CN106083313A - Composite microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The composite microbial fertilizer is characterized by being prepared from 25-35 wt% of vegetable garden soil, 5-10 wt% of active functional bacteria, 5-15 wt% of mineral powder, 25-30 wt% of organic fertilizer and 15-20 wt% of inorganic compound fertilizer by water, wherein the sum of the components is 100%, the active functional bacteria comprise lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, trichoderma, aspergillus niger, monascus, trichoderma harzianum, aspergillus aculeatus and yeast, the mineral powder is one or a mixture of more than one of grass carbon, zeolite, vermiculite, montmorillonite, calcium carbonate and expanded perlite, the fineness of the mineral powder is less than or equal to 200 meshes, the organic fertilizer contains decomposed manure, rapeseed cake fertilizer and straw, and the weight ratio of the manure, the rapeseed cake fertilizer and the straw is 5.5-7.5: 2.5-3.5: 0.5-1.5.

Description

A kind of compound microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the field of fertilizers, in particular to a compound microbial fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

The compound microbial fertilizer has comprehensive nutrients and can improve the soil and improve the soil compaction caused by the use of chemical fertilizers. Improve soil physical and chemical properties, enhance soil water retention, fertilizer retention, and fertilizer supply capabilities. The beneficial microorganisms in the compound microbial fertilizer enter the soil and form a mutual symbiotic multiplication relationship with the microorganisms in the soil, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria and transform them into beneficial bacteria, interact and promote each other, and play a synergistic role in the group. The beneficial bacteria grow and reproduce A large number of metabolites are produced during the process, which promotes the decomposition and transformation of organic matter, and can directly or indirectly provide crops with a variety of nutrients and stimulating substances to promote and regulate crop growth. Improve soil porosity, permeability exchange, and plant survival rate, increase beneficial bacteria and soil microorganisms. At the same time, the dominant beneficial bacteria formed in the root system of crops can inhibit the reproduction of harmful pathogens, enhance the ability of crops to resist stress and disease, and reduce the disease index of crops in heavy cropping. Continuous cropping can be greatly alleviated by continuous application. It reduces environmental pollution, is safe and non-toxic to people, animals and the environment, and is an environmentally friendly fertilizer.

Compound microbial fertilizer is based on the principles of rhizosphere soil microecology and plant nutrition physiology, with multifunctional microbial active bacteria (nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, potassium bacteria) as the core, high-quality fertilizer-type organic matter as the carrier, and a small amount of Inorganic nutrients and trace elements are processed into a new type of fertilizer that is pollution-free and pollution-free, and is suitable for the production of green food. This new type of fertilizer can not only supply fertilizer to crops, but also introduce dominant groups of beneficial microorganisms into the rhizosphere soil of crops, so as to achieve the purpose of fertilizing fields and strengthening seedlings, promoting growth and disease prevention, and high-quality and high-yield. According to the Ministry of Agriculture's industry standard for compound microbial fertilizers (NY/T798-2004), the number of effective viable bacteria must be greater than 20 million per gram, and the total nutrient (N+P2O5+K2O) must be greater than 6%. To ensure a high number of live bacteria, the carrier raw material that accounts for 70%-80% of the product formula is the main factor affecting the number of live bacteria. At present, the production of compound microbial fertilizer products on the market mainly has the following problems:

1. Mainly use peat or humic acid as organic carrier. Peat and humic acid contain a large amount of organic matter, and the C/N ratio is in line with the living conditions of microorganisms, which can ensure the number of viable microorganisms. However, peat and humic acid are minerals. Due to the limitation of national resources, large-scale mining will destroy the ecology, and it is difficult to dissolve in the soil. The organic matter and humic acid in it are difficult to be used by crops, which affects fertilizer efficiency. At the same time, peat and humic acid The price of the product is also rising year by year, and the production cost of the product is also increasing year by year.

2. The dosage form of the product is mainly powder. Since the compound microbial fertilizer contains live bacteria, drying during the granulation process has a great impact on the number of live bacteria, and because peat and humic acid are mineral organic raw materials, it is more difficult to dissolve after granulation, and the granulation affects the quality of the product. and effects. However, arable land in many places in the north is machine-seeded, and powdery products cannot be used, so they are not granulated, which directly affects the mass use and promotion of the product.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a production method of granular compound microbial fertilizer that does not affect biological activity, and at the same time provide a safe and environmentally friendly new raw material for producing compound microbial fertilizer. The compound microbial fertilizer product produced by this method The quality can reach the agricultural standard of "Compound Microbial Fertilizer" (NY/T798-2004), and the solubility is good.

The technical solution of the present invention is a compound microbial fertilizer, which is characterized in that it consists of 25%-35wt% of vegetable garden soil, 5%-10wt% of active functional bacteria, 5%-15wt% of mineral powder and 25%-25% of organic fertilizer. 30wt%, inorganic compound fertilizer prepared from 15% to 20wt% water, the sum of each component is 100%, active functional bacteria include lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Trichoderma, Aspergillus niger, Monascus, Harzwood Mold, Aspergillus aculeatus and yeast, the mineral powder is a mixture of one or more of peat, zeolite, vermiculite, montmorillonite, calcium carbonate, expanded perlite, the fineness of the mineral powder is ≤200 mesh, The organic fertilizer contains decomposed manure, rapeseed cake fertilizer, and straw, and the weight ratio of the manure, rapeseed cake fertilizer and straw is 5.5 to 7.5: 2.5 to 3.5: 0.5 to 1.5; the inorganic compound fertilizer component contains urea 10 ~20wt%, calcium superphosphate 10~15wt%, potassium sulfate 25~30wt%, potassium nitrate 25~30wt%, diammonium phosphate 10~15wt%, humic acid 10~20wt%, the sum of each component is 100% .

The preparation method of the compound microbial fertilizer is characterized in that: according to the ratio of material to water 100:35, the raw materials are stirred evenly, and then piled up to allow the raw materials to absorb moisture; wherein the proportion of each component is vegetable garden soil 25%～35wt%, mineral 5% to 15wt% of powder and 25% to 30wt% of organic fertilizer and 15% to 20wt% of inorganic compound fertilizer. At the same time, add water and stir the solid strain into a paste and activate it for 3 to 4 hours. Add the activated strain In the raw materials, turn the heap repeatedly and mix well, stack it and cover it with a plastic film. When the temperature of the material heap reaches 50°C, the first time is turned over, and then turned every 3 days, fermented for 10-12 days, fermented for 10-10 days After 12 days, add active functional bacteria powder equivalent to 4% to 6% of the weight of the decomposed organic fertilizer component to the decomposed organic fertilizer component to continue solid fermentation. After mixing, add the decomposed organic fertilizer component 0.5% to 1% borax and 0.2% to 0.5% ammonium molybdate by weight, adjust the water content to 32-38wt%, and carry out secondary composting fermentation. 2 to 3 times until the temperature drops to 40°C, stop turning the compost, transfer to the after-ripening tank for 3-5 days, and then use a special low-temperature granulator for bio-organic fertilizers to granulate, then carry out negative pressure drying, and after cooling Sieve particles with a particle size of 1 mm to 4.75 mm, and send them to the silo for mixing to obtain a compound microbial fertilizer.

Preferably, the preparation process of the solid strains is as follows: lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Trichoderma, Aspergillus niger, Monascus, Trichoderma harzianum, Aspergillus aculeatus and yeast are separately fermented in industrial fermenters , the operation steps and process conditions are:

a. Preparation of basal medium: Soybeans are boiled in water for 30 minutes, filtered and then adjusted to volume;

b. Preparation of culture medium for lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum, and Bacillus megaterium: beef extract 1g, peptone 2g, sodium chloride 1g, glucose 3g, basal medium 200mL, pH 7.5,

c. Trichoderma, Aspergillus niger, Monascus, yeast medium preparation: glucose 7g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.4g, peptone 2g, magnesium sulfate 0.2g, basic medium 400mL, pH 6.5, after the medium is prepared, autoclave After cooling for 30 minutes, insert the corresponding strains. Before inoculation, the flat bottle containing the medium was sterilized at 121°C for 30 minutes. After inoculation, it was cultured at 28-35°C for 30-48 hours to prepare a spore liquid. 5% inoculum by volume is used for seed tank inoculation;

d. Seed tank fermentation: first sterilize the first-level seed tank, put it into the seed tank fermentation medium and then sterilize it, cool to 30°C, insert the spore liquid into the culture medium, after the fermenter is inoculated, the Cultivate at ℃ for 36-48 hours, ventilation rate 1-2Vols/vol min, oxygen content 30-40%; to obtain the first-level seed tank fermentation liquid; Sterilize after entering the culture medium, cool to 30°C, put the fermented liquid in the primary seed tank into the secondary seed tank according to the volume percentage of 5% to 8%, enter the sterile air and stir for cultivation, and obtain the secondary seed tank. Seed tank fermented bacterial liquid; the fermented liquid contains more than 5 billion viable spores per milliliter, and when the spore ratio reaches more than 95%, put it into the tank, the pH value is 7.0-8.0, and there is no bacterial contamination.

Preferably, the components of the seed tank fermentation medium are: 10%-15wt% of rice bran, 25%-35wt% of soybean, 20%-30wt% of white sugar, 15%-20wt% of fish meal, 5%-10wt% of urea, trace Element 5%～10wt%, yeast powder 15%～25wt%, mannitol 2%～5wt%, K2HPO4 1%～6wt%, KH2PO41%～6wt%, MgSO4·7H2O1～6wt% and water, the sum of each component is 100%.

Preferably, the preparation of the organic fertilizer combination: After sieving and crushing the dried chicken manure, rapeseed cake, and straw, mix them evenly according to the ratio of 6:3:1 by weight, transfer them to a large solid compost tank, and adjust the carbon and nitrogen Ratio to 20-30, adjust the water content to 50wt%, add a conventional amount of organic material decomposing agent, compost, when the compost temperature reaches above 50 ℃, start to turn the compost for ventilation, turn the compost 2-3 times a day, until the temperature drops When the temperature is below 30°C, stop turning the compost to obtain a decomposed organic fertilizer combination.

Lactic acid bacteria can inhibit the reproduction of harmful bacteria in the soil, stimulate the growth of beneficial bacteria, and prevent soil-borne diseases. It can also produce complex enzymes, promote the degradation of lignin and cellulose, and increase soil organic matter. The lipopeptide compounds produced by the metabolism of Bacillus subtilis can prevent and control plant diseases such as wheat powdery mildew, rice blast, head blight, sheath blight, charcoal maggot, cucumber downy mildew, tomato bacterial wilt, gray mold, etc. It can induce crops to produce hormones such as indole acetic acid, increase the level of crop growth hormone, and promote the growth and reproduction of plants. Yeast can produce degradative enzymes to degrade organic matter in the soil, and also produce cellulose, nucleic acid, auxin, gibberellin and other plant regulators, which can assist lactic acid bacteria to accelerate the fermentation of organic matter, thereby increasing the active components of organic fertilizers, exerting nitrogen fixation, Solubilize phosphorus and potassium. In addition, Trichoderma can produce highly active cellulase, which has a strong ability to decompose cellulose; Aspergillus niger and Monascus are decomposing bacteria agents, which can promote the decomposition of organic materials and crack macromolecular organic matter and insoluble inorganic matter , to facilitate the absorption and utilization of crops. The combined use of various microbial species complements each other's advantages, which can better combine the growth-promoting effect and fertilizer effect, and improve the fertilizer use efficiency.

The invention uses rapeseed cake and crop straw as carriers, and adopts a secondary solid fermentation method to produce microbial fertilizer. The result obtained is that the fungus firstly obtains a large number of growth and reproduction, and at the same time decomposes about 50% of the rapeseed cake and crop orange stalk, and then carries out the second solid fermentation method to ensure that the bacteria can also obtain a large number of reproduction. After the solid fermentation is over, the rapeseed cake and crop orange stalks are decomposed by about 60% and naturally form small particles. During the drying period at room temperature, fungi will produce a large number of spores, while bacteria will form a large number of spores. Spores and spores are in a dormant state, do not exchange substances with the outside world, and can survive for a long time. Naturally formed small particles can act as a mechanical barrier to protect bacteria fertilizer microorganisms from harmful environmental factors, such as pesticide poisoning, protozoan ingestion and indigenous microorganism antagonism, etc., and can adapt to the ecological environment and form local dominant communities. Naturally formed small particles have the effect of retaining bacteria. After entering the soil, when there is drought, the microorganisms continue to be dormant and preserved; when irrigation and heavy rain occur, the particles can prevent spores and spores from leaching. After the dry compound microbial fertilizer granules enter the soil, because about 40% of the rapeseed cake and crop orange stalks are still not completely decomposed, after absorbing water, the spores and spores begin to germinate, and gradually release microorganisms into the environment, which plays a role in slowing down. The function of releasing bacteria ensures a sustained high bacterial count and prolongs the survival time of microorganisms, and continues to develop in local soils and form local dominant groups.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention has a very high number of effective bacteria, which exceeds the number of effective viable bacteria of all current bacterial fertilizers. After 6 months of storage at room temperature, the total number of effective viable bacteria reached more than 3×108/g, and then when the solid bacterial agent was coated with abamectin granule organic fertilizer, the addition of the bacterial agent was determined according to the number of viable bacteria of the bacterial agent. The weight ratio makes the final product meet the requirements of the "Compound Microbial Fertilizer" agricultural standard (NY/T798-2004).

2. The present invention is resistant to environmental conditions, does not require aseptic operation and aseptic packaging, and has a simple and convenient production process and low cost (reduced unit usage reduces production and use costs).

3. The finished product can be stored at room temperature (it can be stored at room temperature for a long time, it can be produced and stored at the high temperature of Wuhan for 3 months in summer, and the number and effectiveness of fungi and bacteria are measured after 30 days, and the result is not affected), In particular, the effective characteristics of high and low temperature resistance are convenient for the production and application of biological fertilizers for crops such as spring harvest and autumn sowing, autumn harvest and spring sowing. The problem of microbial fertilizer production and preservation of autumn-sown and spring-harvested crops such as rapeseed and wheat is solved.

4. After application, it is less affected by the environment, slow-release bacteria and long-term effective colonization in the rhizosphere of plants, promotes crop growth, and has a certain biocontrol effect on soil-borne diseases (rape sclerotinia, clubroot, etc.), At the same time, it protects the fungi and bacteria contained in the bacterial fertilizer from the invasion of indigenous microorganisms and harmful factors, and plays the role of maintaining and slowing the release of bacteria, which is conducive to the continuous development of the microorganisms contained in the bacterial fertilizer in the rhizosphere and the formation of local advantages, improving the Validity and Extended Validity.

The compound microbial fertilizer of the invention is suitable for crops as base fertilizer and fertilization at seedling stage.

[0025]

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described.

Example 1

Compound microbial fertilizer, which is prepared from vegetable garden soil, active functional bacteria, mineral powder, organic fertilizer, inorganic compound fertilizer, and water, wherein 25wt% of vegetable garden soil, 5wt% of active functional bacteria, 5wt% of mineral powder and 25wt of organic fertilizer %, inorganic compound fertilizer 20wt% water 20wt%, active functional bacteria include lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Trichoderma, Aspergillus niger, Monascus, Trichoderma harzianum, Aspergillus aculeatus and yeast, mineral powder It is a mixture of one or more of peat, zeolite, vermiculite, montmorillonite, calcium carbonate, and expanded perlite. The fineness of the mineral powder is ≤200 mesh. The organic fertilizer contains decomposed manure, rapeseed Cake fertilizer, straw, the weight ratio of the manure, rapeseed cake fertilizer and straw is 5.5:2.5:0.5; the inorganic compound fertilizer component contains urea 10-20wt%, calcium superphosphate 10-15wt%, potassium sulfate 25-30wt% %, potassium nitrate 25-30wt%, diammonium phosphate 10-15wt%, humic acid 10-20wt%, the sum of each component is 100%.

The preparation method of the compound microbial fertilizer is characterized in that: according to the ratio of material to water 100:35, the raw materials are stirred evenly, and then piled up to allow the raw materials to absorb moisture; wherein the proportion of each component is vegetable garden soil 25%～35wt%, mineral 5% to 15wt% of powder and 25% to 30wt% of organic fertilizer and 15% to 20wt% of inorganic compound fertilizer. At the same time, add water and stir the solid strain into a paste and activate it for 3 to 4 hours. Add the activated strain In the raw materials, turn the heap repeatedly and mix well, stack it and cover it with a plastic film. When the temperature of the material heap reaches 50°C, the first time is turned over, and then turned every 3 days, fermented for 10-12 days, fermented for 10-10 days After 12 days, add active functional bacteria powder equivalent to 4% to 6% of the weight of the decomposed organic fertilizer component to the decomposed organic fertilizer component to continue solid fermentation. After mixing, add the decomposed organic fertilizer component 0.5% to 1% borax and 0.2% to 0.5% ammonium molybdate by weight, adjust the water content to 32-38wt%, and carry out secondary composting fermentation. 2 to 3 times, until the temperature drops to 40°C, stop turning, transfer to post-ripening tank for 3-5 days, and then use a special low-temperature granulator for bio-organic fertilizers to granulate, then carry out negative pressure drying, after cooling Sieve particles with a particle size of 1 mm to 4.75 mm, and send them to the silo for mixing to obtain a compound microbial fertilizer.

Preferably, the preparation process of the solid strains is as follows: lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Trichoderma, Aspergillus niger, Monascus, Trichoderma harzianum, Aspergillus aculeatus and yeast are separately fermented in industrial fermenters , the operation steps and process conditions are:

e. Preparation of basal medium: Soybeans are boiled in water for 30 minutes, filtered and then made to volume;

f. Preparation of culture medium for lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum, and Bacillus megaterium: beef extract 1g, peptone 2g, sodium chloride 1g, glucose 3g, basal medium 200mL, pH 7.5,

g. Trichoderma, Aspergillus niger, Monascus, yeast medium preparation: glucose 7g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.4g, peptone 2g, magnesium sulfate 0.2g, basal medium 400mL, pH 6.5, after the medium is prepared, autoclave After cooling for 30 minutes, insert the corresponding strains. Before inoculation, the flat bottle containing the medium was sterilized at 121°C for 30 minutes. After inoculation, it was cultured at 28-35°C for 30-48 hours to prepare a spore liquid. 5% inoculum by volume is used for seed tank inoculation;

h. Seed tank fermentation: first sterilize the first-level seed tank, put it into the seed tank fermentation medium and then sterilize it, cool to 30°C, insert the spore liquid into the culture medium, after the fermenter is inoculated, it is sterilized at 28-35 Cultivate at ℃ for 36-48 hours, ventilation rate 1-2Vols/vol min, oxygen content 30-40%; to obtain the first-level seed tank fermentation liquid; Sterilize after entering the culture medium, cool to 30°C, put the fermented liquid in the primary seed tank into the secondary seed tank according to the volume percentage of 5% to 8%, enter the sterile air and stir for cultivation, and obtain the secondary seed tank. Seed tank fermented bacterial liquid; the fermented liquid contains more than 5 billion viable spores per milliliter, and when the spore ratio reaches more than 95%, put it into the tank, the pH value is 7.0-8.0, and there is no bacterial contamination.

Preferably, the components of the seed tank fermentation medium are: 10%-15wt% of rice bran, 25%-35wt% of soybean, 20%-30wt% of white sugar, 15%-20wt% of fish meal, 5%-10wt% of urea, trace Elements 5%~10wt%, yeast powder 15%~25wt%, mannitol 2%~5wt%, K ₂ HPO ₄ 1%~6wt%, KH ₂ PO ₄ 1%~6wt%, MgSO ₄ 7H ₂ O 1 ~6 wt% and water, the sum of the components is 100%.

Preparation of organic fertilizer combination: After sieving and crushing the dried chicken manure, rapeseed cake, and straw, mix them evenly at a weight ratio of 6:3:1, transfer them to a large solid compost tank, and adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 20 ~30, adjust the water content to 50wt%, add a conventional amount of organic material decomposing agent, and compost. When the compost temperature reaches above 50°C, start turning the compost for ventilation. Turn the compost 2-3 times a day until the temperature drops to 30°C When the time is below, stop turning the pile to obtain a decomposed organic fertilizer combination.

Basic properties of compound microbial fertilizer

Example 2

A kind of composite microbial fertilizer, it is prepared by vegetable garden soil 35wt%, active functional bacterium 10wt%, mineral powder 15wt% and organic fertilizer 25%, inorganic compound fertilizer 15%% water, active functional bacterium comprises lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis , Bacillus megaterium, Trichoderma, Aspergillus niger, Monascus, Trichoderma harzianum, Aspergillus aculeatus and yeast, the mineral powder is one of peat, zeolite, vermiculite, montmorillonite, calcium carbonate, expanded perlite or More than one mixture, the fineness of the mineral powder is ≤200 mesh, the organic fertilizer contains decomposed manure, rapeseed cake fertilizer, and straw, and the weight ratio of the manure, rapeseed cake fertilizer and straw is 7.5:3.5:1.5; The inorganic compound fertilizer component contains 10-20 wt% of urea, 10-15 wt% of superphosphate, 25-30 wt% of potassium sulfate, 25-30 wt% of potassium nitrate, 10-15 wt% of diammonium phosphate, and 10-20 wt% of humic acid %, the sum of each component is 100%.

The preparation method of the compound microbial fertilizer is characterized in that: according to the ratio of material to water 100:35, the raw materials are stirred evenly, and then piled up to allow the raw materials to absorb moisture; wherein the proportion of each component is vegetable garden soil 25%～35wt%, mineral 5% to 15wt% of powder and 25% to 30wt% of organic fertilizer and 15% to 20wt% of inorganic compound fertilizer. At the same time, add water and stir the solid strain into a paste and activate it for 3 to 4 hours. Add the activated strain In the raw materials, turn the heap repeatedly and mix well, stack it and cover it with a plastic film. When the temperature of the material heap reaches 50°C, the first time is turned over, and then turned every 3 days, fermented for 10-12 days, fermented for 10-10 days After 12 days, add active functional bacteria powder equivalent to 4% to 6% of the weight of the decomposed organic fertilizer component to the decomposed organic fertilizer component to continue solid fermentation. After mixing, add the decomposed organic fertilizer component 0.5% to 1% borax and 0.2% to 0.5% ammonium molybdate by weight, adjust the water content to 32-38wt%, and carry out secondary composting fermentation. 2 to 3 times, until the temperature drops to 40°C, stop turning, transfer to post-ripening tank for 3-5 days, and then use a special low-temperature granulator for bio-organic fertilizers to granulate, then carry out negative pressure drying, after cooling Sieve particles with a particle size of 1 mm to 4.75 mm, and send them to the silo for mixing to obtain a compound microbial fertilizer.

Preferably, the preparation process of the solid strains is as follows: lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Trichoderma, Aspergillus niger, Monascus, Trichoderma harzianum, Aspergillus aculeatus and yeast are separately fermented in industrial fermenters , the operation steps and process conditions are:

i. Preparation of basal medium: Soybeans are boiled in water for 30 minutes, filtered and then made to volume;

j. Preparation of medium for lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum, and Bacillus megaterium: beef extract 1g, peptone 2g, sodium chloride 1g, glucose 3g, basal medium 200mL, pH 7.5,

k. Trichoderma, Aspergillus niger, Monascus, yeast medium preparation: glucose 7g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.4g, peptone 2g, magnesium sulfate 0.2g, basic medium 400mL, pH 6.5, after the medium is prepared, autoclave After cooling for 30 minutes, insert the corresponding strains. Before inoculation, the flat bottle containing the medium was sterilized at 121°C for 30 minutes. After inoculation, it was cultured at 28-35°C for 30-48 hours to prepare a spore liquid. 5% inoculum by volume is used for seed tank inoculation;

l. Fermentation in seed tanks: first sterilize the first-level seed tanks, put them into the fermentation medium of the seed tanks and then sterilize them, cool to 30°C, insert the spore liquid into the culture medium, and after inoculation in the fermenter tanks, sterilize at 28-35 Cultivate at ℃ for 36-48 hours, ventilation rate 1-2Vols/vol min, oxygen content 30-40%; to obtain the first-level seed tank fermentation liquid; Sterilize after entering the culture medium, cool to 30°C, put the fermented liquid in the primary seed tank into the secondary seed tank according to the volume percentage of 5% to 8%, enter the sterile air and stir for cultivation, and obtain the secondary seed tank. Seed tank fermented bacterial liquid; the fermented liquid contains more than 5 billion viable spores per milliliter, and when the spore ratio reaches more than 95%, put it into the tank, the pH value is 7.0-8.0, and there is no bacterial contamination.

Preferably, the components of the seed tank fermentation medium are: 10%-15wt% of rice bran, 25%-35wt% of soybean, 20%-30wt% of white sugar, 15%-20wt% of fish meal, 5%-10wt% of urea, trace Element 5%～10wt%, yeast powder 15%～25wt%, mannitol 2%～5wt%, K2HPO4 1%～6wt%, KH2PO41%～6wt%, MgSO4·7H2O1～6wt% and water, the sum of each component is 100%.

Preferably, the preparation of the organic fertilizer combination: After sieving and crushing the dried chicken manure, rapeseed cake, and straw, mix them evenly according to the ratio of 6:3:1 by weight, transfer them to a large solid compost tank, and adjust the carbon and nitrogen Ratio to 20-30, adjust the water content to 50wt%, add a conventional amount of organic material decomposing agent, and compost. When the compost temperature reaches 50°C or more, start turning the compost for ventilation. Turn the compost 2-3 times a day until the temperature drops. When the temperature is below 30°C, stop turning the compost to obtain a decomposed organic fertilizer combination.

Basic properties of compound microbial fertilizer

Example 3

Application of compound microbial fertilizer:

The random block method was adopted, the area of the plot was 100m ² , and 3 repetitions were set up, and the compound microbial fertilizer in Example 1 and Example 2 was used as the base fertilizer to apply 50kg/mu. They are treatment group 1 and treatment group 2 respectively.

Common compound fertilizer was used as base fertilizer to apply 50kg/mu, which was treatment group 3.

The area without fertilizer application was used as the control area.

Use the checkerboard sampling method to record the number of pest plants in each plot, and calculate the control effect according to the following formula:

Control effect (%)=(the number of insect-damaged plants in the control area-the number of insect-damaged plants in the treatment area)/the number of insect-damaged plants in the control area×100% of the above groups, except that the base fertilizer applied is different, and the later topdressing and management are the same.

Test results: the impact of different treatments in table 1 on the yield of Chinese cabbage

Table 2 Effects of different treatments on pest control effect

Result analysis:

It can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2 that the application of compound fertilizers can significantly promote the growth of cabbage, significantly increase the yield of cabbage, and reduce the occurrence of insect pests. Wherein, the application of the compound microbial fertilizer of the present invention is higher than that of the fertilizer described in Example 1 in both the improvement of yield and the control effect of insect pests. The yield increase of the compound microbial fertilizer of the present invention reaches more than 20%, while the fertilizer increase yield of the fertilizer described in Example 1 is only 14.5%. The pest control effect of the compound microbial fertilizer of the present invention is about 65%, while the fertilizer described in Example The control effect is only 58%.

Claims (5)

1. a composite microbiological fertilizer, is characterized in that, it by vegetable garden soil 25%～35wt%, active function bacterium 5%～ 10wt%, mineral powder 5%～15wt% and fertilizer 25%～30wt%, inorganic composite fertilizer 15%～20wt% water preparation and Becoming, each component sum is 100%, and active function bacterium includes lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, Trichoderma spp., black fermented preparation Mould, monascus, trichoderma harzianum, microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus and yeast, mineral powder is the peat composed of rotten mosses, zeolite, Vermiculitum, montmorillonite, calcium carbonate, swollen One or more mixture in swollen perlite, fineness≤200 mesh of mineral powder, described fertilizer contains and becomes thoroughly decomposed Muck, rapeseed cake fertilizer, straw, the weight ratio of described muck, rapeseed cake fertilizer and straw be 5.5～7.5: 2.5～3.5: 0.5～ 1.5；Described inorganic composite fertilizer component contains carbamide 10～20wt%, calcium superphosphate 10～15wt%, potassium sulfate 25～30wt%, nitre Acid potassium 25～30wt%, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 10～15wt%, humic acid 10～20wt%, each component sum is 100%.

2. the preparation method of composite microbiological fertilizer described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: by material-water ratio 100: 35, raw material is stirred Mix uniformly, then play heap, allow raw material be saturated with moisture；The most each component ratio is vegetable garden soil 25%～35wt%, mineral powder 5% ～15wt% and fertilizer combine 25%～30wt%, inorganic composite fertilizer combines 15%～20wt%, is added by solid spawn meanwhile Water stirs into pasty state and activates 3～4h, is added in raw material by the strain of activation, and turning is mixed thoroughly repeatedly, stacks and covers plastics Thin film, when stockpile temperature reaches 50 DEG C, i.e. carries out turning for the first time, once every 3d turning, fermentation 10～12d, fermentation later 10～after 12d days, the active function bacterium mycopowder of fertilizer composition weight 4%～6% that will be equivalent to become thoroughly decomposed joins and becomes thoroughly decomposed Fertilizer component proceeds solid fermentation, after mixing, adds the fertilizer composition weight 0.5%～1% being equivalent to become thoroughly decomposed Borax, the ammonium molybdate of 0.2%～0.5%, regulation water content to 32-38wt%, carry out secondary compost fermentation, when temperature reaches More than 50 DEG C, starting turning, turning is every day 2～3 times, until temperature is down to 40 DEG C, stops turning, proceeds to after-ripening groove after-ripening 3 ～5 days, then using biological organic fertilizer special low temperature comminutor to carry out pelletize, then carry out negative pressure drying, after cooling, sieve takes particle diameter The granule of 1mm～4.75mm, sends into feed bin mixing, obtains composite microbiological fertilizer.

3. the preparation method of composite microbiological fertilizer described in claim 2, it is characterised in that: the preparation process of described solid spawn For: by lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, Trichoderma spp., aspergillus niger, monascus, trichoderma harzianum, microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus Using industrial fermentation tank the most individually to ferment with yeast, operating procedure and process conditions are:

A, the preparation of basal medium: soybean with water boils 30min, is settled to after filtration；

Prepared by b, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus megaterium culture medium: Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 1g, peptone 2g, sodium chloride 1g, glucose 3g, basal medium 200mL, pH 7.5,

Prepared by c, Trichoderma spp., aspergillus niger, monascus, yeast culture medium: glucose 7g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.4g, peptone 2g, sulphuric acid Magnesium 0.2g, basal medium 400mL, pH 6.5, after prepared by culture medium, autoclave sterilization 30min, accesses corresponding bacterium after cooling Kind, will be equipped with flat bottle sterilizing 30 minutes under the conditions of 121 DEG C of culture medium before inoculation, cultivate under the conditions of 28～35 DEG C after inoculation 30～48h, it is made into spore liquid, inoculates for seed tank with the inoculum concentration of percent by volume 5%；

D, seed tank ferment: first by first class seed pot sterilizing, load sterilizing again after seed tank fermentation medium, are cooled to 30 DEG C, Spore liquid is accessed in culture fluid, fermentation tank inoculation after, under the conditions of 28～35 DEG C cultivate 36～48 hours, ventilation 1～ 2Vols/vol min, oxygen content 30～40%；, obtain first class seed pot zymocyte liquid；Secondary seed tank is gone out at 121 DEG C Bacterium 30min, loads sterilizing again after culture medium, is cooled to 30 DEG C, by first class seed pot fermentation liquid by volume percentage ratio 5%～8% Inoculum concentration accesses secondary seed tank, is passed through filtrated air and stirring is cultivated, obtain secondary seed tank zymocyte liquid；Fermentation liquid contains Brood cell's number every milliliter of living reaches more than 5,000,000,000, and brood cell's ratio puts tank when reaching more than 95%, pH value 7.0-8.0, without living contaminants.

4. the preparation method of composite microbiological fertilizer described in claim 3, it is characterised in that: described seed tank fermentation culture is basis set It is divided into: Testa oryzae 10%～15wt%, Semen Glycines 25%～35wt%, white sugar 20%～30wt%, fish flour 15%～20wt%, carbamide 5%～10wt%, trace element 5%～10wt%, yeast powder 15%～25wt%, mannitol 2%～5wt%, K₂HPO₄1% ～6wt%, KH₂PO₄1%～6wt%, MgSO₄·7H₂O1～6wt% and water, each component sum is 100%.

5. the preparation method of composite microbiological fertilizer described in claim 2, it is characterised in that: the preparation of fertilizer combination: will dry Dried poultrymanure, rapeseed cake, straw, after screening, pulverizing, by weight the ratio mix homogeneously of 6:3:1, proceed to large-sized solid heap Fertile groove, regulation carbon-nitrogen ratio is to 20～30, and regulation water content, to 50wt%, adds convention amount organic matter decomposing inoculant, carries out compost, When heap temperature reaches more than 50 DEG C, starting turning ventilation, turning is every day 2-3 time, during until temperature is down to less than 30 DEG C, and stopping Turning, obtains the fertilizer combination become thoroughly decomposed.