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CN112367948A - 流体收集装置、相关系统和相关方法 - Google Patents

流体收集装置、相关系统和相关方法 Download PDF

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CN112367948A
CN112367948A CN201980045086.0A CN201980045086A CN112367948A CN 112367948 A CN112367948 A CN 112367948A CN 201980045086 A CN201980045086 A CN 201980045086A CN 112367948 A CN112367948 A CN 112367948A
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chamber
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詹姆斯·大卫·休格特
埃里克·雷姆
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PureWick Corp
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract

在一个实施例中，流体收集装置包括至少部分地限定腔室的流体不可渗透屏障。流体不可渗透屏障还限定了延伸穿过其中的开口，该开口构造成定位于邻近女性尿道或使男性尿道穿过其中定位。流体收集装置还包括在其入口和出口之间延伸的通道。入口构造成与气体源流体连通，并且出口构造成与流体存储容器流体连通。出口位于入口的下游。该通道还在其中限定至少一个孔或通路，该孔或通路允许通道的内部与腔室的其余部分流体连通。

Description

流体收集装置、相关系统和相关方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2018年5月1日提交的美国临时申请No.62/665,331的优先权，其公开内容通过引用整体并入本文。
背景技术
个体的活动能力可能受到限制或受损，使得典型的排尿过程具有挑战性或是不可能的。例如，个体可能进行过外科手术或具有损害活动能力的残疾。在另一个示例中，个体可能具有受限的移动条件，例如飞行员、驾驶员和危险区域中的工人所经历的那些条件。另外，可能需要从个体收集流体以进行监控目的或临床测试。
便盆和导尿管，例如Foley导尿管，可以用于解决其中一些情况。然而，便盆和导尿管具有与其相关的若干问题。例如，便盆可能容易出现不适，溢出和其它卫生问题。导尿管可能是不舒服的，疼痛的，并且可能引起尿路感染。
因此，流体收集装置的使用者和制造商继续寻求新的和改进的收集尿液的装置、系统和方法。
发明内容
本文公开的实施例涉及使用流体收集装置的装置、系统和方法。在一个实施例中，公开了一种流体收集装置。流体收集装置包括至少部分地限定腔室的流体不可渗透屏障。该流体不可渗透屏障还限定延伸穿过其中的开口。该开口构造成定位于邻近女性尿道或使男性尿道穿过其中定位。流体收集装置还包括在入口和出口之间限定并延伸的通道。出口位于入口的下游。入口构造成与气体源流体连通，并且出口构造成与流体存储容器流体连通。该通道限定至少一个孔，该孔允许通道的内部与腔室流体连通。
在一个实施例中，公开了一种流体收集系统。流体收集系统包括气体源和位于气体源下游的流体存储容器。流体存储容器构造成容纳流体。流体收集系统还包括与气体源和流体存储容器间隔开的流体收集装置。流体收集装置包括至少部分地限定腔室的流体不可渗透屏障。流体不可渗透屏障还限定延伸穿过其中的开口。该开口构造成定位于邻近女性尿道定位或使男性尿道穿过其中定位。流体收集装置还包括在入口和出口之间限定并延伸的通道。出口位于入口的下游。入口构造成与气体源流体连通，并且出口构造成与流体存储容器流体连通。该通道限定至少一个孔，该孔允许通道的内部与腔室流体连通。
在一个实施例中，公开了一种收集流体的方法。该方法包括将流体收集装置的开口定位于邻近女性尿道或围绕男性尿道定位。该开口由流体收集装置的流体不可渗透屏障限定。该方法还包括将来自女性尿道或男性尿道的流体接收到流体收集装置的腔室中。流体收集装置的腔室至少部分地由流体不可渗透屏障限定。该方法还包括使气体从流体收集装置的通道的入口流到出口，这有效地经由形成在通道中的至少一个孔将流体从腔室抽吸到通道中，并将经由至少一个孔进入通道的流体推向出口。通道从入口延伸到出口。
来自任何公开的实施例的特征可以彼此组合使用，但不限于此。此外，通过考虑以下详细描述和附图，本公开的其它特征和优点对于本领域普通技术人员将变得显而易见。
附图说明
附图示出了本公开的若干实施例，其中相同的附图标记在附图中示出的不同视图或实施例中表示相同或相似的元件或特征。
图1是根据一个实施例的流体收集装置的示意性剖视图。
图2是根据一个实施例的流体收集装置的示意性剖视图，该流体收集装置构造成将流体主动地拉入其通道中。
图3是根据一个实施例的流体收集装置的示意性剖视图，该流体收集装置包括具有多个孔和/或抽吸装置的通道。
图4是根据一个实施例的流体收集装置的示意性剖视图，该流体收集装置包括与流体收集装置的腔室间隔开的通道。
图5A-5C是根据一个实施例的男性流体收集装置的示意性剖视图。
图6A是根据一个实施例的流体收集系统的示意图。
图6B是根据一个实施例的流体收集系统的示意图。
图7是根据一个实施例的使用本文公开的流体收集装置和/或流体收集系统中的任一个的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
本文公开的实施例涉及使用流体收集装置的装置、系统和方法。在一个实施例中，流体收集装置包括至少部分地限定腔室的流体不可渗透屏障。流体不可渗透屏障还限定了延伸穿过其中的开口，该开口构造成定位于邻近女性尿道或使男性尿道穿过其中定位。流体收集装置还包括在其入口和出口之间延伸的通道。入口构造成与气体源流体连通(例如，流体联接到气体源)。入口可以与气体源直接流体连通(例如，直接附接到)或间接流体连通(例如，经由至少一个管)。出口构造成与流体存储容器流体连通。出口可以与流体存储容器直接流体连通或间接流体连通(例如，经由至少一个管)。出口位于入口的下游。该通道还在其中限定至少一个孔，该孔允许通道的内部与腔室的其余部分流体连通。
本文公开的流体收集装置构造成收集来自个体的流体。流体收集装置收集的流体可以包括尿液。流体收集装置收集的流体还可以包括阴道排出物，阴茎排出物，生殖流体，血液，汗液或其它体液中的至少一种。
本文公开的流体收集装置构造成用于流体收集系统中。本文公开的流体收集系统包括气体源。在一些实施例中，包括气体源的系统可以解决与包括真空源的系统相关的几个问题。例如，包括真空源的系统将流体抽向真空源，并且在流体能够到达真空源之前将大部分流体沉积在流体存储容器中。然而，少量流体(例如，来自流体的蒸汽)仍然可以到达真空源，这可能污染和/或损坏(例如，生锈)真空源。另外，当流体存储容器基本上充满时，大量流体可以到达真空源。然而，包括气源的系统使流体远离气体源移动，从而防止污染和/或损坏。在另一个实施例中，包括真空源的系统不能用于不包括可用真空源的环境中(例如，该环境不包括真空源或正在使用真空源)。这样，包括气体源的系统可以用于不包括可用真空源的环境中。
图1是根据一个实施例的流体收集装置100的示意性剖视图。流体收集装置100是女性流体收集装置100的一个示例，该女性流体收集装置构造成接收来自女性的流体。流体收集装置100包括流体不可渗透屏障102。流体不可渗透屏障102至少部分地限定腔室104和开口106。开口106延伸穿过流体不可渗透屏障102，从而使流体能够进入腔室104。开口106可构造成定位于邻近女性尿道。流体收集装置100还包括至少部分地设置在腔室104中的通道108。通道108(例如，管或导管)包括入口110和位于入口110下游的出口112。入口110构造成与气体源(未示出)流体连通，而出口112构造成与流体存储容器(未示出)流体连通。通道108限定至少一个孔114，该孔114允许通道108的内部116与腔室104流体连通。在所示实施例中，通道108至少部分地设置在腔室104中，并且孔114设置在腔室104中。
流体收集装置100构造成经由开口106将流体接收到腔室104中。例如，开口106可呈现细长形状，其构造成从尿道开口下方的第一位置(例如，在肛门或阴道开口处或附近)延伸到尿道开口上方的第二位置(例如，在阴蒂或阴毛处或附近)。由于当女性的腿闭合时，女性的腿之间的空间相对较小，因此开口106可以呈现出细长的形状，从而仅允许流体沿着与开口106的细长形状相对应的路径流动。开口106可呈现垂直于纵向方向测量的宽度，并且该宽度为流体收集装置100的圆周的至少约10％，例如流体收集装置100的圆周的约25％至约50％，约40％至约60％，约50％至约75％，约65％至约85％，或约75％至约100％。开口106可呈现大于流体收集装置100的圆周的50％的宽度，因为通过通道108的气体(例如，大气，氮气，氧气等)的连续流动将流体拉入通道108中。在一些实施例中，开口106可以是垂直定向的(例如，具有通常平行于装置100的纵轴的长轴)。在一些实施例中，(未示出)，开口106可以是水平定向的(例如，具有垂直于装置100的纵轴的长轴)。在一个示例中，流体不可渗透屏障102可以构造成附接到个体，例如粘附地附接(例如，用水凝胶粘合剂)到个体。根据一个实施例，合适的粘合剂是水凝胶层，例如在美国专利申请公开No.2017/0189225中公开的那些，其公开内容通过引用整体并入本文。
流体不可渗透屏障102还构造成将流体暂时存储在腔室104中。例如，流体不可渗透屏障102可以由任何合适的流体不可渗透材料形成，例如流体不可渗透聚合物(例如，硅树脂，聚丙烯，聚乙烯，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯，聚碳酸酯等)，金属膜，另一种合适的材料或其组合。这样，流体不可渗透屏障102基本上防止流体离开腔室104的与开口106间隔开的部分。在一个实施例中，流体不可渗透屏障102可以是空气可渗透的和流体不可渗透的。在这样的实施例中，流体不可渗透屏障102可以由限定多个孔的疏水材料形成。在一个示例中，流体不可渗透屏障102的外表面的一个或多个部分可以由柔软和/或光滑的材料形成，从而减少擦伤(chaffing)。
流体收集装置100可以包括设置在腔室104中的流体可渗透膜118。流体可渗透膜118可覆盖开口106的至少一部分(例如，全部)。流体可渗透膜118可构造成将任何流体芯吸远离开口106，从而防止流体逸出腔室104。流体可渗透膜118也可将流体大致朝向腔室104的内部芯吸，如下文更详细地论述。流体可渗透膜118可以包括能够芯吸流体的任何材料。例如，流体可渗透膜118可包括织物，例如纱布(例如，丝绸，亚麻布，或棉纱布)，另一软织物或另一平滑织物。本文所指的可渗透性质可以具有芯吸，毛细作用，扩散或其它类似性质或过程，并且在本文中被称为“可渗透的”和/或“芯吸”。这种“芯吸”可以不包括吸收到可渗透材料中。由纱布、软织物和/或平滑织物形成流体可渗透膜118可以减少由流体收集装置100引起的擦伤。
流体收集装置100可包括设置在腔室104中的流体可渗透支撑件120。流体可渗透支撑件120构造成支撑流体可渗透膜118，因为流体可渗透膜118可以由可折叠的，脆弱的或其他容易变形的材料形成。例如，流体可渗透支撑件120可定位成使得流体可渗透膜118被设置在流体可渗透支撑件120和流体不可渗透屏障102之间。这样，流体可渗透支撑件120可以支撑和保持流体可渗透膜118的位置。流体可渗透支撑件120可以由比流体可渗透膜118更不易变形的任何流体可渗透材料形成。例如，流体可渗透支撑件120可包括多孔尼龙结构。在一个实施例中，流体可渗透支撑件120可以从流体收集装置100中省略。
在一个实施例中，流体可渗透膜118和流体可渗透支撑件120可以至少基本上完全填充腔室104的未被通道108占据的部分。在一个实施例中，流体可渗透膜118和流体可渗透支撑件120基本上不完全填充腔室104的未被通道108占据的部分。在这样的实施例中，流体收集装置100包括设置在腔室104中的贮存器122。贮存器122是限定在流体可渗透支撑件120和流体不可渗透屏障102之间的腔室104的基本上未被占据的部分。腔室104中的流体可以流过流体可渗透膜118和/或流体可渗透支撑件120到达贮存器122。贮存器122可在其中存储至少一些流体。
在一个示例中，贮存器122可以位于腔室104的最靠近入口110的端部。然而，贮存器122可以位于腔室104中的不同位置。例如，贮存器122可以位于腔室104的最靠近出口112的端部。在另一个示例中，流体收集装置100可以包括多个贮存器，例如位于腔室104的最靠近入口110的端部的第一贮存器和位于腔室104的最靠近出口112的端部的第二贮存器。在另一个示例中，流体可渗透支撑件120与通道108的至少一部分间隔开，并且贮存器122可以是流体可渗透支撑件120和通道108之间的空间。
流体不可渗透屏障、流体可渗透膜、流体可渗透支撑件和腔室的其它示例在2016年9月8日提交的美国专利申请No.15/260,103中公开，其公开内容通过引用整体并入本文。
流体不可渗透屏障102，流体可渗透膜118和流体可渗透支撑件120可构造成具有至少部分地设置在腔室104中的通道108。在一个示例中，流体可渗透膜118和流体可渗透支撑件120中的至少一个可构造成形成容纳通道108的空间。在一个示例中，流体不可渗透屏障102可以限定第一孔124和第二孔126。第一和第二孔124、126的尺寸可以设置成使通道108延伸穿过其中，或者至少一个管(未示出)延伸穿过其中。当在腔室104中设置入口110或出口112时，至少一个管可构造成联接到入口110和/或出口112。第一和第二孔124、126可构造成抵靠通道108或至少一个管形成至少基本上不透流体的密封，从而基本上防止流体逸出腔室104。
如前所述，通道108构造成联接到气体源和流体存储容器并且至少部分地在气体源和流体存储容器之间延伸。在一个示例中，通道108构造成直接连接到气体源或流体存储容器中的至少一个。在这样的示例中，通道108可以从流体不可渗透屏障102延伸至少一英尺，至少两英尺，至少三英尺，或至少六英尺。在一个示例中，通道108构造成用与通道108不同且分开的至少一个管间接地连接到气体源或流体存储容器中的至少一个。在一些实施例中，通道108和/或连接至通道108的管的一部分用导管固定装置，例如可从C.R.Bard，Inc获得的
Figure BDA0002882542430000081
导管固定装置，固定到穿戴者的皮肤，包括但不限于在美国专利号6,117,163，6,123,398，和8,211,063中公开的那些，其公开内容全部通过引用整体并入本文。
入口110和出口112构造成(例如，直接或间接)连接到气体源和流体存储容器。在一个示例中，入口110和/或出口112可以形成阳连接器。在另一个示例中，入口110和/或出口112可以形成阴连接器。在一个示例中，入口110和/或出口112可以包括构造成便于牢固联接的肋。在一个示例中，入口110和/或出口112可以形成锥形形状。在一些示例中，通道108可以包括一个或多个有弹性的部分，例如通过具有允许通道108是柔性的直径或壁厚中的一个或多个来实现。在一个示例中，入口110和/或出口112可包括刚性或柔性材料。
如前所述，通道108包括至少一个孔114。在一个实施例中，至少一个孔114包括单个孔114。在这样的实施例中，孔114可以位于腔室104的重力低点处或其附近。例如，如图所示，单个孔114设置在至少一个贮存器122中或邻近至少一个贮存器122，在入口110处或入口110附近，或在出口112处或出口112附近。将单个孔114定位在腔室104的重力低点处或其附近，使得单个孔114能够接收比单个孔114位于其他地方的情况更多的流体，并降低汇集的可能性(例如，流体的汇集可导致微生物生长和异臭)。例如，流体可渗透膜118和流体可渗透支撑件120中的流体可由于毛细力而沿任何方向流动。然而，流体可以表现出优选在重力方向上流动，特别是当流体可渗透膜118和/或流体可渗透支撑件120的至少一部分被流体饱和时。
在一个示例中，至少一个孔114包括多个孔114(参见图3)。在这样的示例中，出于与上述单个孔114基本相同的原因，多个孔114中的至少一个位于重力低点处或其附近。在一个示例中，其余的孔114中的至少一个也可以位于腔室104的重力低点处或其附近，从而增加流体可以从腔室104除去的速率。在另一个示例中，其余的孔114中的至少一个可以与腔室104的重力低点间隔开，例如与流体可渗透膜118或流体可渗透支撑件120的部分邻近。在这种情况下，与流体可渗透膜118或流体可渗透支撑件120邻近的孔114可直接从流体可渗透膜118或流体可渗透支撑件120接收流体，从而减少流体的停滞(例如，流体的停滞可导致微生物生长和异臭)。
来自气体源的气体配置成从通道108的入口110流到出口112(如箭头所示)。通过通道108的气体的流动使得进入通道108的任何流体朝向出口112流动。孔114可构造成限制流过其中的气体的量。例如，孔114可以以相对于气体流成锐角地延伸穿过一个或多个壁128，或者可以包括止回阀。
在一个示例中，通道108构造成至少可插入到腔室104中。在这样的示例中，通道108可以包括在其外部上的一个或多个标记(未示出)，这些标记构造成便于将通道108插入腔室104中。例如，通道108可包括其上的一个或多个标记，这些标记构造成防止通道108的插入过度或插入不足，例如当通道108限定构造成设置在贮存器122中或邻近贮存器122的孔114时。在另一个示例中，通道108可包括其上的一个或多个标记，这些标记构造成便于通道108相对于腔室104的正确旋转。在一个示例中，一个或多个标记可以包括线、点、贴纸或任何其它合适的标记。此外，流体不可渗透屏障102可包括其上的标记，例如一个或多个标记，以帮助使用者将装置100对准穿戴者。例如，流体不可渗透屏障102上的线(例如，与开口106相对)可以允许医护专业人员将开口106对准穿戴者的尿道上方。在一些示例中，标记可以包括对准引导件或定向指示器中的一个或多个，例如条纹或散列。这种标记可以定位成将装置100对准一个或多个解剖特征，例如耻骨等。
在一个示例中，流体收集装置100的一个或多个部件可以在流体收集装置的可以接触穿戴者或穿戴者的体液的任何表面上包括抗微生物材料，例如抗菌材料。抗微生物材料可以包括抗微生物涂层，例如呋喃西林或银涂层。抗微生物材料可以抑制微生物生长，例如由于体液流体的汇集或停滞而引起的微生物生长。在一些示例中，流体收集装置100的一个或多个部件(例如，不可渗透屏障102，通道108等)可包括气味阻挡或吸收材料，例如含环糊精的材料或热塑性弹性体(TPE)聚合物。
图1的流体收集装置100不使用抽吸将流体拉入通道108。取而代之的是，流体收集装置100依靠重力，毛细管反应等将流体拉入通道108中。然而，本文公开的流体收集装置可构造成使用抽吸将流体拉入其通道中。图2是根据一个实施例的流体收集装置200的示意性剖视图，该流体收集装置构造成将流体主动地拉入其通道208中。除了本文另外公开的以外，流体收集装置200与本文公开的任何流体收集装置相同或基本相似。例如，流体收集装置200可以包括至少部分地限定腔室204和开口206的流体不可渗透屏障202。流体收集装置200还可以包括设置在腔室204中的流体可渗透膜118和流体可渗透支撑件120。流体收集装置200还可以包括至少部分地设置在腔室204中的通道208。
通道208包括抽吸装置230(例如文丘里抽吸装置)，其构造成当气体流过通道208时产生抽吸力。抽吸装置230可包括位于扩大部分234上游的变窄部分232。在变窄部分232中，通道208的内部216的直径通常沿着通道208中的气体(用箭头示出)的流动路径减小。在一个示例中，可以通过将与通道208的壁228一体形成或不同的至少一个障碍物238放置在通道208中，增加通道208的壁228的厚度，或使用任何其它合适的方法来形成变窄部分232。通道208的内部216在变窄部分232中的直径沿着流动路径继续减小，直到直径呈现最小直径。抽吸装置230的扩大部分234在变窄部分232的下游。通道208的内部216在扩大部分234中的直径沿着流动路径增加。在一个示例中，如图所示，通道208的内部216的直径可以突然增加。在另一个示例中，通道208的内部216的直径可以逐渐增加。在任一示例中，在最小直径处或在最小直径的稍微下游处产生真空。
通道208包括至少一个孔214，该孔214定位于邻近由抽吸装置230产生的真空。例如，孔214可位于邻近变窄部分232的最小直径的下游侧或靠近变窄部分232并位于变窄部分232的下游。由抽吸装置230产生的真空在腔室204中产生抽吸力。抽吸力可以将存在于腔室204中的更多流体拉入通道208中，从而减少流体在腔室204中的汇集或停滞。
如前所述，本文公开的流体收集装置的通道可以包括多个孔。另外，通道还可以包括对应于多个孔中的至少一些孔的多个抽吸装置。图3是根据一个实施例的流体收集装置300的示意性剖视图，该流体收集装置300包括具有多个孔314和/或抽吸装置330的通道308。除了本文另外公开的以外，流体收集装置300可以与本文公开的任何流体收集装置相同或相似。例如，流体收集装置300可以包括限定腔室304和开口306的流体不可渗透屏障302。流体收集装置300还可以包括设置在腔室304中的流体可渗透膜318和流体可渗透支撑件320。通道308也可以至少部分地设置在室304中。
通道308包括形成在其中的多个孔314。在一个示例中，多个孔314中的至少一个位于腔室304的重力低点处或其附近，例如设置在贮存器322中或邻近贮存器322。其余的孔314也可以位于腔室304的重力低点处，腔室304的重力低点附近和/或与腔室304的重力低点间隔开。
通道308还可以包括多个抽吸装置330。抽吸装置330可以与图2的抽吸装置230相同或相似。例如，每个抽吸装置330可以包括具有最小直径的变窄部分332和扩大部分334。抽吸装置330可以设置在通道308中，使得至少一些(例如，全部)孔314定位成邻近或靠近相应的抽吸装置330的最小直径和相应的抽吸装置330的最小直径的下游。多个抽吸装置330可产生抽吸力，该抽吸力将流体从腔室304中的多个位置拉入通道308中。例如，多个抽吸装置330可产生抽吸力，该抽吸力将流体从腔室304中的多个位置拉出，从而与一个抽吸装置或无抽吸装置的基本相似的通道相比，限制了腔室304中的汇集或停滞。
图1-3示出和描述了流体收集装置，该流体收集装置包括至少部分地设置在其腔室中的通道。然而，在一些实施例中，通道可以与流体收集装置的腔室间隔开。图4是根据一个实施例的流体收集装置400的示意性剖视图，该流体收集装置400包括与流体收集装置400的腔室404间隔开的通道408。除了本文另外公开的以外，流体收集装置400可以与本文公开的任何流体收集装置相同或基本相似。例如，流体收集装置400可包括限定腔室404和开口406的流体不可渗透屏障402。流体收集装置400还可以包括设置在腔室404中的流体可渗透膜418，流体可渗透支撑件420和贮存器422中的至少一个。
流体收集装置400包括至少部分地设置在腔室404中的导管440。导管440限定至少一个进口442(例如，多个进口)和排出口444。进口442使得存在于腔室404中的至少一些流体能够进入导管440的内部446。在一个示例中，导管440可构造成具有位于腔室404的重力低点处，腔室404的重力低点附近或与腔室404的重力低点间隔开的至少一个进口442。在一个示例中，导管440可构造成具有设置在贮存器422中或邻近贮存器422的至少一个进口442。
导管440可构造成允许通道408与腔室404流体连通。换句话说，通道408经由导管440与腔室404间接流体连通。这样，流体不可渗透屏障402可以限定孔424。在一个示例中，如图所示，当导管440仅部分地设置在腔室404中时，孔424使导管440能够从腔室404向外延伸。在另一个示例中，当导管440完全设置在腔室404中时，孔424使管能够延伸到腔室404中并附接到导管440。例如，导管440可以从第一端区域(例如，靠近孔424)延伸到流体不可渗透屏障102中，并且可以延伸到第二端区域(例如，与第一端区域相对)到达靠近贮存器422的点，使得至少一个进口442与贮存器422流体连通。在一些实施例(未示出)中，导管440可以进入第二端区域，并且导管440的至少一个进口442可以设置在第二端区域中(例如，在贮存器422中)。
通道408可包括限定入口410和出口412的一个或多个壁428。入口410可构造成与气体源(未示出)联接，出口412可构造成与流体存储容器(未示出)联接，使得气体沿箭头所示的方向流过通道408。通道408还包括通路414，该通路414构造成与导管440直接(如图所示)或间接(经由至少一个管)流体连通。在一个示例中，通道408可以包括限定通路414的一个或多个通路壁448。一个或多个通路壁448可以从壁428向外延伸，使得壁428和通路壁448可以共同形成大致T形。在一个示例中，通道408还包括抽吸装置430。抽吸装置430可提供将流体拉入导管440中的抽吸力。在一个示例中，抽吸装置430可以从通道408中省略。
如前所述，通道408可构造成与导管440流体连通。在一个示例中，如图所示，通道408和导管440彼此不同。在这样的示例中，通道408和导管440可以各自使用任何合适的方法附接在一起。例如，通道408的通路414可以形成阴连接器，并且导管440的排出口444可以形成阳连接器，该阳连接器构造成联接到通路414。在另一个实例中，通路414可以形成阳连接器，并且排出口444可以形成阴连接器，该阴连接器构造成联接到通路414。在另一个实例中，通路414可包括阳连接器或阴连接器，排出口444可包括阴连接器的阳连接器，并且流体收集装置400可包括至少一个管(未示出)，该管附接到通路414和排出口444并在通路414和排出口444之间延伸。在另一个示例中，通道408和导管440可以一体地形成在一起(例如，呈现单件构造)。
图1-4中所示的流体收集装置是构造成从女性收集流体(例如，从女性尿道收集尿液)的女性流体收集装置的示例。然而，本文公开的任何流体收集装置可以构造成从男性收集流体(例如，从男性尿道收集尿液)。图5A至5C是根据不同实施例的男性流体收集装置500a-500c的示意性剖视图。
参照图5A，流体收集装置500a包括接收器550a和杯部552a。接收器550a构造成联接到围绕男性尿道的皮肤并且使男性尿道穿过其中定位。例如，接收器550a可包括限定孔556的环形基部554。环形基部554构造成定位于围绕男性尿道(例如，定位于围绕阴茎)，并且孔556可构造成使男性尿道穿过其中定位。环形基部554也可构造成联接(例如，用水凝胶粘合剂粘附地附接)到围绕男性尿道的皮肤。在一个示例中，环形基部554可以呈现皮肤表面的一般形状，环形基部554构造成与皮肤表面联接和/或可以是柔性的，从而允许环形基部554适形于皮肤表面的形状。接收器550a还限定了中空区域558，该中空区域558构造成使杯部552a设置在其中。例如，接收器550a可包括从环形基部554向上延伸的凸缘560，其部分地限定中空区域558。中空区域558足够深，使得杯部552a不可能意外地从中空区域558除去(例如，中空区域558至少为1cm深，至少为2cm深，或至少为5cm深)。
杯部552a包括流体不可渗透屏障502a，其尺寸和形状设置成安装到接收器550a的中空区域558中。流体不可渗透屏障502a部分地限定腔室504a。流体不可渗透屏障502a还限定延伸穿过流体不可渗透屏障502a的开口506a，该开口506a构造成使男性尿道穿过其中定位。流体不可渗透屏障502a还可以限定至少一个孔562a，该孔562a允许腔室504a基本上保持在大气压下。杯部552a还包括至少部分地设置在腔室504a中的通道508a。通道508a包括入口510a和出口512a，入口510a构造成可连通地联接到气体源(未示出)，出口512a构造成可连通地联接到流体存储容器(未示出)，使得气体沿箭头所示的方向流过通道508a。通道508a还限定至少一个孔514a，其允许通道508a的内部516a与腔室504a流体连通。例如，至少孔514a设置在腔室504a中。
在一个示例中，由于男性阴茎的尺寸和刚性不同，腔室504a可以基本上是空的。然而，腔室504a的最外部区域可包括多孔材料(例如，与本文公开的流体可渗透膜和/或流体可渗透支撑件相同或相似)，该多孔材料构造成钝化来自男性尿道的尿流，从而限制飞溅和/或将流体引导至腔室504a的选定区域。由于腔室504a基本上是空的(例如，基本上所有腔室504a形成贮存器)，因此流体可能在腔室504a的重力低点处汇集。腔室504的重力低点可以在个体的皮肤与流体收集装置500a的交点处，在杯部552a中形成的拐角处，或者在另一个合适的位置处。通道508a的孔514a可被构造和定位成邻近或靠近腔室504a的重力低点。在一个示例中，腔室504可以包括设置在其中的流体可渗透膜(未示出)或支撑件(未示出)中的至少一个，其分别类似于本文公开的流体可渗透膜和支撑件。
在操作期间，使用流体收集装置500a的男性可以将流体(例如，尿液)排放到腔室504a中。流体可以汇集或以其它方式收集在腔室504a中。至少一些流体可以经由孔514a进入通道508a的内部516a。从入口510a到出口512a的气体流动可以将进入通道508a的流体推向出口512a。在操作期间，即使流体被引入到腔室504a中并随后从腔室504a中除去，孔562a也将腔室504中的压力基本上维持在大气压力下，气体也可以经由通道508a被引入到腔室504a中和/或从腔室504a中除去，等等。
图5B示出了流体收集装置500b，除了本文另外公开的以外，该流体收集装置500b与图5A的流体收集装置500a相同或基本相似。例如，流体收集装置500b可包括接收器550b和杯部552b。杯部552b可包括限定腔室504b和开口506b的流体不可渗透屏障502b。杯部552b还可包括至少部分地设置在腔室504b中的通道508b。例如，通道508b限定入口510b，出口512b和至少一个孔514b。
通道508b还包括设置在其中的至少一个抽吸装置530b。抽吸装置530b可以与图2-4的抽吸装置230、330或430相同或基本相似。例如，抽吸装置530b包括具有最小直径的变窄部分532b和在变窄部分532b下游的扩大部分534b。抽吸装置530b可定位成使得孔514b邻近其最小直径或靠近变窄部分532b并在变窄部分532b的下游。抽吸装置530b可以施加抽吸力，该抽吸力导致更多的流体进入通道508b，从而限制腔室504b中的汇集或停滞。孔562b基本上维持腔室504b中的大气压力，从而减少了由抽吸力引起的不适和毛细管的破裂。
图5C示出了流体收集装置500c，除了本文另外公开的以外，该流体收集装置500c与图5A和5B的流体收集装置500a、500b相同或基本相似。例如，流体收集装置500c可包括接收器550c和杯部552c。杯部552c可包括限定腔室504c和开口506c的流体不可渗透屏障502c。
流体收集装置500c还包括与腔室504c间隔开的通道508c。通道508c可以与图4的通道408相同或基本相似。例如，通道508c可限定入口510c，出口512c和至少一个通路514c。通道508c还可以包括抽吸装置530c。
流体收集装置500c还包括至少部分地设置在腔室504c中的导管540。导管540构造成允许通道508c与腔室504c间接流体连通。导管540包括至少一个进口542和在进口542下游的排出口544。导管540可以使用本文公开的任何技术附接到通道508c。
如前所述，流体收集装置可以形成包括气体源和流体存储容器的系统的一部分。图6A是根据一个实施例的流体收集系统664a的示意图。系统664a包括流体收集装置600a，该流体收集装置600a包括至少部分地设置在流体收集装置600a的腔室中的通道(未示出)，例如图1-3、5A或5B的流体收集装置100、200、300、500a、500b中的任一个。系统664a还包括气体源668a，其位于流体收集装置600a的上游并与流体收集装置600a的通道的入口流体连通。例如，气体源668a可以与入口直接流体连通(例如，直接附接到入口)，或者可以经由至少一个第一管670a与入口间接流体连通。气体源668a可以包括任何合适的气体源，例如气体的压缩罐(例如大气，氧气，氮气等)，泵，压缩机或壁式气体源。系统664b还包括流体存储容器672a，其位于流体收集装置600a的下游并且与通道的出口流体连通。例如，流体存储容器672a可以与出口直接流体连通(例如，直接附接到出口)，或者可以经由至少一个第二管674a与出口间接流体连通。流体存储容器672a可以包括能够存储流体的任何合适的容器，例如具有容器入口和通风口的容器。
在一个示例中，第一管670a，第二管674a或流体收集装置600a的通道可包括流量计(未示出)，该流量计构造成测量其中的气体和/或流体的流量。在另一个示例中，系统664a可以包括固定装置(例如，
Figure BDA0002882542430000181
固定装置，未示出)，其构造成将第一管670a、第二管674a或流体收集装置600a的通道固定到个体。在一个示例中，第一管670a，第二管674a或流体收集装置600a的通道可以由柔性材料形成，例如由Foley管形成。
在一个示例中，第二管674a或流体收集装置600a的通道中的至少一个可以由至少部分不透明的材料形成，该材料可以遮盖其中存在的流体，从而减少由流体引起的尴尬。例如，第二管674a或流体收集装置600a的通道中的至少一个可以由不透明或几乎不透明的材料形成。在另一个示例中，第二管674a或流体收集装置600a的通道中的至少一个可以由半透明材料形成，例如磨砂管。与不透明或几乎不透明的材料不同，半透明材料允许系统664a的使用者注意到阻止气体或流体流过其中的任何问题。
图6B是根据一个实施例的流体收集系统664b的示意图。除了本文另外公开的之外，系统664b可以与图6A的系统664a相同或基本相似。例如，系统664b可包括与流体收集装置600b的通道608的入口流体连通(例如，经由至少一个第一管670b)的气体源668b和与通道608的出口流体连通(例如，经由至少一个第二管674b)的流体存储容器672b。然而，与系统664a不同，流体收集装置600b的通道608与流体收集装置600b的腔室604间隔开。例如，流体收集装置600b可以与图4或5C的流体收集装置400、500c相同或相似。在这样的示例中，腔室604可以经由导管640或另一管与通道608间接流体连通。
图7是根据一个实施例的使用本文公开的任何流体收集装置和/或流体收集系统的方法700的流程图。方法700可包括动作705，其描述“将流体收集装置的开口定位于邻近女性尿道或围绕男性尿道”。动作705之后可以是动作710，其描述“将来自女性尿道或男性尿道的流体接收到流体收集装置的腔室中”。动作710之后可以是动作715，其描述“使气体从流体收集装置的通道的入口流到出口，这有效地进行以下至少一个：经由形成在通道中的至少一个孔或通路将流体从腔室抽吸到通道中，或者将经由至少一个孔或通路进入通道的流体推向出口”。
方法700的动作705、710、715用于说明目的。例如，方法700的动作705、710、715可以以不同的顺序执行，分成多个动作，修改，补充或组合。在一个示例中，方法700的动作705、710、715中的一个或多个可以从方法700中省略。
动作705描述了“将流体收集装置的开口定位于邻近女性尿道或围绕男性尿道”。在一个示例中，动作705可包括定位女性流体收集装置的开口，使得女性流体收集装置的流体可渗透膜邻接或定位成靠近女性尿道。在另一个示例中，动作705可以包括将男性流体收集装置的接收器定位成围绕男性尿道，使得男性尿道通过接收器的孔定位。在这样的示例中，动作705可以包括将男性流体收集装置的杯部定位在接收器的中空区域中，使得男性尿道通过杯部的开口定位。
动作710描述了“将来自女性尿道或男性尿道的流体接收到流体收集装置的腔室中”。例如，动作710可以包括使用流体可渗透膜和流体可渗透支撑件将流体芯吸离开开口。在另一个示例中，动作710可以包括将流体接收到男性流体收集装置的杯部的腔室中。在任一示例中，动作710可包括使流体流向直接或间接地与通道的孔(例如，图1-3、5A和5B的孔114、214、314、514a或514b)或通路(例如，图4和5C的通路414、514c)流体连通的腔室的一部分。例如，动作710可以包括使流体流到腔室的基本上未被占据的部分(例如，贮存器)，流到腔室的重力低点等。
动作715描述了“使气体从流体收集装置的通道的入口流到出口，这有效地进行以下至少一个：经由形成在通道中的至少一个孔或通路将流体从腔室抽吸到通道中，或者将经由至少一个孔或通路进入通道的流体推向出口”。在一个示例中，动作715可以包括使气体流过至少部分地设置在流体收集装置的腔室中的通道。在另一示例中，动作715可包括使气体流过与流体收集装置的腔室间隔开的通道。在这样的示例中，动作715可以包括使气体流过至少部分地设置在腔室中并且与通道流体连通的导管。
在一个示例中，动作715可以包括使用抽吸装置产生抽吸力。在这样的示例中，动作715可以包括使气体流过和流出抽吸装置的至少一个变窄部分并流入抽吸装置的扩大部分，从而产生有效地将流体从腔室抽吸到通道中的抽吸力。抽吸装置可定位成使得在通道的孔或通路处产生抽吸力，从而使流体进入通道。在一个示例中，动作715可包括使用单个抽吸装置或多个抽吸装置产生抽吸力。在一个示例中，动作715可包括在至少部分地设置在腔室中的通道或与腔室间隔开的通道中产生抽吸力。
在一个示例中，方法700可以包括使气体从气体源流向流体存储容器。在这样的示例中，方法700可以包括使用泵产生气体流，允许气体从压缩气体罐流出，从壁式气体源提供气体等。在一个示例中，方法700可以包括将进入通道的流体收集在与流体收集装置隔开并与出口流体连通的流体存储容器中。
尽管本文已经公开了各种方面和实施例，但是可以预期其他方面和实施例。本文公开的各个方面和实施例是出于说明的目的，而不旨在进行限制。

Claims (20)

1.一种流体收集装置，包括：
流体不可渗透屏障，所述流体不可渗透屏障至少部分地限定腔室，所述流体不可渗透屏障还限定延伸穿过其中的开口，所述开口构造成定位于邻近女性尿道或使男性尿道穿过其中定位；和
通道，所述通道限定入口和出口并在所述入口和所述出口之间延伸，所述出口位于所述入口的下游，所述入口构造成与气体源流体连通，并且所述出口构造成与流体存储容器流体连通，所述通道限定至少一个孔或通路，所述至少一个孔或通路允许所述通道的内部与所述腔室流体连通。
2.根据权利要求1所述的流体收集装置，还包括：
流体可渗透支撑件，所述流体可渗透支撑件设置在所述腔室内；和
流体可渗透膜，所述流体可渗透膜设置在所述流体可渗透支撑件上，所述流体可渗透膜延伸跨过并覆盖所述开口的至少一部分；
其中所述开口构造成定位于邻近所述女性尿道。
3.根据权利要求1和2中任一项所述的流体收集装置，还包括设置在所述腔室中的至少一个贮存器，所述贮存器构造成将流体保持在其中，所述通道的所述至少一个孔或通路设置在所述至少一个贮存器中或邻近所述至少一个贮存器。
4.根据权利要求3所述的流体收集装置，其特征在于，所述贮存器是所述腔室的基本上未被占据的部分，所述贮存器位于所述腔室的端部处。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的流体收集装置，其特征在于，所述通道至少部分地设置在所述腔室中。
6.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的流体收集装置，其特征在于，所述通道与所述腔室间隔开。
7.根据权利要求6所述的流体收集装置，还包括限定至少一个进口的导管，所述进口允许所述通道的内部与所述腔室流体连通，所述导管从所述腔室延伸到所述通道的所述至少一个孔或通路。
8.根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的流体收集装置，其特征在于，所述通道包括设置在其中的至少一个抽吸装置，所述抽吸装置包括具有最小直径的变窄部分和紧接在所述最小直径下游的扩大部分；
其中，所述通道的所述至少一个孔或通路设置于邻近所述最小直径，或设置于靠近所述变窄部分并位于所述变窄部分的下游。
9.一种流体收集系统，包括：
气体源；
流体存储容器，位于所述气体源的下游，所述流体存储容器构造成容纳流体；
如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的流体收集装置，所述流体收集装置位于所述气体源的下游和所述流体存储容器的上游，所述入口与所述气体源流体连通，并且所述出口与所述流体存储容器流体连通。
10.根据权利要求9所述的系统，其特征在于，所述流体收集装置包括设置在所述腔室中的至少一个贮存器，所述贮存器构造成将所述流体保持在其中，所述通道与所述贮存器流体连通。
11.根据权利要求9和10中任一项所述的系统，其特征在于，所述流体收集装置经由至少一个第一管与所述气体源流体连通，并且经由至少一个第二管与所述流体收集装置流体连通。
12.一种收集流体的方法，所述方法包括：
将流体收集装置的开口定位成邻近女性尿道或围绕男性尿道，所述开口由所述流体收集装置的流体不可渗透屏障限定；
将来自所述女性尿道或所述男性尿道的流体接收到所述流体收集装置的腔室中，所述流体收集装置的所述腔室至少部分地由所述流体不可渗透屏障限定；和
使气体从所述流体收集装置的通道的入口流到出口，这有效地进行以下至少一项：
经由形成在所述通道中的至少一个孔或通路将所述流体从所述腔室抽吸到所述通道中；或
将经由所述至少一个孔或通路进入所述通道的所述流体推向所述出口；
其中，所述通道从所述入口延伸至所述出口。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，将来自所述女性尿道的流体接收到所述腔室中包括：
使用延伸穿过所述开口的流体可渗透膜将所述流体芯吸离开所述开口；和
在使用所述流体可渗透膜将所述流体芯吸离开所述开口之后，使所述流体流过设置在所述腔室内的流体可渗透支撑件，所述流体可渗透支撑件支撑所述流体可渗透膜。
14.根据权利要求12和13中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，将来自所述女性尿道或所述男性尿道的流体接收到所述腔室中包括将至少一些所述流体收集在所述流体收集装置的贮存器中，其中所述贮存器与所述通道的所述至少一个孔或通路流体连通。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，将至少一些所述流体收集在贮存器中包括在所述流体可渗透膜的端部处将所述流体收集在所述腔室的基本上未被占据的部分中。
16.根据权利要求12-15中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，使气体从所述通道的入口流到出口包括使所述气体流过所述通道，所述通道至少部分地设置在所述腔室中。
17.根据权利要求12-16中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，使气体从所述通道的入口流到出口包括使所述气体流过所述通道的变窄部分和从所述通道的变窄部分流出，所述至少一个孔或通路位于靠近所述变窄部分和所述变窄部分的下游，其中使所述气体流出所述通道的所述变窄部分产生抽吸力，所述抽吸力有效地经由所述至少一个孔或通路将所述流体从所述腔室抽吸到所述通道中。
18.根据权利要求12-17中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，使气体从所述流体收集装置的入口流到出口包括使气体流过所述通道的多个变窄部分和从所述通道的多个变窄部分流出，其中所述通道的所述至少一个孔或通路包括多个孔，并且所述多个孔中相应的一个孔位于邻近或靠近所述多个变窄部分中的每一个并位于所述多个变窄部分中的每一个的下游，其中使所述气体流出所述通道的所述多个变窄部分中的每一个产生抽吸力，所述抽吸力有效地经由所述多个孔将所述流体从所述腔室抽吸到所述通道中。
19.根据权利要求12-18中任一项所述的方法，还包括将所述流体设置在流体存储容器中，所述流体存储容器与所述流体收集装置间隔开并经由至少一个管与所述出口流体连通。
20.根据权利要求12-19中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，使气体从入口流向出口包括使气体从气源流向所述流体存储容器。
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