Asp Leu Pro Lys Thr
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Ser Gly Lys Val Glu Leu Leu Pro Lys Val His Ile Tyr Gln Lys Asp
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Leu Phe Pro Thr Glu Thr Ser Asn Gly Ser Pro Gly His Leu Asp Leu
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Val Glu Gly Ser Leu Leu Gln Gly Thr Glu Gly Ala Ile Lys Trp Asn
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Glu Ala Asn Arg Pro Gly Lys Val Pro Phe Leu Arg Val Ala Thr Glu
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Ser Ser Ala Lys Thr Pro Ser Lys Leu Leu Asp Pro Leu Ala Trp Asp
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Asn His Tyr Gly Thr Gln Ile Pro Lys Glu Glu Trp Lys Ser Gln Glu
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Lys Ser Pro Glu Lys Thr Ala Phe Lys Lys Lys Asp Thr Ile Leu Ser
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Len Asn Ala Cys Glu Ser Asn His Ala Ile Ala Ala Ile Asn Glu Gly
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Gln Asn Lys Pro Glu Ile Glu Val Thr Trp Ala Lys Gln Gly Arg Thr
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Glu Arg Leu Cys Ser Gln Asn Pro Pro Val Leu Lys Arg His Gln Arg
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Glu Ile Thr Arg Thr Thr Leu Gln Ser Asp Gln Glu Glu Ile Asp Tyr
1650 1655 1660
Asp Asp Thr Ile Ser Val Glu Met Lys Lys Glu Asp Phe Asp Ile Tyr
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Asp Glu Asp Glu Asn Gln Ser Pro Arg Ser Phe Gln Lys Lys Thr Arg
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His Tyr Phe Ile Ala Ala Val Glu Arg Leu Trp Asp Tyr Gly Met Ser
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Ser Ser Pro His Val Leu Arg Asn Arg Ala Gln Ser Gly Ser Val Pro
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Gln Phe Lys Lys Val Val Phe Gln Glu Phe Thr Asp Gly Ser Phe Thr
1730 1735 1740
Gln Pro Leu Tyr Arg Gly Glu Leu Asn Glu His Leu Gly Leu Leu Gly
1745 1750 1755 1760
Pro Tyr Ile Arg Ala Glu Val Glu Asp Asn Ile Met Val Thr Phe Arg
1765 1770 1775
Asn Gln Ala Ser Arg Pro Tyr Ser Phe Tyr Ser Ser Leu Ile Ser Tyr
1780 1785 1790
Glu Glu Asp Gln Arg Gln Gly Ala Glu Pro Arg Lys Asn Phe Val Lys
1795 1800 1805
Pro Asn Glu Thr Lys Thr Tyr Phe Trp Lys Val Gln His His Met Ala
1810 1815 1820
Pro Thr Lys Asp Glu Phe Asp Cys Lys Ala Trp Ala Tyr Phe Ser Asp
1825 1830 1835 1840
Val Asp Leu Glu Lys Asp Val His Ser Gly Leu Ile Gly Pro Leu Leu
1845 1850 1855
Val Cys His Thr Asn Thr Leu Asn Pro Ala His Gly Arg Gln Val Thr
1860 1865 1870
Val Gln Glu Phe Ala Leu Phe Phe Thr Ile Phe Asp Glu Thr Lys Ser
1875 1880 1885
Trp Tyr Phe Thr Glu Asn Met Glu Arg Asn Cys Arg Ala Pro Cys Asn
1890 1895 1900
Ile Gln Met Glu Asp Pro Thr Phe Lys Glu Asn Tyr Arg Phe His Ala
1905 1910 1915 1920
Ile Asn Gly Tyr Ile Met Asp Thr Leu Pro Gly Leu Val Met Ala Gln
1925 1930 1935
Asp Gln Arg Ile Arg Trp Tyr Leu Leu Ser Met Gly Ser Asn Glu Asn
1940 1945 1950
Ile His Ser Ile His Phe Ser Gly His Val Phe Thr Val Arg Lys Lys
1955 1960 1965
Glu Glu Tyr Lys Met Ala Leu Tyr Asn Leu Tyr Pro Gly Val Phe Glu
1970 1975 1980
Thr Val Glu Met Leu Pro Ser Lys Ala Gly Ile Trp Arg Val Glu Cys
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Leu Ile Gly Glu His Leu His Ala Gly Met Ser Thr Leu Phe Leu Val
2005 2010 2015
Tyr Ser Asn Lys Cys Gln Thr Pro Leu Gly Met Ala Ser Gly His Ile
2020 2025 2030
Arg Asp Phe Gln Ile Thr Ala Ser Gly Gln Tyr Gly Gln Trp Ala Pro
2035 2040 2045
Lys Leu Ala Arg Leu His Tyr Ser Gly Ser Ile Asn Ala Trp Ser Thr
2050 2055 2060
Lys Glu Pro Phe Ser Trp Ile Lys Val Asp Leu Leu Ala Pro Met Ile
2065 2070 2075 2080
Ile His Gly Ile Lys Thr Gln Gly Ala Arg Gln Lys Phe Ser Ser Leu
2085 2090 2095
Tyr Ile Ser Gln Phe Ile Ile Met Tyr Ser Leu Asp Gly Lys Lys Trp
2100 2105 2110
Gln Thr Tyr Arg Gly Asn Ser Thr Gly Thr Leu Met Val Phe Phe Gly
2115 2120 2125
Asn Val Asp Ser Ser Gly Ile Lys His Asn Ile Phe Asn Pro Pro Ile
2130 2135 2140
Ile Ala Arg Tyr Ile Arg Leu His Pro Thr His Tyr Ser Ile Arg Ser
2145 2150 2155 2160
Thr Leu Arg Met Glu Leu Met Gly Cys Asp Leu Asn Ser Cys Ser Met
2165 2170 2175
Pro Leu Gly Met Glu Ser Lys Ala Ile Ser Asp Ala Gln Ile Thr Ala
2180 2185 2190
Ser Ser Tyr Phe Thr Asn Met Phe Ala Thr Trp Ser Pro Ser Lys Ala
2195 2200 2205
Arg Leu His Leu Gln Gly Arg Ser Asn Ala Trp Arg Pro Gln Val Asn
2210 2215 2220
Asn Pro Lys Glu Trp Leu Gln Val Asp Phe Gln Lys Thr Met Lys Val
2225 2230 2235 2240
Thr Gly Val Thr Thr Gln Gly Val Lys Ser Leu Leu Thr Ser Met Tyr
2245 2250 2255
Val Lys Glu Phe Leu Ile Ser Ser Ser Gln Asp Gly His Gln Trp Thr
2260 2265 2270
Leu Phe Phe Gln Asn Gly Lys Val Lys Val Phe Gln Gly Asn Gln Asp
2275 2280 2285
Ser Phe Thr Pro Val Val Asn Ser Leu Asp Pro Pro Leu Leu Thr Arg
2290 2295 2300
Tyr Leu Arg Ile His Pro Gln Ser Trp Val His Gln Ile Ala Leu Arg
2305 2310 2315 2320
Met Glu Val Leu Gly Cys Glu Ala Gln Asp Leu Tyr
2325 2330
<210>2
<211>22
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>FVIII特异引物
<400>2
agcacaaagg tagaaggcaa gc 22
<210>3
<211>22
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>FVIII特异引物
<400>3
ccttttgctt ctccagttga ac 22
<210>4
<211>22
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>FVIII特异引物
<400>4
ttctctgtga ggtaccagct tc 22
<210>5
<211>22
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<220>
<223>FVIII特异引物
<400>5
tgcctgaccc gctattactc ta 22
<210>6
<211>22
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>FVIII特异引物
<400>6
tctatctgtg tgagggtgct cg 22
<210>7
<211>22
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>FVIII特异引物
<400>7
ggaggaagaa aacttggaag gc 22
<210>8
<211>38
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<213>人工序列
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<223>FVIII缺失引物
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<210>11
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<213>人工序列
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<210>12
<211>37
<212>DNA
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<223>FVIII缺失引物
<400>12
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<210>13
<211>54
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<210>14
<211>27
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<213>人工序列
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<223>FVIII突变引物
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<212>DNA
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<223>FVIII突变引物
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<210>16
<211>38
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>FVIII突变引物
<400>16
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<210>17
<211>42
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>FVIII突变引物
<400>17
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<210>18
<211>39
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
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<400>18
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<210>19
<211>38
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>FVIII突变引物
<400>19
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<211>42
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
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<223>FVIII突变引物
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<210>21
<211>38
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>FVIII突变引物
<400>21
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<210>22
<211>37
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>FVIII突变引物
<400>22
caccacaatt ccagaaaata ctactcttca gtcagtc 37
<210>23
<211>41
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>FVIII突变引物
<400>23
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<210>24
<211>27
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>FVIII突变引物
<400>24
cgtgatccat gtcgacgcct gcttgcc 27
<210>25
<211>33
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>FVIII突变引物
<400>25
aacaatgcca ttgaattcag aagcttctcc cag 33
Claims (20)
1.因子VIII多肽,其和全长人因子VIII氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:1)相比包括融合至从约741至782的B结构域中任何氨基酸序列,在1649和1688之间存在一个或多个氨基酸内部缺失。
2.根据权利要求1所述的因子VIII多肽,其中内部缺失为氨基酸746至1649,746至1652,746至1655,758至1649,758至1652,758至1655,765至1649,765至1652,765至1655,748至1658,755至1658,762至1658,769至1658,776至1658或783至1658。
3.根据权利要求1所述的因子VIII多肽,其为单链。
4.根据权利要求1所述的因子VIII多肽,其中739位的脯氨酸由另一氨基酸替代。
5.根据权利要求1所述的因子VIII多肽,基于全长人因子VIII氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:1),包括包含在745、757或764位的Asn氨基酸和1651、1654或1657位的Thr或Ser氨基酸间的融合位点的三肽序列(Asn-X-Thr或Asn-X-Ser)。
6.根据权利要求1所述的因子VIII多肽,由带有以下连接的结构域的通式表示:
H-S-L
其中
(i)H结构域代表基本上包括根据SEQ ID NO:1人因子VIII的Ala-1至Arg-740的多肽序列;
(ii)S结构域代表包括不超过约60个氨基酸的多肽间隔接头,其中S结构域的N末端约为根据SEQ ID NO:1人因子VIII的残基740位,而S结构域的C末端约为残基1688位;和
(iii)L结构域代表多肽序列,其基本上包括根据SEQ ID NO:1人因子VIII的Arg-1689至Tyr-2332位。
7.根据权利要求6的因子VIII多肽,其中S结构域包括基本上类似于从约Ser-741至Asn-745,Arg-747,Lys-754,Asn-757,Ile-761,Asn-764,Lys-768,His-775或Ile-782的连续序列的氨基酸序列。
8.根据权利要求6的因子VIII多肽,其中S结构域包括基本上类似于从约Glu-1649至Pro-1688的连续序列的氨基酸序列。
9.根据权利要求8的因子VIII多肽,其中S结构域包括基本上类似于从约Ile-1650,Thr-1653,Gln-1656或Gln-1659至Pro-1688的连续序列的氨基酸序列。
10.根据权利要求6的因子VIII多肽,其中在S结构域中,氨基酸746至1649,746至1652,746至1655,758至1649,758至1652,758至1655,765至1649,765至1652,765至1655,748至1658,755至1658,762至1658,769至1658,776至1658或783至1658缺失,其中残基编号基于SEQ ID NO:1。
11.包含权利要求1的因子VIII多肽和其一种药学可接受载体的药物组合物。
12.包括权利要求1的因子VIII多肽的冻干组合物。
13.在受试者中凝结血液的方法,包括将凝结有效量的权利要求1的因子VIII多肽接触血液。
14.在患者中治疗甲型血友病的方法,包括将凝结有效量的权利要求1的因子VIII多肽给与需要的患者。
15.编码根据权利要求1所述因子VIII多肽的分离的核酸。
16.包括权利要求15的核酸的表达载体,所述核酸与启动子有效连接。
17.包括权利要求16的表达载体的宿主细胞。
18.制备权利要求1所述的因子VIII多肽的方法,包括在适于载体表达多肽的条件下培养权利要求17的细胞和分离多肽。
19.在受试者中凝结血液的方法,包括:
a)产生包括权利要求16的核酸序列的重组病毒或质粒载体;
b)用所述重组载体体外转染培养的细胞群,产生经转染的细胞群;知
c)将该细胞给至哺乳动物宿主,以致所述核酸序列在上述宿主中的表达引起血凝固。
20.特异于权利要求1所述因子VIII多肽的纯化的抗体。
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US10/353,753 US7041635B2 (en) | 2003-01-28 | 2003-01-28 | Factor VIII polypeptide |
US10/353,753 | 2003-01-28 |
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US (1) | US7041635B2 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP2253645B1 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100642293B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN100404552C (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2003274766B8 (zh) |
BE (1) | BE2017C021I2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2514646C (zh) |
DK (2) | DK1587832T3 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2446041T3 (zh) |
FR (1) | FR17C1024I2 (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1150840A1 (zh) |
LU (1) | LUC00023I2 (zh) |
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- 2003-10-27 CN CNB2003801093319A patent/CN100404552C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2003-10-27 KR KR1020047021206A patent/KR100642293B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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- 2003-10-27 ES ES03759019.7T patent/ES2446041T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-27 WO PCT/KR2003/002277 patent/WO2004067566A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-10-27 DK DK10171071.3T patent/DK2253645T3/en active
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- 2003-10-27 AU AU2003274766A patent/AU2003274766B8/en active Active
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- 2017-06-19 BE BE2017C021C patent/BE2017C021I2/nl unknown
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9441030B2 (en) | 2007-02-23 | 2016-09-13 | Sk Chemicals Co., Ltd. | Process for producing and purifying factor VIII and its derivatives |
US9926361B2 (en) | 2007-02-23 | 2018-03-27 | Sk Chemicals Co., Ltd. | Process for producing and purifying factor VIII and its derivatives |
CN103917554A (zh) * | 2011-10-18 | 2014-07-09 | Csl有限公司 | 用于改善重构后纯化的因子viii的稳定性的方法 |
CN106414491A (zh) * | 2014-01-20 | 2017-02-15 | 奥克塔法马股份有限公司 | 一种制备FVIII:C/FVIII:Ag比例提高的因子VIII的方法 |
CN106414491B (zh) * | 2014-01-20 | 2021-06-18 | 奥克塔法马股份有限公司 | 一种制备FVIII:C/FVIII:Ag比例提高的因子VIII的方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK1587832T3 (en) | 2014-02-24 |
EP2253645A2 (en) | 2010-11-24 |
WO2004067566A1 (en) | 2004-08-12 |
LUC00023I2 (zh) | 2017-09-08 |
FR17C1024I2 (fr) | 2019-07-19 |
EP1587832A1 (en) | 2005-10-26 |
EP2253645B1 (en) | 2016-03-23 |
HK1150840A1 (zh) | 2012-01-13 |
BE2017C021I2 (zh) | 2023-03-07 |
US7041635B2 (en) | 2006-05-09 |
US20040147436A1 (en) | 2004-07-29 |
AU2003274766B2 (en) | 2009-02-12 |
KR20050044776A (ko) | 2005-05-12 |
EP2253645A3 (en) | 2011-02-16 |
FR17C1024I1 (zh) | 2017-09-08 |
ES2446041T3 (es) | 2014-03-06 |
AU2003274766B8 (en) | 2009-08-27 |
EP1587832B1 (en) | 2013-12-11 |
AU2003274766A1 (en) | 2004-08-23 |
CA2514646A1 (en) | 2004-08-12 |
NL300878I2 (nl) | 2017-11-02 |
CN100404552C (zh) | 2008-07-23 |
LUC00023I1 (zh) | 2017-06-21 |
KR100642293B1 (ko) | 2006-11-03 |
DK2253645T3 (en) | 2016-06-27 |
CA2514646C (en) | 2013-07-23 |
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