CN116589313A - A kind of preparation method of organic compost - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of organic compost. The method adopts the compounded fungus and fermentation auxiliary agent to reduce the odor of the mixture mainly comprising cow dung after fermentation, shorten the fermentation period and reduce the harmful fungus and ovum in the cow dung; the fertilizer efficiency is not easy to be reduced due to rain wash by the special adhesive additive, and amino acid in the fertilizer can be prevented from being oxidized by illumination; the organic fertilizer particles are also coated by using a chelating synergistic coating agent which contains trace elements and has a slow release function. The organic compost prepared by the invention has the characteristics of short fermentation time, less harmful bacteria and ova, easy absorption by crops, lasting fertilizer efficiency and comprehensive nutrition.

Description

A kind of preparation method of organic compost

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizers, in particular to a method for preparing organic compost.

Background technique

Amino acid fertilizer is a new type of organic fertilizer that uses animal-derived amino acids or plant-derived amino acids as a substrate, and uses its high affinity with plants and the promotion of plant growth and development to improve crop yield and quality. This kind of fertilizer can not only maintain the slow release and full utilization of a large number of elements, but also ensure the stable and long-term effect of trace elements. It has the good effect of enhancing plant respiration, improving plant redox process, and promoting plant metabolism. It can promote photosynthesis and the formation of chlorophyll, and can significantly promote and activate physiological and biochemical processes such as oxidation activity, enzyme activity, seed germination, nutrient absorption, and root growth and development. Especially its affinity with plants is unmatched by any other substance.

With the rapid development of the cattle industry, feces pollution has become a major problem. According to relevant data, in some places, the pollution of cow dung to the environment has exceeded the total amount of industrial pollution, and some have even exceeded 2 times. A dairy cow produces more than 7 tons of manure every year, and a yellow cow produces between 5 and 6 tons of manure. Due to the general lack of attention to the treatment of cow dung in various places, some places where cattle are more concentrated basically do not have cow dung treatment facilities. This causes cow dung to be piled up everywhere, especially in the south. Every summer, the smell is so bad that it not only has a negative impact on the normal life of the surrounding residents. At the same time, cow dung is also the source of a variety of bacterial pathogens. has serious implications. In addition, when raw cow dung is put on the ground, it generates heat, consumes soil oxygen, causes burning of roots and seedlings, and also spreads parasite eggs and pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, cow manure treatment is very important. In addition, after the amino acid organic fertilizer is applied, the amino acid in it is easily washed away by rain or damaged by light before it is absorbed by the crops, which causes a lot of waste. Amino acid organic fertilizer is rich in a variety of nutrients, but trace elements are still lacking, and trace elements are easily fixed by the soil or form insoluble substances with other components, which cannot be absorbed by crops.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an organic fertilizer that has short fermentation time, low content of harmful bacteria and insect eggs, is not easy to be oxidized, is not easy to reduce fertilizer efficiency due to rain erosion, contains trace elements and has long fertilizer effect time.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention comprises the following steps:

A kind of preparation method of organic compost is:

1) Compost:

Mix 40-50 parts of cow dung, 15-20 parts of soybean meal, 10-20 parts of biogas residue, 0.5-0.7 parts of fermentation aids, and 2-3 parts of activated bacteria liquid, and keep the temperature of the fermentation environment above 15°C. Fermentation is carried out in a fermentation tank with a width of 3m and a height of 2m, and the preparation of the fermentation pile is completed;

3) flipping:

Measure the internal temperature of the fermentation heap every day. After the temperature exceeds 70°C, use an organic fertilizer turning and throwing machine to throw it once. When the fermentation temperature of the two measurements is below 45°C, the fermentation is complete;

4) Crush:

The fermented organic fertilizer is pulverized and passed through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain the fermented material;

5) Granulation coating:

Mix the above fermented materials and viscous additives at a ratio of 2:1, put them into a low-temperature organic fertilizer granulator for granulation, and then coat a layer of chelating synergistic coating agent in a fluidized bed to obtain an organic compost.

Wherein, the preparation method of activated bacterial liquid is:

Add 1 part of Aspergillus oryzae, 1 part of lactic acid bacteria, 1 part of saccharomyces, and 2 parts of Bacillus into 10 parts of 10% brown sugar water, stir evenly, and place in an environment with a temperature of 28-32°C for 12 hours to obtain the activated bacterial liquid.

Wherein, the preparation method of fermentation aid is:

Add 1-2 parts of double cocoalkylamine to 1-2 parts of distilled water at 30-40°C, disperse at a high speed of 1200r/min for 3-5min, then add 3-5 parts of sucrose acetate isobutyrate, and continue to Emulsify and disperse at a rate of 320r/min for 3-5min to obtain the fermentation aid.

Wherein, step 3) the specific method of granulation coating is:

i. Mix the fermented material and viscous additive 2:1 evenly and transport it to the low-temperature organic fertilizer granulator, select a mold with an aperture of 8-10mm, and collect organic fertilizer particles at the discharge port;

ii. Put the above-mentioned organic fertilizer particles into the material port of the fluidized bed, add a chelating synergistic coating agent with a mass volume ratio of the organic fertilizer particles of 1:1, set the fluidized bed flow rate to 1-2m/s, and the temperature to be 40- At 50°C, turn on the blower and adjust the nozzle pressure to 1-1.2Mpa, and continue drying at the outlet for 5-10 minutes to obtain an amino acid organic fertilizer.

Wherein, the preparation method of viscous additive is:

a. Rice straw pretreatment:

Cut the rice straw into sections, wash it with distilled water, cook it at 100°C for 1-2 hours, take it out, dry it and grind it through a 30-mesh sieve to get the rice straw powder;

b. Alkali treatment:

Submerge rice straw powder in 30% NaOH solution, stir and react at 70-75°C at a rate of 350r/min for 2h, centrifuge and wash until neutral;

c. Acid treatment:

Submerge the alkali-treated rice straw powder in 30% sodium chlorite solution, use 30% acetic acid solution to adjust the pH to 3.5, place it in a constant temperature water bath and stir at a rate of 350r/min at 50-60°C Reaction 2h;

d. Washing:

Washing the acid-treated rice straw powder with distilled water for 2-3 times, drying the water at 80-90°C to obtain the rice straw cellulose;

d. mix:

The viscous additive is obtained by mixing 10-15 parts of rice straw cellulose, 5-7 parts of tea leaves and 1-2 parts of grape seeds evenly, crushing and passing through a 60-mesh sieve.

Wherein, the preparation method of chelating synergistic coating agent is:

I. Weigh 10-12 parts of 1,4-dithioerythritol and add 10-15 parts of distilled water, then place it in a constant temperature water bath at 60-65°C, stir and dissolve at a rate of 350r/min for 10 -15min, add 6-8 parts of elemental additives, then increase the temperature to 80-85°C, adjust the stirring speed to 80r/min, and continue stirring for 20-25min to obtain the chelate solution;

II. Add 3-5 parts of N-ethylmaleimide to 5-7 parts of 70% ethanol solution, disperse at a high speed of 1200r/min for 5min, then mix with the above chelate solution, continue Disperse at a high speed of 3000r/min for 10 minutes to obtain the chelating synergistic coating agent.

Among them, the element additives are calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, copper and boron.

Among them, the addition form of element additives: calcium element is calcium nitrate, calcium chloride or calcium acetate; magnesium element is magnesium nitrate, magnesium chloride or magnesium sulfate; zinc element is zinc acetate, zinc nitrate or zinc chloride; iron element is heptahydrate Ferrous sulfate or ferric chloride; copper element is copper nitrate or copper sulfate; boron element is sodium tetraborate decahydrate.

The features of the present invention are:

1) The traditional stacking and retting method of cow dung has a slow fermentation speed and cannot completely decompose the cow dung. After being applied to the farmland, secondary fermentation is prone to occur, resulting in the phenomenon of burning roots and seedlings; cow dung fermentation is an aerobic fermentation and requires nutrients Material, temperature, and oxygen are all up to the standard to fully ferment and decompose. Cow dung itself has high moisture and poor air permeability, which makes it difficult to carry out aerobic fermentation. Other materials with high fluffiness must be selected to ferment together with it. The present invention uses soybean meal and biogas residue and cow dung Co-fermentation to play the role of regulating moisture, aeration and changing the carbon-nitrogen ratio.

2) The fermentation aid that the present invention adopts has special effect, and wherein double coconut oil alkyl amine has certain desinsection effect, although can't directly kill worm's egg, the high temperature that cooperates fermentation to produce can be effective to the wax on the surface of worm's egg damage to the stratum, thereby further killing the insects, and low doses of double cocoalkylamine can promote plant root growth and branching, and can also improve the resistance of plants to adverse environments. At the same time, double cocoalkylamine has Very good heat resistance, it will not fail due to the increase of fermentation temperature. After the fermentation conditions are good, it is also beneficial to the growth of harmful bacteria and insect eggs. Once the fermentation cycle is too long and harmful bacteria take the lead, most of the nutrients will be lost. Therefore, the present invention uses sucrose acetate isobutyrate to promote the growth of beneficial bacteria and inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria. The characteristics of bacterial growth make the rapid proliferation of fungi and accelerate the fermentation speed. At the same time, sucrose acetate isobutyrate also has emulsifying properties, so that the hydrophobic double cocoalkylamine can be better dispersed.

3) After the amino acid organic fertilizer is applied, before the amino acid is absorbed by the crops, it is easy to be washed away by the rain or the structure is damaged by the light, which causes a lot of waste. In order to reduce waste and reduce the number of repeated fertilization, this The invention uses straw cellulose mixed with fermented materials rich in amino acids, and the straw cellulose can become sticky when it meets water, and stick to the soil, which can prevent the fertilizer from being washed away by rain.

4) Tea leaves are usually discarded, but they contain antioxidants such as polyphenolic compounds and catechins, which can be used to extract natural antioxidants. In addition, tea leaves also contain a variety of trace elements, such as iron, zinc, molybdenum, manganese, etc., which can promote the growth and development of plants. At the same time, tea dregs also contain organic matter, which can improve soil structure, enhance soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, and help plant root development and nutrient absorption. However, using tea dregs alone will make the soil alkaline and affect crop growth. Therefore, the present invention reproduces With grape seeds, the organic acids and tannins in grape seeds can neutralize the alkalinity of tea leaves. Grape seeds are wastes in the production process of wine or grape juice, and grape seeds are rich in flavonoids and proanthocyanidins, etc. A variety of antioxidants, combined with tea leaves to further prevent amino acids from being oxidized by light.

5) More than 50% of the soil in our country lacks medium and trace elements, which directly leads to the fact that no amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium supplementation can increase crop yields, but instead leads to crop yield reduction and lower quality of agricultural products. However, if the corresponding trace elements are directly applied, it is easy to be fixed in the soil, difficult to be absorbed and utilized by crops, and it is easy to antagonize with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Chelated trace elements can be used to avoid the above situation. Compared with other similar chelating fertilizers, one of the advantages of sugar alcohol as a chelating agent is that after chelating with trace elements, it can carry target elements for transportation in the phloem of plants, improve the mobility of mineral elements, and alleviate the symptoms of plant deficiency. Sugar alcohols are also major photosynthetic products of many plants. It can regulate the growth and development of plants to different extents, improve the ability of plants to cope with stress, and the exogenous application of sugar alcohols can also provide carbon nutrition for plants. Compared with conventional sugar alcohols, the 1,4-dithioerythritol used in the present invention contains two mercapto groups and epoxy groups, which endow it with higher chelating properties, but the mercapto groups themselves are easily oxidized, so The invention is compounded with N-ethylmaleimide, which not only has the function of protecting the sulfhydryl group from being oxidized, but also increases the hydrophobicity of the film, delays the disintegration time of the film, and plays a slow-release effect. It can control a variety of plant diseases, including gray mold, downy mildew, powdery mildew and so on.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.

The raw materials or chemical reagents used in the examples of the present invention are obtained through conventional commercial channels unless otherwise specified.

Example 1

This embodiment includes the following steps:

A kind of preparation method of organic compost is:

1) Prepare the activated bacteria solution:

Add 1kg of Aspergillus oryzae, 1kg of lactic acid bacteria, 1kg of yeast, and 2kg of Bacillus into 10L of 10% brown sugar water, stir evenly, and place it in an environment with a temperature of 28-32°C for 12 hours to obtain the activated bacterial liquid;

2) Preparation of fermentation aids:

Add 150g of double cocoalkylamine into 1.5L of distilled water at 35°C, disperse at a high speed of 1200r/min for 4min, then add 400g of sucrose acetate isobutyrate, and continue to emulsify and disperse at a speed of 320r/min for 4min to obtain the fermentation aid agent;

3) Preparation of viscous additives:

Cut rice straw into sections, wash with distilled water, cook at 100°C for 1.5h, remove, dry and pulverize through a 30-mesh sieve to obtain rice straw powder; immerse the rice straw powder in 30% NaOH solution and heat at 73°C Stir and react at a rate of 350r/min for 2h, centrifuge and wash until neutral for later use; immerse the alkali-treated rice straw powder in 30% sodium chlorite solution, use 30% acetic acid solution to adjust the pH to 3.5, and place Stir and react in a constant temperature water bath at 55°C at a rate of 350r/min for 2h; wash the acid-treated rice straw powder twice with distilled water and dry the water at 85°C to obtain rice straw cellulose; Straw cellulose, 6kg of tea leaves and 1.5kg of grape seeds are evenly mixed and crushed through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain the viscous additive;

4) Preparation of chelating synergistic coating agent:

Weigh 11kg of 1,4-dithioerythritol and add it to 130L of distilled water, then place it in a constant temperature water bath at 63°C, stir and dissolve at a speed of 350r/min for 13min, add 7.2kg of elemental additives: including 1.2 kg calcium nitrate, 1.2kg magnesium chloride, 1.2kg zinc acetate, 1.2kg ferric chloride, 1.2kg copper sulfate, 1.2kg sodium tetraborate decahydrate, then raise the temperature to 83°C, adjust the stirring speed to 80r/min, continue Stir for 23 minutes to obtain a chelate solution; add 4kg of N-ethylmaleimide into 60L of 70% ethanol solution, disperse at a high speed of 1200r/min for 5min, and then mix with the above chelate solution , and continue to disperse at a high speed of 3000r/min for 10 minutes to obtain a chelating synergistic coating agent;

5) Composting:

Mix and stir 45kg of cow dung, 17kg of soybean meal, 15kg of biogas residue, 600ml of fermentation aids, and 2.5L of activated bacterial liquid, keep the temperature of the fermentation environment above 15°C, and stack them in a fermentation tank with a width of 3m and a height of 2m for fermentation;

6) Fermentation and crushing:

After 9.5 days of fermentation, the fermented organic fertilizer is pulverized and passed through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain the fermented material;

7) Granulation coating:

Mix 20kg of fermented materials and 10kg of viscous additives evenly at 2:1 and transport them to a low-temperature organic fertilizer granulator. Use a mold with a 9mm aperture to collect organic fertilizer particles at the discharge port; put the above-mentioned organic fertilizer particles into the material port of the fluidized bed , add 30L of chelating synergistic coating agent, set the flow rate of the fluidized bed to 1.5m/s, and the temperature to 45°C, turn on the blower and adjust the nozzle pressure to 1.1Mpa, and continue drying at the outlet for 8 minutes to obtain an amino acid organic fertilizer.

Example 2

This embodiment includes the following steps:

A kind of preparation method of organic compost is:

1) Prepare the activated bacteria solution:

Add 1kg of Aspergillus oryzae, 1kg of lactic acid bacteria, 1kg of yeast, and 2kg of Bacillus into 10L of 10% brown sugar water, stir evenly, and place it in an environment with a temperature of 28-32°C for 12 hours to obtain the activated bacterial liquid;

2) Preparation of fermentation aids:

Add 100g of double cocoalkylamine into 1L of distilled water at 35°C, disperse at a high speed of 1200r/min for 4min, then add 300g of sucrose acetate isobutyrate, and continue to emulsify and disperse at a speed of 320r/min for 4min to obtain a fermentation aid ;

3) Preparation of viscous additives:

Cut rice straw into sections, wash with distilled water, cook at 100°C for 1 hour, remove, dry and crush through a 30-mesh sieve to obtain rice straw powder; immerse the rice straw powder in 30% NaOH solution, Stir and react at a rate of 350r/min for 2h, centrifuge and wash until neutral for later use; immerse the alkali-treated rice straw powder in 30% sodium chlorite solution, use 30% acetic acid solution to adjust the pH to 3.5, and place in Stir and react at a rate of 350 r/min in a constant temperature water bath for 2 hours at 50°C; wash the acid-treated rice straw powder twice with distilled water, and then dry the water at 85°C to obtain rice straw cellulose; put 10kg of rice straw The cellulose, 5kg of tea leaves and 1kg of grape seeds are evenly mixed and crushed through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain the viscous additive;

4) Preparation of chelating synergistic coating agent:

Weigh 10kg of 1,4-dithioerythritol and add it to 100L of distilled water, then place it in a constant temperature water bath at 60°C, stir and dissolve at a speed of 350r/min for 10min, add 6kg of elemental additives: including 1kg of nitric acid Calcium, 1kg magnesium chloride, 1kg zinc acetate, 1kg ferric chloride, 1kg copper sulfate, 1kg sodium tetraborate decahydrate, then raise the temperature to 80°C, adjust the stirring rate to 80r/min, and continue stirring for 20min to obtain the chelate Solution; add 3kg of N-ethylmaleimide into 50L of 70% ethanol solution, disperse at a high speed of 1200r/min for 5min, then mix with the above chelate solution, continue to disperse at a speed of 3000r/min High-speed dispersion for 10 minutes to obtain a chelating synergistic coating agent;

5) Composting:

Mix and stir 40kg of cow dung, 15kg of soybean meal, 10kg of biogas residue, 500ml of fermentation aids, and 2L of activated bacterial liquid, keep the temperature of the fermentation environment above 15°C, and stack them in a fermentation tank with a width of 3m and a height of 2m for fermentation;

6) Fermentation and crushing:

After 9 days of fermentation, the fermented organic fertilizer is pulverized and passed through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain the fermented material;

7) Granulation coating:

Mix 20kg of fermented materials and 10kg of viscous additives evenly at 2:1 and transport them to a low-temperature organic fertilizer granulator. Use a mold with a 9mm aperture to collect organic fertilizer particles at the discharge port; put the above-mentioned organic fertilizer particles into the material port of the fluidized bed , add 30L of chelating synergistic coating agent, set the flow rate of the fluidized bed to 1m/s, and the temperature to 40°C, turn on the blower and adjust the nozzle pressure to 1Mpa, and continue to dry the outlet for 5min to obtain an amino acid organic fertilizer.

Example 3

This embodiment includes the following steps:

A kind of preparation method of organic compost is:

1) Prepare the activated bacteria solution:

Add 1kg of Aspergillus oryzae, 1kg of lactic acid bacteria, 1kg of yeast, and 2kg of Bacillus into 10L of 10% brown sugar water, stir evenly, and place it in an environment with a temperature of 28-32°C for 12 hours to obtain the activated bacterial liquid;

2) Preparation of fermentation aids:

Add 200g of double cocoalkylamine into 2L of distilled water at 40°C, disperse at a high speed of 1200r/min for 5min, then add 500g of sucrose acetate isobutyrate, and continue to emulsify and disperse at a speed of 320r/min for 5min to obtain a fermentation aid ;

3) Preparation of viscous additives:

Cut rice straw into sections, wash with distilled water, cook at 100°C for 2 hours, remove, dry and pulverize through a 30-mesh sieve to obtain rice straw powder; immerse the rice straw powder in 30% NaOH solution, and dry at 75°C Stir and react at a rate of 350r/min for 2h, centrifuge and wash until neutral for later use; immerse the alkali-treated rice straw powder in 30% sodium chlorite solution, use 30% acetic acid solution to adjust the pH to 3.5, and place in Stir and react in a constant temperature water bath at 60°C at a rate of 350r/min for 2h; wash the acid-treated rice straw powder twice with distilled water, and then dry the water at 85°C to obtain rice straw cellulose; put 15kg of rice straw The cellulose, 7kg of tea leaves and 2kg of grape seeds are evenly mixed and crushed through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain the viscous additive;

4) Preparation of chelating synergistic coating agent:

Weigh 12kg of 1,4-dithioerythritol and add it to 150L of distilled water, then place it in a constant temperature water bath at 65°C, stir and dissolve at a speed of 350r/min for 15min, add 7.8kg of elemental additives: including 1.3 kg calcium nitrate, 1.3kg magnesium chloride, 1.3kg zinc acetate, 1.3kg ferric chloride, 1.3kg copper sulfate, 1.3kg sodium tetraborate decahydrate, then raise the temperature to 85°C, adjust the stirring speed to 80r/min, continue Stir for 25 minutes to obtain a chelate solution; add 5kg of N-ethylmaleimide into 70L of 70% ethanol solution, disperse at a high speed of 1200r/min for 5min, and then mix with the above chelate solution , and continue to disperse at a high speed of 3000r/min for 10 minutes to obtain a chelating synergistic coating agent;

5) Composting:

Mix and stir 50kg of cow dung, 20kg of soybean meal, 20kg of biogas residue, 700ml of fermentation aids, and 3L of activated bacteria liquid evenly, keep the temperature of the fermentation environment above 15°C, and stack them in a fermentation tank with a width of 3m and a height of 2m for fermentation;

6) Fermentation and crushing:

After 9.5 days of fermentation, the fermented organic fertilizer is pulverized and passed through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain the fermented material;

7) Granulation coating:

Mix 20kg of fermented materials and 10kg of viscous additives evenly at 2:1 and transport them to a low-temperature organic fertilizer granulator. Use a mold with a 9mm aperture to collect organic fertilizer particles at the discharge port; put the above-mentioned organic fertilizer particles into the material port of the fluidized bed , add 30L of chelating synergistic coating agent, set the flow rate of the fluidized bed to 2m/s, and the temperature to 50°C, turn on the blower and adjust the nozzle pressure to 1.2Mpa, and continue drying at the outlet for 10min to obtain an amino acid organic fertilizer.

Comparative example 1

The difference between this comparative example and embodiment 1 is:

Step 2) preparation of fermentation aid:

Add 150g of double cocoalkylamine to 1.5L of distilled water at 35°C, and disperse at a high speed of 1200r/min for 4min to obtain a fermentation aid;

All the other are with embodiment 1.

Comparative example 2

The difference between this comparative example and embodiment 1 is:

Step 2) preparation of fermentation aid:

Add 400g of sucrose acetate isobutyrate into 1.5L of distilled water at 35°C, and disperse at a high speed of 1200r/min for 4min to obtain the fermentation aid;

All the other are with embodiment 1.

Comparative example 3

The difference between this comparative example and embodiment 1 is:

Step 3) prepare viscous additive:

Mix 13kg of high-viscosity loess and 1.5kg of grape seeds evenly and crush them through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain the viscous additive;

All the other are with embodiment 1.

Comparative example 4

The difference between this comparative example and embodiment 1 is:

Step 3) prepare viscous additive:

Cut rice straw into sections, wash with distilled water, cook at 100°C for 1.5h, remove, dry and pulverize through a 30-mesh sieve to obtain rice straw powder; mix 30kg of rice straw powder with 40L of 30% NaOH solution, Stir the reaction at a rate of 350r/min at ℃ for 2 hours, centrifuge and wash until neutral; then add 1L of 30% sodium chlorite solution to the above system, use 30% acetic acid solution to adjust the pH to 3.5, and place in a constant temperature water bath Stir and react in a pot at 55°C at a rate of 350r/min for 2h; wash the acid-treated rice straw powder twice with distilled water and dry the water at 85°C to obtain rice straw cellulose; 13kg of rice straw cellulose , 6kg of tea leaves and 1.5kg of grape seeds were evenly mixed and crushed through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain the viscous additive;

All the other are with embodiment 1.

Comparative example 5

The difference between this comparative example and embodiment 1 is:

Step 3) prepare viscous additive:

Cut rice straw into sections, wash with distilled water, cook at 100°C for 1.5h, remove, dry and pulverize through a 30-mesh sieve to obtain rice straw powder; mix 30kg of rice straw powder with 40L of 30% NaOH solution, Stir the reaction at a rate of 350r/min at ℃ for 2 hours, centrifuge and wash until neutral; then add 1L of 30% sodium chlorite solution to the above system, use 30% acetic acid solution to adjust the pH to 3.5, and place in a constant temperature water bath Stir and react in a pot at 55°C at a rate of 350r/min for 2h; wash the acid-treated rice straw powder twice with distilled water and dry the water at 85°C to obtain rice straw cellulose; 13kg of rice straw cellulose Mix evenly with 6kg of tea dregs and crush through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain the viscous additive;

All the other are with embodiment 1.

Comparative example 6

The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is: step 7) granulation coating:

20kg of fermented materials and 10kg of viscous additives are mixed evenly at a ratio of 2:1 and transported to a low-temperature organic fertilizer granulator. A mold with a pore size of 9mm is selected, and the amino acid organic fertilizer is collected at the outlet;

All the other are with embodiment 1.

Comparative example 7

The difference between this comparative example and embodiment 1 is:

Step 4) prepare chelating synergistic coating agent:

Weigh 11kg of sorbitol and add it to 130L of distilled water, then place it in a constant temperature water bath at 63°C, stir and dissolve at a rate of 350r/min for 13min, add 7.2kg of elemental additives: including 1.2kg of calcium nitrate, 1.2kg of magnesium chloride, 1.2kg zinc acetate, 1.2kg ferric chloride, 1.2kg copper sulfate, 1.2kg sodium tetraborate decahydrate, then raise the temperature to 83°C, adjust the stirring rate to 80r/min, and continue stirring for 23min to obtain a chelate solution ;Add 4kg of N-ethylmaleimide into 60L of 70% ethanol solution, disperse at a high speed of 1200r/min for 5min, then mix with the above chelate solution, and continue at a speed of 3000r/min High-speed dispersion for 10 minutes to obtain a chelating synergistic coating agent;

All the other are with embodiment 1.

Comparative example 8

The difference between this comparative example and embodiment 1 is:

Step 4) prepare chelating synergistic coating agent:

Weigh 11kg of 1,4-dithioerythritol and add it to 130L of distilled water, then place it in a constant temperature water bath at 63°C, stir and dissolve at a speed of 350r/min for 13min, add 7.2kg of elemental additives: including 1.2 kg calcium nitrate, 1.2kg magnesium chloride, 1.2kg zinc acetate, 1.2kg ferric chloride, 1.2kg copper sulfate, 1.2kg sodium tetraborate decahydrate, then raise the temperature to 83°C, adjust the stirring speed to 80r/min, continue Stir for 23 minutes to obtain the chelating synergistic coating agent;

All the other are with embodiment 1.

experiment:

1) Harmful bacteria and worm egg content: According to the standards for the harmless treatment of manure in GB/T 25246-2010, the materials that have been fermented in the preparation of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1-2 are tested: Mortality rate of roundworm eggs The requirement is ≥95%; the fecal coliform value is required to be 10 ^-1 to 10 ^-2 , if it exceeds, it is unqualified, see Table 1;

2) Fermentation time: Record the fermentation time during the preparation of Example 1-3 and Comparative Example 1-2, see Table 1;

3) Anti-rainwater erosion performance: each get 10g of amino acid organic fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 3-5, use the LD-GT80 soil fertilizer nutrient detector to measure the amino acid organic fertilizer nutrients of each group respectively, and then Each group of amino acid organic fertilizers was mixed with 5kg of homogeneous soil and added to the container, then 2L of distilled water was added, stirred and mixed at a speed of 300r/min for 5h, after standing and stratified, the supernatant was used to use LD-GT80 soil fertilizer nutrients The detector is used to measure the ratio of the nutrients dissolved in the supernatant that are not absorbed by the soil to the total nutrients of the fertilizer to represent the anti-rainwater erosion performance of the amino acid organic fertilizer. The larger the ratio, the weaker the anti-rainwater erosion performance, as shown in Table 1;

4) anti-light degradation performance: according to the method for the determination of free amino acid content in the NY/T 1975-2010 standard, the free amino acid content in the amino acid organic fertilizer prepared in Example 1-3 and Comparative Example 4-5 is measured, and then each Group amino acid organic fertilizer is crushed into 60-mesh particles and placed under fluorescent light for 8 hours, then the content of free amino acid is measured again, and the ratio of the content of free amino acid after irradiation to the content of free amino acid before irradiation represents the light protection of amino acid organic fertilizer Degradation performance, the larger the ratio, the stronger the anti-light degradation performance, see Table 1;

5) Slow release performance: according to the method in the NY/T2267-2016 standard, the amino acid organic fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 6-8 were measured, and the 24h initial release rate and 28d release rate of each group of amino acid organic fertilizer nutrients were measured. Cumulative release rate, see Table 1;

6) Determination of effective trace elements: FK-CT04 organic fertilizer trace element detector was used to measure the effective trace elements in the amino acid organic fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 6-8, see Table 2.

Table 1

Table 2

free amino acid content sum of trace elements Example 1 15.6% 0.11% Example 2 16.7% 0.12% Example 3 16.1% 0.12% Comparative example 6 15.1% 0.03% Comparative example 7 15.2% 0.03% Comparative example 8 14.8% 0.05%

Claims (5)

1. A preparation method of organic compost is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

1) And (3) composting:

mixing 40-50 parts of cow dung, 15-20 parts of soybean meal, 10-20 parts of biogas residues, 0.5-0.7 part of fermentation auxiliary agent and 2-3 parts of activated bacteria liquid, uniformly stirring, keeping the fermentation environment temperature above 15 ℃, and stacking in a fermentation tank with the width of 3m and the height of 2m for fermentation, thus completing the preparation of a fermentation pile;

3) Turning and polishing:

measuring the internal temperature of the fermentation pile every day, and turning the fermentation pile once by using an organic fertilizer turning machine after the temperature exceeds 70 ℃, wherein the fermentation is completed when the two fermentation temperatures are below 45 ℃;

4) Crushing:

crushing the fermented organic fertilizer and sieving the crushed organic fertilizer with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a fermented material;

5) Granulating and coating:

uniformly mixing the fermentation material and the viscous additive in a ratio of 2:1, then putting the mixture into a low-temperature organic fertilizer granulator for granulation, and then coating a layer of chelating synergistic coating agent in a fluidized bed to obtain organic compost;

the preparation method of the activated bacterial liquid comprises the following steps:

adding 1 part of aspergillus oryzae, 1 part of lactobacillus, 1 part of saccharomycete and 2 parts of bacillus into 10 parts of 10% brown sugar water, uniformly stirring, and standing for 12 hours at the temperature of 28-32 ℃ to obtain activated bacterial liquid;

the preparation method of the fermentation auxiliary agent comprises the following steps:

adding 1-2 parts of double coco alkylamine into 1-2 parts of distilled water at 30-40 ℃ to disperse at a high speed of 1200r/min for 3-5min, then adding 3-5 parts of sucrose acetate isobutyrate, and continuing to emulsify and disperse at a speed of 320r/min for 3-5min to obtain the fermentation auxiliary agent.

2. The amino acid organic fertilizer and the preparation method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the specific method for granulating and coating in the step 5) comprises the following steps:

i. uniformly mixing the fermentation material and the viscous additive in a ratio of 2:1, then conveying the mixture to a low-temperature organic fertilizer granulator, selecting a die with a pore diameter of 8-10mm, and collecting organic fertilizer particles through a discharge port;

and ii, putting the organic fertilizer particles into a material port of a fluidized bed, adding a chelating synergistic coating agent with the mass volume ratio of the organic fertilizer particles being 1:1, setting the flow rate of the fluidized bed to be 1-2m/s, starting a blower at 40-50 ℃, adjusting the nozzle pressure to be 1-1.2Mpa, and continuously drying the outlet for 5-10min to obtain the organic fertilizer.

3. The amino acid organic fertilizer and the preparation method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the adhesive additive comprises the following steps:

a. pretreatment of rice straw:

cutting rice straw into sections, cleaning with distilled water, steaming at 100deg.C for 1-2 hr, taking out, oven drying, pulverizing, and sieving with 30 mesh sieve to obtain rice straw powder;

b. alkali treatment:

immersing rice straw powder and the rice straw powder in 30% NaOH solution, stirring and reacting at the speed of 350r/min at 70-75 ℃ for 2h, and centrifugally washing until the rice straw powder is neutral for later use;

c. acid treatment:

immersing the rice straw powder subjected to alkali treatment in 30% sodium chlorite solution, adjusting the pH to 3.5 by using 30% acetic acid solution, and placing in a constant-temperature water bath kettle to react at a speed of 350r/min under stirring at 50-60 ℃ for 2h;

d. washing:

washing the rice straw powder subjected to acid treatment with distilled water for 2-3 times, and drying the rice straw powder at 80-90 ℃ to obtain rice straw cellulose;

d. mixing:

mixing 10-15 parts of rice straw cellulose, 5-7 parts of tea leaves and 1-2 parts of grape seeds uniformly, crushing and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain the adhesive additive.

4. The amino acid organic fertilizer and the preparation method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the chelating synergistic coating agent comprises the following steps:

I. weighing 10-12 parts of 1, 4-dithioerythritol, adding into 10-15 parts of distilled water, then placing into a constant-temperature water bath kettle at 60-65 ℃, stirring and dissolving at a speed of 350r/min for 10-15min, adding 6-8 parts of element additives, then raising the temperature to 80-85 ℃, regulating the stirring speed to 80r/min, and continuing stirring for 20-25min to obtain a chelate solution;

and II, adding 3-5 parts of N-ethylmaleimide into 5-7 parts of 70% ethanol solution, dispersing at a high speed of 1200r/min for 5min, mixing with the chelate solution, and continuously dispersing at a high speed of 3000r/min for 10min to obtain the chelating synergistic coating agent.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein: the element additives are calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, copper and boron;

the addition form of the element additive is as follows: the calcium element is calcium nitrate, calcium chloride or calcium acetate; the magnesium element is magnesium nitrate, magnesium chloride or magnesium sulfate; the zinc element is zinc acetate, zinc nitrate or zinc chloride; the iron element is ferrous sulfate heptahydrate or ferric chloride; the copper element is copper nitrate or copper sulfate; the boron element is sodium tetraborate decahydrate.