CN110550063A - Multistage buffering energy-absorbing device - Google Patents

Abstract

the invention provides a multistage buffering energy-absorbing device, and belongs to the technical field of rail vehicle collision tests. The high-pressure air storage chamber is fixedly connected with the mounting plate, an air inlet device is arranged on the right side wall surface of the high-pressure air storage chamber, an emergency air release device is arranged on the left side wall surface of the high-pressure air storage chamber, the high-pressure air storage chamber is arranged below the second compound flange plate, an air inlet one-way valve is arranged in the middle of the high-pressure air storage chamber, an air outlet one-way valve is arranged on the left side of the middle position of the high-pressure air storage chamber, a second-stage energy absorption device is arranged above the second compound flange plate, the lower half portion of the second-stage energy absorption device is provided with the buffer air spring, the upper half portion of the second-stage energy absorption device is provided with a guide pressing block, the guide pressing block. The energy-absorbing device is mainly used for absorbing collision energy of railway vehicles.

Description

A multi-stage buffer energy-absorbing device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of rail vehicle collision.

Background technique

With the continuous development of my country's railway transportation industry, the speed of trains is also increasing. If a train collision accident occurs, it will cause damage to personnel and rolling stock. In order to avoid a large number of casualties and reduce property losses caused by train collisions, therefore The research on the passive safety of locomotives is of great significance for protecting the safety of drivers and passengers and preventing the loss of goods. The energy-absorbing device is a key link in the crash-resistant design of locomotives and vehicles. When the energy-absorbing device is impacted, the plastic deformation produced will consume energy, and at the same time produce a certain crushing stroke, which will reduce the running speed of the locomotive while absorbing kinetic energy.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage buffer energy-absorbing device, which can effectively solve the technical problems of short action stroke and no emergency energy-releasing device of the existing rolling stock energy-absorbing device.

The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: a multi-stage buffer energy-absorbing device, including a mounting plate, an anti-climbing tooth, a primary energy-absorbing tube and a secondary energy-absorbing tube, the mounting plate is fixed on the end of the vehicle by bolts, and the anti-climbing tooth The inner side of the first-stage energy-absorbing tube is fixed to the front end, the tail end is fixed to the front-end face of the first compound flange, the rear end face of the first compound flange is fixed to the front-end of the second-stage energy-absorbing tube, and the inside of the first-stage energy-absorbing tube A honeycomb aluminum plate is provided; the tail end of the secondary energy-absorbing tube is fixed to the front end of the second compound flange, the inner diameter of the front end of the secondary energy-absorbing tube is provided with a taper, and the guide block is an inverted frustum of cone structure. The bottom of the inverted frustum is provided with a circular guide plate whose outer diameter matches the inner diameter of the secondary energy-absorbing tube, and a cushioning air spring is provided inside the secondary energy-absorbing tube, and the tail of the buffering air spring is in contact with the second compound flange. The front end face is fixed, the tail end face of the second compound flange is fixed to the front end of the cylinder wall of the high-pressure gas storage chamber, and the tail end of the cylinder wall of the high-pressure gas storage chamber is fixed to the front side of the mounting plate.

An air intake check valve is provided at the center of the second compound flange, and an air outlet check valve is provided next to the center and connected to the buffer air spring.

One side of the cylinder wall of the high-pressure gas storage chamber is provided with an air intake device, and the other side is provided with an emergency air release device.

The interior of the primary energy-absorbing tube is a honeycomb aluminum plate. The gas enters the high-pressure air storage chamber through the intake device, and the high-pressure gas enters the air buffer spring through the intake check valve and expands the air buffer spring. Impact anti-climbing teeth, the primary energy-absorbing tube and the honeycomb aluminum plate are folded and deformed to extrude the first compound flange, the front end of the guide block is connected to the bottom of the first compound flange, and the secondary energy-absorbing tube continues to be extruded. The energy-absorbing tube is folded and deformed, and the guide block has an inverted conical structure to increase the frictional resistance of the inner wall and squeeze along the inner wall of the energy-absorbing tube. The guide block continues to squeeze the air buffer spring, and the internal pressure of the air buffer spring increases, and the deformed air buffer spring Energy absorption, when the deformed air buffer spring continues to squeeze and reaches the critical pressure of the gas outlet check valve, the gas outlet check valve opens and the gas enters the high-pressure gas storage chamber, and the released gas does work to absorb energy. When the impact energy is greater than the high-pressure gas storage chamber After the safety pressure is reached, the emergency release valve is opened to release high-pressure gas, and the released gas absorbs the impact kinetic energy.

Through the above technical solutions, the multi-stage buffer energy-absorbing device provided by the present invention makes full use of the energy-absorbing energy of the primary energy-absorbing tube and the honeycomb aluminum plate after the collision, the internal frictional energy-absorbing of the secondary energy-absorbing tube and the guide block, and the air buffer spring and the air outlet. The one-way valve combination is squeezed and deformed by the air buffer spring, and the pressure in the body increases instantly to reach the critical value of the air outlet check valve, and immediately releases the gas to achieve the purpose of energy absorption. The reliability of the air buffer spring can realize the work absorption of the released gas through the emergency pressure relief device. energy while protecting the high-pressure gas storage chamber from being damaged. The invention converts the collision impact damage process of the locomotive into a process of energy absorption by the energy-absorbing tube and the honeycomb aluminum plate and energy release by compression explosion, thereby protecting the damage caused by the collision of the locomotive.

Advantages and effects compared with prior art:

The present invention combines the traditional energy-absorbing tube and the air buffer spring to form the energy-absorbing device of the present invention. By hitting the anti-climbing teeth, the huge energy generated squeezes the energy-absorbing tube and the honeycomb aluminum plate, and continues to squeeze to the air spring to make the air buffer The internal pressure of the spring increases, the deformed air buffer spring absorbs energy, and releases the energy absorbed by the air buffer spring through gas release, making full use of the compressible properties of gas to realize gas energy storage, which has the characteristics of rapid response. The invention has the characteristics of simple structure, strong practicability and high reliability, and provides important test support for the development of new products of energy-absorbing devices for high-speed train vehicles.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

The present invention is a multi-stage buffer energy-absorbing device for compressed gas, as shown in FIG. 1 ; When the multi-stage buffer energy-absorbing device is in working condition, the high-pressure gas storage chamber 2 is first filled with gas through the air intake device 3, and then the high-pressure gas storage chamber is discharged through the intake check valve 4 on the second compound flange 6. The gas in the chamber 2 is charged into the buffer air spring 7 . When bumping into the anti-climbing tooth 11, the whole device is subject to a huge impact force, and what is squeezed is the primary energy-absorbing tube 12 connected to the bottom surface of the anti-climbing tooth 11 and the completely filled primary energy-absorbing tube 12 located in the primary energy-absorbing tube 12. The honeycomb aluminum plate 10, the primary energy-absorbing tube 12 and the honeycomb aluminum plate 10 are folded and deformed by the impact force to squeeze the first double flange 9 and the guide block 8 fixed to the lower surface of the first double flange 9, the guide block 8 Continue to squeeze the secondary energy-absorbing tube 13, and the secondary energy-absorbing tube 13 is folded and deformed. Since the lower end of the guide block 8 is connected to the inner wall of the secondary energy-absorbing tube 13, the guide block 8 is driven to move at the same time, and the guide block 8 continues to squeeze Press the buffer air spring 7, the internal pressure of the extruded buffer air spring 7 increases, and the deformed air spring 7 absorbs energy. When the deformed air buffer spring 7 is continuously squeezed, it reaches the critical pressure of the air outlet check valve 5, and the air outlet valve Open the valve 5 so that the gas enters the high-pressure gas storage chamber 2, and the released gas does work and absorbs energy. When the impact energy is greater than the safe pressure of the gas storage chamber, the emergency gas release valve 14 is opened to release the high-pressure gas to the outside, and at the same time protect the storage chamber. The safety of the gas chamber, if the gas released by the outlet valve does not reach the critical pressure of the high-pressure gas storage chamber, the gas can flow upward through the intake check valve 4 again and be recycled again.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a multistage buffering energy-absorbing device, includes mounting panel (1), anti-creep tooth (11), one-level energy-absorbing pipe (12) and second grade energy-absorbing pipe (13), mounting panel (1) is fixed at the vehicle tip through the bolt, and the inboard of anti-creep tooth (11) is fixed with the front end of one-level energy-absorbing pipe (12), and the tail end is fixed with the preceding terminal surface of first compound ring flange (9), and the rear end face of first compound ring flange (9) is fixed with the front end of second grade energy-absorbing pipe (13), its characterized in that: a honeycomb aluminum plate (10) is arranged in the primary energy absorption pipe (12); the tail end of the second-stage energy absorption pipe (13) is fixed to the front end face of the second compound flange (6), the inner diameter of the front end of the second-stage energy absorption pipe (13) is provided with a taper, the guide block (8) is of an inverted frustum structure, the inverted frustum bottom is provided with a circular guide plate with the outer diameter matched with the inner diameter of the second-stage energy absorption pipe (13), an air buffer spring (7) is arranged inside the second-stage energy absorption pipe (13), the tail portion of the air buffer spring (7) is fixed to the front end face of the second compound flange (6), the tail end face of the second compound flange (6) is fixed to the front end of the cylinder wall of the high-pressure air storage chamber (2), and the tail end of the cylinder wall of the high-pressure air storage chamber (2) is fixed to the.

2. The multi-stage energy-absorbing buffer device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an air inlet one-way valve (4) is arranged in the middle of the second compound flange plate (6), and an air outlet one-way valve (5) is arranged beside the middle of the second compound flange plate and connected with an air buffer spring (7).

3. The multi-stage energy-absorbing buffer device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an air inlet device (3) is arranged on one side of the cylinder wall of the high-pressure air storage chamber (2), and an emergency air leakage device (14) is arranged on the other side of the cylinder wall.