Underwater sediment sampler
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of riverbed sediment sampling, in particular to an underwater bottom sediment sampler.
Background
The sediment (bottom mud) of a body of water can be seen as a reservoir of chemicals that enter the body of water. The chemical components of the sediment can reflect the weathering and erosion effects of rocks and soil flowing through the ground of the make-up water source, and have good indication effects on environmental pollution, natural environmental changes and the like around the water body. Certain substance exchange exists between the sediment and the water body, and chemical components of the sediment have certain influence on the water quality of the water body, organisms in the water and the like. The source of the pollution source can be tracked through the sediment, and the environmental change rule and the influence of human activities on the water quality can be revealed.
At present, a special sampler is generally adopted for collecting samples of sediments in a water body; however, when the conventional sampler is used for sampling bottom mud, the bottom mud is compacted, a water sample is disturbed, the original state of a sampled product is damaged, and the vibration soil liquefaction influences the in-pipe sample; when the temperature difference between the environment of the water body sediment and the atmospheric environment is large, the temperature precision of the sample measured after the sample is taken is not enough; the tube discharging is inconvenient to operate, the pressure is too large, the tube discharging is difficult, a vacuum section is easy to appear in the tube, and the sampling accuracy and precision are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an underwater bottom mud sampler, which solves the problems in the prior art and prevents a sampling pipe and bottom mud from being adhered together to cause difficulty in pipe descending and pipe lifting by dispersing mud nearby the sampling pipe through high-pressure water.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides an underwater bottom mud sampler, which comprises a sampling tube, wherein a piston is arranged in the sampling tube; the bottom of the sampling tube is connected with a plugging tube, and the top of the sampling tube is connected with a sleeve; a sampler sleeve is sleeved outside the sampling tube, the bottom end of the sampler sleeve is fixedly connected with the side wall of the plugging tube, the top end of the sampler sleeve is connected with the sleeve through a connecting plate, and a transmission rod of the piston penetrates through the connecting plate; the upper end of the sampler sleeve is provided with a high-pressure water inlet, a high-pressure water gun is arranged at the high-pressure water inlet, and the lower end of the sampler sleeve is provided with a high-pressure water outlet; and a high-pressure water pipe penetrates through the high-pressure water inlet and the high-pressure water outlet, and the lower end of the high-pressure water pipe is positioned above the plugging pipe.
Optionally, the sampling tube includes a plurality of sampling tube segments connected through a connection ring, one end of each sampling tube segment is provided with an annular flange, the other end of each sampling tube segment is provided with an annular threaded protrusion, an internal thread matched with the threaded protrusion is formed in the connection ring, and an upper pressure plate with an inner diameter smaller than that of the connection ring is fixed at the top of the connection ring; two adjacent sampling pipe joints are connected with the threaded protrusion and the flange through the connecting ring, the connecting ring is clamped on the upper surface of the flange of the sampling pipe joint through the upper pressing plate, and the threaded protrusion of the adjacent sampling pipe joint is screwed through the internal thread.
Optionally, one end of the plugging pipe is provided with a thread bulge, and the other end of the plugging pipe is provided with a wedge-shaped opening; one end of the wedge-shaped opening is hinged with a plugging plate, the end part of the plugging plate is provided with a plugging line hole, the upper end of the sampler sleeve is provided with a plugging line inlet, the lower end of the sampler sleeve is provided with a plugging line outlet, and the plugging line hole, the plugging line outlet and the plugging line inlet are used for penetrating a plugging line.
Optionally, a sealing ring is installed at the bottom of the sampling pipe joint.
Optionally, a sensor hole is formed in the side wall of the sampling pipe joint, and the sensor hole is used for fixedly mounting a sensor.
Optionally, one end of the sleeve is provided with a flange, and the other end of the sleeve is provided with an extension plate; the upper end of the sampler sleeve is provided with an annular extension block, and the extension plate is positioned between the connecting plate and the extension block; the extension plate, the connecting plate and the extension block are fixedly connected through bolts.
Optionally, the lower end of the sampler sleeve is connected with a hollow circular table part, one end of the circular table part is integrally formed with the sampler sleeve, and the other end of the circular table part is connected with the side wall of the plugging pipe; the inner diameter of the connecting end of the circular table part and the sampler sleeve is larger than that of the connecting end of the circular table part and the side wall of the plugging pipe; the high-pressure water outlet and the plugging line outlet are respectively arranged on the side wall of the circular table part.
Optionally, one end of the plugging plate, which is provided with the plugging line hole, is of a wedge-shaped structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the underwater bottom mud sampler provided by the invention adopts the high-pressure water gun to disperse mud near the sampling tube, so that the situation that the sampling tube is difficult to lower and lift the tube together with the bottom mud is prevented; the front end of the sampling tube adopts a wedge-shaped tube opening, so that tube discharging is facilitated; the sectional type sampling tube is adopted, a plurality of sampling tube sections are connected through the connecting ring, when a cut sample is stored, the pressure is reduced, a vacuum section cannot be generated in the process of pushing the sample outwards from the sampling tube, and the original shape of the sample is kept; sensor hole sites are formed in the sampling pipe joints and used for mounting sensors such as temperature sensors, field test data are obtained, and errors caused by environmental influences are small; adopt the shutoff pipe, the sample closed tube bottom when finishing promoting has avoided the sample to run off.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an underwater bottom mud sampler according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connecting ring structure of the underwater bottom mud sampler of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a sampling pipe joint of the underwater bottom mud sampler of the invention;
FIG. 4a is a schematic diagram of the structure state of the underwater bottom mud sampler before plugging the pipe for sampling;
FIG. 4b is a schematic view of the structure of the underwater bottom mud sampler after sampling by the plugging pipe;
wherein, 1 is a sampling tube, 2 is a piston, 3 is a plugging tube, 4 is a sleeve, 5 is a sampling tube sleeve, 6 is a connecting plate, 7 is a high-pressure water inlet, 8 is a high-pressure water outlet, 9 is a connecting ring, 10 is a sampling tube joint, 11 is a flange, 12 is a thread bulge, 13 is an upper pressure plate, 14 is a plugging plate, 15 is a plugging line hole, 16 is a plugging line inlet, 17 is a plugging line outlet, 18 is a sealing ring, 19 is a sensor hole, 20 is an extension plate, and 21 is an extension block.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide an underwater bottom mud sampler, which solves the problems in the prior art and prevents a sampling pipe and bottom mud from being adhered together to cause difficulty in pipe descending and pipe lifting by dispersing mud nearby the sampling pipe through high-pressure water.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The invention provides an underwater bottom mud sampler, which comprises a sampling tube 1 and a piston 2, wherein the sampling tube 1 is internally provided with the piston, as shown in figures 1, 2, 3, 4a and 4 b; the bottom of the sampling tube 1 is connected with a plugging tube 3, and the top of the sampling tube 1 is connected with a sleeve 4; a sampler sleeve 5 is sleeved outside the sampling tube 1, the bottom end of the sampler sleeve 5 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the plugging tube 3, the top end of the sampler sleeve 5 is connected with the sleeve 4 through a connecting plate 6, and a transmission rod of the piston 2 is arranged on the connecting plate 6 in a penetrating way; high pressure water inlet 7 has been seted up to sampler sleeve 5 upper end, high pressure water inlet 7 department is provided with the high-pressure squirt, high pressure water outlet 8 has been seted up to sampler sleeve 5 lower extreme, wear to be equipped with the high pressure water pipe of being connected with the high-pressure squirt in high pressure water inlet 7 and the high pressure water outlet 8, the position of high pressure water pipe is higher than shutoff pipe 3, during the use shutoff pipe 3 is advanced to go into the bed mud, reuse high pressure water pipe is arranged in breaking up surrounding bed mud, treat like this that the sampling article does not receive high pressure water pipe's influence, this kind of design can prevent that the sampling tube is difficult for low tube and lifting pipe.
Specifically, the sampling tube 1 comprises a plurality of sampling tube sections 10 connected through a connecting ring 9, one end of each sampling tube section 10 is provided with an annular flange 11, the other end of each sampling tube section is provided with an annular threaded bulge 12, an internal thread matched with the threaded bulge 12 is arranged in the connecting ring 9, and an upper pressure plate 13 with the inner diameter smaller than that of the connecting ring 9 is fixed at the top of the connecting ring 9; two adjacent sampling tube sections 10 are connected with the threaded protrusion 12 and the flange 11 through the connecting ring 9, the connecting ring 9 is clamped on the upper surface of the flange 11 of the sampling tube section 10 through the upper pressing plate 13, and the threaded protrusion 12 of the adjacent sampling tube section 10 is screwed through internal threads. One end of the plugging pipe 3 is provided with a thread bulge 12, and the other end is a wedge-shaped opening; wedge opening one end is articulated through the hinge has shutoff board 14, and 14 tip of shutoff board is provided with shutoff line hole 15, and 5 upper ends of sampler sleeve pipe have seted up shutoff line entry 16, and 5 lower extremes of sampler sleeve pipe have seted up shutoff line export 17, and shutoff line hole 15, shutoff line export 17 and shutoff line entry 16 are used for wearing to establish the shutoff line.
Preferably, a sealing ring 18 is mounted on the bottom of the sampling pipe section 10 to ensure good sealing performance of the connected sampling pipe 1. A sensor hole 19 is formed in the side wall of the sampling pipe joint 10, and a sensor is fixedly installed in the sensor hole 19. One end of the sleeve 4 is provided with a flange 11, and the other end is provided with an extension plate 20; the upper end of the sampler sleeve 5 is provided with an annular extension block 21, and an extension plate 20 is positioned between the connecting plate 6 and the extension block 21; the extension plate 20, the connecting plate 6 and the extension block 21 are fixedly connected by bolts.
The lower end of the sampler sleeve 5 is connected with a hollow circular table part, one end of the circular table part is integrally formed with the sampler sleeve 5, and the other end of the circular table part is connected with the side wall of the plugging pipe 3; the inner diameter of the connecting end of the circular table part and the sampling device casing pipe 5 is larger than that of the connecting end of the circular table part and the side wall of the plugging pipe 3; the high-pressure water outlet 8 and the plugging line outlet 17 are respectively arranged on the side wall of the circular table part; the end of the plugging plate 14, which is provided with the plugging line hole 15, is of a wedge-shaped structure.
The underwater bottom mud sampler has simple structure and reliable performance. When the sampling tube is used, the blocking plate 14 vertically faces downwards and is positioned on the same vertical horizontal line with the side wall of the blocking tube 3, the wedge-shaped structures at the lower ends of the blocking plate 14 and the blocking tube 3 facilitate tube discharging, the sampling tube 1 and the blocking tube 3 slowly descend during tube discharging until entering bottom mud, then a high-pressure water gun is adopted, slurry near the sampling tube is dispersed by the high-pressure water gun, the situation that the sampling tube is difficult to discharge tubes and lift tubes when being adhered to the bottom mud is prevented, and samples are guaranteed not to be disturbed; when reacing the sample district section, through promoting piston 2, make and form the negative pressure in the sampling tube 1 to take a sample, after the sample was accomplished, through the shutoff line that promotes 16 departments of shutoff line entry, control shutoff board 14 rotates around the pin joint, until the opening of the closed shutoff pipe 3 lower extreme of shutoff board 14, keep 3 lower extremes of shutoff pipe closed, carry out the pipe operation, take out the sample, avoided carrying a tub in-process sample loss. The sensor hole 19 formed in the sampling pipe joint 10 is used for installing sensors such as temperature sensors, can test data in real time, and is small in error due to environmental influence. Adopt the sectional type sampling tube, a plurality of sampling tube joints 10 pass through go-between 9 and connect, and when the cutting sample was preserved, reduced pressure, from sampling tube 1 toward the outside propelling movement sample in-process can not produce the vacuum section, have kept the original state nature of sample.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.