CN1358297A - Active matrix display apparatus and method for driving the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A driving method of an active matrix type display device in which one frame is formed by a plurality of sub-frames composed of a writing period and a holding period, and the cumulative effect of the above-mentioned holding period is used for gradation display. During the holding period of each subframe, according to a predetermined order, random scanning is performed on the remaining scanning lines other than the predetermined one scanning line, so that the same scanning line is not written into the same subframe, as far as the entire 1 frame period is concerned, In each scanning line, it is actually possible to ensure the write-in and hold period of each of the plurality of sub-frames to perform hierarchical display driving. Therefore, the frame period can be shortened.

Description

Active matrix type display and driving method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to the display device of active matrix mode, particularly relate to the display device and the driving method thereof that use liquid crystal, organic EL (electroluminescence), in detail, relate to combination, display device that shows at many levels and driving method thereof by diadic during the time-weighted subframe or many-valued voltage level.

Background technology

Require littler consumed power by the battery-driven small-sized display device of using in the machine of carrying.As the representative of the display device that satisfies such requirement, known have liquid crystal and an EL (electroluminescence).In in the display device of the active matrix mode of using these display elements, typically with the display device of three end thin film transistor (TFT)s (TFT) as on-off element, be according to aanalogvoltage or electric current in general, the brightness of control pixel is carried out level and is shown.For example, under the situation of liquid crystal by applying aanalogvoltage under the situation at organic EL by flowing through analog current, change the brightness of display element, carry out level and show.

The structure of existing active matrix liquid crystal panel has been shown among Figure 10, its level display packing has been described.The 101st, the liquid crystal panel of active matrix mode, by signal wire S1～Sn, and the sweep trace G1～Gm of its quadrature and near be positioned at its intersection point on-off element constitute.Si is a signal wire, and Gj is a sweep trace, the 102nd, be positioned near the on-off element of these intersection points, and in the case, generally be the example of three end thin film transistor (TFT)s (TFT).103 expression liquid crystal cells form opposite electrode Vcom in a side relative with transistor 102.The 104th, memory capacitance is used for the capacitive component of auxiliary liquid crystal cell 103, prevents deterioration in image quality.The electrode of its opposite side is public as other Vst mostly.The intersection point 105 of these transistor one sides is equivalent to pixel electrode.

Working condition is described simply, and in a single day sweep trace Gj reaches noble potential in 1 image duration, just makes transistor 102 conductings, makes pixel electrode 105, makes 104 couples of opposite electrode Vcom of liquid crystal capacitance 103 and memory capacitance be charged to the current potential of signal wire Si at this moment in other words.After this sweep trace Gj becomes electronegative potential, and transistor 102 is nonconducting state, and the current potential of this charging was kept for 1 image duration.In addition, use the AC driving liquid crystal usually, but the common electrode Vst of opposite electrode Vcom and memory capacitance is applied the synchronous anti-phase pulse type waveform with signal wire Si, generally can reduce the amplitude of signal wire Si.The 106th, the shift register and the latch of signal one side utilize from the clock signal C KH and the enabling signal STH of outside input, successively to sample video, carry out serial-to-parallel conversion.The example of digital video signal has been shown among Figure 10, and the vision signal of multidigit is transformed into simulating signal by D/A translation circuit 107, is undertaken being added on signal wire S1～Sn after electric current amplifies by operational amplifier 108.Scan-side is made of shift register 109 and output buffer 110, and above-mentioned shift register 109 utilizes clock signal CKV and the enabling signal STV that applies from the outside, scans from top to bottom successively, with pulse waveform driven sweep line G1～Gm.

The oscillogram of each several part has been shown among Figure 11.HD represents horizontal-drive signal, and its cycle is horizontal scan period H, equals the cycle of above-mentioned STH and CKV.Their phase place is along with panel characteristics etc. and some variations take place.Input signal is a digital video signal, and data changed according to the CKH cycle.FF1, FF2, FF3 represent the sampling pulse of data side shift register.For example, under 4, the situation of 16 levels,, get " 7 " during FF2, get " F " during FF3, and latch if, then when FF1, get " 0 " with 16 system representation of data.If constantly it is carried out the D/A conversion at latch pulse, then change the pulse height of relative current potential Vcom, show level with it.If carry out anti-phasely relatively, when then carrying out the AC driving of liquid crystal, generally can make the voltage amplitude of signal wire be about 1/2.In addition, the capacitive coupling of carrying out that has drives, promptly, memory capacitance among Figure 10 104 and prime grid is (though not shown, but for Gj-1) overlap to form, apply pulse voltage from the gate electrode side of prime, relative voltage is kept certain, carry out anti-phasely relatively, the voltage amplitude of signal wire can be reduced about 1/2 (spy opens flat 3-35218 communique) equally.Perhaps memory capacitance 104 is not overlapped on the prime grid, independently pulse voltage is added on the memory capacitance, drive in such capacitive coupling under the situation of (the special flat 11-255228 of hope), can obtain same effect yet with grid.

The selecting sequence of sweep trace has been shown among Figure 12.Transverse axis express time, the longitudinal axis represent to select row.The minimum scale of time shaft is horizontal scan period H, shows that line number is 16.As shown in figure 12, selecting sequence be 0 → 1 → 2 → ... → 15, scan successively.Therefore, finish 1 image duration during 16H, begins writing of 1 frame down.In fact, in image duration, except the row select time, also be provided with vertical blanking period, but in Figure 12, omitted.In addition, horizontal scan period H equals the cycle of the HD among Figure 11, and simulating signal is written in the pixel in this time.

Secondly, figure 13 illustrates the structure of existing active matrix organic EL panel.Be marked with identical symbol with the identical person of situation function of liquid crystal panel among Figure 10.The 401st, the organic EL panel of active matrix mode, by signal wire S1～Sn, and the sweep trace G1～Gm of its quadrature and near be positioned at its intersection point on-off element constitute.Si is a signal wire, and Gj is a sweep trace, and 402 and 403 is to be positioned near first and second on-off element of these intersection points, represents three end thin film transistor (TFT)s (TFT).The 404th, auxiliary capacitor, its effect is the voltage that keeps being added in by the first transistor 402 the signal wire Si on the grid of transistor seconds 403.Pixel electrode is represented in 405 position, is connected on the supply lines Vs by transistor seconds 403.The 406th, organic EL forms between pixel electrode 405 and opposite electrode Vcom, and it is luminous to utilize the electric current that flows through between opposite electrode Vcom and the supply lines Vs, and by controlling this electric current, carries out level and shows.The situation of the liquid crystal among the work of horizontal drive circuit and vertical drive circuit and Fig. 1 is identical, Gj scans successively to sweep trace, make the first transistor 402 conductings, the aanalogvoltage of exporting to signal wire Si is write in the grid and auxiliary capacitor 404 of transistor seconds 403.

As mentioned above, in existing active matrix liquid crystal panel and organic EL panel, can carry out level by simulation ground modulated luminance and show.Therefore, be necessary in horizontal drive circuit, to be provided with the D/A translation circuit, the voltage and even the electric current of counter plate output analog quantity., be necessary in the back level of D/A translation circuit operational amplifier to be set, as being the current buffer that signal line capacitance discharges and recharges usefulness to load, it is the principal element that the overall consumed power of driving circuit is increased.Even this is because operational amplifier is not when discharging and recharging load, quiescent current also constantly flows, and owing to there is the operational amplifier that equals whole signal wire numbers, so the summation of the consumed power that the quiescent current of operational amplifier causes increases, it accounts for very big ratio in the overall consumed power of driving circuit.

In addition in the level of active matrix organic EL panel shows, for according to the magnitude of current control brightness of flowing through organic EL, the display quality of panel is highstrung in the I-E characteristic of pixel transistor discrete.Therefore, for the decrease in image quality that prevents that brightness hot spot etc. from causing, be necessary to be formed uniformly transistor characteristic along whole panels.

As a kind of method that solves these power problems, picture quality problem, known have the transducer without D/A, and only carry out the driving method that digital level shows with the diadic fixed voltage by the time modulation.In this application, it is called the digital hierarchy display mode.The power loss that does not have the quiescent current of mimic channel to cause in the digital hierarchy display mode, the transistor characteristic that high image quality is required is discrete not strict in addition.Situation with liquid crystal among Figure 14 is the structure that example shows existing digital hierarchy display mode.Compare with Figure 10, Figure 14 has disposed and has selected the analog multiplexer of diadic fixed voltage VH, VL promptly to translate masurium device 501 and analog switch 502, to replace D/A translation circuit and operational amplifier.Translating masurium device and analog switch can constitute with very simple circuit, does not almost have static power consumption.In addition, also identical with Fig. 5 under the situation of the digital drive of using organic EL, masurium device and analog switch are translated in configuration, replace D/A translation circuit and operational amplifier.If particularly the digital hierarchy display mode is applied among organic EL, even the I-E characteristic of pixel transistor is more or less discrete, if but can suppress to change with respect to the electric current of diadic fixed voltage, then have the advantage that the superior in quality image that does not produce the brightness hot spot can be provided.In addition, as shown in Figure 7, scan-side is made of the shift register circuit that scans usefulness successively, and is identical with analog-driven among Figure 10.

Secondly, with Figure 15 diadic fixed voltage VH, VL, the method for show levels utilized is described.With during being divided into time-weighted a plurality of subframe the image duration that shows all images, during each subframe, under the situation of liquid crystal, VH or VL are added on the pixel electrode,, carry out the width modulation of timeliness under the situation of organic EL VH or VL being added on the grid of transistor seconds.Figure 15 represents that fixed voltage is a diadic, the example the when figure place of number of sub frames and input data is consistent, and the input data are 4, number of sub frames is 4.Distribute subframe SF4～SF1 accordingly respectively with most significant digit (the MSB)～lowest order (LSB) of input data.By the diadic fixed voltage VH among the subframe SF1～SF4 of input data and weighting, the combination of VL, carry out 16 kinds of levels and show.For example, when hierarchical data is " 1011 " of 11, promptly 2 systems of 10 systems, in subframe SF3, select VL, in subframe SF1, SF2, SF4, select VH corresponding to " 1 " corresponding to " 0 ".In addition, also can as one man make VH corresponding to " 0 ", make VL corresponding to " 1 " with the transmissivity-voltage characteristic (T-V characteristic) of liquid crystal cell and luminosity-current characteristics of organic EL.

In existing digital hierarchy display mode,, as shown in figure 16, need to select sweep trace in order to take time-weighted subframe structure.It is under 4 the situation that Figure 16 is illustrated in number of sub frames, simply to sweep trace scanning successively from top to bottom, because the time weight of subframe was made as 1: 2: 4: 8, so the position is high more, have more during the long subframe.Like this, to establish number of sub frames and be N, demonstration line number be L, when horizontal scan period is H, and represent with following formula the image duration when scanning successively by digital drive.

L (1+2+4+ ... (N-1) power of+2) * H=(2 Nth power-1) HL from following formula as can be known, if number of sub frames increases, then during the subframe because 2 Nth power item and sharply increasing.Particularly during the subframe corresponding to most significant digit (MSB), do not carry out increasing unusually during other maintenances that write of going.For this reason, increase during the subframe, produce the flash of light that is called flicker.If instead make frame rate certain, then exist horizontal frequency to become greatly and cause the problem that power increases.

Secondly, distinctive animation simulation profile as the picture quality problem in the digital hierarchy display mode is described.The occurring principle of animation simulation profile has been shown among Figure 17.Fixed voltage is that diadic, number of sub frames are 4, the ratio during the maintenance of subframe is 1: 2: 4: 8 o'clock, and under the situation that shows 16 levels, suppose and carry out animation display, consider that brightness continuous between two frames of certain pixel changes.In Figure 17, for easy explanation, the subframe S4 for most significant digit selects successively since the time.Show levels in the 1st frame " 7 " i.e. is " 0111 ", and show levels in second frame " 8 " i.e. is " 1000 ".In the case, between two frames, become demonstration " 01111000 ".Luminous pattern is accumulated in people's the eye, equalization in time, but frame rate for the luminous pattern of " 1111 ", should be seen the brightness of " 7 " or " 8 " originally, but can only see the brightness of level " 16 " moment when being the 60Hz left and right sides.In order to prevent this phenomenon, the general employing increases number of sub frames, suppresses the method that rapid position changes as far as possible.For example, as shown in figure 18, establishing number of sub frames is 5, and the ratio during the maintenance of subframe is 1: 2: 4: 4: 4, suitably select 16 levels.At this moment, the position from level " 7 " to level " 8 " changes slows down, and the animation simulation profile that changes about this level weakens.But, residual animation simulation profile from level " 3 " to level " 4 ".If further increase number of sub frames, can further weaken the animation simulation profile.Like this,, then be necessary to increase number of sub frames if desire to weaken the animation simulation profile, so the frame period increase, if make frame rate certain, then horizontal frequency increases, and therefore has the problem that causes power to increase.

(problem of background technology is summarized)

The problem of above-mentioned background technology is summarized as follows.

(1) in the display device of in small-sized battery-driven portable machine, using, particularly in the display device of the liquid crystal of active matrix mode and organic EL etc., if without mimic channels such as D/A transducer and operational amplifiers, and only use the fixed voltage of diadic, utilize time-weighted subframe, show at many levels, then become the main cause that the frame period increases, glimmers, increases power.

(2) in addition, in order to weaken the animation simulation profile,, then can further cause the increase of power if increase number of sub frames.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly utilize subframe to show at many levels and can shorten image duration, prevent the active matrix type display and the driving method thereof of flicker.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of active matrix type display and driving method thereof that number of sub frames just can weaken the animation simulation profile that do not increase.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention be a kind of by during writing and a plurality of subframes that constitute during keeping constitute 1 frame, carry out the driving method of the active matrix type display of level demonstration with the accumulative effect during the above-mentioned maintenance, it is characterized in that: prepare a plurality of signal levels of lacking than the display layer number of times in advance, according to Digital Image Data, select certain value in above-mentioned a plurality of signal level, export by signal wire, simultaneously during the maintenance of each subframe relevant with a predetermined sweep trace, according to predetermined order, an above-mentioned predetermined sweep trace remaining sweep trace is in addition carried out random scanning, so that do not write same subframe about same sweep trace, with regard to whole 1 image durations, in each sweep trace, in fact carry out the writing of each subframe in above-mentioned a plurality of subframe, can guarantee to carry out the level display driver during the maintenance of each subframe.

In system of selection of the present invention, comprise that the selecting sequence during the subframe circulates and the two kinds of situations that do not circulate.In addition, each subframe comprises successively scanning and non-ly scans two kinds of situations successively.

Owing to as above constitute, so compare, can shorten image duration with existing digital hierarchy display mode, have the effect that can reduce flicker significantly.

In addition, if make frame rate certain, then can growth level scan period, can be reduced in the power that discharges and recharges of the liquid crystal panel electric capacity that carries out in this time.

In addition, owing to do not need D/A translation circuit and operational amplifier,, can seek to reduce consumed power so can make the simple in structure of driving circuit.

In addition, the present invention adopts such driving method sometimes: select sweep trace so that the selecting sequence during the subframe according to SF1 → SF2 → ... SFn → SF1 → SF2 → ... the sequential loop of → SFn.Under the situation of such driving method, as the system of selection of sweep trace, for not necessarily scanning successively that each subframe also has.

In addition, the present invention adopts such driving method sometimes: select sweep trace so that the selecting sequence during the subframe according to SF1 → SF2 → ... SFn → SF1 → SF2 → ... the sequential loop of → SFn, and with regard to during the above-mentioned subframe, scanning successively.

In addition, the present invention drives sometimes like this: when number of sub frames is that N, horizontal scan period are H, weight during keeping is 1: 2: 4: ...: 2 (N-1) power, number of scanning lines be L, when positive integer is K, with being set at NH (1+K (2 Nth power-1))=NHL above-mentioned image duration, drive.

In addition, the present invention drives sometimes like this: when number of sub frames be weight during N, horizontal scan period are the maintenance of H, i sub-image duration be K (i) (wherein, i=1,2 ..., N), when number of scanning lines is L,, drive being set at NH (1+ ∑ K (i))=NHL above-mentioned image duration.

In addition, the present invention prepares in advance sometimes than the display layer number of times and lacks and a plurality of signal levels more than 3, according to Digital Image Data, select the some values in above-mentioned a plurality of signal level, by signal wire output, the degree of freedom of the above-mentioned signal level that will can obtain in above-mentioned 1 image duration corresponding to a level is made as 2 simultaneously.

A plurality of signal levels can be got two values, also can get a plurality of values more than 3.Particularly under the situation of a plurality of values (many-valuedization) more than 3, mean, carry out level and show by numeral and simulation and usefulness.And, under the situation of many-valuedization like this, have the advantage that does not increase number of sub frames and increase the display layer number of times.Therefore, suitably select level,, do not increase the deterioration of image quality of subframe with regard to suppressing to cause by the animation simulation profile so that the rapid variation of two adjacent level metas diminishes.

In addition, the present invention is a kind of active matrix type display of realizing that above-mentioned driving method constitutes.

In addition, as active matrix type display, can be the liquid crystal indicator that liquid crystal layer is arranged, also can replace liquid crystal layer, but a kind of organic EL display that has luminescent layer.

The simple declaration of accompanying drawing

Fig. 1 is the major part structural drawing of the active array type LCD 10 of example 1.

Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the electrical structure of expression liquid crystal indicator 10.

Fig. 3 is the driving sequential chart of selecting sequence of the sweep trace of expression example 1.

Fig. 4 is the driving sequential chart of variation of selecting sequence of the sweep trace of expression example 1.

Fig. 5 is the driving sequential chart of variation of selecting sequence of the sweep trace of expression example 1.

Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of electrical structure of the liquid crystal indicator 10A of expression example 2.

Fig. 7 is the figure of the relation of expression level of example 2 and subframe.

Fig. 8 is the figure of variation of the relation of expression level of example 2 and subframe.

Fig. 9 is the figure of variation of the relation of expression level of example 2 and subframe.

Figure 10 is the structural drawing that the simulation level of existing active matrix liquid crystal panel shows.

Figure 11 is the oscillogram that the simulation level of existing active matrix liquid crystal panel shows.

Figure 12 is the figure of the existing simulation level scan lines displayed selecting sequence of expression.

Figure 13 is the structural drawing that the simulation level of existing active matrix organic EL panel shows.

Figure 14 is the structural drawing that the digital hierarchy of existing active matrix liquid crystal panel shows.

Figure 15 is the figure of the relation of level during the expression digital hierarchy shows and subframe.

Figure 16 is the figure of the existing digital hierarchy scan lines displayed selecting sequence of expression.

Figure 17 is the figure of the occurring principle of the animation simulation profile during the expression digital hierarchy shows.

Figure 18 is the figure of the reduction method of the animation simulation profile during the existing digital hierarchy of expression shows.

Implement optimal morphology of the present invention

(example 1)

Fig. 1 is the major part structural drawing of the active array type LCD 10 of example 1.Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the electrical structure of expression liquid crystal indicator 10.In the liquid crystal indicator of this example 1, the part corresponding with Figure 10 and conventional example shown in Figure 14 is marked with identical reference marks, and detailed description is omitted.This liquid crystal indicator 10 by during writing and a plurality of subframe SF1, the SF2 that constitute during keeping ..., SFn (representing with reference marks SF during general designation) constitutes 1 frame, be a kind ofly to utilize the accumulative effect during the maintenance to carry out the active matrix type display that level shows.Liquid crystal indicator 10 has first substrate 11, with second substrate 12 of first substrate, 11 relative configurations and be encapsulated in liquid crystal layer 103 between the substrate 11,12.On the medial surface of first substrate 11, with the many signal line S1, the S2 that are rectangular configuration ..., (general designation is during signal wire for Sn, S represents with reference marks) and multi-strip scanning line G1, G2 ..., Gn when sweep trace (general designation, G represents with reference marks) each intersection point form thin film transistor (TFT) 102 (TFT) accordingly, be connected the pixel electrode 105 on the TFT102 and be connected memory capacitance 104 on the pixel electrode 105 as on-off element.In addition, on the medial surface of second substrate 12, form opposite electrode 14.

The 20th, signal-line driving circuit.This signal-line driving circuit 20 has shift register/latch cicuit 106 (in order to simplify accompanying drawing, merged be used as a piece and represent shift register and latch), code translator 501 and analog switch 502.Code translator 501 and analog switch 502 constitute traffic pilot, have according to the some effects among Digital Image Data selection diadic fixed voltage VH, the VL.Utilize such structure, signal-line driving circuit 20 has such function: the voltage level of preparing a plurality of (being two values of fixed voltage VH, VL in this example 1) lacked than the display layer number of times in advance, according to Digital Image Data, select the some values in above-mentioned a plurality of voltage level, export by signal wire S.

In addition, the 30th, scan line drive circuit.This scan line drive circuit 30 is made of the code translator 803 and the output buffer 110 of selection by the sweep trace G of address signal ADV appointment.Be supplied to code translator 803 from the address signal ADV of control circuit (not shown) output, so that select sweep trace by address signal ADV appointment.In addition, the specified order of address is stored in the interior storer of control circuit (not shown) in advance, and according to the described order in the back of storing in this storer, sweep trace carries out random scanning.

Secondly, the driving method of liquid crystal indicator 10 is described.In example 1, with during being divided into time-weighted a plurality of subframe the image duration that shows all images, during each subframe, select and the fixed voltage VH or the VL of output diadic, carry out the width modulation of timeliness.The syntagmatic of the fixed voltage of the diadic in hierarchical data and the subframe but also can be the combination different with Figure 15 for example as shown in figure 15.

Secondly, concrete driving sequential has been shown among Fig. 3.This Fig. 3 represents altogether 16 sweep traces of 15 sweep traces of the 0th sweep trace to the, and fixed voltage is a diadic, and the figure place of number of sub frames and input layer secondary data all is the example of 4 consistent situations.The subframe of Fig. 3 (a) and the 0th sweep trace of Fig. 3 (c) expression.In addition, the selecting sequence of Fig. 3 (b) and Fig. 3 (d) expression sweep trace.In addition, Fig. 3 (a) and Fig. 3 (c) all represented for 1 image duration, though Fig. 3 (c) is the figure after Fig. 3 (a), only considered the space of accompanying drawing etc., described and be divided into two figure.In addition, same Fig. 3 (b) and Fig. 3 (d) all represented for 1 image duration, though Fig. 3 (d) is the figure after Fig. 3 (b), only considered the space of accompanying drawing etc., described and be divided into two figure.

Below, with reference to Fig. 3 concrete driving method is described.During each subframe SF1～SF4 by constituting during writing and during keeping, all be that a horizontal scan period (1H) is certain in which subframe during writing, during the maintenance in each subframe all according to 2 times constant times weighting of horizontal scan period.That is, during the maintenance of subframe SF1 2H, during the maintenance of subframe SF2 8H, during the maintenance of subframe SF3 16H, during the maintenance of subframe SF4 32H.

Here, driving method of the present invention is to be the method for purpose to shorten image duration.And, in order to reach this purpose, it is characterized in that: at predetermined and a sweep trace (under the situation at Fig. 3, be equivalent to the 0th sweep trace) during the maintenance of relevant each subframe, order according to the rules, so that do not write same subframe about same sweep trace, to remaining sweep trace beyond the above-mentioned predetermined sweep trace (under the situation of Fig. 3, be equivalent to the 1st to the 15 sweep trace) carry out random scanning, with regard to whole 1 image durations, during guaranteeing writing of each subframe and keep about whole sweep traces, carry out level and show.

Here, when setting the selecting sequence of concrete sweep trace in order to achieve the above object, at first, make vague generalization during the subframe.If H is a horizontal scan period, N is whole number of sub frames, when K is positive integer, be expressed as i sub-image duration

((i-1) power of 1+2 * NK) * H (in the formula, i=1,2 ..., N).During first expression in the following formula bracket writes, during second expression keeps.With (2 powers) * (constant K) * (number of sub frames N) * (horizontal scan period H) expression, (2 powers) part all carries out 1,2,4,8 in each subframe during the maintenance ... weighting.Why comprising the NK item during the maintenance, as hereinafter described, is in order to shorten image duration.

And, since 1 image duration be sum during whole subframes, so be expressed as

(N+NK (1+2+4+ ... (N-1) power of+2)) * H=NH (1+K (2 Nth power-1))

In the oscillogram shown in Fig. 3 (a), (c), during segment pulse is equivalent to write, during part in addition is equivalent to keep.

The selecting sequence of sweep trace is not simply according to from top to bottom sequential scanning, but shown in Fig. 3 (b), (d), order is according to the rules selected, and utilizes during the maintenance during the high-order subframe, writes the subframe of other row, shortens image duration.The concrete grammar that shortens image duration carries out in the following order.

(1) setting of reading scan line number

In 1 image duration, in order to write whole subframes, during needing to write for N time corresponding to delegation.Therefore, when reading scan line number is L, need (during the writing doubly of N * L) of 1 horizontal scan period 1 image duration.That is, represent with NHL during writing.It is fashionable, why most effective to carry out writing of other row during utilization keeps, and is because following formula is set up

NH (1+K (2 Nth power-1))=NHL therefore, following selection reading scan line number gets final product

L=1+K (2 Nth power-1)

In the example of Fig. 3 (b), (d), number of sub frames is N=4, so reading scan line number becomes L=15K+1.K is a positive integer, establishes K=1,2,3 ..., L=16,31,46 then ...In Fig. 3 (b), (d), establish K=1, the reading scan line is counted L=16, becomes NHL=64H 1 image duration.

(2) setting of the selecting sequence of sweep trace

Secondly, describe the selecting sequence of sweep trace in detail.Fig. 3 be the expression number of sub frames be that N=4, reading scan line number are the situation of L=16 (K=1), be 5H, 9H, 17H, 33H during each subframe, 1 image duration be they with, be 64H.Note the 0th sweep trace of beginning,, in the time of horizontal scan period 1H, write subframe SF1 corresponding to lowest order since moment t=0.Then, during the maintenance 4H, next moment that writes the SF2 of the 0th sweep trace is t=5H.In time during the maintenance of this SF1, write the subframe of another sweep trace.That is, during t=1H, write the SF2 of the 15th sweep trace, during t=2H, write the SF3 of the 13rd sweep trace, during t=3H, write the SF4 of the 9th sweep trace, during t=4H, write the SF1 of the 1st sweep trace.The order of the subframe that in other words, writes is according to SF1 → SF2 → SF3 → SF4 → SF1 ... sequential loop.In addition, a subframe is for example noted SF4, beginning behavior 9, selecting sequence according to 9 → 10 → 11 → ... → 15 → 0 → 1 → ... → 8 scannings so successively.About another subframe, be the begin column difference, it is identical to scan this point successively.The begin column of each subframe is determined by the moment monodrome that writes of each subframe of the 0th row.

Like this,,, then compare, can will shorten to N/ (2 Nth power-1) image duration doubly with merely scanning the situation that obtains subframe structure successively so that write the subframe of another row if select sweep trace during utilizing the maintenance of subframe.

For example, Fig. 3 is identical with reading scan line number among Figure 16, and number of sub frames is identical, but successively frame period of Figure 16 of scanning be 240H, get final product for 64H among Fig. 3.If can shorten the frame period, then can prevent to be called the flash of light of flicker, if make frame rate certain in addition, then can increase horizontal scan period, can be reduced in the power that discharges and recharges of the liquid crystal panel electric capacity that this horizontal scan period carries out.

In above-mentioned example, making the ratio during the maintenance of subframe is SF1: SF2: SF3: SF4=1: 2: 4: 8, yet the present invention is not limited to this, even for example set SF1: SF2: SF3: SF4=2: 8: 1: 4, according to idea same as described above, if the selecting sequence that makes sweep trace as shown in Figure 4, also can seek to shorten image duration.

In addition, in above-mentioned example, selecting sequence during the subframe is according to SF1 → SF2 → SF3 → SF4 → SF1 ... sequential loop, and,, the invention is not restricted to this though sweep trace is selected in scanning successively with regard to a sub-image duration, for example as shown in Figure 5, though the selecting sequence during the subframe is according to SF1 → SF2 → SF3 → SF4 → SF1 ... sequential loop, yet with regard to a sub-image duration, can not be yet successively scanning selection.Under the situation of Fig. 5, for example note SF4, selecting sequence makes beginning behavior 3, according to 3 → 5 → 7 → 9 → → 11 → 13 → 15 → 2 → 4 → ... 14 → 3 → 5 → scan so in every line.For another row, too, carry out staggered scanning.Even the selection of such sweep trace shown in Figure 5 also can be sought to shorten image duration.In addition, though scan successively, can simplify the address circuit of invisible scanning line.

In addition, in above-mentioned example, though according to the little order of weighting, select sweep trace, so that make during the subframe according to SF1 → SF2 → SF3 → SF4 → SF1 → ... sequential loop, otherwise but also can be according to the big order of weighting, with SF4 → SF3 → SF2 → SF1 → SF4 → ... sequential loop.Perhaps, irrelevant with the size of weighting, also can freely set the subframe order, for example SF3 → SF1 → SF4 → SF2 → SF3 → ...

In above-mentioned example, make the subframe round-robin cycle consistent in addition, be the 4H cycle, but the scope of the multiple of N for example under the situation of N=4, also can circulate according to the 8H cycle with number of sub frames N=4.In each piece that constitutes by a plurality of row, perhaps all row are divided into even number line and odd-numbered line in addition, also can make the order difference of subframe every number row ground.Under these circumstances, each subframe not necessarily scanning successively sometimes.

(summary of the system of selection of sweep trace)

If the system of selection to above-mentioned sweep trace is summarized, then can generally be divided into following three kinds.

(1) during the maintenance of each subframe of a sweep trace of in the multi-strip scanning line, being scheduled to, according to predetermined order an above-mentioned predetermined sweep trace remaining sweep trace is in addition carried out random scanning, so that same sweep trace is not write same subframe, with regard to whole image durations, in each sweep trace, in fact can guarantee writing during the maintenance of above-mentioned a plurality of each subframe.

In this system of selection, the selecting sequence during the subframe comprises round-robin situation and two kinds of round-robin situations not.In addition, comprise successively two kinds of scan condition and non-scan condition successively about each subframe.If adopt this system of selection, then owing to effectively utilizing the retention time, so have the effect that can shorten image duration.

(2) select sweep trace, so as the selecting sequence during the subframe according to SF1 → SF2 → ... SFn → SF1 → SF2 → ... the sequential loop of → SFn.

In this system of selection, sometimes for the not necessarily scanning successively of each subframe.If adopt this system of selection, compare with the system of selection of above-mentioned (1), can more effectively utilize the retention time, can make and contract image duration the most shortly, have the effect of the address circuit that can simplify the invisible scanning line simultaneously.

(3) select sweep trace, so as the selecting sequence during the subframe according to SF1 → SF2 → ... SFn → SF1 → SF2 → ... the sequential loop of → SFn, and with regard to during the above-mentioned subframe, scanning successively.If adopt this system of selection, compare with the system of selection of above-mentioned (1), (2), have the effect that can constitute the address circuit of invisible scanning line with counting circuit simple in structure.

In addition, the system of selection of above-mentioned (1)～(3) is the consideration method diverse ways of the system of selection of sweep trace, but its result sometimes, it but is identical driving sequential.

In addition, in above-mentioned example,, also can at random set the part of (2 powers) * (constant K) though be (2 powers) * (constant K) * (number of sub frames N) * (horizontal scan period H) during making the maintenance of subframe.If carry out vague generalization, then change weighting part (constant K) * (2 powers) into K (i), during keeping with NHK (i) expression, can be expressed as I sub-image duration

(1+NK (i)) * H (in the formula, i=1,2 ..., N).In addition because an image duration be during whole subframes and, so can be expressed as

NH (1+K (1)+K (2)+... + K (N))=and NH (1+ ∑ K (i)) is in order to shorten image duration, if change it into NHL, then reading scan line number is

L=1+K (1)+K (2)+... + K (N)=1+ ∑ K (i) and, even in this case, also according to the maintenance that makes above-mentioned subframe during be the same thinking methods of situation of (2 powers) * (constant K) * (number of sub frames N) * (horizontal scan period H), the setting sweep trace selecting sequence get final product.

(supplementary notes of example 1)

1. the AC driving method about liquid crystal is identical with conventional example in this example, suppose the anti-phase relatively driving of direction, making fixed voltage is diadic, but makes under the certain situation of relative direction, can adopt and make fixed voltage is positive polarity and each two value of negative polarity, adds up to 4 values.In addition, if adopt the capacitive coupling of prime grid to drive or the capacitive coupling driving method of control store electric capacity independently, can be under the situation of diadic then at fixed voltage, make relative direction certain.

2. in the present embodiment, though use number of sub frames N=4, demonstration line number L=16 has been set in constant K=1, and this is the maximum number of lines that can show, and is in fact also passable than the line number that it lacks.The maximum number of lines that for example enables to show is 16, and in fact the line number of Xian Shiing is under 15 the situation, and it is 4H which takes place also unselected time.

(example 2)

Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of electrical structure of the liquid crystal indicator 10A of expression example 2.This example 2 is similar to example 1, and corresponding part is marked with identical reference marks.In above-mentioned example 1, carry out level with the combination of the fixed voltage of the diadic in time-weighted a plurality of subframes and show, but in this example 2, it is characterized in that combining and carry out the level demonstration by the fixed voltage that 3 values are above.This means that the level that is undertaken by many-valued subframe shows, promptly show with simulation and with carrying out level by numeral.

Under the situation of many-valuedization like this,, has the advantage that does not increase number of sub frames and increase the display layer number of times though select the circuit structure of analog multiplexer (code translator and switch) of the fixed voltage of data side driving circuit to become complicated.For example, as shown in Figure 7, the ratio in 4 subframes of 3 values, during keeping is 1: 2: 4: under 8 the situation, if the degree of freedom of the fixed voltage of obtaining corresponding to a level is 2, then multipotency obtains 31 levels.

On the other hand, can also reduce number of sub frames by many-valuedization.For example, as shown in Figure 8, the ratio in 3 subframes of 3 values, during keeping is under 1: 2: 4 the situation, if the degree of freedom of the fixed voltage of obtaining corresponding to a level is 2, then multipotency obtains 15 levels.If can reduce number of sub frames, just more can shorten the frame period, if make frame rate certain, then can reduce horizontal frequency, can reduce power.Here when carrying out many-valuedization,,, in level-light characteristic, can keep continuity so can prevent the brightness jump between the adjacent level because the degree of freedom of the fixed voltage of obtaining corresponding to a level is 2.

In addition, as shown in Figure 9, suitably select level, the ratio make maintenance in 4 subframes of 3 values during is 1: 2: 2: 2, so that the rapid variation of the position in two adjacent levels is diminished, does not increase the deterioration of image quality of number of sub frames with regard to suppressing to cause by the animation simulation profile.

In addition, also the situation with diadic is identical under the situation of many-valuedization, adopts anti-phase relatively driving and capacitive coupling to drive, and less than 2 times of the fixed voltage size, just can carry out the AC driving of liquid crystal.

(other business)

In above-mentioned example 1,2, illustrated liquid crystal is used for display element, even but the organic EL of display element, the system of selection of the sweep trace of example 1,2 can be suitable for equally.

The possibility of utilizing on the industry

If adopt as above structure of the present invention, then can finish fully each problem of the present invention. Tool Body ground is said, and is as described below.

(1) at existing active matrix type display, particularly uses liquid crystal, organic EL Active matrix type display in, compare with existing digital hierarchy display mode, can shorten Image duration, has the effect of energy decrease flicker. In addition, if make frame rate certain, Then can increase horizontal scan period, have and to reduce the liquid crystal panel electric capacity that carries out in this time Discharge and recharge power.

(2) do not need D/A translation circuit and operational amplifier, can consist of simply drive circuit, Has the effect that can reduce the power that they consume.

(3) do not need existing simulation level display mode desired so high-precision even The characteristic of thin film transistor (TFT), have and can reduce by the discrete figure such as hot spot that cause of transistor characteristic The effect of the deterioration of image quality.

(4) owing to make many-valuedization of fixed voltage, thus not increasing power just can prevent level with The deterioration of the picture quality of animation simulation profile etc.

Claims (102)

1. A plurality of subframes formed by a writing period and a holding period constitute 1 frame, and a driving method of an active matrix type display device for gradation display with the accumulation effect of the above-mentioned holding period is characterized in that: Prepare a plurality of signal levels less than the number of display layers in advance, select one of the above-mentioned multiple signal levels according to the digital image data, and output it through the signal line, At the same time, during the holding period of each subframe related to a predetermined scanning line, random scanning is performed on the remaining scanning lines other than the predetermined scanning line according to a predetermined order, so that the same scanning line is not written into the same subframe. frame, In terms of the entire one frame period, in each scanning line, writing is actually performed in each of the plurality of subframes, and a hold period for each subframe can be ensured to perform gradation display driving. 2. A plurality of sub-frames SF1, SF2, ..., SFn (n is a natural number) composed of a writing period and a holding period constitute a frame, and an active matrix type display device that performs hierarchical display with the cumulative effect of the above-mentioned holding period A driving method, characterized in that: Prepare a plurality of signal levels less than the number of display layers in advance, select one of the above-mentioned multiple signal levels according to the digital image data, and output it through the signal line, At the same time, the scanning lines are selected so that the selection sequence of the sub-frame period described above is cycled in the order of SF1→SF2→...SFn→SF1→SF2→...→SFn. 3. A plurality of sub-frames SF1, SF2, ..., SFn (n is a natural number) composed of a writing period and a holding period constitute a frame, and an active matrix type display device that performs hierarchical display with the cumulative effect of the above-mentioned holding period A driving method, characterized in that: Prepare a plurality of signal levels less than the number of display layers in advance, select one of the above-mentioned multiple signal levels according to the digital image data, and output it through the signal line, At the same time, the scanning lines are selected so that the selection order of the subframe periods is cycled in the order of SF1→SF2→...SFn→SF1→SF2→...→SFn, and the scanning is performed sequentially in terms of one subframe period. 4. A plurality of sub-frames formed by a writing period and a holding period constitute 1 frame, and a driving method of an active matrix type display device for hierarchical display with the accumulation effect of the above-mentioned holding period is characterized in that: Prepare a plurality of signal levels less than the number of display layers in advance, select one of the above-mentioned multiple signal levels according to the digital image data, and output it through the signal line, At the same time, when the number of subframes is N, the horizontal scanning period is H, the weight of the holding period is the (N-1) power of 1:2:4:...:2, the number of scanning lines is L, and the positive integer is K, the The aforementioned frame period is set to NH(1+K(2 to the Nth power-1))=NHL, and driving is performed. 5. A plurality of subframes formed by a writing period and a holding period constitute 1 frame, and a driving method of an active matrix type display device that performs hierarchical display with the accumulation effect of the above-mentioned holding period, is characterized in that: Prepare a plurality of signal levels less than the number of display layers in advance, select one of the above-mentioned multiple signal levels according to the digital image data, and output it through the signal line, Simultaneously when the number of subframes is N, the horizontal scanning period is H, the weight of the holding period during the i-th subframe is K(i) (wherein, i=1, 2, ..., N), and the number of scanning lines is L, The above-mentioned frame period is set to NH(1+ΣK(i))=NHL, and driving is performed. 6. A plurality of sub-frames constituted by a writing period and a holding period constitute 1 frame, and a driving method for an active matrix type display device that performs hierarchical display with the accumulation effect of the above-mentioned holding period, is characterized in that: Pre-prepare a plurality of signal levels that are less than the number of display layers and more than 3. According to the digital image data, select a certain value among the above-mentioned multiple signal levels and output it through the signal line. The degree of freedom of the above-mentioned signal level that can be obtained in one frame period is set to two. 7. The driving method of an active matrix display device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of signal levels are double values. 8. The driving method of an active matrix display device according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of signal levels are double values. 9. The driving method of an active matrix display device according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of signal levels are double values. 10. The driving method of an active matrix display device according to claim 4, wherein the plurality of signal levels are double values. 11. The driving method of an active matrix display device according to claim 5, wherein the plurality of signal levels are double values. 12. The driving method of an active matrix display device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of signal levels are multi-values of 3 or more. 13. The driving method of an active matrix display device according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of signal levels are double values. 14. The driving method of an active matrix display device according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of signal levels are multi-values of 3 or more. 15. The driving method of an active matrix display device according to claim 4, wherein the plurality of signal levels are multi-values of 3 or more. 16. The driving method of an active matrix display device according to claim 5, wherein the plurality of signal levels are multi-values of 3 or more. 17. An active matrix display device comprising a first substrate and a second substrate, switches are formed on the first substrate corresponding to intersections of a plurality of signal lines and a plurality of scanning lines arranged in a matrix. element, the pixel electrode connected to the above-mentioned switching element, and the storage capacitor connected to the above-mentioned pixel electrode, and an opposite electrode opposite to the above-mentioned first substrate through the liquid crystal layer is formed on the above-mentioned second substrate. A plurality of subframes constituted during the period constitutes one frame, and the cumulative effect of the above-mentioned holding period is used for hierarchical display. The active matrix type display device is characterized in that it has: a signal line driving circuit, the signal line driving circuit prepares a plurality of voltage levels less than the number of display layers in advance, selects a value among the plurality of voltage levels according to the digital image data, and outputs it through the above signal line; and A scanning line driving circuit, the scanning line driving circuit controls the remaining scanning lines other than the predetermined one scanning line scan randomly so that the same subframe is not written with respect to the same scanline, In terms of the entire one frame period, in each scanning line, writing is actually performed in each of the plurality of subframes, and a hold period for each subframe can be ensured to perform gradation display driving. 18. An active matrix display device comprising a first substrate and a second substrate, switches are formed on the first substrate corresponding to intersections of a plurality of signal lines and a plurality of scanning lines arranged in a matrix. element, the pixel electrode connected to the above-mentioned switching element, and the storage capacitor connected to the above-mentioned pixel electrode, and an opposite electrode opposite to the above-mentioned first substrate through the liquid crystal layer is formed on the above-mentioned second substrate. A plurality of sub-frames SF1, SF2, ..., SFn (n is a natural number) formed during the hold period constitutes a frame, and the cumulative effect of the above-mentioned hold period is used for hierarchical display. The active matrix display device is characterized in that it has: a signal line driving circuit, the signal line driving circuit prepares a plurality of voltage levels less than the number of display layers in advance, selects a value among the plurality of voltage levels according to the digital image data, and outputs it through the signal line; and A scanning line driving circuit, the scanning line driving circuit selects the scanning lines, so that the selection sequence of the sub-frame periods is cycled in the order of SF1→SF2→...SFn→SF1→SF2→...→SFn. 19. An active matrix type display device, which is equipped with a first substrate and a second substrate, and switches are formed on the first substrate corresponding to intersections of a plurality of signal lines and a plurality of scanning lines arranged in a matrix. element, the pixel electrode connected to the above-mentioned switching element, and the storage capacitor connected to the above-mentioned pixel electrode, and an opposite electrode opposite to the above-mentioned first substrate through the liquid crystal layer is formed on the above-mentioned second substrate. A plurality of sub-frames SF1, SF2, ..., SFn (n is a natural number) formed during the hold period constitutes a frame, and the cumulative effect of the above-mentioned hold period is used for hierarchical display. The active matrix display device is characterized in that it has: a signal line driving circuit, the signal line driving circuit prepares a plurality of voltage levels less than the number of display layers in advance, selects a value among the plurality of voltage levels according to the digital image data, and outputs it through the signal line; and Scanning line driving circuit, the scanning line driving circuit selects the above-mentioned scanning lines, so that the selection order of the above-mentioned sub-frame period is cycled in the order of SF1→SF2→...SFn→SF1→SF2→...→SFn, and the above-mentioned sub-frame period is Look, scan in turn. 20. An active matrix type display device, which is equipped with a first substrate and a second substrate, and switches are formed on the first substrate corresponding to intersections of a plurality of signal lines and a plurality of scanning lines arranged in a matrix. element, the pixel electrode connected to the above-mentioned switching element, and the storage capacitor connected to the above-mentioned pixel electrode, and an opposite electrode opposite to the above-mentioned first substrate through the liquid crystal layer is formed on the above-mentioned second substrate. A plurality of subframes formed during the hold period constitute one frame, and the cumulative effect of the above-mentioned hold period is used for hierarchical display. The active matrix type display device is characterized in that it has: a signal line driving circuit, the signal line driving circuit prepares a plurality of voltage levels less than the number of display layers in advance, selects a value among the plurality of voltage levels according to the digital image data, and outputs it through the above signal line; and A scanning line driving circuit, the scanning line driving circuit selects the above-mentioned scanning lines so that when the number of subframes is N, the horizontal scanning period is H, and the weight of the holding period is 1:2:4:...:2 (N-1) times When the number of scanning lines is L and the positive integer is K, the above-mentioned frame period is NH(1+K(2 to the Nth power-1))=NHL. 21. An active matrix type display device, which is equipped with a first substrate and a second substrate, and switches are formed on the first substrate corresponding to intersections of a plurality of signal lines and a plurality of scanning lines arranged in a matrix. element, the pixel electrode connected to the above-mentioned switching element, and the storage capacitor connected to the above-mentioned pixel electrode, and an opposite electrode opposite to the above-mentioned first substrate through the liquid crystal layer is formed on the above-mentioned second substrate. A plurality of subframes formed during the hold period constitute one frame, and the cumulative effect of the above-mentioned hold period is used for hierarchical display. The active matrix type display device is characterized in that it has: a signal line driving circuit, the signal line driving circuit prepares a plurality of voltage levels less than the number of display layers in advance, selects a value among the plurality of voltage levels according to the digital image data, and outputs it through the above signal line; and A scanning line driving circuit, the scanning line driving circuit selects the above-mentioned scanning lines, so that when the number of subframes is N, the horizontal scanning period is H, and the weight of the holding period of the i-th subframe period is K(i) (wherein, i=1 , 2, ..., N), and when the number of scanning lines is L, the above-mentioned frame period is NH(1+ΣK(i))=NHL. 22. An active matrix display device comprising a first substrate and a second substrate, switches are formed on the first substrate corresponding to intersections of a plurality of signal lines and a plurality of scanning lines arranged in a matrix. element, the pixel electrode connected to the above-mentioned switching element, and the storage capacitor connected to the above-mentioned pixel electrode, and an opposite electrode opposite to the above-mentioned first substrate through the liquid crystal layer is formed on the above-mentioned second substrate. A plurality of subframes formed during the hold period constitute one frame, and the cumulative effect of the above-mentioned hold period is used for hierarchical display. The active matrix type display device is characterized in that it has: A signal line driving circuit which prepares in advance a plurality of voltage levels which are less than the number of display layers and which is three or more, selects one of the plurality of voltage levels based on digital image data, and performs Selecting, that is, making the degree of freedom of the above-mentioned signal level obtainable during the above-mentioned 1 frame period corresponding to one layer be 2, and outputting the selected voltage value through the above-mentioned signal line; and A scanning line driving circuit, which scans the scanning lines sequentially or randomly. 23. The active matrix display device according to claim 17, wherein the plurality of voltage levels are double values. 24. The active matrix display device according to claim 18, wherein the plurality of voltage levels are double values. 25. The active matrix display device according to claim 19, wherein the plurality of voltage levels are double values. 26. The active matrix display device according to claim 20, wherein the plurality of voltage levels are double values. 27. The active matrix display device according to claim 21, wherein the plurality of voltage levels are double values. 28. The active matrix display device according to claim 17, wherein the plurality of voltage levels are three or more multi-values. 29. The active matrix display device according to claim 18, wherein the plurality of voltage levels are three or more multi-values. 30. The active matrix display device according to claim 19, wherein the plurality of voltage levels are three or more multi-values. 31. The active matrix display device according to claim 20, wherein the plurality of voltage levels are three or more multi-values. 32. The active matrix display device according to claim 21, wherein the plurality of voltage levels are three or more multi-values. 33. The active matrix display device according to claim 17, wherein said signal line driver circuit includes an analog multiplexer for selecting one value from a plurality of said voltage levels and outputting it. 34. The active matrix display device according to claim 18, wherein said signal line driver circuit includes an analog multiplexer for selecting one value from a plurality of said voltage levels and outputting it. 35. The active matrix display device according to claim 19, wherein said signal line driving circuit includes an analog multiplexer for selecting one value from a plurality of said voltage levels and outputting it. 36. The active matrix display device according to claim 20, wherein said signal line driver circuit includes an analog multiplexer for selecting one value from a plurality of said voltage levels and outputting it. 37. The active matrix display device according to claim 21, wherein said signal line driving circuit includes an analog multiplexer for selecting one value from a plurality of said voltage levels and outputting it. 38. The active matrix display device according to claim 22, wherein said signal line driver circuit includes an analog multiplexer for selecting one value from a plurality of said voltage levels and outputting it. 39. The active matrix display device according to claim 17, wherein the scanning line driving circuit includes a decoder for selecting a scanning line according to an input address signal. 40. The active matrix display device according to claim 18, wherein the scanning line driving circuit includes a decoder for selecting a scanning line according to an input address signal. 41. The active matrix display device according to claim 19, wherein the scanning line driving circuit includes a decoder for selecting a scanning line according to an input address signal. 42. The active matrix display device according to claim 20, wherein the scanning line driving circuit includes a decoder for selecting a scanning line according to an input address signal. 43. The active matrix display device according to claim 21, wherein the scanning line driving circuit includes a decoder for selecting a scanning line according to an input address signal. 44. The active matrix display device according to claim 22, wherein the scanning line driving circuit includes a decoder for selecting a scanning line according to an input address signal. 45. The active matrix display device according to claim 17, wherein the switching element is formed of a three-terminal thin film transistor. 46. The active matrix display device according to claim 18, wherein the switching element is formed of a three-terminal thin film transistor. 47. The active matrix display device according to claim 19, wherein the switching element is formed of a three-terminal thin film transistor. 48. The active matrix display device according to claim 20, wherein the switching element is formed of a three-terminal thin film transistor. 49. The active matrix display device according to claim 21, wherein the switching element is formed of a three-terminal thin film transistor. 50. The active matrix display device according to claim 22, wherein the switching element is composed of a three-terminal thin film transistor. 51. The active-matrix display device according to claim 17, characterized in that: in synchronization with the output signal of the above-mentioned signal line driving circuit, the above-mentioned opposite electrode is driven in reverse in accordance with a period that is an integral multiple of the horizontal scanning period . 52. The active-matrix display device according to claim 18, characterized in that: in synchronization with the output signal of the above-mentioned signal line driving circuit, the above-mentioned opposite electrode is driven in reverse at a period that is an integral multiple of the horizontal scanning period . 53. The active-matrix display device according to claim 19, characterized in that: in synchronization with the output signal of the above-mentioned signal line driving circuit, the above-mentioned opposite electrode is driven in reverse at a period that is an integral multiple of the horizontal scanning period . 54. The active-matrix display device according to claim 20, characterized in that: in synchronization with the output signal of the above-mentioned signal line driving circuit, the above-mentioned opposite electrode is driven in reverse phase at a period that is an integral multiple of the horizontal scanning period . 55. The active-matrix display device according to claim 21, characterized in that: in synchronization with the output signal of the above-mentioned signal line driving circuit, the above-mentioned opposite electrode is driven in reverse in accordance with a period that is an integral multiple of the horizontal scanning period . 56. The active-matrix display device according to claim 22, characterized in that: in synchronization with the output signal of the above-mentioned signal line driving circuit, the above-mentioned opposite electrode is driven in reverse at a period that is an integral multiple of the horizontal scanning period . 57. The active matrix display device according to claim 17, wherein the output of the scanning line driving circuit is set to four values for capacitive coupling driving. 58. The active matrix display device according to claim 18, wherein the output of the scanning line driving circuit is set to four values for capacitive coupling driving. 59. The active matrix display device according to claim 19, wherein the output of the scanning line driving circuit is set to four values for capacitive coupling driving. 60. The active matrix display device according to claim 20, wherein the output of the scanning line driving circuit is set to four values for capacitive coupling driving. 61. The active matrix display device according to claim 21, wherein the output of the scanning line driving circuit is set to four values for capacitive coupling driving. 62. The active matrix display device according to claim 22, wherein the output of the scanning line driving circuit is set to four values for capacitive coupling driving. 63. The active matrix display device according to claim 17, wherein the output of the scanning line driving circuit is a double value, and the storage capacitor is independently driven by the double value to perform capacitive coupling driving. 64. The active matrix display device according to claim 18, wherein the output of the scanning line driving circuit is a double value, and the storage capacitor is independently driven by the double value to perform capacitive coupling driving. 65. The active matrix display device according to claim 19, wherein the output of the scanning line driving circuit is a binary value, and the binary value is used to independently drive the storage capacitor to perform capacitive coupling driving. 66. The active matrix display device according to claim 20, wherein the output of the scanning line driving circuit is double-valued, and the storage capacitor is independently driven by the binary value to perform capacitive coupling driving. 67. The active matrix display device according to claim 21, wherein the output of the scanning line driving circuit is double-valued, and the storage capacitor is independently driven by the binary value to perform capacitive coupling driving. 68. The active matrix display device according to claim 22, wherein the output of the scanning line driving circuit is a double value, and the storage capacitor is independently driven by the double value to perform capacitive coupling driving. 69. An active-matrix display device comprising a first substrate and a second substrate, on the first substrate corresponding to intersections of a plurality of signal lines and a plurality of scanning lines arranged in a matrix to form a second substrate. A switching element, a second switching element connected to the first switching element, a pixel electrode connected to the second switching element, and a power supply connected to a side different from the pixel electrode on the second switching element On the above-mentioned second substrate, the counter electrode facing the above-mentioned first substrate through the light-emitting layer is formed, and a plurality of sub-frames composed of the write period and the hold period constitute one frame, and the cumulative effect of the above-mentioned hold period is used for gradation display. , the active matrix type display device is characterized by having: a signal line driving circuit, the signal line driving circuit prepares a plurality of voltage levels less than the number of display layers in advance, selects a value among the plurality of voltage levels according to the digital image data, and outputs it through the above signal line; and A scanning line driving circuit, the scanning line driving circuit controls the remaining scanning lines other than the predetermined one scanning line scan randomly so that the same subframe is not written with respect to the same scanline, In terms of the entire one frame period, in each scanning line, writing is actually performed in each of the plurality of subframes, and a hold period for each subframe can be ensured to perform gradation display driving. 70. An active matrix display device comprising a first substrate and a second substrate, on the first substrate corresponding to each intersection of a plurality of signal lines and a plurality of scanning lines arranged in a matrix form a second substrate. A switching element, a second switching element connected to the first switching element, a pixel electrode connected to the second switching element, and a power supply connected to a side different from the pixel electrode on the second switching element On the above-mentioned second substrate, a counter electrode opposite to the above-mentioned first substrate is formed through a light-emitting layer, and a plurality of subframes SF1, SF2, ..., SFn (n is a natural number) composed of a write period and a hold period constitute 1 Frame, carry out gradation display with the cumulative effect of above-mentioned holding period, this active matrix type display device is characterized in that having: a signal line driving circuit, the signal line driving circuit prepares a plurality of voltage levels less than the number of display layers in advance, selects a value among the plurality of voltage levels according to the digital image data, and outputs it through the signal line; and A scanning line driving circuit, the scanning line driving circuit selects the scanning lines, so that the selection sequence of the sub-frame periods is cycled in the order of SF1→SF2→...SFn→SF1→SF2→...→SFn. 71. An active matrix type display device, which is provided with a first substrate and a second substrate, and a second substrate is formed on the first substrate corresponding to each intersection of a plurality of signal lines and a plurality of scanning lines arranged in a matrix. A switching element, a second switching element connected to the first switching element, a pixel electrode connected to the second switching element, and a power supply connected to a side different from the pixel electrode on the second switching element On the above-mentioned second substrate, a counter electrode opposite to the above-mentioned first substrate is formed through a light-emitting layer, and a plurality of subframes SF1, SF2, ..., SFn (n is a natural number) composed of a write period and a hold period constitute 1 Frame, carry out gradation display with the cumulative effect of above-mentioned holding period, this active matrix type display device is characterized in that having: a signal line driving circuit, the signal line driving circuit prepares a plurality of voltage levels less than the number of display layers in advance, selects a value among the plurality of voltage levels according to the digital image data, and outputs it through the signal line; and Scanning line driving circuit, the scanning line driving circuit selects the above-mentioned scanning lines, so that the selection order of the above-mentioned sub-frame period is cycled in the order of SF1→SF2→...SFn→SF1→SF2→...→SFn, and the above-mentioned sub-frame period is Look, scan in turn. 72. An active matrix type display device, which is provided with a first substrate and a second substrate, and a second substrate is formed on the first substrate corresponding to each intersection of a plurality of signal lines and a plurality of scanning lines arranged in a matrix. A switching element, a second switching element connected to the first switching element, a pixel electrode connected to the second switching element, and a power supply connected to a side different from the pixel electrode on the second switching element On the above-mentioned second substrate, the counter electrode facing the above-mentioned first substrate through the light-emitting layer is formed, and a plurality of sub-frames composed of the write period and the hold period constitute one frame, and the cumulative effect of the above-mentioned hold period is used for gradation display. , the active matrix type display device is characterized by having: a signal line driving circuit, the signal line driving circuit prepares a plurality of voltage levels less than the number of display layers in advance, selects a value among the plurality of voltage levels according to the digital image data, and outputs it through the above signal line; and A scanning line driving circuit, the scanning line driving circuit selects the above-mentioned scanning lines so that when the number of subframes is N, the horizontal scanning period is H, and the weight of the holding period is 1:2:4:...:2 (N-1) times When the number of scanning lines is L and the positive integer is K, the above-mentioned frame period is NH(1+K(2 to the Nth power-1))=NHL. 73. An active matrix type display device, which is provided with a first substrate and a second substrate, and a second substrate is formed on the first substrate corresponding to each intersection of a plurality of signal lines and a plurality of scanning lines arranged in a matrix. A switching element, a second switching element connected to the first switching element, a pixel electrode connected to the second switching element, and a power supply connected to a side different from the pixel electrode on the second switching element On the above-mentioned second substrate, the counter electrode facing the above-mentioned first substrate through the light-emitting layer is formed, and a plurality of sub-frames composed of the write period and the hold period constitute one frame, and the cumulative effect of the above-mentioned hold period is used for gradation display. , the active matrix type display device is characterized by having: a signal line driving circuit, the signal line driving circuit prepares a plurality of voltage levels less than the number of display layers in advance, selects a value among the plurality of voltage levels according to the digital image data, and outputs it through the above signal line; and A scanning line driving circuit, the scanning line driving circuit selects the above-mentioned scanning lines, so that when the number of subframes is N, the horizontal scanning period is H, and the weight of the holding period of the i-th subframe period is K(i) (wherein, i=1 , 2, ..., N), and when the number of scanning lines is L, the above frame period is NH(1+ΣK(i))=NHL. 74. An active matrix type display device, which is provided with a first substrate and a second substrate, and a second substrate is formed on the first substrate corresponding to each intersection of a plurality of signal lines and a plurality of scanning lines arranged in a matrix. A switching element, a second switching element connected to the first switching element, a pixel electrode connected to the second switching element, and a power supply connected to a side different from the pixel electrode on the second switching element On the above-mentioned second substrate, the counter electrode facing the above-mentioned first substrate through the light-emitting layer is formed, and a plurality of sub-frames composed of the write period and the hold period constitute one frame, and the cumulative effect of the above-mentioned hold period is used for gradation display. , the active matrix type display device is characterized by having: A signal line driving circuit which prepares in advance a plurality of voltage levels which are less than the number of display layers and which is three or more, selects one of the plurality of voltage levels based on digital image data, and performs Selecting, that is, making the degree of freedom of the above-mentioned signal level obtainable during the above-mentioned 1 frame period corresponding to one layer be 2, and outputting the selected voltage value through the above-mentioned signal line; and A scanning line driving circuit, which scans the scanning lines sequentially or randomly. 75. The active matrix display device according to claim 69, wherein the plurality of voltage levels are double values. 76. The active matrix display device according to claim 70, wherein the plurality of voltage levels are double values. 77. The active matrix display device according to claim 71, wherein the plurality of voltage levels are double values. 78. The active matrix display device according to claim 72, wherein the plurality of voltage levels are double values. 79. The active matrix display device according to claim 73, wherein the plurality of voltage levels are double values. 80. The active matrix display device according to claim 69, wherein the plurality of voltage levels are three or more multi-values. 81. The active matrix display device according to claim 70, wherein the plurality of voltage levels are three or more multi-values. 82. The active matrix display device according to claim 71, wherein the plurality of voltage levels are three or more multi-values. 83. The active matrix display device according to claim 72, wherein the plurality of voltage levels are three or more multi-values. 84. The active matrix display device according to claim 73, wherein the plurality of voltage levels are three or more multi-values. 85. The active matrix display device according to claim 69, wherein said signal line driving circuit includes an analog multiplexer for selecting one value from a plurality of said voltage levels and outputting it. 86. The active matrix display device according to claim 70, wherein said signal line driving circuit includes an analog multiplexer for selecting one value from a plurality of said voltage levels and outputting it. 87. The active matrix display device according to claim 71, wherein said signal line driving circuit includes an analog multiplexer for selecting one value from a plurality of said voltage levels and outputting it. 88. The active matrix display device according to claim 72, wherein said signal line driving circuit includes an analog multiplexer for selecting one value from a plurality of said voltage levels and outputting it. 89. The active matrix display device according to claim 73, wherein said signal line driving circuit includes an analog multiplexer for selecting one value from a plurality of said voltage levels and outputting it. 90. The active matrix display device according to claim 74, wherein said signal line driving circuit includes an analog multiplexer for selecting one value from a plurality of said voltage levels and outputting it. 91. The active matrix display device according to claim 69, wherein the scanning line driving circuit includes a decoder for selecting a scanning line according to an input address signal. 92. The active matrix display device according to claim 70, wherein the scanning line driving circuit includes a decoder for selecting a scanning line according to an input address signal. 93. The active matrix display device according to claim 71, wherein the scanning line driving circuit includes a decoder for selecting a scanning line according to an input address signal. 94. The active matrix display device according to claim 72, wherein the scanning line driving circuit includes a decoder for selecting a scanning line according to an input address signal. 95. The active matrix display device according to claim 73, wherein the scanning line driving circuit includes a decoder for selecting a scanning line according to an input address signal. 96. The active matrix display device according to claim 74, wherein the scanning line driving circuit includes a decoder for selecting a scanning line according to an input address signal. 97. The active matrix display device according to claim 69, wherein the first and second switching elements are composed of three-terminal thin film transistors. 98. The active matrix display device according to claim 70, wherein the first and second switching elements are composed of three-terminal thin film transistors. 99. The active matrix display device according to claim 71, wherein the first and second switching elements are composed of three-terminal thin film transistors. 100. The active matrix display device according to claim 72, wherein the first and second switching elements are composed of three-terminal thin film transistors. 101. The active matrix display device according to claim 73, wherein the first and second switching elements are composed of three-terminal thin film transistors. 102. The active matrix display device according to claim 74, wherein the first and second switching elements are composed of three-terminal thin film transistors.

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