CN1396908A - 美味的精氨酸化合物及其用于心血管健康的应用 - Google Patents
美味的精氨酸化合物及其用于心血管健康的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1396908A CN1396908A CN01804292A CN01804292A CN1396908A CN 1396908 A CN1396908 A CN 1396908A CN 01804292 A CN01804292 A CN 01804292A CN 01804292 A CN01804292 A CN 01804292A CN 1396908 A CN1396908 A CN 1396908A
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- arginine
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- C07D311/04—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring
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Abstract
本发明涉及具有如下结构(I)的化合物:及其可接受的盐、多肽和前体,其中R选自于:(a)取代甘油;其中n为1到2的整数;(b)维生素;其中n为1;(c)甾醇;其中n为1;(d)甾烷醇;其中n为1;(e)C6-C32烷基;和(f)C6-C32烯基;其中n为1。本发明还涉及组合物和含有这些化合物的套盒以及使用这些化合物的方法。此处的这些化合物、组合物、套盒和方法适用于向消费者提供通常的健康益处,特别是对心血管的益处、抗更年期益处和/或治疗性功能障碍(特别是勃起功能障碍)。最特别地,此处的化合物、组合物、套盒和方法适用于提供心血管益处,包括降低消费者的胆甾醇、治疗、预防和/或抑制心脏病(如动脉粥样硬化、再狭窄、血栓症)并例如治疗如高胆甾醇血、高血压、循环障碍以及与糖尿病有关的并发症的其它疾病。
Description
引用优先申请
本发明要求2000年1月28日申请的美国临时申请序列号60/178,723的优先权。
发明领域
本发明涉及适用于提供各种通常的健康益处包括、但不限于对心脏的益处包括降低消费者的胆甾醇、治疗、预防和/或抑制心脏病(如动脉粥样硬化、再狭窄、血栓症)并治疗疾病如高胆甾醇血、高血压、循环障碍以及与糖尿病有关的并发症的化合物、组合物、套盒和方法。
发明背景
心血管疾病包括心脏病、高胆甾醇血、高血压、循环障碍以及与糖尿病有关的并发症,为导致人类死亡率的最主要原因的严重内科疾病。为预防和治疗这些疾病已经提出了各种疗法,包括药物的、饮食的和运动的疗法。尽管如此,在所有内科疾病中,这些疾病仍保持在最普遍和严重的内科疾病之列。
左旋精氨酸为天然氨基酸,已鉴定可提供某些通常的健康益处包括如对心血管的益处,如降低消费者的胆甾醇、治疗、预防和/或抑制心脏病和循环障碍。例如参见1995年1月31日授权Moskowitz、转让给General Hospital公司的美国专利第5,385,940号;1993年6月16日公布的、转让给Ajinomoto公司的Sonaka等人的专利EP 0,546,796;1990年4月24日授权Cotter等人、转让给Baxter国际公司的美国专利第4,920,098号;1991年7月16日授权Dudrick的美国专利第5,032,608号;1993年6月8日授权Levere等人的美国专利第5,217,997号;1995年6月27日授权Cooke等人、转让给斯坦福大学的美国专利第5,428,070号;1983年12月13日授权Chibata等人、转让给Tanabe Seiyaky公司的美国专利第4,420,432号;1994年11月15日授权Varma等人、转让给Baylor医学院的美国专利第5,364,884号;以及1992年10月20日授权Barbul的美国专利第5,157,022号。
因此,左旋精氨酸的效用、特别是对于提升心血管健康的效用在本领域是众所周知的。但是,就任何有益的食物疗法而言,为实现其各种益处,必须确保顺应性。不幸的是,左旋精氨酸及其近衍生物(包括盐、多肽和前体)具有浓烈的苦和鱼腥味,使精氨酸的使用通常不可接受。这导致了包括左旋精氨酸的食物疗法的顺应性降低,因而无法实现必需的对心血管的益处。因此,为提高顺应性,需要提供减少和/或除去与左旋精氨酸有关的不可接受的味道的形式的左旋精氨酸。
不幸的是,味道的改善通常会与需要提供的成分的通常健康益处的减少联在一起。此外,由于需要供给较大量的左旋精氨酸(如每一剂量约3克到约10克的左旋精氨酸),掩盖浓烈的苦和鱼腥味变得愈加困难了。这些困难在普遍认为现有含左旋精氨酸的产品因其不可接受的味道而不被消费者接受的市场中自身表示出来。
本发明者惊人地发现通过用此处所述的任何不同组分酯化左旋精氨酸,可显著地改善左旋精氨酸的不可接受的味道。有趣地且十分出人意料地,酯化的左旋精氨酸相对于左旋精氨酸本身体现明显改善的味道。已发现当该组分为亲油性时这种改进尤其明显。因此,这种组合对消费者是可接受的,更重要的是,可转化为改善食物疗法的顺应性并增强对心血管和其它健康方面的益处。此外,该酯的体内分解产物是生物学上可接受的,并且在许多情况下提供了补充左旋精氨酸的健康益处的独特益处。
对于已知文献来说,上述发现是出乎意料的。因此,本发明者已发现可提供通常的健康益处包括对心血管益处的化合物、组合物和套盒。相对于已知的产品,因为其味道对消费者可接受,通过使用这种组合物可改善和/或确保顺应性。该组合物可很容易地作为药物、食品或饮料(优选地为食品或饮料产品)供应,并且可以套盒的形式供应,其中套盒还具有向消费者传播有关化合物和组合物的各种健康益处和服用剂量的信息的优势。
发明概要
(a)取代甘油;其中n为1到2的整数;
(b)维生素;其中n为1;
(c)甾醇;其中n为1;
(d)甾烷醇;其中n为1;
(e)C6-C32烷基;其中n为1;和
(f)C6-C32烯基;其中n为1。
本发明还涉及组合物和含有这些化合物的套盒以及使用这些化合物的方法。此处的这些化合物、组合物、套盒和方法适用于向消费者提供通常的健康益处,特别是对心血管的益处、抗更年期益处和/或治疗性功能障碍(特别是勃起功能障碍)。最特别地,此处的化合物、组合物、套盒和方法适用于提供心血管益处,包括降低消费者的胆甾醇、治疗、预防和/或抑制心脏病(如动脉粥样硬化、再狭窄、血栓症)并例如治疗如高胆甾醇血、高血压、循环障碍以及与糖尿病有关的并发症的其它疾病。
发明详述
本发明涉及适用于向消费者提供通常的健康益处,特别是心血管益处、抗更年期益处和/或治疗性功能障碍(特别是勃起功能障碍)的化合物、包含这些化合物的组合物。此处的本发明还涉及含有这些化合物和组合物的套盒以及使用组合物提供上述通常健康益处的方法。
出版物、专利和专利申请引用于本公开的各个部分。此处所引的所有参考文献由此引用作为参考。
除非有另外说明,所有百分数和比值都按重量来计算。除非另有说明,所有百分数和比值都以总组合物为基础计算。
所有组分或组合物含量指的都是组分或组合物的活性含量,并且杂质不计在内,例如,残余的溶剂或副产物,在可市售获得的来源中可能存在有这些杂质。
本文提及到一些组分的商品名称,这些组分包括(但不限于)某些脂肪、风味剂和其它组分。本发明的发明者没有将物料限制到某些商品名称范围内的意图。在本发明的组合物、套盒和方法中,可以代用和使用商品名称所涉及的那些物料的等价物料(例如,从不同来源获得的具有不同名称或目录(索引)号的物料)。
在本发明的说明书中,公开了各种实施方案和/或具体的特征。对于本领域普通技术人员来说,这些实施方案和技术特征的所有组合无疑都是可能的,而且可能成为本发明的优选实施方案。
本发明的组合物、方法和套盒可以包括本文所述的任何要素,或者可以基本上由或由这些要素组成。
定义
此处所用的“烷基”是指未取代或取代的、支化或未支化的饱和烃基。此处除非另外说明,烷基具有1到约32个碳原子、优选地约3到约30个碳原子、更优选地约6到约28个碳原子、最优选地约6到约22个碳原子。
此处所用的“烯基”是指未取代或取代的、支化或未支化的具有至少一个烯键的烃基。此处除非另外说明,烯基具有2到约32个碳原子、优选地约3到约30个碳原子、更优选地约6到约28个碳原子、最优选地约6到约22个碳原子。优选的烯基为从烯基链的□(末端)数起在3和4位的碳原子之间有双键的□-3-烯基。
此处所用的“酰烷基”为-C(O)-烷基,其中“C(O)”代表具有与其以双键相连的氧原子的碳原子。
此处所用的“酰烯基”为-C(O)-烯基,其中“C(O)”代表具有与其以双键相连的氧原子的碳原子。
本发明的化合物
本发明涉及适用于向消费者提供通常的健康益处,特别是心血管益处、抗更年期益处和/或治疗性功能障碍(特别是勃起功能障碍)的化合物。此处的本发明还涉及组合物和含有组合物的套盒以及使用它们提供上述通常健康益处的方法。最特别地,此处的组合物、套盒和方法适用于提供心血管益处,包括降低消费者的胆甾醇、治疗、预防和/或抑制心脏病(如动脉粥样硬化、再狭窄、血栓症)并例如治疗如高胆甾醇血、高血压、循环障碍以及与糖尿病有关的并发症的其它疾病。
(a)取代甘油;其中n为1到2的整数;
(b)维生素;其中n为1;
(c)甾醇;其中n为1;
(d)甾烷醇;其中n为1;
(e)C6-C32烷基;其中n为1;和
(f)C6-C32烯基;其中n为1。
此处为了简单,相同的结构可以简化为如下的形式:
其中,如此处所用的,应把“Arg”理解为表示左旋精氨酸而不是对映体右旋精氨酸。
在发现本发明化合物的过程中,本发明者已惊人地发现左旋精氨酸的令人讨厌的味道可通过与此处说明的成分酯化而显著减少或去除。不受理论的限制,本发明者已令人激动地发现通过增强左旋精氨酸的亲油性,可以去除和/或减少与游离左旋精氨酸(和盐、多肽和前体)有关的令人讨厌的味道。本发明的酯还另外对提供心血管和与左旋精氨酸有关的其它健康益处特别有用。此外,此处的化合物已被精心地选取,以使活体内水解产物可提供另外的健康益处,如增加营养补充或进一步的心血管益处。这些惊人的出乎意料的结果考虑了与左旋精氨酸的摄取有关的增强的供应和顺应性,同时另外提供与水解产物有关的健康益处。
此处所用的左旋精氨酸(包括其盐、多肽和前体)可被选自于取代甘油、维生素、甾醇、甾烷醇、C6-C32烷基和C6-C32烯基的成分酯化。下面更具体地说明这些成分中的每一种成分。左旋精氨酸
以上述结构表示的作为重要成分的左旋精氨酸及其盐、多肽和前体在本领域通常是众所周知的。左旋精氨酸为天然氨基酸,已鉴定可提供某些通常的健康益处包括如对心血管的益处,包括降低消费者的胆甾醇、治疗、预防和/或抑制心脏病(如动脉粥样硬化、再狭窄)、高血压、循环障碍和/或与糖尿病有关的并发症。例如参见1995年1月31日授权Moskowitz、转让给General Hospital公司的美国专利第5,385,940号;1993年6月16日公布的、转让给Ajinomoto公司的Sonaka等人的专利EP 0,546,796;1990年4月24日授权Cotter等人、转让给Baxter国际公司的美国专利第4,920,098号;1991年7月16日授权Dudrick的美国专利第5,032,608号;1993年6月8日授权Levere等人的美国专利第5,217,997号;1995年6月27日授权Cooke等人、转让给斯坦福大学的美国专利第5,428,070号;1983年12月13日授权Chibata等人、转让给Tanabe Seiyaky公司的美国专利第4,420,432号;1994年11月15日授权Varma等人、转让给Baylor医学院的美国专利第5,364,884号;以及1992年10月20日授权Barbul的美国专利第5,157,022号。
此处所用的左旋精氨酸可以其游离形式或可以多肽、盐和/或前体的形式使用。优选地,左旋精氨酸以其游离形式或盐的形式使用。此处所用的盐应为可接受的盐,即适用于药物和/或食品组合物、优选地食品组合物的盐。因为此处的左旋精氨酸在羧酸位处被酯化,此处的左旋精氨酸的盐为阴离子盐,即在任何碱性基(如氨基)处形成的盐。左旋精氨酸的盐在本领域是众所周知的。例如,可使用有机盐如磷酸盐、柠檬酸盐、醋酸盐、苹果酸盐、酒石酸盐、富马酸盐、己二酸盐和乳酸盐,以及无机盐如盐酸盐和氢溴酸盐。
左旋精氨酸的多肽在本领域也是众所周知的。适用于此处的优选的多肽包括易于在活体内易水解提供游离左旋精氨酸或此处所述的酯化左旋精氨酸的多肽。左旋精氨酸的二肽和三肽特别地优选。
左旋精氨酸的前体也可用于此处。前体(通常也称为前药)为在活体内水解时可提供游离左旋精氨酸的那些形式。非限制地但优选地,这些前体的例子包括左旋精氨酸的酰胺,特别是左旋精氨酸的□-氮的酰胺。例如,甲基、乙基、丙基和丁基酰胺为此处优选的前体。
如此处进一步所述,左旋精氨酸实际上为此处以“R”表示的结构部分的酯,其中R为甘油骨架、取代甘油骨架、维生素、甾醇、甾烷醇、C6-C32烷基或C6-C32烯基。如进一步所述,在某些情况下,多于一分子的左旋精氨酸(或盐、多肽或前体)可连在取代甘油骨架上。下面进一步介绍R结构部分。取代甘油
本发明的化合物可为取代甘油骨架(此处简称为取代甘油)和左旋精氨酸的酯、或其可接受的盐、多肽和前体。该化合物可被除了左旋精氨酸或通常存在的羟基结构部分的结构部分一取代或二取代。这样,其中化合物为一取代时,两个左旋精氨酸分子被酯化且n为2,或一个左旋精氨酸分子被酯化且在取代甘油处存在有一个游离羟基结构部分。同样地,其中化合物为二取代时,一个左旋精氨酸分子被酯化且n为1。优选地,其中R为取代甘油,取代甘油为二取代的。
此处所用的术语“取代”是指甘油骨架上的一个或多个羟基结构部分被独立地选自于烷基、烯基、酰烷基和酰烯基的结构部分取代。优选地,甘油骨架上的一个或多个羟基结构部分被独立地选自于酰烷基和酰烯基、最优选地酰烯基的结构部分取代。这些烷基、烯基、酰烷基或酰烯基可被选自于烷基、烯基、烃氧基(即-O-烷基或-O-烯基)、羟基、含氧基(C(O))、硝基、氨基、氰基、卤素、羧基、酰烷基、酰烯基、硫醇、亚氨基、硫代含氧基(C(S))、优选地烷基、烃氧基、羟基、含氧基、硝基、氨基、卤素和硫醇、更优选地烷基、烃氧基、羟基、含氧基、硝基、氨基和卤素、甚至更优选地烷基、烯基和烃氧基的取代基进一步取代。
例如,取代甘油可为二取代甘油(n为1),其中甘油骨架的两个羟基结构部分独立地被酰烷基取代。为了说明,该化合物具有如下结构:其中R1和R2每个都独立地为烷基。
其中甘油骨架被选自于酰烷基和酰烯基的结构部分取代,优选地该结构部分来自于易得的脂肪酸,优选地为适用于食品和饮料组合物的脂肪酸。这些脂肪酸包括、但不限于C6脂肪酸、C8脂肪酸、C10肪酸、C12脂肪酸(如月桂酸酯)、C14脂肪酸(如肉豆蔻酸酯)、C16脂肪酸(如棕榈酸酯和棕榈油酸酯)、C18脂肪酸(如硬脂酸酯、油酸酯、亚油酸酯和亚麻酸酯)、C20脂肪酸(如花生酸酯和花生四烯酸酯)、C22脂肪酸(如二十二烷酸酯)和C24脂肪酸(如二十四烷酸酯)。
在特别优选的实施方案中,甘油骨架上的一个或两个(优选地两个)羟基结构部分独立地被酰烯基结构部分如来自于上述脂肪酸且具有至少一个烯键的酰烯基结构部分取代。优选的酰烯基为来自于□-3-脂肪酸的酰烯基。本领域众所周知,□-3-脂肪酸为具有连接碳3和碳4原子的烯键的脂肪酸,其中脂肪酸链的碳原子是从脂肪酸的□(末端)数起的。因此,如此处所用,特别优选的实施方案为其中甘油骨架上的一个或多个羟基结构部分被□-3-酰烯基取代的实施方案。为了说明,该化合物可具有如下的非限制性的结构:其中R1和R2每个都为-CH2-;且其中x和x’一般独立地为约3到约33的整数。或者,作为另一非限制性的例子,□-3-脂肪酸链可含有一个或多个另外的烯键。维生素
本发明的化合物还可为维生素和左旋精氨酸的酯、或其盐、前体或多肽。在本发明的此实施方案中,整数n为1。优选地,所用的维生素含有至少一个羟基结构部分,使维生素易于酯化。
此处维生素的使用不仅提供了左旋精氨酸的令人讨厌的味道的减少或去除,而且还提供了由该维生素给予的另外的营养益处。由于本化合物的摄取或吸收会引起酯官能团的活体内水解,所用的维生素会被释放,提供该维生素的营养益处。各种维生素的营养益处在本领域是众所周知的。因此,在本酯化合物的R结构部分使用维生素为本发明的特别优选的实施方案。
此处所用的维生素应为含有羟基结构部分、以使该维生素适用于与左旋精氨酸酯化的维生素。这些维生素的非限制性例子包括维生素A、维生素D、维生素E和维生素K5。此外,本发明者已发现脂溶性维生素如维生素A、维生素D和维生素E由于其亲油性在此处最为优选。如此处发现,其中左旋精氨酸亲油性越强,左旋精氨酸的有害的味道越容易减少和/或去除。因此,虽然可使用任何含有羟基结构部分的维生素,优选地R选自于维生素A、维生素D和维生素E。用作R的最优选的维生素为维生素E。
如此处所用,预期使用这些维生素的所有形式。例如维生素D可包括维生素D1、D2、D3和D4。同样地,维生素A可包括维生素A和A2。优选地,当使用维生素A时,该维生素A为视黄醇的形式。同样优选地,当使用维生素E时,该维生素E为生育酚(tocotrienol)(如□-生育酚、□-生育酚、□-生育酚和□-生育酚,优选地为□-生育酚)或生育三烯酚(如□-生育三烯酚、□-生育三烯酚、□-生育三烯酚和□-生育三烯酚)。最优选地,该维生素E为□-生育酚。
其中R为维生素的优选化合物的非限制性例子列于下表1中。如果需要,可将这些化合物变为其可接受的盐、多肽和前体。
本发明的化合物也可为左旋精氨酸和甾醇的酯。在本发明的此实施方案中,整数n将为1。
此处甾醇的使用不仅可提供减少或去除左旋精氨酸的令人讨厌的味道,而且可以提供由该甾醇给予的另外的心血管益处。由于本发明化合物的摄取和吸收会引起酯官能团在活体内的水解,所用的甾醇会释放,提供该甾醇的心血管益处。最近已发现,甾醇可用于食品组合物以促进心血管健康,如通过降低血清胆甾醇含量促进心血管健康。因此,使用这些甾醇可惊人地改善左旋精氨酸的味道,同时向消费者提供另外的健康益处。
这里使用的甾醇是本领域熟知的。作为非限制性例子,在1961年10月10日授权Stern、转让给Eastman Kodak公司的美国专利第3,004,043号;1963年4月1日授权Wruble等人的美国专利第3,085,939号;1973年8月7日授权Erickson、转让给宝洁公司的美国专利第3,751,569号;1975年2月11日授权Jandacek、转让给宝洁公司的美国专利第3,865,939号;1980年3月25日授权Ong、转让给Eli Lilly公司的美国专利第4,195,084号;1984年7月24日授权Malinow、转让给医药研究基金会的美国专利第4,461,762号;1985年6月18日授权Arichi等人、转让给Osaka Chemical Lab公司的美国专利第4,524,067号;1986年7月22日授权Malinow、转让给医药研究基金会的美国专利第4,602,003号;1987年7月14日授权Cassal、转让给Hoffman-La Roche公司的美国专利第4,680,290号;1992年5月12日授权Ambrus等人的美国专利第5,112,815号;1993年9月14日授权Straub的美国专利第5,244,887号;1993年12月14日授权Eugster等人、转让给Marigen S.A.的美国专利第5,270,041号;1997年1月7日授权Mazur等人、转让给宝洁公司的美国专利第5,591,836号;1998年12月1日授权Moreau等人、转让给美国的美国专利第5,843,499号;1999年9月28日授权Miettenen等人、转让给Raisio Benecol有限公司的美国专利第5,958,913号;1998年7月9日出版的Karppanen等人的转让给Pharmaconsult的WO 98/28990;1988年11月9日出版的Shirakawa等人的EP 0,289,636;1994年8月18日出版的Ko的、转让给Du Pont MerckPharmaceutical的WO 94/18225;1995年3月30日出版的Festo的、转让给Inpharma S.A.的WO 95/08342;1997年11月20日出版的Ritter等人的、转让给Unilever PLC的WO 97/42830;1998年1月15日出版的Van Amerongen等人的、转让给Unilever PLC的WO 98/01126;和1998年2月19日出版的Wester等人的、转让给Raision Tehtaat的WO98/06405中介绍了这类甾醇。上述引用中介绍的任何甾醇以及本领域通常知道的那些甾醇可用于本发明化合物的R结构部分。
这样,此处所用的术语“甾醇”可包括天然或合成的植物或动物的甾醇或三萜烯。这包括植物甾醇和真菌甾醇以及胆甾醇,但是优选地此处不使用胆甾醇本身。对于甾醇的更详细的讨论参见如Nes,W.D.和Parish,E.J.编辑、学术出版公司出版(1989年)的“甾醇和其它生物学上重要的甾类的分析”。优选的甾醇的非限制性例子包括薯蓣皂苷配基、豆甾烷醇、提果皂苷配基、□-谷甾醇、□-谷甾醇、豆甾醇、麦角甾醇、菜油甾醇、石竹素、大豆皂草精醇、原子囊精(protoascigenin)、togenol、protoparaxadiol、protopanaxadiol、□-香树精、□-香树精、羽扇醇、丁酰鲸鱼醇、日耳曼醇、4-去甲基甾醇、4-一甲基甾醇和4,4’-二甲基甾醇。此处所用的甾醇的其它非限制性例子包括7-脱氢胆甾醇、22-脱氢胆甾醇、24-脱氢胆甾醇、酵母甾醇、□7-胆甾醇、脑甾醇、22-□-羟胆甾醇、22-二氢麦角甾醇、新海绵甾醇、cerebisterol、篓甾醇、focosterol、□-菠菜甾醇、马尾藻甾醇(sargasterol)、7-dehydrocryonasterol、多孔甾醇、chondrillasterol、cryonasterol(□-谷甾醇)、二氢-□-谷甾醇、14-脱氢麦角甾醇、24(28)-脱氢麦角甾醇、麦角甾醇、菜子甾醇、24-亚甲基胆甾醇、子囊甾醇、episterol、fecosterol和5-二氢麦角甾醇。
此处特别优选的为此处使用植物甾醇。术语植物甾醇是指不饱和甾醇和其来源于植物的混合物,以及合成甾醇和与天然甾醇相同的或具有与天然存在的甾醇相似性质的其混合物。本领域众所周知,植物甾醇(通常也称为植物的甾醇)为如植物油脂的天然成分。
此处用作R结构部分的最优选的植物甾醇包括谷甾醇(如□-谷甾醇(24-乙基-5□-胆甾烷-3□-醇)和5□-谷甾醇)、豆甾醇和菜油甾醇。在S.P.Kochhar的“加工对食用植物油甾醇的影响”Prog.Lipid Res,第22卷第161-188页中给出了这些成分的示意图。例如,□-谷甾醇具有如下的结构:
通常地已知植物甾醇的制备方法;例如,谷甾醇可从木材和精制植物油得到,通常地包含较少量的其它甾醇,如菜油甾醇、豆甾醇和各种燕麦甾醇。适用于此处的其它适宜的植物甾醇包括菜子甾醇和22,23-二氢菜子甾醇。甾烷醇
本发明的化合物也可为左旋精氨酸和甾烷醇的酯。在本发明的此实施方案中,整数n将为1。
与甾醇的使用一样,此处甾烷醇的使用不仅可提供减少或去除左旋精氨酸的令人讨厌的味道,而且可以提供由该甾烷醇给予的另外的心血管益处。在活体内的水解中,所用的甾烷醇会释放,提供该甾烷醇的心血管益处。最近已发现,甾烷醇可用于食品组合物以促进心血管健康,如通过降低血清胆甾醇含量促进心血管健康。因此,使用这些甾烷醇可惊人地改善左旋精氨酸的味道,同时向消费者提供另外的健康益处。
在天然产品如小麦、黑麦、谷物和黑小麦中存在有少量的甾烷醇。它们也可通过天然甾醇混合物如植物油基甾醇混合物或可从市售的木甾醇的氢化很容易地制得。这样得到的植物甾醇可通过众所周知的氢化方法如基于使用有机溶剂中的钯/碳催化剂(或其它类似的催化剂)被转化为甾烷醇。本领域的普通技术人员已知许多钯催化剂和溶剂,这些催化剂可用于氢化甾醇以生成需要的甾烷醇。例如,□-谷甾烷醇(24-乙基-5□-胆甾烷-3□-醇)可通过有机溶剂中□-谷甾醇的氢化而制备。
因此,包括上述甾醇例子的任何甾醇都可用于制备需要的甾烷醇。因此,有用的甾烷醇的非限制性例子包括此处所述的甾醇的氢化产物。此处最优选的甾烷醇包括植物甾醇的甾烷醇,例如谷甾烷醇(如□-谷甾烷醇和5□-谷甾烷醇)、菜油甾烷醇、24-□-甲基胆甾烷醇、豆甾烷醇、穿贝海绵甾烷醇和二氢菜子甾烷醇,这里可以描述为植物甾烷醇。例如四种主要的植物甾烷醇为菜油甾烷醇、22,23-二氢菜子甾烷醇、□-谷甾烷醇和穿贝海绵甾烷醇,其具有如下的结构:
其中X为菜油甾烷醇及其差向异构体、22,23-二氢菜子甾烷醇的-CH3,其中X为谷甾烷醇及其差向异构体、穿贝海绵甾烷醇的-C2H5。菜油甾烷醇和22,23-二氢菜子甾烷醇仅在C24位的立体构型不同。同样地,谷甾烷醇和穿贝海绵甾烷醇仅在C24位的立体构型不同。穿贝海绵甾烷醇的另一名称是(3□,5□,24S)-豆甾-5烷-3-醇;谷甾烷醇为(3□,5□,24R)-豆甾-5烷-3-醇;菜油甾烷醇为(3□,5□,24R)-麦角甾-5烷-3-醇;二氢菜子甾烷醇为(3□,5□,24S)-麦角甾-5烷-3-醇。
因此,可用于此处且具有作为甾烷醇的R结构的化合物的非限制性例子包括具有如下结构的化合物:其中X为如上所述的主要植物甾烷醇的结构部分。C 6 -C 32 烷基和烯基
适用于此处的化合物也可为C6-C32烷基或C6-C32烯基和左旋精氨酸的酯或其盐、多肽或前体。在此实施方案中,整数n为1。
已发现使用本发明的左旋精氨酸的烷基和烯基酯可显著地增强左旋精氨酸的亲油性,这又会惊人地改善左旋精氨酸的味道,以使其美味且可接受的使用。因此,其中R结构部分为C6-C32烷基或C6-C32烯基的化合物在此处特别地优选。优选地,在本实施方案中,R为C10-C28烷基或烯基,更优选地为C12-C22烷基或烯基,最优选地为C16-C22烷基或烯基。
脂肪醇可用于酯化以提供本发明的酯化合物。例如,优选的醇包括己醇、辛醇、癸醇、月桂醇、肉豆蔻醇、鲸蜡醇和硬脂醇。适用于此处的最优选的醇为适用于食品和饮料的醇。
列于表2中的化合物的烯基也特别地有用。例如□-3烯基,即在碳链(末端)的第3和4位碳原子之间有烯键的基团为此处优选的实施方案。例如,其中R为□-3C8烯基的相应的左旋精氨酸酯具有如下结构:
本发明的套盒
本发明还涉及包含此处所述的化合物或包含该化合物的组合物和使用化合物/组合物提供通常健康益处的治疗的信息的套盒。这些通常的健康益处包括、但不限于心血管益处,包括降低消费者的胆甾醇、治疗、预防和/或抑制心脏病(如动脉粥样硬化、再狭窄、血栓症)和如治疗其它心血管疾病如高胆甾醇血、高血压、循环障碍以及其它与糖尿病有关的并发症。此外,套盒可包含使用化合物/组合物以提供感官益处如可接受的(如良好的)味道的信息。
套盒中所提供的、作为套盒的一部分传播的信息可为口头信息,但优选地为书面信息。这些书面信息通常地存在于与组合物有关的包装上(如在包含化合物/组合物的包装上的标签或包含在套盒内的包装说明书)。此处所用的“书面”是指通过文字、图片、标识和/或其它可见的表示的信息。这些信息不需要使用实际的字,而是使用图片、标识等等表达预期在本发明的范围内的相同或相似的意思。这些信息还可包括有关通常健康益处和这些健康益处的原因、特别是对某些病状的治疗(包括前述的病状),对使用者很重要。
本发明的方法
本发明还包括提供某些健康益处特别是降低血清胆甾醇或治疗其它心血管问题或疾病(如此处提出的)的方法,包括系统地(普遍地、口服地)使哺乳动物(优选地为人)连续地服用治疗有效剂量的本发明组合物。这些方法包括治疗、预防和/或抑制(此处共同地称为治疗)一种或多种以下疾病:心血管问题包括、但不限于如动脉粥样硬化、再狭窄、血栓症、高胆甾醇血、高血压、糖尿病、血管障碍、循环障碍以及其它问题如休克。此处优选的方法包括治疗动脉粥样硬化、高胆甾醇血、高血压、糖尿病和循环障碍中的一种或多种。
根据本发明的方法,本组合物或优选包含该化合物的组合物是由哺乳动物、优选地人服用的。优选地此服用为口服。此处所用的相对于哺乳动物(优选地人)的术语“口服”(或类似的)是指哺乳动物摄取或被指导摄取(优选地为治疗一种或多种此处所述的各种健康问题的目的)一种或多种本发明的化合物/组合物。其中哺乳动物被指导摄取一种或多种化合物/组合物,这种指导可为指示和/或告知使用者使用该组合物可以和/或将提供对于特定关心的健康问题的治疗。例如,这种指导可为口头指导(如通过来自于如医生、销售专业人员或机构和/或广播或电视媒体(即广告)的口头指示)或书面指导(如通过来自于如医生或其它医疗专家(如处方)、销售专业人员或机构(如通过如推销手册、小册子或其它指导性的附件)的书面指导)、书面媒介(如互联网、电子邮件或其它与计算机有关的媒介)和/或与组合物相关的包装(如包含组合物的包装上的标签)。此处所用的“书面”是指通过文字、图片、标识和/或其它明显的描述符。
本发明的化合物/组合物可以通过任何系统的方法服用,但是该服用优选地为口服的。通常地此服用为至少每月一次,但优选地为每周一次,最优选地为每日一次。本发明化合物/组合物的优选的剂量会有变化。普通技术人员会认识到这种变化在很大程度上取决于如消费者的年龄、性别、体重和健康状况的因素。但是,通常优选地单独地或以说述组合物形式每日服用约0.05克到约200克的该化合物。更优选地单独地或以说述组合物形式每日服用约0.01克到约20克、甚至更优选地约0.1克到约45克、最优选地约0.5克到约27克的该化合物。
制备方法
本发明的化合物是按照本领域的技术人员熟知的方法制备的。在制备本发明的化合物中所用的起始物料是已知的,通过已知方法制备或以市售的物料作为起始物料。
已认识到有机化学领域的普通技术人员可以在没有另外的指导下容易地进行有机化合物的标准操作。如在1992年John Wiley & Sons出版的J.March的标准课本《高等有机化学》中介绍了该操作的实例。
技术人员会很容易地理解某些反应在化合物中的其它官能团被掩蔽或保护时可最佳地进行,这样可提高反应的产率和/或避免任何不需要的副反应。通常,技术人员使用保护基团以实现该提高产率或避免不需要的反应。在文献中可找到这些反应,而且在技术人员的范围内也熟知这些反应。在如1981年John Wiley & Sons出版的T.Greene的《有机合成中的保护基团》中可找到该操作的许多例子。
本发明的化合物可具有至少一个手性中心(由于此处左旋精氨酸的使用)。结果,可通过如手性起始物料、催化剂或溶剂,选择性地在另一个上制备一个旋光异构体,包括非对映体和对映体,或可同时制备两个立体异构体或两个旋光异构体,包括非对映体和对映体(外消旋混合物)。可用已知的方法如通过使用如手性盐和手性色谱分离,分离包括非对映体和对映体的旋光异构体或立体异构体的混合物。
如上所述,按照普通技术人员已知的方法制备了本化合物。但是,为了方便,作为通用方法,把左旋精氨酸和第二反应物(根据此处需要的最终化合物如甾醇、维生素等等选取)与惰性溶剂体系结和在一起,以促进两反应物的溶液化。把反应混合物加热到低于左旋精氨酸的分解温度的温度。加入碱性催化剂(如果必需,一起加入不反应的乳化剂)。保持反应在低度真空下进行,以除去反应中产生的所有水分。将溶剂回流回反应器。完成反应后,将反应混合物中和并除去多余的反应物。可将需要的化合物萃取出来并用硅胶(或其它色谱法)纯化。
本发明组合物和套盒的使用
此处所述的组合物可用于含有脂类和非脂类成分的组合物中以提供通常的健康益处,包括心血管益处,如降低消费者的胆甾醇、治疗、预防和/或抑制心脏病(如动脉粥样硬化、再狭窄、血栓症)并例如治疗如高血压、循环障碍以及与糖尿病有关的并发症的其它疾病。该组合物适用于许多产品,包括药物、食品和饮料产品。
此处优选的为本发明组合物在食品中的应用,包括预想用作饮食补充如健康条形食品(health bar)。在本发明优选的实施方案中,组合物是以健康条形食品的形式。
作为非限制性例子,该组合物可用于生产任何形式的烘焙食品,如调制食品、可稳定存放的烘焙食品(包括健康条形食品)和冷冻烘焙食品。应用包括、但不限于蛋糕、核仁巧克力饼、松饼、饼干棒、健康条形食品、威化饼干、脆饼、酥皮饼、馅饼、馅饼皮和曲奇,包括夹心曲奇和巧克力片曲奇,特别是在Hong等人的美国专利第4,455,333号中所述的可稳定存放的双重结构的曲奇。烘焙食品可含有水果、奶油或其它饼馅。使用的其它烘焙食品包括面包和面包卷、薄脆饼干、椒盐脆饼干、薄烤饼、华夫饼干、冰淇淋蛋卷和冰淇淋杯、发酵烘焙食品、比萨饼和比萨饼皮、烘焙含淀粉的快餐食品及其它烘焙盐腌的小吃。
如上所述,健康条形食品为本发明的特别优选的实施方案。如在Greenberg等人的美国专利第5,780,039号中所述,可将组合物加入健康条形食品中。上述本发明组合物的剂量可被包括在本发明的健康条形食品的优点中。
除了用在烘焙食品中以外,此处的组合物可单独地或与脂类组合,用于生产起酥油和油脂食品。脂类可为合成的或来自于动物或植物来源或这些来源的组合。起酥油和油脂食品包括、但不限于起酥油、人造黄油、涂抹食品、黄油、猪油、食油和煎油、色拉油、爆玉米油、色拉调料、蛋黄酱及其它食用油食品。在本发明的特别的实施方案中,组合物选自于人造黄油、黄油、调料和涂抹食品。
本发明的组合物的其它使用包括部分或全部替代花生酱、冷冻甜食如冰淇淋和冰淇淋皮、掼打的食品表层调味料、糖霜食品、加工肉制品包括植物蛋白质基的类肉食品、调味汁、肉汁、乳制品如奶昔、奶制品、咖啡增白剂和干酪食品中的脂和/或油。
此处所述的化合物还可特别地用于饮料组合物中。这些饮料组合物可为“近水”饮料(淡味水)、奶、咖啡、茶、可乐、强化饮料(如钙强化饮料)和果汁。
本发明的优选的饮料组合物为含有选自于水、果汁、茶固体、奶固体、果味风味料、植物风味料及其混合物的饮料成分的饮料。此处的饮料组合物最优选地为稀汁饮料(特别是果汁饮料)、含有茶固体的饮料以及含有果汁和茶固体的饮料食品。特别优选的饮料食品既含果汁又含水。其它特别优选的饮料食品既含茶固体又含水。在另一优选的实施方案中,使用“近水”(淡味水)饮料。
本发明的组合物和套盒中可引入各种非必需的成分。非必需成分的非限制性实施例如下:水
水可以包括于本发明的组合物中,尤其是当该组合物是饮料组合物。本文中,术语″水″包括组合物中存在的全部量的水。″水″包括来自于风味剂、糖浆和其它来源例如树胶溶液的水。还包括例如钙和其它固体的水合的水。当包含水时,水的含量优选为产品重量的约0.1%-约99.999%,更优选约5%-约99%,更优选约40%-约95%,更优选约50%-约90%,首选约70%-约90%。饮料乳液
本发明的稀果汁饮料组合物中可以选择性地、但优选地含有约0.2%-约5%、优选约0.5%-约3%并且首选约0.8%-约2%的饮料乳液。此饮料乳液可以是混浊用乳液或风味乳液。
对混浊用乳液来说,混浊剂中可以含有一种或多种呈水包油乳液形式的使用适宜的食品级乳化剂稳定的脂肪或油。任何各种脂肪或油都可以用作混浊剂,前提条件是脂肪或油是适合在食品和/或饮料中使用的。优选,经过精制、脱色和脱臭以便除去异味的脂肪和油。特别适合用作混浊剂的是感官上中性的脂肪。包括得自以下来源的脂肪:植物脂肪,如大豆、玉米、红花、向日葵、棉籽、低芥酸菜籽和菜籽;坚果脂肪,如椰子、棕榈和棕榈仁;以及合成脂肪。例如参见,Kupper等,US专利4,705,691(1987.11.10授权),描述适宜的脂肪或油混浊剂。
可以使用任何适宜的食品级乳化剂,以便以水包油的形式稳定脂肪或油混浊剂。适宜的乳化剂包括金合欢树胶、改性的食品淀粉(例如,链烯基琥珀酸酯改性的食品淀粉)、得自纤维素的阴离子聚合物(例如,羧甲基纤维素)、印度树胶、改性印度树胶、黄原胶、黄蓍胶、瓜尔豆胶、角豆荚胶、果胶及其混合物。例如参见,
Kupper等,US专利4,705,691(1987.11.10授权)。被处理从而含有疏水以及亲水基团的改性淀粉,如
Caldwell等在US专利2,661,349中所述的改性淀粉,是本发明优选使用的乳化剂。辛烯基琥珀酸酯(OCS)改性淀粉如
Marotta等在US专利3,455,838和
Barndt等在US专利4,460,617中所述的改性淀粉是特别优选的乳化剂。
可以将混浊剂与增重剂联合,以提供饮料用不透明剂,此不透明剂可以赋予饮料全部或部分不透明的效果,同时不会析出且上升到顶部。此饮料用不透明剂提供给消费者含果汁饮料的外观。饮料用不透明剂中可以使用任何适宜的增重用油。典型的增重用油包括溴化植物油、木松香的甘油酯(酯胶)、蔗糖乙酸异丁酸酯(SAIB)和其它蔗糖酯、达玛树胶、松香、榄香胶或本领域技术人员已知的其它物质。其它适宜的增重剂包括不易消化的溴化液体多元醇多酯。例如参见,
Brand等US专利4,705,690(1987.11.10授权)。
混浊/不透明剂乳液通过将混浊剂与增重剂(用于不透明剂乳液)、乳化剂和水混合而制备。此乳液中通常来说含有约0.1%-约25%混浊剂、约1%-约20%增重用油剂(当是不透明剂乳液的情形)、约1%-约30%乳化剂和约25%-约97.9%水(或足量)。
乳液中的水不溶性组分的颗粒粒度通过使用本领域已知的适宜装置来降低。由于乳化剂在悬浮液中把持油的能力与颗粒粒度成正比,因而直径为约0.1-约3.0微米的颗粒的乳液是适宜的。优选,颗粒的直径为约2.0微米或更小。首选是其中基本上所有的颗粒的直径均为1.0微米或更小的乳液。颗粒粒度通过让混合物经过均质机、胶体磨或涡轮式搅拌器来降低。通常经过一次或两次处理便足够了。例如参见,
Kupper等US专利4,705,691(1987.11.10授权)。
可用于本发明饮料制品中的风味乳液含有一种或多种适宜的风味油、提取物、油树脂、精油等本领域已知在饮料中用作风味剂的物质。此组分中还可以含有风味浓缩物,如将天然产物如水果浓缩获得。无萜柑橘油和精油也可以使用。适宜的风味物质的实例包括,例如,水果风味物质,如橙、柠檬、莱母酸橙等等;可乐风味物质;茶风味物质;咖啡风味物质;巧克力风味物质;乳品风味物质。这些风味物质可以得自天然来源,如精油和提取物,或者可以合成制备。风味乳液中通常来说含有各种风味物质的共混物并且可以以乳液、醇提取物或喷雾干燥的形式使用。风味乳液中还可以含有混浊剂,同时含有或不含增重剂,如前所述。例如参见,
Kupper等US专利4,705,691(1987.11.10授权)
风味乳液通常来说按与混浊/不透明剂乳液相同的方式通过将一种或多种增味油(约0.001%-约20%)与乳化剂(约1%-约30%)和水混合来制备。(油混浊剂也可以存在)。直径为约0.1-约3.0微米的颗粒的乳液是适宜的。优选,颗粒的直径为约2.0微米或更小。首选,颗粒的直径为约1.0微米或更小。乳化剂包敷特定化的风味油,有助于防止聚结和保持适度分散。调节风味乳液的粘度和比重,以便与最终的饮料相适应。例如参见,
Kupper等,US专利4,705,691(1987.11.10授权)风味剂
本发明的组合物中可以选择性地、但优选地含有一种或多种风味剂。优选所说的风味剂包含于饮料组合物中并通常选自果汁、茶固形物、奶固形物、水果风味物质、植物风味物质及其混合物。当含有果汁时,本发明的饮料中可以含有约0.1%-约40%、优选约1%-约20%、更优选约2%-约10%并且首选约3%-约6%的果汁。(按照本文的量度,果汁的重量百分比是基于一倍浓度的2°-16°白利糖度的果汁计)。可以将果汁以果泥、带肉果汁的形式或以一倍浓度果汁或浓缩果汁的形式掺加到饮料中。尤其优选的是以固形物含量(主要以糖固形物计)为约20°-约80°白利糖度的浓缩物的形式掺加果汁。
果汁可以是已知可用于稀果汁饮料的任何柑桔类果汁、非柑桔类果汁或其混合物。果汁可以得自,例如,苹果、蔓越桔、梨、桃、李子、杏、油桃、葡萄、樱桃、穗醋栗、悬钩子、鹅莓、接骨木、欧洲黑莓、乌饭树紫黑浆果、草莓、柠檬、莱母酸橙、桔、橙、葡萄柚、cupuacu、马铃薯、番茄、莴苣、芹菜、菠菜、卷心菜、水田芥、蒲公英、大黄、胡萝卜、甜菜、黄瓜、菠萝、椰子、石榴、猕猴桃、芒果、木瓜、香蕉、西瓜、西番莲果、红桔和糙皮甜瓜。优选的果汁得自苹果、梨、柠檬、莱母酸橙、桔、葡萄柚、蔓越桔、橙、草莓、红桔、葡萄、猕猴桃、菠萝、西番莲果、芒果、番石榴、悬钩子和樱桃。柑桔类果汁、优选葡萄柚、橙、柠檬、莱母酸橙和桔的果汁,以及得自芒果、苹果、西番莲果和番石榴的果汁以及这些果汁的混合物是首选的。
也可以使用水果风味物质。如上关于风味乳液的描述,水果风味物质可以得自天然来源,如精油和提取物,或者可以合成制备。水果风味物质可以通过加工而从水果中获得,特别是通过浓缩。其中将果汁浓缩或者蒸发,被除去的水或冷凝液中含有挥发性物质,这些挥发性物质中含有水果的风味物质。经常是,将这种风味物质添加到果汁浓缩物中,以增强其风味。冷凝液还可以用于给″淡味水″(微加味的水)增味。
也可以使用植物风味物质。本文所用的术语″植物风味物质″指得自植物的除水果以外部分的风味物质;即,得自果核、树皮、根和/或叶。术语″植物风味物质″还包括合成制备的以模仿得自天然来源的植物风味物质的风味物质。植物风味物质可以得自天然来源,如精油和提取物,或者可以合成制备。适宜的植物风味物质包括牙买加烤烟、可乐果、金盏花、菊花、春黄菊、姜、缬草、育亨宾树皮、啤酒花、圣草、人参、欧洲越桔、稻、红酒(red wine)、芒果、牡丹、柠檬香膏、五倍子、栎木片、熏衣草、核桃、龙胆根、罗汉果、肉桂、当归、芦荟、龙牙草、西洋蓍草及其混合物。
可以使用丹宁酸或类似的酸来给饮料提供涩味。使用约0.001%-约10%丹宁酸。也可以使用其它风味增强剂以及风味剂如巧克力和香草。
当含有茶固形物时,本发明的饮料中可以含有饮料制品重量约0.01%-约1.2%、优选约0.05%-约0.8%的茶固形物。本文所用的术语″茶固形物″指从茶料中提取的固体,所说的茶料包括得自山茶属例如包括大叶茶和C.assaimica的物料、新采摘的茶叶、采摘后立即干燥的新绿茶叶、干燥前经过热处理以便使存在的任何酶失活的新绿茶叶、未发酵的茶、速溶绿茶和部分发酵的茶叶。绿色茶料是茶叶、茶植物梗和相关的其它植物物料和未经实质发酵形成红茶的物料。也可以使用叶睛珠属(Phyllanthus)、棕儿茶(Catechu gambir)和钩藤科茶植物的品种。可以使用未发酵和部分发酵的茶的混合物。
用于本发明饮料的茶固形物可以通过已知和常规的茶固形物提取方法来获得。一个特别优选的绿茶固形物的来源可以通过
Ekanayake等US申请流水号08/606,907(1996.2.16申请)中所述的方法获得。如此获得的茶固形物中通常含有咖啡因、可可碱、蛋白质、氨基酸、矿物质和碳水化合物。可以按照
Tsai等在US专利4,946,701(1990.8.7授权)配制适宜的含茶固形物的饮料。还参见
Ekanayake等US专利5,427,806(1995.6.26授权),作为本发明所用的绿茶固体的适宜来源。
本发明的饮料中还可以含有奶固形物。这些奶固形物可以得自各种来源,包括全脂奶、脱脂奶、炼乳和干燥奶粉。本文所用的术语″奶″用于描述奶固形物的含水分散液,如流体(全脂或脱脂奶)或用水稀释的脱脂奶粉或炼乳。奶的含量通常来说为约5%-约99.8%,优选约5%-约75%,更优选约5%-约40%,并且首选约5%-约15%。同这些奶固形物的量相应的非脂奶固形物的量分别是饮料的约0.5%-约8.2%、约0.5%-约6.2%、约0.5%-约3.3%和约0.5%-1.2%。增稠剂和增量剂
本发明的食品和饮料组合物还可以含有一种或多种增稠剂或增量剂,包括黄原胶、羧甲基纤维素、羧乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、甲基纤维素、微晶纤维素、淀粉、糊精、发酵乳清、豆腐、麦芽糊精、多元醇,包括糖醇(如山梨糖醇和麦芽糖醇)、碳水化合物(如乳糖)、藻酸丙二醇酯、洁冷胶、瓜尔豆胶、果胶、黄蓍胶、金合欢树胶、角豆荚胶、阿拉伯树胶、明胶以及这些增稠剂的混合物。这些增稠剂和增量剂在本发明组合物中的含量通常来说最多为约0.1%,取决于所涉及的特定增稠剂和所需的粘度效果。甜味剂
本发明的食品和饮料组合物中可以,并且通常来说将,含有有效量的一种或多种甜味剂,包括碳水化合物型甜味剂和天然和/或人造无/低热量甜味剂。甜味剂在本发明组合物中的使用量通常来说取决于所用的特定甜味剂和所需的甜度。对无/低热量甜味剂来说,用量根据具体甜味剂的甜度而定。
本发明的组合物可以用任何碳水化合物型甜味剂增甜,优选用单糖和/或双糖。增甜后的组合物尤其是饮料中通常含有约0.1%-约20%、首选约6-约14%的甜味剂。这些甜味剂可以是以固体或液体的形式掺加到组合物中,但通常来说并且优选是以糖浆的形式掺加,首选以浓缩糖浆的形式,如高果糖玉米糖浆。为制备本发明的饮料,这些糖型甜味剂可以由饮料的其它组分来提供达到一些程度,例如,果汁组分和/或风味物质。
用于本发明组合物的优选的糖型甜味剂是蔗糖、果糖、葡萄糖及其混合物。果糖可以是以液体果糖、高果糖玉米糖浆、干果糖或果糖糖浆的形式获得或提供,但优选以高果糖玉米糖浆的形式提供。高果糖玉米糖浆(HFCS)的商购产品有HFCS-42、HFCS-55和HFCS-90,其分别含有重量计42%、55%和90%的果糖形式的糖固体。其它天然存在的甜味剂或其纯化提取物,如甘草甜素、蛋白质型甜味剂非洲竹芋甜素、罗汉果果汁,例如,
Fischer等在US专利5,433,965(1995.7.18授权)中公开的等等,也可以用于本发明的组合物中。
适宜的无/低热量甜味剂包括糖精、环己基氨基磺酸盐、L-天冬氨酰-L-苯丙氨酸低级烷基酯甜味剂(例如,阿斯巴甜);
Brennan等在US专利4,411,925中公开的L-天冬氨酰-D-丙氨酸酰胺;
Brennan等在US专利4,399,163中公开的L-天冬氨酰-D-丝氨酸酰胺;
Brand在US专利4,338,346中公开的L-天冬氨酰-L-1-羟基甲基链烷酰胺甜味剂;
Rizzi在US专利4,423,029中公开的L-天冬氨酰-1-羟基乙基链烷酰胺甜味剂;
Janusz在EP专利申请168,112(1986.1.15公开)中公开的L-天冬氨酰-D-苯基甘氨酸酯和酰胺甜味剂;
Gerlat等在WO 99/30576(转让于TheNutrasweet Co.,1999.1.24公开)中公开的N-[N-3,3-二甲基丁基]-L-α-天冬氨酰]-L-苯丙氨酸1-甲基酯甜味剂;alltame;沙马汀;二氢查耳酮;环己基氨基磺酸盐;卡哈苡苷;甘草甜;合成烷氧基芳烃,如Dulcin和P-4000;三氯半乳蔗糖;suosan;神秘果素;莫那灵;山梨糖醇、木糖醇;非洲竹芋甜素;环己基氨基磺酸盐;取代的咪唑啉;合成的氨基磺酸,如乙酰氨基磺酸,乙酰氨基磺酸-K和N-取代的氨基磺酸;肟,如紫苏亭;rebaudioside-A和肽,如丙二酸天冬氨酰酯和succanilic酸;二肽;氨基酸基甜味剂,如偕二氨基烷烃,间氨基苯甲酸、L-氨基二羧酸烷烃、和某些α-氨基二羧酸的酰胺和偕二胺;和3-羟基-4-烷氧基苯基脂族羧酸盐(酯)和杂环芳族羧酸盐(酯);等等及其混合物。特别优选的低热量甜味剂是阿斯巴甜。着色剂
本发明的组合物中可以使用少量的着色剂。优选使用FD&C染料(例如,#5黄色,#2蓝色,#40红色)和/或FD&C色淀。通过将色淀添加到其它粉状配料中,所有颗粒、特别是带色的铁化合物,都被完全和均匀地着色,并且获得均匀着色的组合物。可用于本发明的优选的色淀染料是FDA批准的色淀,如色淀#40红色、#6黄色、#1蓝色等等。另外,可以将FD&C染料或FD&C色淀染料与其它常规食品和食品着色剂联合使用。也可以使用核黄素和β-胡萝卜素。着色剂的确切使用量将取决于所用的着色剂和最终产品所需的强度而定。本领域技术人员容易确定此用量。通常来说,如果使用的话,着色剂的存在量应当是组合物重量的约0.0001%-约0.5%,优选约0.001%-约0.1%,并且首选约0.004%-约0.1%。营养物
本发明的组合物(尤其是食品和饮料组合物)可以用一种或多种营养物、尤其是一种或多种维生素、矿物质和/或氨基酸来强化。推荐每日膳食允许量标准-国家科学学会-国家研究委员会食品和营养部(Food andNutrition Board,National Academy of Sciences-National ResearchCouncil)中定义和列出了关于维生素和矿物质的美国推荐每日摄入量标准(USRDI)。
这里可以采用任何氨基酸,尤其是天然出现的氨基酸。包含于此的优选的氨基酸为L-赖氨酸和L-肉碱,尤其是L-赖氨酸。
除非本文中有另外的说明,当产品中存在有规定的矿物质时,则产品中含有至少约1%、优选至少约5%、更优选约10%-约200%、更优选约40%-约150%并且首选约60%-约125%USRDI的这种矿物质。除非本文中有另外的说明,当产品中存在有规定的维生素时,则产品中含有至少约1%、优选至少约5%、更优选约10%-约200%、更优选约20%-约150%并且首选约25%-约120%USRDI的这种维生素。
这种维生素和矿物质的非限定实例包括铁、锌、铜、钙、磷、烟酸、硫胺素、叶酸、泛酸、碘、维生素A、维生素C、维生素B2、维生素B3、维生素B6、维生素B12、维生素D、维生素E和维生素K。优选,当使用维生素或矿物质时,维生素或矿物质选自铁、锌、钙、烟酸、硫胺素、叶酸、碘、维生素A、维生素C、维生素B6、维生素B12、维生素D、和维生素E。这里尤其优选的矿物质为钙。
本组合物中也可以含有可商购获得的维生素A源。维生素A可以是以,例如,维生素A棕榈酸酯(视黄醇棕榈酸酯)和/或以β-胡萝卜素的形式提供。维生素A可以是,例如,油、珠状(beadlets)或包胶的形式。本文所用的″维生素A″包括(但不限于)维生素A、β-胡萝卜素、视黄醇棕榈酸酯和视黄醇乙酸酯。当本发明的产品中存在有维生素A时,则产品中含有至少约1%、优选至少约5%、更优选约10%-约200%、更优选约15%-约150%并且首选约20%-约120%USRDI的这种维生素。当本发明的产品中存在有维生素A时,尤其优选含有约25%USRDI的维生素A。维生素A的欲添加量取决于加工条件和经储藏后所需的维生素A的输送量。优选,当本发明的组合物中含有维生素A时,产品中含有组合物重量约0.0001%-约0.2%、更优选约0.0002%-约0.12%、还优选约0.0003%-约0.1%、更优选约0.0005%-约0.08%并且首选约0.001%-约0.06%的维生素A。
本组合物中也可以使用维生素B2(也称为核黄素)的可商购获得的源。当本发明的组合物中存在有维生素B2时,产品中含有至少约1%、优选至少约5%、更优选约5%-约200%、更优选约10%-约150%并且首选约10%-约120%USRDI的这种维生素。当本发明的组合物中存在有维生素B2时,尤其优选含有约15%-约35%USRDI的维生素B2。
本发明中可以使用维生素C的可商购获得的源。也可以使用包胶的抗坏血酸和抗坏血酸的食用盐。当本发明的产品中存在有维生素C时,产品中含有至少约1%、优选至少约5%、更优选约10%-约200%、更优选约20%-约150%、并且首选约25%-约120%USRDI的这种维生素。当本发明的组合物中存在有维生素C时,尤其优选含有约100%USRDI的维生素C。维生素C的欲添加量取决于加工条件和经储藏后所需的维生素C的输送量。优选,当本组合物中含有维生素C时,组合物中含有组合物重量约0.005%-约0.2%、更优选约0.01%-约0.12%、还优选约0.02%-约0.1%、更优选约0.02%-约0.08%、并且首选约0.03%-约0.06%的维生素C。
本发明中可以使用碘的市售源,优选包胶形式的碘。碘的其它来源包括含碘盐,例如,碘化钠、碘化钾、碘酸钾、碘酸钠或其混合物。这些盐可以是包胶形式的。
可以掺加到本发明中的营养增补量的其它维生素包括(但不限于)维生素B6和B12、叶酸、烟酸、泛酸、叶酸、维生素D和维生素E。当组合物中含有这些维生素中的一种时,产品优选含有至少5%、优选至少25%并且首选至少35%USRDI的这种维生素。
本发明组合物中可以非必须包含的矿物质是,例如,镁、锌、碘、铁和铜。可以使用适合包含在食用产品中的这些矿物质的任何可溶性盐,例如,柠檬酸镁、葡萄糖酸镁、硫酸镁、氯化锌、硫酸锌、碘化钾、硫酸铜、葡萄糖酸铜和柠檬酸铜。
钙为可用于本发明的特别优选的矿物。优选的钙的来源包括如氨基酸螯合钙、碳酸钙、氧化钙、氢氧化钙、硫酸钙、氯化钙、磷酸钙、磷酸氢钙、磷酸二氢钙、柠檬酸钙、苹果酸钙、caicium titrate、葡萄糖酸钙、calcium realate、酒石酸钙和乳酸钙,特别是柠檬酸-苹果酸钙。在如1997年9月23日授权Mehansho等人的美国专利第5,670,344号、1997年3月18日授权Diehl等人的美国专利第5,612,026号、1996年11月5日授权Andon等人的美国专利第5,571,441号、1995年12月12日授权Meyer等人的美国专利第5,474,793号、1995年11月21日授权Andon等人的美国专利第5,468,506号、1995年8月29日授权Burkes等人的美国专利第5,445,837号、1995年6月13日授权Dake等人的美国专利第5,424,082号、1995年6月6日授权Burkes等人的美国专利第5,422,128号、1995年3月28日授权Burkes等人的美国专利第5,401,524号、1995年2月14日授权Zuniga等人的美国专利第5,389,387号、1994年5月24日授权Jacobs的美国专利第5,314,919号、1993年8月3日授权Saltman等人的美国专利第5,232,709号、1993年7月6日授权Camden等人的美国专利第5,225,221号、1993年6月1日授权Fox等人的美国专利第5,215,769号、1993年2月16日授权Fox等人的美国专利第5,186,965号、1992年9月29日授权Saltman等人的美国专利第5,151,274号、1992年7月7日授权Kochanowski的美国专利第5,128,374号、1992年6月2日授权Mehansho等人的美国专利第5,118,513号、1992年4月28日授权Andon等人的美国专利第5,108,761号、1991年2月19日授权Mehansho等人的美国专利第4,994,283号、1988年11月22日授权Nakel等人的美国专利第4,786,510号和1988年4月12日授权Nakel等人的美国专利第4,737,375号中介绍了柠檬酸-苹果酸钙的形式。本发明优选的组合物含有组合物重量的约0.01%到约0.5%、更优选地约0.03%到约0.2%、甚至更优选地约0.05%到约0.15%、最优选地约0.1%到约0.15%的钙。
铁也可以用于本发明的组合物中。铁的可接受形式是本领域公知的。掺加到组合物中的铁化合物的量取决于最终产品所需的补充量和所针对的消费者而作广泛地改变。本发明的铁强化的组合物中通常含有约5%-约100%、优选约15%-约50%并且首选约20%-约40%USRDI的铁。
亚铁形式的铁比三价铁形式的铁更好被人体利用。可以在本发明的可摄食组合物中使用的高生物利用性亚铁盐是硫酸亚铁、富马酸亚铁、琥珀酸亚铁、葡萄糖酸亚铁、乳酸亚铁、酒石酸亚铁、柠檬酸亚铁、氨基酸亚铁螯合物以及这些亚铁盐的混合物。尽管亚铁形式的铁通常来说更具生物利用性,但某些三价铁盐也可以提供铁的高生物利用性源。可以在本发明的食品或饮料组合物中使用的高生物利用性三价铁盐是糖二酸铁、柠檬酸铁铵、柠檬酸铁、硫酸铁以及这些三价铁盐的混合物。可以在这些食用混合料和即饮饮料中使用高生物利用性亚铁盐和三价铁的组合或混合物。高生物利用性铁的优选来源是富马酸亚铁和氨基酸亚铁螯合物。
特别适合作为本发明所用之高生物利用性铁源的氨基酸亚铁螯合物是具有配位体/金属比为至少2∶1的化合物。例如,具有配位体与金属摩尔比为2的适宜的氨基酸亚铁螯合物具有下式:
Fe(L)2其中L是α-氨基酸、二肽、三肽或四肽配位体。由此,L可以是天然存在的α-氨基酸或者这些α-氨基酸通过任何组合而形成的二肽、三肽或四肽的任一种配位体,其中所说的α-氨基酸选自丙氨酸、精氨酸、天冬酰胺、天冬氨酸、半胱氨酸、胱氨酸、谷氨酰胺、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、组氨酸、羟基脯氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、鸟氨酸、苯丙氨酸、脯氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、酪氨酸和缬氨酸。例如参见,Ashmead等US专利4,863,898(1989.9.5授权);
Ashmead US专利4,830,716(1989.5.16授权)和
Ashmead US专利4,599,152(1986.7.8授权),所有这些专利均引入本文作为参考。特别优选的氨基酸亚铁螯合物是其中反应性配位体是甘氨酸、赖氨酸和亮氨酸的螯合物。首选以Ferrochel为商标出售的氨基酸亚铁螯合物(Albion Laboratories,盐湖城,犹他州),其中的配位体是甘氨酸。
除这些高生物利用性亚铁盐和三价铁盐外,生物利用性铁的其它来源也可以包含在本发明的食品和饮料组合物中。特别适合于强化本发明产品的铁的其它来源包括某些铁-糖-羧酸盐复合物。在这些铁-糖-羧酸盐复合物中,羧酸根为亚铁(优选的)或三价铁提供抗衡离子。这些铁-糖-羧酸盐复合物的全部合成过程包括在含水介质中形成钙-糖结构部分(例如,通过将氢氧化钙与糖反应),将铁源(如硫酸亚铁铵)与此钙-糖结构部分在含水介质中反应得到铁-糖结构部分,并且用羧酸(″羧酸根抗衡离子″)中和此反应体系,得到所需的铁-糖-羧酸盐复合物。可用于制备钙-糖结构部分的糖包括任何可食糖料及其混合物,如葡萄糖、蔗糖和果糖、甘露糖、半乳糖、乳糖、麦芽糖等等,更优选是蔗糖和果糖。提供″羧酸根抗衡离子″用的羧酸可以是任何可摄食的羧酸,如柠檬酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、乳酸、琥珀酸、丙酸等以及这些酸的混合物。
这些铁-糖-羧酸盐复合物可以按照以下文献中所述的方式制备,例如,
Nakel等US专利4,786,510知4,786,518(1988.11.22授权),这两篇引入本文作为参考。这些物质被称作″复合物″,但它们可以在溶液中以复杂的、高度水合的保护胶体的形式存在;使用术语″复合物″是为了简单起见。
本发明的组合物中还可以使用锌。锌的可接受形式是本领域公知的本发明的锌强化的产品中通常含有约5%-约100%、优选约15%-约50%并且首选约25%-约45%USRDI的锌。可以在本发明中使用的锌化合物可以是任何通用形式,例如,硫酸锌、氯化锌、乙酸锌、葡萄糖酸锌、抗坏血酸锌、柠檬酸锌、天冬氨酸锌、吡啶甲酸锌、氨基酸螯合的锌和氧化锌。葡萄糖酸锌和氨基酸螯合的锌是特别优选的。碳酸化组分
可以将二氧化碳引入水中,并且将其与饮料糖浆混合,或者引入经稀释后的稀饮料中,来达到碳酸化。碳酸化的饮料可以放入容器,如瓶或罐中,然后密封。可以使用任何常规的碳酸化方法来制作本发明的碳酸化饮料制品。引入饮料中的二氧化碳的量取决于所用的特定风味体系和所需的碳酸化程度。pH
本发明的组合物、特别是饮料组合物优选地pH值为约2到约8、更优选地为约2到约4.5、最优选地为约2.7到约4.2。可通过已知的常规方法如使用食品级酸缓冲剂,将饮料的酸度调节并保持在必需的范围内。通常地,在上述范围内的饮料的酸度为抑菌的最大酸度和需要的饮料味道的最优酸度间的平衡结果。食品组合物优选具有低于约8的pH。无热或低热脂类
该组合物可与无热或低热脂类如支链脂肪酸的甘油三酸酯、三甘油醚、多羧酸酯、蔗糖多酯、蔗糖多醚、新戊醇酯、硅油/硅氧烷和二羧酸酯(特别是组合物为食品组合物时)一起使用。适用于与脂类物质组合的其它部分脂类替代品为中链甘油三酸酯、高酯化的聚甘油酯、乙酸甘油酯、聚氧乙烯酯、霍霍巴酯、脂肪酸的一/二酸甘油酯和短链二元酸的一/二酸甘油酯。纤维成分
同样地,可将食品和饮料组合物制成将本发明组合物与膳食纤维组合以达到各自益处的综合。“膳食纤维”是指可抵抗哺乳动物的酶的消化的复合碳水化合物,如在植物细胞壁和海藻中找到的碳水化合物以及通过微生物发酵产生的碳水化合物。这些复合碳水化合物的例子有糠、纤维素、半纤维素、果胶、树胶和粘质、海藻精华和生物合成胶质。纤维素纤维的来源包括蔬菜、水果、种子、谷类和人造纤维(如通过细菌合成)。也可使用商业上出售的纤维如纯化植物纤维素或粉状纤维素。天然纤维包括来自于整柑橘皮、柑橘白内皮、糖用甜菜、柑橘果肉、囊泡固体、苹果、杏和西瓜皮的纤维。
这些膳食纤维可为天然或精制形式。使用的膳食纤维可为单一类型的(如纤维素)、复合膳食纤维(如含有纤维素和果胶的柑橘白内皮纤维)或纤维的一些组合(如纤维素和树胶)。可通过本领域已知的方法加工纤维。
主要由于本发明组合物,此处的食品和饮料可提供降低血清胆甾醇的作用,因而可减少心脏病的危险。此外,尽管存在有左旋精氨酸、其多肽、其盐和其前体,本发明组合物具有可接受的感官性质,特别是气味和质地。
可将食品用该组合物制成以满足特殊的膳食需要,如肥胖的、糖尿病的或高胆甾醇血的人的需要。本发明组合物可为低脂、低热、低胆甾醇食品的主要部分,或可以增补平常膳食,它们可以单独地使用它们或与药物疗法、营养疗法或其它疗法结合使用。基于一种或多种这些产品、含有单独的该组合物或与一种或多种上述成分组合的食品或饮料与该组合物的组合可用作整个食物疗法的一部分,提供一种或多种的上述益处。
以上有关组合物应用、组合益处的讨论不是限定性或穷举性的。可以找到落于本发明精神和范围内的其它类似应用和益处。
实施例
下列实施例说明了本发明组合物的使用。这些实施例为非限制性的说明,本领域的普通技术人员可根据本发现的益处对其作各种变更。
实施例1
制备了具有如下组成的无脂健康条形食品:
成分 | 重量% |
大豆蛋白分离物 | 28 |
果糖 | 25 |
高果糖玉米糖浆 | 23.5 |
葡萄干 | 6.8 |
左旋精氨酸的甾醇酯 | 10 |
OleanTM(蔗糖多酯,商业上来自Cincinnati,OH的宝洁公司) | 6 |
肉桂 | 0.5 |
盐 | 0.1 |
碳酸氢钠 | 0.1 |
把左旋精氨酸的甾醇酯和OleanTM在与剩余的干成分混和并形成条前预混和。可用其它水果干如越桔干、杏干等等代替葡萄干。作为正常饮食的补充,在12周的周期内每天摄取一次健康条形食品。经过这12周的周期表明了健康条形食品降低了血清胆甾醇含量。
实施例2
制备了具有如下组成的运动能量凝胶:
所有组分结合在一起并且进行巴氏消毒。
成分 | 重量% |
麦芽糖糊精 | 54 |
水 | 20 |
果糖 | 12 |
左旋精氨酸的甾醇酯 | 10 |
柠檬酸 | 3 |
维生素C | 0.5 |
维生素A | 0.1 |
人造风味料 | 0.2 |
苯甲酸钠 | 0.1 |
山梨酸钾 | 0.1 |
实施例3
制备了具有如下组成的适用作膳食补充或正餐替代品的健康奶昔:
*维生素A、C、D、E、维生素B(B1、B2、B6、B12、叶酸和烟酸)与铁和锌的矿物质
成分 | 重量% |
脱脂牛奶 | 52.5 |
左旋精氨酸的维生素E酯 | 10 |
水 | 18.5 |
糖 | 5 |
果糖 | 5 |
可可粉 | 3 |
阿拉伯树胶 | 2 |
纤维素凝胶 | 2 |
低芥酸菜籽油 | 1 |
磷酸钾 | 0.3 |
葡萄糖 | 0.3 |
卵磷脂 | 0.1 |
一和二酸甘油酯 | 0.1 |
角叉菜胶 | 0.1 |
维生素和矿物质混合物 | 0.1 |
可把制成的组合物装罐或经5秒钟加热到135-150℃的超高温(UHT)巴氏灭菌,然后无菌地包装,以提供即食的饮料。
实施例4
通过Mehansho等人的美国专利第5,888,563和5,707,670号介绍的方法制备了具有如下组成的粉状巧克力饮品。如介绍将左旋精氨酸的二取代甘油酯与卵磷脂共混,以减少与左旋精氨酸有关的令人讨厌的味道。
*维生素A、C、D、E、维生素B(B1、B2、B6、B12、叶酸和烟酸)与铁和锌的矿物质
成分 | 重量% |
糖 | 55.5 |
左旋精氨酸的二取代甘油酯 | 11.2 |
脱脂奶粉 | 15 |
氯化钠 | 0.43 |
可可粉(14%的脂肪) | 16.4 |
色素 | 0.07 |
丁基化羟基甲苯(BHT) | 0.1 |
维生素/矿物质混合物* | 0.55 |
富马酸亚铁 | 0.06 |
人造巧克力风味料 | 0.3 |
卵磷脂 | 0.35 |
稳定剂(胆甾醇) | 0.04 |
Claims (10)
2.权利要求1的化合物,其中R为选自于1,2-二烷基甘油和1,2-二烯基甘油的取代甘油;其中n为1。
3.权利要求1的组合物,其中R为维生素。
4.权利要求3的化合物,其中R为选自于维生素A、维生素D和维生素E的维生素。
5.权利要求1的化合物,其中R为选自于C10-C28烷基和C10-C28烯基的基团。
6.组合物,特征为:
(a)上述权利要求中任何一项的化合物:和
(b)选自于维生素和矿物质的至少一种营养成分。
7.上述权利要求中任何一项的组合物,其为饮料组合物;其中当饮料组合物由含水液体组成时具有小于约5的pH值。
8.上述权利要求中任何一项的组合物,其为食品组合物;其中食品组合物还含有选自于脂肪、功能性脂肪和多元醇脂肪酸多酯的成分。
9.套盒,以上述权利要求中任何一项的组合物和信息为特征,该套盒可提供选自于心血管益处和感官益处的一种或多种益处。
10.治疗心血管疾病的方法,包括口服权利要求1、2、3、4或5中任何一项的化合物。
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US5670344A (en) | 1996-02-02 | 1997-09-23 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Preventing undesired color formation in iron fortified chocolate-flavored beverages by including edible acids or their salts |
US6063428A (en) | 1996-02-26 | 2000-05-16 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Green tea extract subjected to cation exchange treatment and nanofiltration to improve clarity and color |
JP4020989B2 (ja) * | 1996-03-06 | 2007-12-12 | 株式会社ノエビア | 血流促進剤及びこれを配合して成る皮膚外用剤 |
WO1997042830A1 (en) | 1996-05-10 | 1997-11-20 | Unilever N.V. | Liquid fatty component containing composition |
AU3442497A (en) | 1996-07-05 | 1998-02-02 | Unilever Plc | Method of manufacturing an ester mixture |
FI107015B (fi) | 1996-08-09 | 2001-05-31 | Raisio Benecol Oy | Kasvistanolirasvahappoestereiden seos ja sen käyttö sekä elintarvike |
FI120290B (fi) | 1996-12-30 | 2009-09-15 | Mirador Res Oy Ltd | Menetelmä, jonka avulla voidaan valmistaa sellaisia mausteseos-, ruoan ainesosa- ja elintarvikekoostumuksia, jotka alentavat seerumin kolesterolia |
AU9209898A (en) * | 1997-09-02 | 1999-03-22 | Ricex Company, Inc., The | A method for treating hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerosis |
FI974648A (fi) * | 1997-09-09 | 1999-05-06 | Raisio Benecol Oy | Hydroksihappo-, maitohappo- ja hydroksialkanoaattiesterit ja niiden käyttö |
CA2217088A1 (en) * | 1997-09-30 | 1999-03-30 | Universite De Sherbrooke | New mandevilla velutina derivatives as steady-state r-type ca2+ channel blockers, method of making and use thereof |
DE19750422C1 (de) | 1997-11-14 | 1998-11-26 | Henkel Kgaa | Verwendung von ausgewählten Phytostenolestern zur Herstellung von hypocholesterinämischen Mitteln |
AR014129A1 (es) | 1997-12-17 | 2001-02-07 | Nutrasweet Co | Bebida que comprende fundamentalmente un ester n-[n-(3,3-dimetilbutil)-l- alfa-aspartil]-l-fenilamina 1 - metilico, bebida sin alcohol carbonatada,bebida de jugo, bebida envasada caliente y bebida deportiva de bajas calorias. |
JPH11193264A (ja) | 1997-12-26 | 1999-07-21 | Kureha Chem Ind Co Ltd | 新規アミノ酸誘導体 |
WO1999033787A1 (fr) * | 1997-12-26 | 1999-07-08 | Kureha Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | Derives d'acides amines |
DE19800812C2 (de) * | 1998-01-12 | 2000-05-11 | Juergen C Froelich | Verbesserte orale Darreichungsformen von L-Arginin-HCl |
JP2000128725A (ja) * | 1998-10-19 | 2000-05-09 | Shiseido Co Ltd | 皮膚外用剤 |
-
2001
- 2001-01-25 CN CN01804292A patent/CN1396908A/zh active Pending
- 2001-01-25 JP JP2001555040A patent/JP2003520846A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-01-25 BR BR0107933-6A patent/BR0107933A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-01-25 US US10/181,655 patent/US6794375B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-01-25 AU AU2001234549A patent/AU2001234549A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-01-25 MX MXPA02007248A patent/MXPA02007248A/es unknown
- 2001-01-25 CA CA002395447A patent/CA2395447A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-01-25 EP EP01906664A patent/EP1252137A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-01-25 WO PCT/US2001/002384 patent/WO2001055098A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
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BR0107933A (pt) | 2004-01-06 |
WO2001055098A1 (en) | 2001-08-02 |
US20030113361A1 (en) | 2003-06-19 |
AU2001234549A1 (en) | 2001-08-07 |
MXPA02007248A (es) | 2002-12-09 |
JP2003520846A (ja) | 2003-07-08 |
EP1252137A1 (en) | 2002-10-30 |
CA2395447A1 (en) | 2001-08-02 |
US6794375B2 (en) | 2004-09-21 |
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