CN117282124B - Plant raw juice extraction process and equipment based on infrared heating - Google Patents
Plant raw juice extraction process and equipment based on infrared heating Download PDFInfo
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- CN117282124B CN117282124B CN202311524391.2A CN202311524391A CN117282124B CN 117282124 B CN117282124 B CN 117282124B CN 202311524391 A CN202311524391 A CN 202311524391A CN 117282124 B CN117282124 B CN 117282124B
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0269—Solid material in other moving receptacles
- B01D11/0273—Solid material in other moving receptacles in rotating drums
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a plant raw juice extraction process based on infrared heating and equipment thereof. The equipment provided by the invention adopts an infrared system to heat materials, and in the process, parameters such as pressure, infrared wavelength, power and the like of the system are required to be strictly controlled, so that the average free path of molecular groups of the materials in each stage is precisely controlled, and a foundation is provided for the precise separation of raw dew in each stage. By strictly controlling the extraction temperature and time, the original dew of each molecular segment can be accurately separated, and a plant original dew with higher purity of certain target components can be obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant raw juice extraction, in particular to a plant raw juice extraction process based on infrared heating and equipment thereof.
Background
The medicinal plant raw juice is a transparent liquid with aromatic smell, which is obtained by distilling the original liquid part of the fresh or dried medicinal plant (or the reconstituted dried medicinal plant) and condensing the vapor. Depending on the application, the liquid can be classified into fragrant liquid, edible liquid, medicinal liquid, etc. The general principles of "various medicinal lotions" written in Qing Dynasty Zhao Xuemin, i.e., the essence of the substances can be obtained from all the people with the quality of the substances. The method starts from Atlantic, and is transferred to China, and the method can be carried out by steaming for big and small, and the properties and characteristics of the medicinal liquid are summarized, namely that the liquid is the steamed gas water, and the liquid is not white, but only is different in gas and color. For those with the general medical herbs, it can dispel and relieve the greasy intestinal obstruction. The names are very numerous. ", 22 kinds of medicinal lotions are recorded therein. At present, common honeysuckle dew, peppermint dew, ageratum dew, honeysuckle dew and the like are available.
The raw materials for preparing the plant raw juice for the medicine can be fresh or dry, but preferably the fresh product is used, and the medicine juice prepared by the fresh medicine can keep the efficacy of the fresh medicine and is convenient to store; the medicinal dew prepared from dry medicinal materials has better power than that prepared from fresh medicinal materials. The preparation process of the medicinal dew is described in detail in Ming Dynasty "Taixi Water method" and the functional characteristics of the medicinal dew are discussed, and the interior cloud is that "all the medicinal herbs, such as the grasses, the fruits, the melons, the grains and the vegetables have water properties, are distilled from fresh materials according to the law to obtain water, namely the dew. What is the dew, the medicine is the one that is superior to the other? The herbs are dry for a long time or lose nature, such as old rice is used as wine, and the wine is weak. The petiole is used as wine, so the taste is thin. When the herbs are decocted to be decoction, they are not full in flavor, and their nature is lost due to decoction. The pill and powder used today are synthesized by dry medicines, the essence is consumed, the stomach is transformed, the spleen is transmitted, and the secret announcements can be geometric? The dew is obtained by distillation, namely, the dew is the most upward among objects, and the initial force is recovered, so that the gas thickness potential is great. All flavors and tastes are superior to each other in terms of water. The former discussion plays a positive role in the popularization and use of the traditional Chinese medicine dew, and is a brand-new research and development idea for improving the market value of the traditional Chinese medicine dew.
The preparation process of the medicinal plant or Chinese herbal medicine superfine raw dew has the advantages of no addition and no pollution, superfine utilization speed, oxidation resistance, decay resistance, good taste, easy drinking, easy quantification, easy formulation and the like, and can completely extract all liquid components (volatile components, water-soluble components, fat-soluble components and the like) in cells and tissues of the medicinal plant or Chinese herbal medicine. The medicinal molecules in the raw juice are often dispersed in a molecular or particle state, so that the taste and the medicinal effect of the raw medicinal materials can be maintained to the maximum extent, and the medicinal juice has the advantages of small dosage, good absorbability, high bioavailability, quick response, reduced bitter taste, improvement of gastrointestinal irritation and the like. For example, 37 compounds including hydrocarbons, ketones, alcohols, phenols, vinegar, ethers, aldehydes, etc. are identified in ginseng hydrolat. The pure dew and the stock solution have efficacy researches, such as extracting the stock solution of coptis chinensis, radix scutellariae and cordate houttuynia, and have antibacterial effect; aloe stock solution is used for treating facial dermatitis; lavender, semen Myristicae, lignum Aquilariae Resinatum, and lignum Dalbergiae Odoriferae pure dew have antioxidant effect. The raw juice is often developed into cosmetics or used as aromatherapy, such as rose juice, lavender juice, etc., and has even better effect than essential oil products, and can be used for treating sleep disorder, mood disorder, gastrointestinal diseases, respiratory diseases, etc.
In the current original dew extraction field, the prepared original dew essence is a general original mixture, and the extracted original dew main component can not be accurately and standardized. The prior art has extensive research on plant extraction processes, including supercritical extraction processes, steam distillation extraction, ultrasonic extraction processes and the like, but the problems of extraction efficiency, resource utilization rate and the like restrict the application of the technologies. In addition, the prior art is often only capable of extracting and obtaining a mixed product, and is difficult to accurately separate target components. Therefore, how to separate out the essences of different species and different parts in a sectionalized and accurate way is a scientific and industrial difficult problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a plant raw juice extraction process and equipment based on infrared heating, wherein the process is used for uniformly stirring materials under a high vacuum condition and carrying out infrared heating, and vaporized material molecules are extracted in sections to form process parameters for extracting each main component of the materials, so that raw juice of each molecular segment can be accurately extracted, and the extraction rate and the extraction efficiency are remarkably improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a process for extracting plant raw juice, which comprises the following steps:
1) Drawing materials: selecting fresh plant raw materials, cleaning and draining; or drying plant material, rehydrating, soaking, and swelling;
2) Feeding: the raw materials are put in from a putting port of the equipment reaction kettle, and a rotary liner is started to carry out feeding;
3) Vacuum and heating: starting a vacuum pump after the inspection is finished, enabling the vacuum degree of the material accommodating space and the condensing device to reach minus 0.05 to minus 0.2MPa, and then starting an infrared heating part and the condensing device, wherein the wavelength of infrared heating is 0.5-3.0 mu m, and the power is 20-80 kW;
4) Extracting raw dew: the liquid raw dew flows into the liquid storage tank from light to heavy according to the molecular weight, when the temperature rises to the initial boiling point temperature, the liquid is kept for 2-20 minutes at the temperature, an extraction and precipitation control valve of the liquid storage tank is closed, a finished product liquid control valve is opened, and the raw dew in the liquid storage tank is discharged into a collecting measuring cup at the lower end; at the moment, the finished product liquid control valve is closed again, the extraction precipitation control valve is opened, the temperature is continuously increased by 1-10 ℃, the residence time is 2-20 minutes, the extraction precipitation control valve of the liquid storage tank is closed again, the finished product liquid control valve is opened, and the original dew in the liquid storage tank is discharged into a new collecting measuring cup at the lower end; closing the finished product liquid control valve again, opening the extraction precipitation control valve, continuously increasing the temperature to 1-10 ℃ and staying for 2-20 minutes, closing the extraction precipitation control valve of the liquid storage tank, opening the finished product liquid control valve, and discharging the raw dew in the liquid storage tank into a collecting measuring cup at the lower end;
Heating for several times sequentially according to the steps, separating out plant raw juice in a segmented way, and respectively emptying the dried bottom materials and the waste liquid from the lower end when the plant raw juice is completely extracted;
5) Cleaning and drying: the equipment is washed by weak acid-clear water-weak base-clear water in sequence, and then hot air is blown to dry all the inner walls and the pipelines.
Further, the rotating speed of the rotary liner in the step 2) is 6-10 rpm.
Further, in the step 3), the wavelength of the infrared heating is 0.5-3.0 μm, and the power is 20-80 kW.
Further, the specific process of the liquid raw dew in the step 4) flowing into the liquid storage tank from light to heavy according to the molecular weight is as follows: when the temperature rises to the initial boiling point temperature, molecular groups with smaller effective diameters are separated out, the molecular groups stay for 2 to 20 minutes at the temperature, the separated vapor is condensed to form lighter substance molecules, an extraction separation control valve of a liquid storage tank is closed, a finished product liquid control valve is opened, and the lighter substance molecules in the liquid storage tank are discharged into a collecting measuring cup at the lower end; at the moment, closing the finished product liquid control valve, opening the extraction precipitation control valve, continuously increasing the temperature to 1-10 ℃ and keeping for 2-20 minutes, wherein the original evaporated and condensed substance molecules separated in the section are substance molecules with the effective diameters of the molecular groups in the middle, closing the extraction precipitation control valve of the liquid storage tank again, opening the finished product liquid control valve, and discharging the original substance molecules with the effective diameters of the molecular groups in the liquid storage tank being the effective diameters of the molecular groups in the middle into a new collecting measuring cup at the lower end; closing the finished product liquid control valve again, opening the extraction precipitation control valve, continuously increasing the temperature to 1-10 ℃ and staying for 2-20 minutes, wherein the precipitated vapor is condensed to form heavier matter molecules, closing the extraction precipitation control valve of the liquid storage tank, opening the finished product liquid control valve, and discharging the heavier matter molecules in the liquid storage tank into a collecting measuring cup at the lower end; the temperature is raised for a plurality of times according to the steps in sequence, so that the molecular exposure of the target substance can be effectively and accurately separated out in a segmented manner.
The extraction equipment is suitable for extracting raw juice from various plants, and can realize the effect of accurately separating target raw juice by adjusting different equipment parameters according to different raw materials.
In order to achieve the above process, the present application further provides an infrared heating-based plant raw juice extraction apparatus, comprising: reaction kettle, condensing equipment, liquid storage pot.
The reaction kettle comprises a shell and a rotary heating part; the rotary heating part is arranged inside the shell;
the rotary heating part comprises a rotary material container, an infrared heating part and an isolating heat conducting layer; a material accommodating space is formed between the rotary material container and the isolation heat conduction layer, and the infrared heating part is arranged on the inner side of the isolation heat conduction layer;
the reaction kettle further comprises a sealing structure, the rotary heating part is arranged in the sealing structure, and the air pressure in the sealing structure can be regulated.
The device further comprises a vacuum pump connected with the sealing structure and the liquid storage tank.
The lower end of the liquid storage tank is also provided with a collecting measuring cup for storing the raw dew flowing out of the liquid storage tank.
The device further comprises a cleaning pipeline which is connected with the rotary heating part and the liquid storage tank.
The invention further provides a process for extracting the original pepper dew by adopting the equipment, which comprises the following steps:
1) Drawing materials: selecting fresh pepper, cleaning and draining; or rehydrating the dried pricklyash peel according to the mass ratio of 1:1, soaking and fully swelling;
2) Feeding and mechanically detecting: putting the pepper from a putting port of the equipment reaction kettle, starting a rotary material container while putting, checking whether each valve of each pipeline of each component is normally opened and closed after putting, and opening the equipment downwards to operate after the valve is normally ready;
3) Vacuum and heating: starting a vacuum pump after the inspection is finished, enabling the vacuum degree of the material accommodating space and the condensing device to reach minus 0.09 to minus 0.1MPa, and starting an infrared heating part and the condensing device;
4) Condensing and sub-packaging: the distilled gaseous molecules enter a condensing device, liquid raw dew flowing out from an outlet of the condensing device flows into a liquid storage tank from light to heavy according to the molecular mass and is received by different collecting measuring cups, and when the precipitate is completely extracted, the dried bottom materials and the waste liquid are respectively emptied from the lower end;
5) Cleaning and drying: the equipment is washed by weak acid-clear water-weak base-clear water in sequence, and then hot air is blown to dry all the inner walls and the pipelines.
Further, the rotating speed of the rotary liner in the step 2) is 6-10 rpm.
Further, the wavelength of the infrared heating in the step 3) is 1.0-1.2 mu m, and the power is 40-42 kW.
Further, when the zanthoxylum bungeanum original juice is extracted, the temperature rise, the residence time and the corresponding target substance molecules are shown in table 1:
table 1:
| sequence number | Temperature rise (DEG C) | Residence time (min) | Substance name | Molecular formula |
| 1 | 35 | 10~11 | Cryptone | C 9 H 14 O |
| 2 | 37 | 14~15 | Artemisia selengensis brain | C 10 H 12 O |
| 3 | 39 | 10~11 | Piper-kene | C 10 H 16 O |
| 4 | 42 | 5~6 | Citronellol | C 10 H 20 O |
| 5 | 44 | 5~6 | Alpha-terpineol acetate | C 12 H 20 O 2 |
The invention also provides a process for extracting the gastrodia elata original juice by adopting the equipment, and the step flow is basically the same as that of extracting the gastrodia elata original juice.
Further, the wavelength of the infrared heating in the step 3) is 1.3-1.5 mu m, and the power is 43-45 kW.
Further, when the gastrodia elata raw juice is extracted in the step 4), the temperature rise temperature, the residence time and the corresponding target substance molecules are shown in table 2:
table 2:
| sequence number | Temperature rise (DEG C) | Residence time (min) | Substance name | Molecular formula |
| 1 | 34 | 7~8 | Para-cresol | C 7 H 8 O |
| 2 | 36 | 9~10 | Artemisia selengensis brain | C 10 H 12 O |
| 3 | 43 | 11~12 | Tridecyl acid methyl ester | C 14 H 28 O 2 |
The invention also provides a process for extracting the echinacea raw juice by adopting the equipment, and the steps are basically the same as those for extracting the zanthoxylum raw juice.
Further, in the step 3), the wavelength of the infrared heating is 1.1-1.3 mu m, and the power is 41-43 kW.
Further, when the echinacea original juice is extracted in the step 4), the temperature rise, the residence time and the corresponding target substance molecules are shown in table 3:
table 3:
| sequence number | Temperature rise (DEG C) | Residence time (min) | Substance name | Molecular formula |
| 1 | 35.5 | 8~9 | Phenethyl alcohol | C 8 H 10 O |
| 2 | 37.5 | 9~10 | 1-cis-verbenol | C 10 H 14 O |
| 3 | 39.5 | 8~9 | L-abietyl alcohol | C 10 H 16 O |
| 4 | 43.5 | 7~8 | Tridecyl acid methyl ester | C 14 H 28 O 2 |
The extraction equipment disclosed by the invention can be used for extracting the raw juice of the peppers, the gastrodia elata or the echinacea, can be also suitable for extracting the raw juice of other various plants, can obtain similar extraction parameters by adjusting according to different raw material characteristics, and can realize the effect of accurately separating the target raw juice.
According to the invention, the infrared system is adopted to heat the materials, and in the process, parameters such as pressure, infrared wavelength, power and the like of the system are required to be strictly controlled, so that the average free path of molecular groups of the materials in each stage is precisely controlled, and a foundation is provided for the precise separation of raw dew in each stage. In the heating process, along with the change of the pressure inside and outside the cell, the cell is broken or the tissue is cracked, the movement of the liquid molecules is accelerated along with the increase of heat, the average free path of the molecular groups of the molecules is broken preferentially for the molecules with lighter molecular weight, and the connection bonds among the molecules are broken to escape from the surface of the molecular groups and change into gaseous molecules; with the time extension, the heat is further increased or the temperature is further increased, the molecular mass of liquid molecules in cells and tissues continuously flies away from the surface of the liquid molecular group from light to heavy in batches to become vaporization molecules, the vaporization molecules are closely related to main factors such as specific heat performance, time, heat/temperature, pressure and the like of materials until the escapable molecules in the liquid molecular group fly away from the surface of the liquid molecular group, and then the materials initially containing the plump saturated liquid molecules gradually become a shrunken tail.
The average free path of the molecular group is related to the effective diameter, temperature and pressure of the molecular group, and the smaller the effective diameter of the molecular group is, the larger the average free path of the molecular group is; the higher the temperature, the larger the mean free path of the molecular group; the lower the pressure, the greater the mean free path of the clusters. The calculation formula is as follows:
λ m -mean free path of the micelle, d-effective diameter of the micelle, p-pressure, k-boltzmann constant, k= 1.380658 ×10 -23 T-temperature.
Under a more constant high vacuum state, the bond energy among the molecules of the material is broken by absorbing infrared heat, the molecules of the material escape from the liquid level and are vaporized and extracted to become ultramicro molecular groups, and most of the effective components in the material belong to lighter molecules, and heavier molecules such as other pigments, cellulose, polysaccharide, protein, heavy metal and the like cannot be vaporized and separated out.
Definition of terms:
as used herein, the term "plant" refers to a plant that has a function or functions, including but not limited to apple, pear, rice, wheat, corn, sunflower, peanut, clove, star anise, fennel, hemp seed, dahurian angelica root, nutmeg, cinnamon, phyllanthus emblica, pricklyash peel, honeysuckle, olive, houttuynia cordata, ginger, gardenia, citron, mulberry leaf, orange, platycodon grandiflorum, chrysanthemum, chicory, perilla, pepper, pagodatree flower, dandelion, wild jujube seed, orange peel, peppermint, allium macrostemon, raspberry, wrinkled giant hyssop, ginseng stem, silver flower, coriander, rose, pollen pini, angelica, pilose asiabell root, cistanche, american ginseng, astragalus, gastrodia tuber, eucommia bark, fingered citron, cassia seed, cornflower, yarrow, sage, spruce, pine needle, orange flower, iris, lily, evening primrose, calendula, marjoram, tulip, jasmine flower, rose Magnolia flower, gardenia, pseudo-ginseng, red sage root, cortex acanthopanacis, cimicifugae rhizoma, radix pseudostellariae, costustoot, plantain seed, plantain herb, radix glehniae, radix scrophulariae, rhizoma bletillae, cardamom, safflower, rhodiola rosea, moutan bark, eupatorium, cacumen biotae, acanthopanax root, dahurian rose fruit, roselle, apocynum venetum, bitter orange, gynostemma pentaphylla, nutgrass galingale rhizome, centella asiatica, epimedium herb, dodder seed, ginkgo leaf, cowberry fruit, pagodatree fruit, pollen typhae, prepared rehmannia root, fritillaria, dried rehmannia root, fleece-flower root, white atractylodes rhizome, white peony root, sea-ear shell, dendrobium, cortex lycii radicis, bamboo shavings, ganoderma lucidum, evodia rutaecarpa, achyranthes root, semen astragali complanati, aloe, rhizoma atractylodis, fructus psoraleae, myrobalan, red pae, radix paeoniae rubra, lilyturf root, tortoise shell, prepared rhubarb, herba lycopi, rhizoma alismatis, rose flower, rhizoma anemarrhenae, kudingcha, golden cypress, cherokee, pericarpium citri, green tangerine peel, magnolia bark, magnolia flower, etc., the preferred plants are pricklyash peel, gastrodia tuber or echinacea, etc.
As used herein, the term "drain" refers to drying to a surface that is dry, yet retains some moisture within. For example, plant draining is the draining of water from plants by external forces.
As used herein, the term "rehydration" refers to the reverse process of re-absorbing moisture, recovering it to dryness. The dried plants should resemble fresh or pre-desiccation conditions in terms of weight, size and shape, texture, color, flavor, composition, texture, etc. after reabsorbing moisture.
As used herein, the term "swelling" (Imbibition) refers to the phenomenon of swelling of a hydrocolloid in plant cells by water, and plant tissues contain many such substances, such as cellulose, pectic substances, starch and proteins, which are strongly hydrophilic and, when not saturated with water, are latent with a strong water-absorbing capacity.
As used herein, the term "vacuum level" refers to the negative pressure achieved by pumping air in the reaction vessel and extraction piping by a vacuum pump, where the vacuum level is-0.05 to-0.2 MPa, preferably-0.09 to-0.1 MPa.
As used herein, the term "initial boiling point temperature" refers to the temperature at which the material (treated plant) in the reaction vessel begins to produce steam of a specific composition by increasing the temperature under a certain vacuum, for example, at a vacuum of-0.09 MPa to-0.1 MPa, the boiling point of water being about 48 ℃.
As used herein, the term "elevated temperature" refers to the endothermic vaporization of materials in a reaction vessel under vacuum from the temperature of one low molecular weight segment to the temperature of the next high molecular weight segment, typically in the range of 1-10 ℃.
As used herein, the term "warming several times" means warming several times according to plant characteristics, and can effectively and precisely separate out the molecular origins of the target substances in a segmented manner, for example, warming 1 to 10 times.
As used herein, the term "certain time" means the time required for the reaction vessel to vaporize in a vacuum state with the material therein being vaporized endothermically and all vaporized out at a certain specific temperature, usually several minutes to several tens of minutes, preferably 2 to 20 minutes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention adopts the extraction equipment of infrared heating to extract the plant raw juice, and precisely controls the average free path of the substance molecular groups by controlling the parameters of the equipment such as infrared wavelength, power, pressure and the like, thereby fully extracting the target components in the plant and obviously improving the extraction rate of the raw juice.
2. By controlling the extraction temperature and time, the original juice of each molecular segment can be accurately separated, and the segment original juice of a certain pricklyash peel, tall gastrodia tuber and echinacea with high content of targeted components can be obtained.
3. The device of the invention is generally applicable to extraction of all plant raw juice.
In addition, the invention can further establish a parameter database on the basis of the accurate parameters of each original dew produced in a trial way, and can realize one-key dew analysis when the same plant original dew is prepared later.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention.
Reference numerals: the reaction kettle 100, a condensing device 200, a liquid storage tank 300, a shell 101, a rotary heating part 102, a driving device 1021, a rotary material container 1022, a partition plate 1023, an infrared heating part 1024, an isolation heat conduction layer 1025, a material accommodating space 1026, a sealing structure 1027, a sewage outlet 1028, an extraction precipitation port 1029, a condensing module 201, a condensing pipeline 202, an extraction precipitation control valve 203, a gas flowmeter 204, an extraction precipitation pipeline 205, an electronic liquid level meter 301, a finished liquid control valve 302, a rotary tray 303, a collection measuring cup 304, a vacuum pump 401, a vacuum pipeline 402, a cavity vacuumizing control valve 403/404, a cleaning pipeline 500, a cleaning liquid control valve 502, a cleaning nozzle 503, a barometer 601, a thermometer 602 and a hygrometer 603.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings and the detailed description. It is also to be understood that the following examples are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not to be construed as limitations on the scope of the invention, since various modifications and adaptations may be made by those skilled in the art in light of the teachings herein. The specific process parameters and the like described below are also merely examples of suitable ranges, i.e., one skilled in the art can make a selection within the suitable ranges by the description herein and are not intended to be limited to the specific data described below. The starting materials or reagents used in the following examples and comparative examples were obtained from conventional commercial sources, or may be obtained by known methods in the art, unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, an infrared heating-based plant raw juice extraction apparatus includes: a reaction kettle 100, a condensing device 200, a liquid storage tank 300 and the like. Wherein the reaction kettle 100 comprises a shell 101 and a rotary heating part 102, wherein the rotary heating part 102 is arranged in the shell 101, and raw materials are placed in the rotary heating part 102.
The rotary heating unit 102 includes: a driving device 1021, the driving device 1021 being mounted on the housing 101; the rotary material container 1022, the rotary material container 1022 is connected with the driving device 1021, and the driving device 1021 drives the rotary material container 1022 to rotate. Wherein dew taking raw materials can be placed in the rotary liner 1022. A partition plate 1023 is further disposed in the rotary bladder 1022, and the partition plate 1023 may be uniformly or unevenly disposed on the inner wall of the rotary bladder 1022. The partition plate 1023 extends from the inner wall of the rotary bladder 1022 toward the center of the rotary bladder 1022.
The partition plate 1023 can separate the raw material for dew taking, and drives the raw material to roll in the rotary material container 1022 when the rotary material container 1022 rotates, so that evaporation and separation of raw dew in the raw material are accelerated.
The rotary heating part 102 further includes: an infrared heating part 1024, wherein the infrared heating part 1024 is arranged at the inner side of the rotary material container 1022; the isolating heat conducting layer 1025, the isolating heat conducting layer 1025 is arranged outside the infrared heating part 1024 and inside the rotary material container 1022. The infrared heating unit 1024 can provide heat required by the dew taking device and adjust infrared power and wavelength according to different raw materials. A material accommodating space 1026 is formed between the isolated heat conducting part and the rotary material container 1022 and is used for accommodating dew taking raw materials. The rotary material container 1022 and the heat-insulating and heat-conducting part are cylindrical as a whole, and the cross sections of the rotary material container 1022, the heat-insulating and heat-conducting part and the infrared heating part 1024 are circular. The infrared heating portions are disposed along the insulating heat conductive layer 1025.
The infrared heating device has the advantages that the existing infrared heating part is generally arranged outside the rotary heating part 102, and the infrared heating part is arranged inside the rotary heating part 102, namely, the infrared heating part is arranged on the inner side of the rotary material container 1022, so that the infrared heating part can heat raw materials more uniformly, and all heat of the infrared heating part is effectively utilized. Therefore, the equipment provided by the invention is more energy-saving, can heat the raw materials more uniformly, and improves the dew taking effect.
Further, the reaction kettle 100 further comprises a sealing structure 1027, and the rotary heating part 102 is arranged in the sealing structure 1027. The air pressure within the seal 1027 may be regulated.
Advantageously, by adjusting the air pressure of the rotary heating portion 102, i.e., the air pressure of the raw material in the sauce can be adjusted, the sauce can be more effectively sauce can be extracted. Lower air pressure can improve dew taking efficiency.
Further, the driving device 1021 is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the housing 101, and the driving device 1021 is fixedly connected with one end of the rotary liner 1022.
Further, a drain 1028 is provided on the underside of the seal 1027. An extraction precipitation port 1029 is provided on the upper side of the sealing structure 1027.
Further, the condensing apparatus 200 includes a condensing module 201, an extraction pipe 205, an extraction control valve 203, a gas flowmeter 204, and the like. The extraction separation outlet 1029 is connected to the condensing unit 200. The condensing device 200 is connected with the liquid storage tank. An extraction pipeline 205, a gas flowmeter 204, an extraction control valve 203, and the like are arranged between the extraction port 1029 and the condensation module 201.
Further, an electronic liquid level meter 301 is arranged in front of the liquid storage tank 300, a finished product liquid control valve 302 is arranged at the lower end of the liquid storage tank 300, and the finished product liquid control valve 302 can control dew in the liquid storage tank 300 to flow out. The dewing device also comprises a rotary tray 303, and a collecting measuring cup 304 is arranged on the tray. The collection cup 304 may store dew water flowing out of the liquid storage tank 300.
Further, the dew taking device is provided with a vacuum pump 401, and the vacuum pump 401 is connected with the rotary heating part 102 and is used for adjusting the air pressure in the sealing structure 1027, namely the rotary heating part 102. A cavity vacuumizing control valve 403 and a cavity vacuumizing pipeline 402 are arranged between the vacuum pump 401 and the rotary heating part 102. The vacuum pump is also connected to the liquid storage tank 300 for reducing the air pressure in the liquid storage tank 300. Dew after the outside air oxidation condensation is prevented. An extraction and precipitation vacuum pump 401 control valve and an extraction and precipitation pipeline 205 are also arranged between the vacuum pump 401 and the liquid storage tank 300.
Further, the dew taking device is also provided with a cleaning pipeline 500. The cleaning line 500 includes a cleaning liquid reservoir 300 and a cleaning liquid control valve 502. The inclined liquid storage tank 300 also contains at least three cleaning fluids of weak acid, clear water and weak base. The cleaning line 500 is connected to the sealing structure 1027, and the cleaning head 503 is disposed on the sealing structure 1027. The purge line 500 is also connected to the reservoir 300.
Further, the sealing structure 1027 is further provided with a barometer 601, a thermometer 602 and a hygrometer 603.
Example 2
The process for extracting the original juice of the pepper by adopting the equipment described in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
1) Drawing materials: selecting 15Kg of fresh pepper, cleaning and draining; the pricklyash peel is purchased from Sichuan yash.
2) Feeding and mechanically detecting: the pepper is put in from the putting-in port of the equipment reaction kettle 100, the rotary material container 1022 is started while putting in, the rotating speed of the rotary material container 1022 is controlled at 10rpm, materials are uniformly distributed among the partition plates 1023, after putting in, the bin and the door are closed for machine inspection, a self-inspection program is started to check whether the opening and closing of the valves of the pipelines of the components are normal or not, and after the components are normal, the equipment is opened downwards for operation.
3) Vacuum and heating: after the self-checking is finished, the vacuum pump 401 is started, the vacuum degree in the material accommodating space 1026 and the condensing device 200 reaches-0.1 MPa, and then the infrared heating part 1024 and the condensing device 200 are started, and the infrared wavelength is set to be 1.2 mu m, and the power is 41kW.
4) Condensing and sub-packaging: the distilled gaseous molecules enter a condensing device 200 filled with a strong conduction medium from an extraction precipitation port 1029, and liquid raw dew flowing out from an outlet of the condensing device flows into a liquid storage tank 300 from light to heavy according to the molecular mass and is received by different collecting measuring cups 304; when the temperature rises to 35 ℃, the raw dew condensed by the separated steam mainly contains the hidden ketone at the temperature for 10.3min, the extraction separation control valve 203 of the liquid storage tank 300 is closed, the finished product liquid control valve 302 is opened, and the raw dew in the liquid storage tank 300 is discharged into the collecting measuring cup 304 at the lower end; at this time, the finished product liquid control valve 302 is closed again, the extraction precipitation control valve 203 is opened, the temperature is continuously increased to 37 ℃ and stays for 14.8min, the original dew of the precipitated substance molecules is vaporized and condensed to mainly contain artesenol, the extraction precipitation control valve 203 of the liquid storage tank 300 is closed again, the finished product liquid control valve 302 is opened, and the original dew in the liquid storage tank 300 is discharged into a new collecting measuring cup 304 at the lower end; closing the finished product liquid control valve 302 again, opening the extraction precipitation control valve 203, continuously rising to 39 ℃ and staying for 10.5min, wherein the precipitated vapor condensed raw dew mainly contains piperonyl, closing the extraction precipitation control valve 203 of the liquid storage tank 300, opening the finished product liquid control valve 302, and discharging the raw dew in the liquid storage tank 300 into a collecting measuring cup 304 at the lower end; the temperature is raised for several times according to the steps, the temperature and the residence time of the temperature rise are referred to in a table 4, and finally 5 raw dew containing cryptotone, estragole, piperonyl, citronellol, alpha-terpineol acetate and the like are separated out respectively.
When the precipitate is completely extracted, the dried bed charge and the waste liquid are respectively emptied through the drain 1028.
5) Cleaning and drying: and closing the bin body door of the rotary heating part 102 and the valves of all pipelines, cleaning weak acid, clear water, weak base and clear water in sequence, and flushing all the inner walls and the pipelines by hot blast.
Respectively taking cryptotone, estragole, piperonyl, citronellol and alpha-terpineol acetate as standard substances, and respectively detecting original dew components in a No. 1-5 collecting measuring cup, wherein the result shows that the No. 1 collecting measuring cup detects the cryptotone containing target components, and the No. 2-5 collecting measuring cup does not detect the cryptotone; the Artemisia ordosica containing target components is detected in a collecting measuring cup No. 2, and the Artemisia ordosica is not detected in a collecting measuring cup No. 1 and a collecting measuring cup No. 3-5; the piperonyl containing target components is detected in a collecting measuring cup No. 3, and piperonyl is not detected in a collecting measuring cup No. 1-2 and a collecting measuring cup No. 4-5; the No. 4 collecting measuring cup detects citronellol containing target components, and the No. 1-3 collecting measuring cup does not detect citronellol; the collection measuring cup No. 5 detects the alpha-terpineol acetate containing the target component, and the collection measuring cups No. 1-4 do not detect the alpha-terpineol acetate.
The mass of the raw dew in the 5 collection measuring cups and the mass content of the target component in each collection measuring cup obtained in this example are shown in the following table 4.
Table 4:
| sequence number | Temperature rise (DEG C) | Residence time (min) | Substance name | Molecular formula | Original dew quality (g) | Target component relative content (%) |
| 1 | 35 | 10.3 | Cryptone | C 9 H 14 O | 910 | 0.47 |
| 2 | 37 | 14.8 | Artemisia selengensis brain | C 10 H 12 O | 1360 | 0.53 |
| 3 | 39 | 10.5 | Piper-kene | C 10 H 16 O | 971 | 1.22 |
| 4 | 42 | 5.5 | Citronellol | C 10 H 20 O | 1257 | 0.11 |
| 5 | 44 | 5.8 | Alpha-terpineol acetate | C 12 H 20 O 2 | 846 | 0.39 |
The results show that the method can separate and extract the raw dew containing target components such as the cryptoketone, the estragole, the piperonyl, the citronellol, the alpha-terpineol acetate and the like respectively, and provides a basis for the subsequent targeted utilization of the raw dew of each target component.
Comparative example 1
(1) Selecting 15Kg of fresh Chinese prickly ash, cleaning, draining, drying and crushing to obtain Chinese prickly ash powder paste; the pricklyash peel is purchased from Sichuan yash.
(2) Adding 120 liters of cold water into the pricklyash powder paste, soaking overnight, and distilling with steam for 12 hours the next day;
(3) Collecting volatile oil from separating funnel, standing, and removing water to obtain yellowish clear oily substance.
The mass of the oil and the mass content of each target component are shown in the following table 5 after detection:
table 5:
| sequence number | Substance name | Molecular formula | Concentrated liquid quality (g) | Target component relative content (%) |
| 1 | Cryptone | C 9 H 14 O | 250 | 1.40 |
| 2 | Artemisia selengensis brain | C 10 H 12 O | 250 | 2.45 |
| 3 | Piper-kene | C 10 H 16 O | 250 | 3.81 |
| 4 | Citronellol | C 10 H 20 O | 250 | 0.05 |
| 5 | Alpha-terpineol acetate | C 12 H 20 O 2 | 250 | 1.13 |
Since the precipitate (raw dew) of Table 4 is rich in moisture, the total mass of the targeted ingredients of Table 4 is higher than the total mass of the targeted ingredients of Table 5, although the mass percentage of the targeted ingredients is lower than that of the targeted ingredients of Table 5.
Example 3
The process for extracting gastrodia elata raw juice by adopting the equipment in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps of:
1) Drawing materials: selecting 15Kg of fresh gastrodia elata, cleaning, draining, and feeding on a machine; the rhizoma Gastrodiae is purchased from Yunnan Zhaotong.
2) Feeding and mechanically detecting: the gastrodia elata is put in from a putting port of the equipment reaction kettle 100, the rotating material container 1022 is started while putting in, the rotating speed of the rotating material container 1022 is controlled at 10rpm, materials are uniformly distributed among the partition plates 1023, after putting in, the bin is closed, the door is sealed for machine inspection, a self-inspection program is started to check whether the opening and closing of the valves of the pipelines of the components are normal or not, and after the components are normal, the equipment is opened downwards to operate.
3) Vacuum and heating: after the self-checking is finished, the vacuum pump 401 is started, the vacuum degree in the material accommodating space 1026 and the condensing device 200 reaches-0.1 MPa, and then the infrared heating part 1024 and the condensing device 200 are started, and the infrared wavelength is set to be 1.4 mu m, and the power is 44kW.
4) Condensing and sub-packaging: the distilled gaseous molecules enter a condensing device 200 filled with a strong conduction medium from an extraction precipitation port 1029, and liquid raw dew flowing out from an outlet of the condensing device flows into a liquid storage tank 300 from light to heavy according to the molecular mass and is received by different collecting measuring cups 304; when the temperature rises to 34 ℃, the raw dew condensed by the separated steam mainly contains p-cresol at the temperature for 7.5min, the extraction separation control valve 203 of the liquid storage tank 300 is closed, the finished product liquid control valve 302 is opened, and the raw dew in the liquid storage tank 300 is discharged into the collecting measuring cup 304 at the lower end; at this time, the finished product liquid control valve 302 is closed again, the extraction precipitation control valve 203 is opened, the temperature is continuously increased to 36 ℃ and stays for 9.2min, the original dew of the precipitated substance molecules is vaporized and condensed to mainly contain artesenol, the extraction precipitation control valve 203 of the liquid storage tank 300 is closed again, the finished product liquid control valve 302 is opened, and the original dew in the liquid storage tank 300 is discharged into a new collecting measuring cup 304 at the lower end; closing the finished product liquid control valve 302 again, opening the extraction precipitation control valve 203, continuously heating to 43 ℃ and staying for 11.5min, wherein the precipitated vapor condensed raw dew mainly contains methyl tridecanoate, closing the extraction precipitation control valve 203 of the liquid storage tank 300, opening the finished product liquid control valve 302, and discharging the raw dew in the liquid storage tank 300 into a collecting measuring cup 304 at the lower end; referring to Table 6, the temperature and residence time of the temperature rise in this example are shown, and finally raw dew containing 3 different target components such as p-cresol, estragole and methyl tridecanoate is separated out;
When the precipitate is completely extracted, the dried bed charge and the waste liquid are respectively emptied through the drain 1028.
5) Cleaning and drying: and closing the bin body door of the rotary heating part 102 and the valves of all pipelines, cleaning weak acid, clear water, weak base and clear water in sequence, and flushing all the inner walls and the pipelines by hot blast.
Detecting original exposure target components in No. 1-3 collecting measuring cups by using standard substances of paracresol, estragole and methyl tridecanoate respectively, wherein the results show that the No. 1 collecting measuring cup detects paracresol containing the target components, and the No. 2-3 collecting measuring cup does not detect paracresol; the estragole containing the target component is detected in the collecting measuring cup No. 2, while the estragole is not detected in the collecting measuring cups No. 1 and No. 3; the collection measuring cup 3 detects the methyl tridecanoate containing the target component, and the collection measuring cup 1-2 does not detect the methyl tridecanoate.
The mass of the raw dew in the 3 collection measuring cups obtained in this example and the mass content of the target component in each collection measuring cup are shown in table 6 below.
Table 6:
| sequence number | Temperature rise (DEG C) | Residence time (min) | Substance name | Molecular formula | Original dew quality (g) | Target component relative content (%) |
| 1 | 34 | 7.5 | Para-cresol | C 7 H 8 O | 875 | 0.34 |
| 2 | 36 | 9.2 | Artemisia selengensis brain | C 10 H 12 O | 1160 | 0.13 |
| 3 | 43 | 11.5 | Tridecyl acid methyl ester | C 14 H 28 O 2 | 1092 | 0.17 |
The results show that the raw dew containing target components such as p-cresol, estragole, methyl tridecanoate and the like can be separated accurately, and a foundation is provided for the subsequent targeted utilization of the raw dew of each target component.
Comparative example 2
(1) Selecting 15Kg of fresh gastrodia elata, cleaning, draining, drying and crushing to obtain gastrodia elata powder paste; the rhizoma Gastrodiae is purchased from Yunnan Zhaotong;
(2) Adding cold water 135L into the gastrodia elata powder paste, soaking overnight, and distilling for 8 hours by using steam in the next day;
(3) Collecting volatile oil from a separating funnel, and standing to obtain an extraction mixture;
(4) Adding anhydrous sodium sulfate, standing, removing water, and collecting colorless transparent oily substance.
The quality of the oil and the mass content of each target component are shown in the following table 7 after detection:
table 7:
| sequence number | Substance name | Molecular formula | Concentrated extract quality (g) | Target component relative content (%) |
| 1 | Para-cresol | C 7 H 8 O | 39 | 2.98 |
| 2 | Artemisia selengensis brain | C 10 H 12 O | 39 | 0.45 |
| 3 | Tridecyl acid methyl ester | C 14 H 28 O 2 | 39 | 0.67 |
Since the precipitate (raw dew) of Table 6 is rich in moisture, the total mass of the targeted ingredients of Table 6 is higher than the total mass of the targeted ingredients of Table 7, although the mass percentage of the targeted ingredients is lower than that of the targeted ingredients of Table 7.
Example 4
The process for extracting echinacea raw juice by using the equipment described in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
1) Drawing materials: selecting 15Kg of fresh echinacea, cleaning, draining, and feeding on a machine; the Echinacea is purchased from Jiangsu Nantong.
2) Feeding and mechanically detecting: the Echinacea is put in from the putting port of the equipment reaction kettle 100, the rotary material container 1022 is started while putting in, the rotating speed of the rotary material container 1022 is controlled at 10rpm, materials are uniformly distributed among the partition plates 1023, after putting in, the bin is closed, the door is sealed for machine inspection, a self-inspection program is started to check whether the opening and closing of the valves of the pipelines of the components are normal or not, and the equipment is opened downwards to operate after the components are normal and ready.
3) Vacuum and heating: after the self-checking is finished, the vacuum pump 401 is started, the vacuum degree in the material accommodating space 1026 and the condensing device 200 reaches-0.1 MPa, and then the infrared heating part 1024 and the condensing device 200 are started, and the infrared wavelength is set to be 1.2 mu m, and the power is 42kW.
4) Condensing and sub-packaging: the distilled gaseous molecules enter a condensing device 200 filled with a strong conduction medium from an extraction precipitation port 1029, and liquid raw dew flowing out from an outlet of the condensing device flows into a liquid storage tank 300 from light to heavy according to the molecular mass and is received by different collecting measuring cups 304; when the temperature rises to 35.5 ℃, the raw dew condensed by the separated steam mainly contains phenethyl alcohol at the temperature for 8.2min, an extraction separation control valve 203 of a liquid storage tank 300 is closed, a finished product liquid control valve 302 is opened, and the raw dew in the liquid storage tank 300 is discharged into a collecting measuring cup 304 at the lower end; at this time, the finished product liquid control valve 302 is closed again, the extraction precipitation control valve 203 is opened, the temperature is continuously increased to 37.5 ℃ and the temperature stays for 8.8min, the original liquid of the vaporization and condensation of the substance molecules precipitated in the section mainly contains 1-cis-verbenol, the extraction precipitation control valve 203 of the liquid storage tank 300 is closed again, the finished product liquid control valve 302 is opened, and the original liquid in the liquid storage tank 300 is discharged into a new collecting measuring cup 304 at the lower end; closing the finished product liquid control valve 302 again, opening the extraction precipitation control valve 203, continuously rising to 39.5 ℃ and staying for 9.8min, wherein the precipitated vapor condensed raw dew mainly contains L-abietyl alcohol, closing the extraction precipitation control valve 203 of the liquid storage tank 300, opening the finished product liquid control valve 302, and discharging the raw dew in the liquid storage tank 300 into a collecting measuring cup 304 at the lower end; closing the finished product liquid control valve 302 again, opening the extraction precipitation control valve 203, continuously rising to 43.5 ℃ and staying for 7.3min, wherein the precipitated vapor condensed raw dew mainly contains methyl tridecanoate, closing the extraction precipitation control valve 203 of the liquid storage tank 300, opening the finished product liquid control valve 302, and discharging the raw dew in the liquid storage tank 300 into a collecting measuring cup 304 at the lower end; referring to Table 8, the temperature and residence time of the temperature rise in this example are shown, and finally raw dew containing 4 different target components such as phenethyl alcohol, 1-cis-verbenol, L-abietyl apigenin and methyl tridecanoate is separated out;
When the precipitate is completely extracted, the dried bed charge and the waste liquid are respectively emptied through the drain 1028.
5) Cleaning and drying: and closing the bin body door of the rotary heating part 102 and the valves of all pipelines, cleaning weak acid, clear water, weak base and clear water in sequence, and flushing all the inner walls and the pipelines by hot blast.
Respectively taking phenethyl alcohol, 1-cis-verbenol, L-abietyl apigenin and methyl tridecanoate as standard substances, and respectively detecting original dew components in No. 1-4 collecting measuring cups, wherein the results show that the phenethyl alcohol containing target components is detected in No. 1 collecting measuring cups, and the phenethyl alcohol is not detected in No. 2-4 collecting measuring cups; detecting that 1-cis-verbenol containing target components is detected in a No. 2 collecting measuring cup, and detecting that L-abietyl alcohol is not detected in No. 1 collecting measuring cups and No. 3-4 collecting measuring cups; the collecting measuring cup No. 3 detects L-abietyl alcohol containing target components, and the collecting measuring cup No. 1-2 and the collecting cup No. 4 do not detect 1-cis-verbenol; the collection measuring cup No. 4 detects the methyl tridecanoate containing the target component, and the collection measuring cups No. 1-3 does not detect the methyl tridecanoate.
The mass of the raw dew in the 4 collection measuring cups and the mass content of the target component in each collection measuring cup obtained in this example are shown in the following table 8.
Table 8:
| sequence number | Temperature rise (DEG C) | Residence time (min) | Substance name | Molecular formula | Original dew quality (g) | Target component relative content (%) |
| 1 | 35.5 | 8.2 | Phenethyl alcohol | C 8 H 10 O | 862 | 0.09 |
| 2 | 37.5 | 9.8 | 1-cis-verbenol | C 10 H 14 O | 1083 | 0.16 |
| 3 | 39.5 | 8.8 | L-abietyl alcohol | C 10 H 16 O | 1159 | 0.07 |
| 4 | 43.5 | 7.3 | Tridecyl acid methyl ester | C 14 H 28 O 2 | 941 | 0.04 |
The results show that the method can separate the raw dew containing the target components such as phenethyl alcohol, 1-cis-verbenol, L-abietyl apigenin, methyl tridecanoate and the like accurately, and provides a basis for the subsequent targeted utilization of the raw dew of each target component.
Comparative example 3
(1) Selecting 15Kg of fresh echinacea, cleaning, draining, drying and crushing to obtain echinacea pollen paste; the echinacea is purchased from Jiangsu Nantong;
(2) Adding cold water for 120L into the echinacea pollen paste, soaking overnight, and distilling with steam for 10h the next day;
(3) Collecting volatile oil from separating funnel, standing, and removing water to obtain yellow oily substance.
The mass of the resulting oil and the mass content of each targeted component therein were examined as shown in table 9 below:
table 9:
| sequence number | Substance name | Molecular formula | Concentrated liquid quality (g) | Target component content (%) |
| 1 | Phenethyl alcohol | C 8 H 10 O | 28 | 0.12 |
| 2 | 1-cis-verbenol | C 10 H 14 O | 28 | 0.78 |
| 3 | L-abietyl alcohol | C 10 H 16 O | 28 | 0.65 |
| 4 | Tridecyl acid methyl ester | C 14 H 28 O 2 | 28 | 0.00 |
Since the precipitate (raw dew) of Table 8 is rich in moisture, the total mass of the targeted ingredients of Table 8 is higher than the total mass of the targeted ingredients of Table 9, although the mass percentage of the targeted ingredients is lower than that of the targeted ingredients of Table 9.
The results of examples 2-4 above show that the plant raw juice can be extracted by the device of the invention, the raw juice containing the molecular segments of each target substance can be effectively and accurately separated, the time consumption is short, and the extraction rate is high. By adopting a common distillation extraction method, products with similar properties in the extract are difficult to separate accurately, and the content of each target substance component is lower, so that the extraction effect is poor.
Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and that the simple modification and equivalent substitution of the technical solution of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An infrared heating-based plant raw juice extraction process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Drawing materials: selecting fresh plant raw materials, cleaning and draining; or selecting dry plant raw materials, rehydrating, soaking and fully swelling;
2) Feeding: the raw materials are put in from a putting port of the equipment reaction kettle, and a rotary liner is started to carry out feeding;
3) Vacuum and heating: starting a vacuum pump after the inspection is finished, enabling the vacuum degree of the material accommodating space and the condensing device to be minus 0.05 to minus 0.2MPa, and then starting an infrared heating part and the condensing device, wherein the wavelength of infrared heating is 0.5-3.0 mu m, and the power is 20-80 kW;
4) Extracting raw dew: the liquid raw dew flows into a liquid storage tank from light to heavy according to the molecular weight, when the temperature rises to the initial boiling point temperature, the liquid is kept for 2 to 20 minutes at the temperature, an extraction and precipitation control valve of the liquid storage tank is closed, a finished product liquid control valve is opened, and the raw dew in the liquid storage tank is discharged into a collecting measuring cup at the lower end; at the moment, the finished product liquid control valve is closed again, the extraction precipitation control valve is opened, the temperature is continuously increased by 1-10 ℃, the residence time is 2-20 minutes, the extraction precipitation control valve of the liquid storage tank is closed again, the finished product liquid control valve is opened, and the original dew in the liquid storage tank is discharged into a new collecting measuring cup at the lower end; closing the finished product liquid control valve again, opening the extraction precipitation control valve, continuously increasing the temperature to 1-10 ℃ and staying for 2-20 minutes, closing the extraction precipitation control valve of the liquid storage tank, opening the finished product liquid control valve, and discharging the raw dew in the liquid storage tank into a collecting measuring cup at the lower end;
heating for several times sequentially according to the steps, separating out plant raw juice in a segmented way, and respectively emptying the dried bottom materials and the waste liquid from the lower end when the plant raw juice is completely extracted;
wherein the plant is fructus Zanthoxyli, rhizoma Gastrodiae or Echinacea purpurea;
when the plant is pepper, the raw dew comprises one or more of cryptotone, estragole, piperonyl, citronellol and alpha-terpineol acetate;
When the plant is rhizoma Gastrodiae, the raw juice comprises one or more of paracresol, estragole, and methyl tridecanoate;
when the plant is Echinacea purpurea, the raw juice comprises one or more of phenethyl alcohol, 1-cis-verbenol, L-abietyl apigenin and methyl tridecanoate.
2. The extraction process of claim 1, wherein: and 2, rotating the rotary liner at a rotating speed of 6-10 rpm.
3. The extraction process of claim 1, wherein: the wavelength of the infrared heating in the step 3 is 1.0-2.0 mu m, and the power is 40-60 kW.
4. The extraction process of claim 1, wherein:
when the original dew of the pepper is the cryptotone, the temperature is raised to 35 ℃ and the residence time is 10-11 min;
when the original dew of the pepper is estragole, the temperature is raised to 37 ℃ and the residence time is 14-15 min;
when the original dew of the pepper is piperonyl, the temperature is raised to 39 ℃ and the residence time is 10-11 min;
when the original juice of the pepper is citronellol, the temperature is increased to 42 ℃ and the residence time is 5-6 min;
when the original juice of the pepper is alpha-terpineol acetate, the temperature is increased to 44 ℃ and the residence time is 5-6 min.
5. The extraction process of claim 1, wherein:
When the raw juice of the gastrodia elata is p-cresol, the heating temperature is 34 ℃, and the residence time is 7-8 min;
when the original dew of the gastrodia elata is estragole, the temperature is raised to 36 ℃ and the residence time is 9-10 min;
when the original juice of the gastrodia elata is methyl tridecanoate, the temperature is raised to be 43 ℃, and the residence time is 11-12 min.
6. The extraction process of claim 1, wherein:
when the original dew of the echinacea is phenethyl alcohol, the temperature is raised to 35.5 ℃ and the residence time is 8-9 min;
when the original dew of the echinacea is 1-cis-verbenol, the temperature is raised to 37.5 ℃ and the residence time is 9-10 min;
when the raw juice of the echinacea is L-abietyl alcohol, the temperature is raised to 39.5 ℃ and the residence time is 8-9 min;
when the original dew of the echinacea is methyl tridecanoate, the temperature is raised to 43.5 ℃ and the residence time is 7-8 min.
7. An apparatus for use in the plant raw juice extraction process of claim 1, said apparatus comprising: a reaction kettle, a condensing device and a liquid storage tank; wherein,
the reaction kettle comprises a shell and a rotary heating part, wherein the rotary heating part is arranged in the shell;
the rotary heating part comprises a rotary material container, an infrared heating part and an isolation heat conduction layer, a material accommodating space is formed between the rotary material container and the isolation heat conduction layer, and the infrared heating part is arranged at the inner side of the isolation heat conduction layer;
The reaction kettle further comprises a sealing structure, the rotary heating part is arranged in the sealing structure, and the air pressure in the sealing structure can be regulated;
the device also comprises a vacuum pump, wherein the vacuum pump is connected with the sealing structure and the liquid storage tank;
the lower end of the liquid storage tank is also provided with a collecting measuring cup for storing the raw dew flowing out of the liquid storage tank;
the device further comprises a cleaning pipeline which is connected with the rotary heating part and the liquid storage tank.
8. The plant raw juice extraction process apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: the rotary material container is internally provided with a partition plate which is uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the rotary material container and extends from the inner wall of the rotary material container to the center of the rotary material container;
an extraction and separation outlet is arranged on the upper side of the sealing structure and is connected with a condensing device;
the condensing device comprises a condensing module, an extraction precipitation pipeline and a gas flowmeter, and is connected with the liquid storage tank;
an extraction precipitation pipeline, a gas flowmeter and an extraction precipitation control valve are arranged between the extraction precipitation outlet and the condensation module;
the liquid storage tank upper end sets up the electron level gauge, and the liquid storage tank lower extreme sets up the finished product liquid control valve, and the former dew in the liquid storage tank can be controlled to the finished product liquid control valve flows, the finished product liquid control valve lower extreme sets up and collects the graduated flask, collects the graduated flask and is used for storing the former dew that flows out the liquid storage tank.
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| 天然植物粗提物对蓝莓贮运病菌的抑制效果;王伟;阳秀莲;袁洪艳;林树花;张菊华;;食品工业科技;20170818(23);全文 * |
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