CN111071281B - A rail vehicle anti-climbing energy absorption device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a multi-stage energy absorption device for rail vehicles, belonging to the field of passive safety technology for rail transit vehicles. It includes an anti-climber and a cylindrical shell, and the back of the anti-climber is fixed to the front end of a push rod. A circular push plate is provided at the rear end of the push rod, and the rear end face of the circular push plate contacts the front end of an airbag, and the front end face contacts a baffle arranged inside the cylindrical shell; a conical blade is provided on the inner side of the bottom of the cylindrical shell, and a compression spring is provided outside the conical blade, and the tail end of the compression spring is fixed to the inner side of the bottom of the cylindrical shell, and the front end is fixed to the tail end of the airbag; a flange is provided in the middle of the push rod, and a closed space is formed between the flange in the cylindrical shell and the baffle, and aluminum chips are provided. The flange is clearance-matched with the cylindrical shell, and the push plate is clearance-matched with the cylindrical shell. The front end plate of the cylindrical shell and the center of the baffle are both provided with through holes clearance-matched with the push rod. The spring is interference-fitted with the tail end of the conical blade. The airbag is located at the rear of the cylindrical shell.

Description

A rail vehicle anti-climbing energy absorption device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of passive safety of rail transit vehicles and relates to passive safety technology of train ends.

Background Art

The rapid development of rail passenger cars is a reflection of the progress of social science and technology, but its safety deserves deep consideration by designers and managers. When the active safety of the train is out of control, passive safety is the last barrier to protect the safety of passengers and trains. When trains collide with each other, serious climbing accidents may occur due to the vertical load. To avoid this, an energy-absorbing and anti-climbing device is installed at the front end of the train to absorb the impact kinetic energy, thereby achieving a buffering and energy-absorbing effect, protecting the safety of drivers and passengers and on-board equipment to the greatest extent, and minimizing the losses caused by collision accidents.

The existing anti-climbing energy absorption devices for rail vehicles mainly include three types: cutting energy absorption, crushing energy absorption and expansion energy absorption.

The working principle of the crushing energy absorption device is that when the longitudinal impact force acting on the vehicle reaches the crushing trigger force of the crushing element, the crushing device will undergo plastic deformation, thereby absorbing a large amount of energy.

The expansion type energy absorption device mainly includes the expansion of the pipe and the expansion of the gas. It is difficult to effectively control the energy range it absorbs when a collision occurs, and it cannot overcome the shortcomings of low impedance level and small energy absorption capacity.

The working principle of cutting energy absorption is to dissipate energy by utilizing the friction, plastic deformation and tearing generated by metal during the cutting process.

At present, the energy absorption devices are mainly crushing type and expansion type structures. With the continuous innovation of energy absorption devices, the cutting type energy absorption device using the metal cutting principle is a relatively new research. The anti-climbing energy absorption device provided by the present invention comprehensively considers the three energy absorption methods of cutting energy absorption, crushing energy absorption and expansion energy absorption. The airbag is used to expand when absorbing energy; the flange is used to cut each other with the cylindrical shell wall when absorbing energy; and the spring is used to deform and absorb energy when compressed, so as to achieve the complementary advantages and disadvantages between the three methods. In addition, the device is also provided with aluminum chips. When impacted, the aluminum chips are squeezed to achieve the effect of energy absorption and buffering. The whole device is arranged in a front-to-back manner and then arranged side by side to form a three-level energy absorption structure. At the same time, when subjected to too violent impact, the airbag squeezes the spring to touch the cone blade and burst, releasing a large amount of energy to resist the impact, greatly reducing the instantaneous longitudinal impact of the driver and passengers and the equipment on the vehicle, which is very valuable for solving existing problems.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a rail vehicle anti-climbing energy absorption device, which can effectively solve the technical problem of collision energy and step-by-step absorption.

The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a rail vehicle anti-climbing energy absorption device, comprising an anti-climbing device and a cylindrical shell, the back side of the anti-climbing device is fixed to the front end of a push rod, a circular push plate is provided at the rear end of the push rod, the rear end face of the circular push plate contacts the front end of an airbag, and the front end face contacts a baffle arranged inside the cylindrical shell; a conical blade is provided on the inner side of the bottom of the cylindrical shell, a compression spring is provided outside the conical blade, the tail end of the compression spring is fixed to the inner side of the bottom of the cylindrical shell, and the front end is fixed to the tail end of the airbag; a flange is provided in the middle of the push rod, and a closed space is formed between the flange in the cylindrical shell and the baffle and is provided with aluminum chips.

The flange is clearance-matched with the cylindrical shell, and the push plate is clearance-matched with the cylindrical shell.

The front end plate and the center of the baffle of the cylindrical shell are both provided with through holes which are matched with the clearance of the push rod.

The tail end of the compression spring is sleeved on the periphery of the conical blade.

The air bag is located at the rear part of the inner part of the cylindrical shell.

The flange is fixed to the push plate and the push rod. The outer edge of the flange is transitionally matched with the cylindrical shell, and the rest of the parts are clearance matched with the cylindrical shell. An airbag group consisting of four circular airbags of the same shape is set in front and behind the other end of the push plate. The airbags are supported on four compression springs arranged side by side, and a conical blade is arranged inside the compression spring. The conical blade is fixed to the bottom plate inside the cylindrical shell, and the compression spring and the conical blade are interference fit on the wall of the cylindrical shell. The flange and the baffle form a closed space filled with aluminum chips. The front end of the cylindrical shell and the partition are provided with a push rod hole, and the push rod hole is transitionally matched with the push rod. The entire energy absorption device forms a three-stage energy absorption structure, which is arranged in front and back and in parallel in front and back.

Advantages and effects compared with the existing technology: Comprehensive consideration of the three energy absorption methods of cutting energy absorption, crushing energy absorption and expansion energy absorption, using the airbag to expand when absorbing energy; using the flange to cut each other with the cylindrical shell wall when absorbing energy; using the compression spring to deform and absorb energy when compressed, so as to achieve the complementary advantages and disadvantages of the three methods. In addition, the device is also equipped with aluminum chips. When impacted, the aluminum chips are squeezed to achieve the effect of energy absorption and buffering. The entire device is arranged front and back and side by side to form a three-level energy absorption structure. At the same time, when subjected to too violent impact, the airbag squeezes the compression spring to touch the cone blade and burst, releasing a large amount of energy to resist the impact, greatly reducing the instantaneous longitudinal impact of the driver and passengers and the equipment on the vehicle, which is very valuable for solving existing problems.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the airbag and spring structure of the present invention;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the anti-climbing device and aluminum chips structure of the present invention;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the cylindrical housing and the conical blade structure of the present invention;

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

As shown in Figure 1, a rail vehicle anti-climbing energy absorption device includes an anti-climbing device 1 and a cylindrical shell 5. The back side of the anti-climbing device 1 is fixed to the front end of the push rod 2. The rear end of the push rod 2 is provided with a circular push plate 4. The rear end surface of the circular push plate 4 contacts the front end of an airbag 9, and the front end surface contacts the baffle 7 arranged inside the cylindrical shell 5; a conical blade 6 is provided on the inner side of the bottom of the cylindrical shell 5, and a compression spring 10 is provided outside the conical blade 6. The tail end of the compression spring 10 is fixed to the inner side of the bottom of the cylindrical shell 5, and the front end is fixed to the tail end of the airbag 9; a flange 3 is provided in the middle of the push rod 2, and a closed space is formed between the flange 3 in the cylindrical shell 5 and the baffle 7 and is provided with aluminum chips 8.

Furthermore, the flange 3 is clearance-matched with the cylindrical housing 5, and the push plate 4 is clearance-matched with the cylindrical housing 5. The front end plate of the cylindrical housing 5 and the center of the baffle 7 are both provided with a through hole clearance-matched with the push rod 2.

Furthermore, the tail end of the compression spring 10 is sleeved on the periphery of the conical blade 6. The air bag 9 is located at the rear part of the inner part of the cylindrical housing 5.

This anti-climbing energy absorption device for rail vehicles comprehensively considers three energy absorption methods: cutting energy absorption, crushing energy absorption and expansion energy absorption. It uses the airbag to expand when absorbing energy; uses the flange to cut each other with the cylindrical shell wall when absorbing energy; and uses the compression spring to deform and absorb energy when compressed, so as to achieve the complementary advantages and disadvantages of the three methods. In addition, the device is also equipped with aluminum chips. When impacted, the aluminum chips are squeezed to achieve the effect of energy absorption and buffering. The entire device is arranged in a front-to-back manner and then arranged side by side to form a three-level energy absorption structure. At the same time, when subjected to too violent impact, the airbag squeezes the compression spring and touches the cone blade and bursts, releasing a large amount of energy to resist the impact, greatly reducing the instantaneous longitudinal impact of the driver and the equipment on the vehicle. When the locomotive vehicle collides, it first hits the anti-climbing device with tooth grooves, which effectively prevents climbing; the impact force is transmitted to the push rod through the anti-climbing device, and the push rod is then transmitted to the flange and the push plate. The flange and the push plate move backward, the flange squeezes the aluminum chips, and the push plate squeezes the airbag and the compression spring. The aluminum chips, airbag and spring begin to compress and absorb energy. The aluminum chips, airbags and springs form an energy-absorbing structure that is arranged in a row and side by side. When the push rod moves further, the airbag is further compressed and touches the conical blade in the compression spring, which punctures the airbag, releasing a large amount of gas. Together with the elastic potential energy released by the compression spring rebound, a large amount of energy is released in an instant. When the push rod continues to move, the aluminum chips continue to be squeezed, and the other airbags of the airbag continue to repeat the process of compression energy absorption to puncture and release of a large amount of energy. During this process, the flange and the cylindrical shell wall continue to rub and absorb energy until the aluminum chips are completely squeezed, the airbags are completely punctured, and the energy absorption process ends.

The specific implementation methods described in the present invention do not constitute a limitation on the scope of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements that can be made by professionals in the field within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. The utility model provides a rail vehicle prevents climbing energy-absorbing device, includes anticreeper (1) and drum formula shell (5), and the back of anticreeper (1) is consolidated with the front end of push rod (2), its characterized in that: the rear end of the push rod (2) is provided with a round push plate (4), the rear end surface of the round push plate (4) is contacted with the front end of the air bag (9), and the front end surface is contacted with a baffle (7) arranged in the cylindrical shell (5); the inner side of the bottom of the cylindrical shell (5) is provided with a conical blade (6), a compression spring (10) is arranged outside the conical blade (6), the tail end of the compression spring (10) is fixed with the inner side of the bottom of the cylindrical shell (5), and the front end of the compression spring is fixed with the tail end of the air bag (9); the middle part of the push rod (2) is provided with a flange plate (3), a closed space is formed between the flange plate (3) and the baffle plate (7) in the cylindrical shell (5), aluminum scraps (8) are arranged, the outer edge of the flange plate is in transition fit with the cylindrical shell (5), and the flange plate (3) and the inner wall of the cylindrical shell (5) are mutually cut when absorbing energy; the air bag (9) is an air bag group formed by four circular air bags with the same shape.

2. The anti-creeping energy absorber for a railway vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the flange plate (3) is in clearance fit with the cylindrical shell (5), and the push plate (4) is in clearance fit with the cylindrical shell (5); the centers of the front end plate of the cylindrical shell (5) and the baffle (7) are respectively provided with a through hole in clearance fit with the push rod (2); the tail end of the compression spring (10) is sleeved on the periphery of the conical blade (6); the air bag (9) is positioned at the rear part inside the cylindrical shell (5).