CN108051257A - Underwater mud back-silts object sampler and underwater sampling method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention proposes that a kind of underwater mud back-silts object sampler and underwater sampling method, can realize underwater unattended, and small to the disturbance in region of back-silting, sampling efficiency is high, and risk is low.The underwater mud back-silts object sampler including sampling assemble and for the sampling assemble to be supported in water-bed supporting item；The sampling assemble includes vertically being arranged at sampler barrel on the supporting item, the piston that can be vertically slided in the sampler barrel and can relatively described sampler barrel fall to drive the counterweight of the piston upward sliding；The bottom of the sampler barrel is equipped with the sample tap with check valve, and the piston is slidingly sealed cooperation with sampler barrel inner wall；The counterweight is arranged at outside the sampler barrel, and is passed through connector and be connected with the top of the piston.

Description

Underwater mud return silt sampler and underwater sampling method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of subsea foundation bed construction, and in particular relates to an underwater mud return silt sampler and an underwater sampling method.

Background technique

In submarine construction, such as deep-water construction of immersed tube tunnels, it is usually necessary to lay a crushed stone bed first. After the crushed stone bed is laid, due to the high sand content in the water area, and there is a certain thickness of silt on the original mud surface of the bed , with the disturbance of water flow, it will cause the problem of back-silting. In order to ensure the follow-up construction quality, it is necessary to check the return amount of the foundation bed and the composition of the return silt, and then determine whether it can meet the requirements of deep water construction.

At present, the inspection of underwater mud return silt is usually carried out by means of underwater sampling by divers. For example: Chinese patent CN104596803A discloses a deep-water mud sampler, which can facilitate divers to sample back mud. However, this deep-water silt sampler still requires divers to operate underwater, and the silt-back area is greatly disturbed during sampling, and the sampling efficiency is low and the risk is high.

Therefore, when sampling the underwater mud back silt, how to reduce the disturbance to the back silt area, improve the sampling efficiency, and reduce the sampling risk is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the above technical problems, the present invention proposes an underwater mud return silt sampler and an underwater sampling method, which can realize underwater unmanned operation, less disturbance to the silt return area, high sampling efficiency and low risk.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

The underwater mud return sludge sampler includes a sampling assembly and a support for supporting the sampling assembly at the bottom of the water; the sampling assembly includes a sampling cylinder arranged vertically on the support, which can be a piston that slides vertically in the sampling cylinder, and a counterweight that can fall relative to the sampling cylinder to drive the piston to slide upward; the bottom end of the sampling cylinder is provided with a sampling port with a one-way valve, The piston is slidingly and sealingly matched with the inner wall of the sampling cylinder; the counterweight is arranged outside the sampling cylinder and connected with the top end of the piston through a connecting piece.

Preferably, the sampling cylinder is provided with a protective cover.

Preferably, the counterweight is ring-shaped and sleeved outside the protective cover or the sampling cylinder.

Preferably, the outer wall of the protective cover or the sampling cylinder is provided with a bracket for holding the counterweight, and the bracket can be extended or retracted relative to the outer wall of the protective cover or the sampling cylinder.

Preferably, the protective cover or the outer wall of the sampling cylinder is provided with a limit block for limiting the maximum drop height of the counterweight.

Preferably, the sampling cylinder is made of glass material, and the piston is made of rubber material.

Preferably, the connector is a steel wire rope.

The present invention also provides an underwater sampling method using the underwater mud return silt sampler described in any one of the above technical solutions, comprising the following steps:

The underwater mud back to the silt sampler is sunk to the bottom of the silt back area, the support of the underwater mud back to the silt sampler is supported on the bottom of the water, and the sampling cylinder is vertical to the bottom of the water; The relative position of the counterweight and the sampling cylinder is to ensure that the piston in the sampling cylinder is always at the initial position;

releasing the counterweight, causing the counterweight to fall relative to the sampling cylinder under its own gravity, and then drive the piston to slide upwards to suck the underwater mud back into the sampling cylinder through air pressure;

The underwater mud return sludge sampler is recovered to complete the sampling operation.

Preferably, when the underwater mud return silt sampler is lowered, the relative position of the counterweight and the sampling cylinder is controlled to remain unchanged by supporting the counterweight through an extended support block.

Preferably, the counterweight is released by controlling the retraction of the support block.

Compared with prior art, advantage and beneficial effect of the present invention are:

1. The underwater mud return silt sampler provided by the present invention drives the piston in the sampling cylinder to slide through the set counterweight, realizes automatic sampling by using the air pressure difference, and realizes underwater unmanned sampling without the need for divers to operate underwater , little disturbance to the back-silting area, high sampling efficiency and low risk;

2. The underwater mud return silt sampler provided by the present invention can accurately sample a designated area with high sampling accuracy.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the underwater mud return silt sampler that the embodiment of the present invention provides;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view along line A-A in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the sampling process of the underwater sampling method provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

In the above figures: 1. Support member; 2. Sampling component; 21. Counterweight; 22. Piston; 23. Sampling cylinder; 231. Sampling port; 3. Check valve; 4. Connector; 5. Protective cover ; 6, support block; 7, limit block; 8, water surface; 9, bottom; 10, back silting area.

Detailed ways

In the following, the present invention will be specifically described through exemplary embodiments. It should be understood, however, that elements, structures and characteristics of one embodiment may be beneficially incorporated in other embodiments without further recitation.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "inside", "outside", "top", "bottom", "front", "rear" etc. are based on those shown in Figure 1 The positional relationship is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but does not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention relates to an underwater mud return sludge sampler, including a sampling assembly 2, and a support 1 for supporting the sampling assembly 2 on the bottom of the water; the sampling assembly 2 includes The sampling cylinder 23 arranged on the support member 1, the piston 22 that can slide in the sampling cylinder 23 along the vertical direction, and the counterweight 21 that can fall relative to the sampling cylinder 23 to drive the piston 22 to slide upward; the bottom of the sampling cylinder 23 The end is provided with a sampling port 231 with a one-way valve 3, and the piston 22 is in sliding and sealing cooperation with the inner wall of the sampling cylinder 23, so that the sampling cylinder 23 can only communicate with the outside through the sampling port 231; the counterweight 21 is arranged on the outside of the sampling cylinder 23 , and connected to the top of the piston 22 through the connecting piece 4 .

In the above-mentioned underwater mud return sludge sampler, as shown in FIG. 1 , the support member 1 is located at the bottom of the sampling cylinder 23 to ensure that the sampling assembly 2 is stably supported on the bottom of the water. It should be noted that the support 1 may be a support frame or a plurality of legs, as shown in FIG. 2 , the support 1 in this embodiment is specifically a support frame. It can be understood that the structure of the supporting member 1 is not limited to the supporting frame or legs listed above, and those skilled in the art can also use other reasonable supporting members 1 as long as they can play a stable supporting role.

Further, in the above-mentioned underwater mud return sludge sampler, the sampling component 2 is used for sampling the underwater mud return sludge. When in use, the counterweight 21 is released to make it fall under its own gravity, and then the piston 22 is driven to slide upwards along the sampling cylinder 23, so that a pressure difference is generated inside and outside the sampling cylinder 23, and the underwater mud is returned to the silt from the one-way valve. The sampling port 231 of 3 sucks in the sampling cylinder 23, because the sampling port 231 is provided with the one-way valve 3, can guarantee that the silt that sucks in the sampling cylinder 23 will not flow out from the sampling port 231. It should be noted that the sampling cylinder 23 can be made of glass, and the piston 22 can be made of rubber to ensure the tightness of the sampling cylinder 23 . In addition, as a preference, as shown in Figure 1, the connecting piece 4 is a steel wire rope, and the steel wire rope is used as the connecting piece 4, which can realize the flexible connection between the counterweight 21 and the piston 22, and is more conducive to utilizing the gravity of the counterweight 21 Drive piston 22 to slide.

In order to prevent the sampling cylinder 23 from being damaged due to external water pressure, as shown in FIG. 1 , the sampling cylinder 23 is covered with a protective cover 5 . When the underwater mud return silt sampler sinks to the bottom of the water, the protective cover 5 provided can withstand the external water pressure and play the role of protecting the sampling cylinder 23 .

Further, as shown in FIG. 2 , the counterweight 21 is ring-shaped and sleeved outside the protective cover 5 . The use of such an annular counterweight 21 is more conducive to ensuring the balance of the underwater mud return silt sampler during the sampling process. It can be understood that, when the protective cover 5 is not provided, the ring-shaped counterweight 21 can be sleeved outside the sampling cylinder 23 .

In order to prevent the counterweight 21 from falling relative to the sampling cylinder 23 during the sampler sinking process, causing wrong sampling, as a preference, as shown in Figure 1, the outer wall of the protective cover 5 is provided with a support for supporting the counterweight 21. The bracket 6 , the bracket 6 can extend or retract relative to the outer wall of the protective cover 5 . When the underwater mud is returned to the silt sampler, the supporting block 6 is stretched out to hold the counterweight 21, and the supporting block 6 is controlled to retract during sampling. After the counterweight 21 loses the support of the supporting block 6, it will fall under gravity. It should be noted that the drive and control method for the expansion and contraction of the support block 6 is not specifically limited in this embodiment, as long as it can control and drive the expansion and contraction of the support block 6, it can be applied, for example, the expansion and contraction of the support block 6 It can be driven by a telescopic rod, and its control can be controlled by a controller. It can be understood that, when the protective cover 5 is not provided, the support block 6 can be arranged on the outer wall of the sampling cylinder 23 , and can extend or retract relative to the outer wall of the sampling cylinder 23 . In addition, it should also be noted that the support block 6 may not be provided, and the counterweight 21 is held by a sling or the like during the process of sinking and placing the sampler, so as to prevent it from driving the piston 22 to slide upwards, resulting in wrong sampling.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1 , the outer wall of the protective cover 5 is provided with a limit block 7 for limiting the maximum drop height of the counterweight 21 . It can be understood that, when the protective cover 5 is not provided, the limit block 7 can be provided on the outer wall of the sampling cylinder 23 .

As shown in Figure 3, the embodiment of the present invention also provides an underwater sampling method using the underwater mud return silt sampler described in any one of the above embodiments, comprising the following steps:

S1: sink the underwater mud return silt sampler to the water bottom 9 of the silt return area 10, make the support 1 of the underwater mud return silt sampler support the water bottom 9, and the sampling cylinder 23 is perpendicular to the water bottom 9; During the process, the relative position of the counterweight 21 and the sampling cylinder 23 is controlled to ensure that the piston 22 in the sampling cylinder 23 is always at the initial position.

In this step, it should be noted that the lowering operation can be performed through a lifting device installed on the ship. As shown in Figure 3, as a kind of preference, in this embodiment, when sinking the underwater mud back to the sludge sampler, the counterweight 21 is supported by the protruding support block 6, thereby controlling the counterweight 21 and sampling The relative position of the barrel 23 does not change. In addition, the counterweight 21 can also be hung with a sling when sinking, and the relative position of the counterweight 21 and the sampling cylinder 23 can be controlled by controlling the speed at which the sling is released, so as to ensure that the piston 22 in the sampling cylinder 23 is always at the initial position. Location.

S2: Release the counterweight 21, so that the counterweight 21 falls relative to the sampling cylinder 23 under its own gravity, and then drives the piston 22 to slide upwards to suck the underwater mud and silt into the sampling cylinder 23 through air pressure.

In this step, as shown in FIG. 3 , the retraction of the supporting block 6 is specifically controlled to release the counterweight 21 . In addition, when the counterweight 21 is suspended by a sling, the counterweight 21 can be released by loosening the sling.

S3: Recover the underwater mud return silt sampler to complete the sampling operation.

The underwater mud return silt sampler provided by the present invention drives the piston 22 in the sampling cylinder 23 to slide through the set counterweight 21, and realizes automatic sampling by using the air pressure difference, without the need for divers to carry out underwater operations, and realizes underwater no-slip sampling. Sampling by humans has little disturbance to the silting area, high sampling efficiency and low risk. Moreover, the underwater mud return silt sampler provided by the present invention can accurately sample a designated area, and the sampling accuracy is high.

Claims (10)

1. An underwater mud return silt sampler, characterized in that: comprising a sampling assembly (2), and a support (1) for supporting the sampling assembly (2) at the bottom of the water; The sampling assembly (2) includes a sampling cylinder (23) vertically arranged on the support (1), a piston (22) that can slide vertically in the sampling cylinder (23), And a counterweight (21) that can fall relative to the sampling cylinder (23) to drive the piston (22) to slide upward; The bottom end of the sampling cylinder (23) is provided with a sampling port (231) with a one-way valve (3), and the piston (22) slides and seals with the inner wall of the sampling cylinder (23); the counterweight (21 ) is arranged outside the sampling cylinder (23), and is connected with the top end of the piston (22) through a connecting piece (4). 2. The underwater mud return silt sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sampling cylinder (23) is covered with a protective cover (5). 3. The underwater mud return silt sampler according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the counterweight (21) is annular, and is sleeved on the protective cover (5) or the sampling cylinder ( 23) Outside. 4. The underwater mud return silt sampler according to claim 3, characterized in that: the outer wall of the protective cover (5) or the sampling cylinder (23) is provided with a support for supporting the counterweight (21) A support block (6), the support block (6) can extend or retract relative to the outer wall of the protective cover (5) or the sampling cylinder (23). 5. The underwater mud return silt sampler according to claim 3, characterized in that: the outer wall of the protective cover (5) or the sampling cylinder (23) is provided with a maximum for limiting the counterweight (21) The limit block (7) of falling height. 6. The underwater mud return silt sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sampling cylinder (23) is made of glass material, and the piston (22) is made of rubber material. 7. The underwater mud return silt sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that: the connecting piece (4) is a steel wire rope. 8. utilize the underwater sampling method of the underwater mud return silt sampler described in any one of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps: The underwater mud return silt sampler is submerged to the water bottom (9) of the silt return area (10), so that the support (1) of the underwater mud return silt sampler is supported on the water bottom (9), The sampling cylinder (23) is perpendicular to the water bottom (9); the relative position of the counterweight (21) and the sampling cylinder (23) is controlled during the sinking process to ensure that the piston (22) in the sampling cylinder (23) always at the initial position; Release the counterweight (21), so that the counterweight (21) falls relative to the sampling cylinder (23) under the action of its own gravity, and then drives the piston (22) to slide upwards to displace the water by air pressure. The mud returns to the silt and is sucked in the sampling cylinder (23); The underwater mud return sludge sampler is recovered to complete the sampling operation. 9. The underwater sampling method according to claim 8, characterized in that: when placing the underwater mud back to the sludge sampler, the counterweight (21) is supported by the protruding bracket (6) The relative positions of the counterweight (21) and the sampling cylinder (23) are controlled to remain unchanged. 10. The underwater sampling method according to claim 8, characterized in that: the counterweight (21) is released by controlling the retraction of the support block (6).