CN1085081A - 药物及其它剂型 - Google Patents
药物及其它剂型 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1085081A CN1085081A CN93106967A CN93106967A CN1085081A CN 1085081 A CN1085081 A CN 1085081A CN 93106967 A CN93106967 A CN 93106967A CN 93106967 A CN93106967 A CN 93106967A CN 1085081 A CN1085081 A CN 1085081A
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Abstract
由含明胶、果胶和/或大豆纤维蛋白和一种或多
种含约2—12个碳原子的氨基酸的基体制得的速溶
固体剂型。
Description
本发明涉及从冷冻基体混合物中除去固体冷冻溶剂以制备产品的方法。
冷冻干燥是干燥热敏物质使其免受热损伤的公知方法。过去,含活性组份如药物、营养素、诊断剂、肥料和杀虫剂的制品是通过将含这些生物活性组份的水溶液或悬浮液冷冻干燥来制备的。常规的冷冻干燥方法包括在低温下冷冻物质,然后在高真空下升华脱水。
但使用常规冷冻干燥方法带来的一个问题是被冷冻干燥制品的破裂。破裂一般是由于结冰过程中产生的应力所造成的。然而破裂并不是所期望的,尤其是在采用滴入法冷冻时。在该方法中冻结滴的破裂通常导致裂缝滴的无用和粗糙的残余。
使用已知冷冻干燥方法遇到的另一个问题是被称之为“回熔”的现象。当干燥过程中所需的热量熔解冷冻物质时即发生回熔。就此而论,回熔使通过与蒸发相反的升华冷冻干燥除水的全部目的无法达到。为了避免常规冷冻干燥方法中的回熔,可以在一次干燥限定量的限定厚度的物质,或用另一方法,不得不使用极低的温度,因此极大地延长了升华所需时间。即使使用这些限制,常规冷冻干燥方法总不足以防止回熔。
常规冷冻干燥方法的另一个内在问题是被冷冻干燥的物质缺乏抗破碎性,即其强度很低。冷冻干燥方法通常产生使用时易破碎的产品。为了防止发生这一问题采用了各种冷冻干燥和包装方法。例如美国专利4,305,502描述了一种方法,该方法是在真空下于一张膜物质上用冷冻干燥法形成一种成形制品。但这种包装技术并不能避免常规冷冻法所具有的问题,这些片剂若被变换成其它包装形成时仍然易于破碎。
在医药领域,已知的冷冻干燥剂型在其与适宜溶剂如水、唾液或胃肠液接触时并不总是表现出快的溶解速率。当希望药物尽可能快地进入生理体系的情况下。药物剂型的快速溶解可能是极为重要的。例如许多个体,特别是儿科和老年病人在吞服固体、慢溶的片剂和胶囊时感到困难和不适。在动物进行兽医治疗中对动物口服给药时也会遇到同样的困难。
已经开发了用冷冻干燥法制备冷冻干燥药物剂型的多种方法以提供快速溶解剂型。美国专利2,166,074、3,234,091、4,371,516和4,302,502及英国专利698,767和1,310,824均涉及可快速溶解的冷冻干燥剂型。另外美国专利4,642,093报导了一种使用可产生速溶药物剂型的常规冷冻干燥技术制备冷冻干燥泡沫剂型的工艺。常规冷冻干燥方法另一个内在问题是冷冻干燥产品缺乏均匀的孔隙率。均匀的孔隙率对于后负载活性剂的药物剂型是至关重要的。因此需要有一种制备剂型的方法,该剂型可避免破碎和回熔并具有足够的强度孔隙率以及吸收时表现出快速溶解。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种改进的固体剂型,它包括可快速溶于水中的基体物质的孔隙网络。基体物质由至少约0.1%(重量)的基体成形剂组成。该基体成形剂选自明胶、果胶、大豆纤维蛋白和其混合物,以及一种或多种含有约2-12个碳原子的氨基酸。优选的氨基酸是甘氨酸,而优选的基体成形剂是明胶和/或果胶。在一个特别优选的实施方案中,剂型还含有甘露糖醇。
通过将基体物质溶液冷冻干燥或固态溶解制成剂型。在本发明的一个优选方案中,用于制成本发明剂型的基体物质溶液含有约0.1%-约15%(重量)的基体物质。优选地基体物质溶液含有约0.1%-约3%(重量)的基体成形剂,约0.5%-约10%(重量)的一种或多种氨基酸和约0.5%-约10%(重量)的甘露糖醇。
当使用冷冻干燥以形成本发明固体剂型时,剂型中含有的任何活性或生物活性剂均可便利地以包衣形式存在。在该实施方案中,活性或生物活性剂以颗粒形式存在,该试剂的微粒用适当的涂敷剂进行包衣,以保护活性或生物活性剂免受工艺溶剂、口或其它粘膜腔的含水环境或将减小或破坏所述活性的外界条件的影响。这些涂敷物质可选自亲水或疏水性的天然或合成的聚合物或其它疏水性物质,如脂肪酸、甘油酯、三甘油酯及其混合物。用此方法可掩盖活性或生物活性剂的味道,同时使该固体剂型与生理溶剂接触时快速溶解。根据本发明可被涂敷的活性剂的实例包括醋氨酚、异丁苯丙酸、氯苯吡胺马来酸酯、假麻黄碱和detromethorphan。
本发明剂型与现有技术剂型,特别是那些用冷冻干燥法制备的现有技术剂型相比十分耐用。此外,与现有技术剂型相比,尤其是与用冷冻干燥法制备的现有技术剂型相比,本发明的剂型在高温或高湿度条件下表现出极大地减小了的收缩或不收缩。本发明剂型在水中快速(如在不到10秒内)分散。
可通过从固化样品中除去固体溶剂的固态溶解法制备本发明的剂型。在该方法中,将一种或多种释放基体成形剂(和任选的待释放的样品)溶解或分散于第一种溶剂中。固化并随后在第二种溶剂的凝固点或高于该凝固点且等于或低于第一种溶剂凝固点的温度下与第二种溶剂接触。凝固态的第一种溶剂与第二种溶剂可基本混溶,而基体成形剂(和样品,如果存在)基本不溶于第二种溶剂。籍此从固化基体中基本除去第一种溶剂得到基本不含第一种溶剂的固体基体(可任选地含有样品)。
或者将一种或多种基体成形剂(和任选的待释放的一种样品)分散或溶解于第一种溶剂,然后将单位体积的溶液或分散液固化。将固化的单位体积与上段所述第二溶剂接触。在一种可供选择的方案中,可将制备的剂型与生物活性剂接触以制得具有分散于其中的特定量生物活性剂的剂型。
本发明的另一个目的是提供给使用者可以将其加至介质中随即获得所需浓度的溶液或分散液的化学品的固体载体体系。本发明的另一个附加目的是提供包括活性组份如药物、营养素、诊断剂、糖果、肥料和杀虫剂的剂型。
用有极少裂缝或回熔的制备样品制得本发明的剂型。它们在适宜的溶剂中速溶,具有均匀的孔隙率和足够的使用强度,即在正常的制造和使用条件下的抗分裂和抗破碎性。
本发明的剂型特别是含甘氨酸做为基体组份之一的剂型具有下述优点:快速溶解和崩解、怡人的味道和口感、具有营养价值、低卡路里含量及无卡路里产生。在药物应用领域,本发明的剂型在与生理溶剂如水、唾液或胃肠液接触时具有快速溶解作用。因此本发明药物剂型提供了在吸收过程中更快速地分散药物于体内。
药物应用包括各种剂型,包括具有粘液粘性或预定以控制速率释放药物的剂型;预定在眼睛、阴道内、直肠和其它身体通道内释放药物的剂量单位;预定替代液体制剂的固体剂型;溶解(再构)后用于局部用途的无水药用制品;用于局部用途的药用单位或片层制剂;具有不怡人的感官性能药物的更为可口剂型的制剂;用于吞咽片剂或胶囊困难的人的口服给药的剂型。
本发明的实施方案可被用于各种用途。食品工业用途包括由食品组成的无水产品的制备和提供;提供在干燥过程中对固态物质的选择性萃取方法;糖果产品的制备;用于改进性能(如味道色泽等)或饮水质量的剂量单位的制备。兽医应用包括兽医用途的剂量单位的制备;水族动物护理和喂养产品的制备。做为美容用途可提到的是溶解后用于医疗和美容用途的无水体系的制备。诊断用途包括酶/辅助因子和生化载体系统。卫生用途为,例如,净水剂量单位的制备或个人家庭和工业用途的香味载体单位的制备。其它应用包括用于绘画和其它艺术用途的颜料应用的可重构载体单位;在水或雨水存在时可释放活性组份的农业和园艺产品;易于除去的模型或样板物质的制备或用于建筑或制造业的易于除去的空间保持和/或校直辅助物质的制备。
尽管下面的描述集中在包括药物做为活性组份,但应理解本发明方法和剂型的良好的特性可被有利地用于许多不同类型的活性剂。
用于制备释放物质和剂型的固态溶解法开始使用在第一溶剂中的至少一种基体成形剂的混合物。该混合物实际上可含水并可在适宜的第一溶剂中含有各种化学品、药品和辅药。以控制速率使所得混合物冷却直至完全固化,然后在低于第一溶剂熔点的温度下将其浸入一适宜的第二溶剂中,当基体和任意化学品或药物存在于起始混合物中时,固化的第一溶剂基本溶于第二溶剂并生成基本不含第一溶剂的固体产品。随后可将剩余的第二溶剂蒸发,从第二溶剂浴中除去基体物质。另外也可将样品与挥发性大于第二溶剂的一种或多种附加溶剂接触以除去剩余的第二溶剂。
可被加到起始混合物中的各种组份可包括基体成形剂和次级组份。适宜用于本发明的基体成形剂包括由动物或植物蛋白得到的物质,如明胶、糊精和大豆、小麦及欧车前种子蛋白;树胶,如阿拉伯树胶、瓜尔胶、琼脂和黄原胶;多糖类;藻酸盐;羧甲基纤维素;卡拉酸;葡聚糖;果胶;合成聚合物,如聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮;和多肽/蛋白或多糖类混合物如明胶-阿拉伯树胶混合物。
其它适用于本发明的基体成形剂包括糖,如甘露糖醇、葡萄糖、乳糖和半乳糖;环糖,如环糊精;无机盐,如磷酸钠、氯化钠和硅酸铝;及含2-12个碳原子的氨基酸,如甘氨酸、L-丙氨酸、L-天冬氨酸、L-谷氨酸、L-羟基脯氨酸、L-异亮氨酸、L-亮氨酸和L-苯丙氨酸。本领域技术人员能够分辨出可用于本发明的其它可接受的基体成形剂。
固化前可将一种或多种基体成形剂掺入溶液或悬浮液中。基体成形剂可在有或没有表面活性剂情况下存在。除了形成基体,基体成形剂还有助于使任意活性组份保持分散于溶液或分散液中。这特别有助于当活性剂不能充分溶于水中且因此而必须被悬浮而不是溶解的情况。
次级组份如防腐剂、调味剂、抗氧剂、表面活性剂、增甜剂、增稠剂或色素也可加到配方中。其它次级组份包括用于给药或释放的活性或生物活性剂。这些活性剂可以包括药物、营养素、维生素、矿物质、诊断剂、肥料和杀虫剂。可以混入起始混合物的药剂的实例包括:氯苯吡胺马来酸酯、假麻黄碱、detromethorphan、二盐酸氯苯甲嗪、氟哌丁苯、舒喘灵硫酸盐、晕海宁、及2,3-苯并二嗪如安定、氯羟安定和其同类物。但是实际上任何药剂均可用在与本发明有关的方面,或者把药物加到将被固化的混合物中,或者把药物后负载于预制的安慰剂释放基体或剂型上。
用本发明方法制备的样品的溶解速度主要由所选择的基体成形剂及其浓度决定。特别是下述实施例提到的剂型的大小将会很快地溶解或分散,例如在不到10秒或更快,如不到5秒或更少,如不到3秒。可被用做基体成形物质以制备安慰剂或基体的化合物(单独或组合物)包括羟乙基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠,微晶纤维素、谷物糖浆固体、麦芽糖糊精、聚葡萄糖、果酸、卡拉酸、琼脂、聚氨基葡糖、刺槐豆胶、黄原胶、黄蓍胶、瓜耳胶、魔芋粉、米粉、小麦蛋白、淀粉甘醇酸酯钠、明胶(药物或食品级)、大豆纤维蛋白、土豆蛋白、木瓜蛋白酶、辣根过氧化物酶、甘氨酸、甘露糖醇、环糊精(包括β-环糊精和羟丙基-β-环糊精)、蔗糖、木糖醇、半乳糖、葡萄糖、聚半乳糖醛酸、硅铝酸镁、三硅酸镁或天然粘土。
优选的基体成形剂包括药品级明胶、果胶(未水解的、部分水解或水解的),甘氨酸和甘露糖醇,单独或它们的组合。
本发明的另一个方面是提供了改进的固体剂型,包括快速(特别是在少于约10秒内)分散于水中的基体物质的孔隙网络。在这些剂型中基体物质是由至少约0.1%(重量)的基体成形剂组成,该基体成形剂选自:明胶、果胶、大豆纤维蛋白及其混合物,和含有约2-12个碳原子的一种或多种氨基酸。这些氨基酸包括:如甘氨酸、L-丙氨酸、L-天冬氨酸、L-谷氨酸、L-羟基脯氨酸、L-异亮氨酸、L-亮氨酸和L-苯丙氨酸。
优选的基体成形剂的组合是明胶和一种或多种具有2-12个碳原子的氨基酸,特别是甘氨酸的组合。在这些组合中,氨基酸与用于形成基体溶液的溶剂按湿基计算的重量比例为约1∶18-约1∶180,特别是约1∶30-约1∶100。这些基体物质还进一步包括如甘露糖醇、葡萄糖、乳糖、半乳糖、海藻糖和环糖,如环糊精或取代环糊精,特别是甘露糖醇的糖类。一个特别优选的基体成形剂的组合是明胶、甘氨酸和甘露糖醇。
制备本剂型的溶液或悬浮液还包括前述次级组份和占吨胶及聚丙烯酸聚合物和其盐(也叫作碳聚物或羧乙烯基聚合物如CarbopolTM),它们可被用来如增加粘度。
本组合各物质的比例可在一定范围内变化。特别是明胶、果胶或大豆纤维蛋白与氨基酸的比例可在约10/1-1/5,特别是5/1-1/3或更特别在3/1-1/1之间变化。优选比例为1.5/1。甘露糖醇与明胶、果胶、大豆纤维蛋白或其混合物的比值范围是5/1-1/5,特别是2/1-1/2,优选的比例是1.5/2。
用于制备基体的物质的溶液或分散液包括0.1-15%特别是1%-3%,更特别是1.2-2.5%(重量)的明胶、果胶、大豆纤维蛋白或其混合物。它还含有0.1%-10%,特别是1%-2.5(重量)的氨基酸和0.1%-10%,特别是1%-3.0%的甘露糖醇,其余的是溶剂。本段所提到的百分比均按重量计。溶剂或分散物与非溶剂组份的重量比一般为约5-50,特别是约10-30,如约20。
在本发明中可使用各种浓度的基体成形剂。在适宜溶剂中的基体成形剂的优选浓度为约0.1-15(W/W),更优选的浓度约0.5-4%(W/W)。当采用约2%(W/W)所述基体成形剂水溶液时,本发明的方法在药物应用方面获得最佳效果。
掺入起始混合物的次级组份的浓度主要受次级组份在用于溶解该组份的溶剂中的溶解度的限制。所需浓度由掺入该剂型的剂量决定。因此这些组份在起始混合物中的浓度范围可以是约0.0001-20%。
在本发明中可使用各种溶剂。所选择的第一溶剂必须能溶解和/或分散基体成形剂和样品的其它各种试剂。另外,第一溶剂的凝固点必须高于第二溶剂的凝固点。优选的第一溶剂为水,其它适宜的第一溶剂包括聚乙二醇类、羧基聚甲烯类、叔丁醇、乙腈、乙酰胺和苯酚。第一溶剂还包括任意一种这些溶剂的适当组合,如水:叔丁醇溶剂混合物。
第二种溶剂希望其做为固化的第一溶剂的溶剂。溶解溶剂还具有低于第一溶剂凝固点的凝固点是有利的。当希望得到基本无水的样品、安慰剂或剂型时,第二溶剂具有相对低的沸点或相对高的蒸气压以便第二溶剂从所制样品中快速蒸发是有利的。因此优选的第二溶剂应具有使溶剂在常压或减压下易于蒸发的沸点或蒸气压。当水为第一溶剂时优选采用的第二溶剂包括可与水混溶的物质。这些物质可以固、液或气态使用。但是本领域技术人员知道所期望的各种固体样品配方并非无水,而是在其中分散着一定量液体的固体。因此,具有相对高的沸点的溶剂,如二甲基甲酰胺或乙二醇可被用做第二溶剂。
有利的是剂型组份(基体成形剂和次级组份)基本不溶于第二溶剂,即第二溶剂不溶解样品组份。因此,根据这些组份,可允许的第二溶剂包括甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、水、异丙醇、甲基异丁酮和液体二氧化碳。这些溶剂的各种混合物可包括本发明的第二溶剂。本发明可采用第一溶剂和第二溶剂的各种组合。药用优选的第一溶剂∶第二溶剂体系为水∶无水乙醇。可根据被制备的样品组份选择其它体系。因此,其它适宜的第一溶剂∶第二溶剂体系包括∶叔丁醇∶水;乙酰胺∶甲醇;苯酚∶异丁酮和聚乙二醇∶醇。
被固化的混合物可以是各种形式。它们可以是溶液、悬浮液、分散液、乳液或泡沫体。本领域技术人员已知它们每种的可接受的制备方法。可通过在液体中分散一种气体制备泡沫样品。制备该种泡沫的优选方法记载在美国专利4,642,903中。
可用任何常规冷却方法固化混合物。例如,将混合物放至预制模中并随后将该模在冷冻搁板或冷冻室中冷却进行固化。另外,也可将盛有混合物的模通过冷气或(汽流),如冷冻管道中的液氮。用于固化模中混合物的优选方法是用干冰将模围住直至混合物固化。做为使用模的方法的替换,可以滴加方式固化混合物。例如可将混合物在重力下泵入或进料通过一个喷咀以形成小颗粒的滴、球或喷雾。可将这些滴通过冷冻气体或液体,如液氮或液氮蒸汽固化。另一种可能性是使滴状混合物在与混合物不混溶的冷冻液体中固化。在这些情况下,应控制该液体和混合物的相对密度以便当其固化时该滴可通过不混溶的冷冻液体或另一方面,固化滴可漂浮在不混溶冷冻液体的表面。这后一漂浮特性有利于收集固化滴。与最主要的含水混合物不混溶并可被冷冻的液体的实例是三氯乙烷。
将所得固化混合物与第二溶剂接触,籍此将固化的第一溶剂溶于第二溶剂。接触时间取决于从固化混合物中溶解的第一溶剂的量。反过来这也与固化混合物大小有关。所需时间还与第二溶剂温度有关。
第二溶剂所处温度低于第一溶剂凝固点是有利的。当使用水-乙醇体系时第二溶剂的温度可以是约0至-100℃。对于该体系优选温度约-4至-20℃。
在其它体系中,第二溶剂温度优选低于第一溶剂凝固点约1-100℃。更优选的第二溶剂的温度是比第一溶剂凝固点低4-20℃。在这些温度下,溶解第一溶剂所需的第二溶剂的量应是制备的释放基体或剂型的总重的约2-40倍。
在低于第一溶剂熔点约10-20℃温度下,第二溶剂的优选重量为所制剂型或基体总重的约4-6倍。
在-4--20℃所用乙醇的优选量为所制样品重的约20倍。例如制备40份1ml基体需使用约800g乙醇。当使用这些优选的第二溶剂温度和重量时,基体与第二溶剂接触时间为约1-20小时。对于水∶乙醇体系,优选的接触时间为2-10小时。对于大的体积需要更长的接触时间。这些优选的接触时间和温度给出了所制制剂的最大强度和孔隙率。使冷冻量单位/基体与第二溶剂接触有各种方法。这些方法包括将该配方成份浸入溶剂浴中并与溶剂一同喷出。固化混合物与第二溶剂的优选接触方法是浸渍。
通过将第二溶剂与样品连续或间歇地混合,或在有或没有第二溶剂循环的条件下将第二溶剂泵入通过盛有样品的容器,便能确保第二溶剂与剂型的密切接触。另外可采用微波辅助以促进第一溶剂的溶解。
从第二溶剂中移出所制得的样品得到具有均匀孔隙率和高抗破碎性的样品或剂型。该产品或制剂可立即使用、包装或储存。
另外,将产品置于减压下的真空室,在常温或高温下使挥发性第二溶剂暴露于大气中,或在有或没有环流条件下使空气或氮气流于常温或高温通过样品可除去残余的第二溶剂。另外可采用微波辅助干燥。
在另一种实施方案中,产品可与第三种溶剂接触以除去任何残余的第二溶剂。有利的是使用挥发性高于第二溶剂的第三溶剂以便于其从产品中挥发。有利的是该第三溶剂应基本与产品组份混溶。
含有试剂,如在第二溶剂或溶解溶剂中不溶的化学品或药品的制剂可通过将试剂直接加到将被固化的分散液或溶液中制得。但是,基本溶于第二溶剂的活性剂不希望被加到起始混合物中,因为这种化学品或药品的某些部分在第一溶剂溶解于第二种溶剂时可能耗费于第二种溶剂中。因此,含有该类化学品或药品的剂型或基体最好先被制成安慰剂或空白剂型,然后将该剂型在单位体积的适宜溶剂中与特定量的活性剂接触。这些活性剂可以在不与安慰剂材料混溶的载体溶剂中的溶液、分散液、悬浮液或乳液形式被负载或配制在安慰剂上。因此活性剂将被基本全面地分配于安慰剂中。然后在常压、常温或高温下,通过使空气或氮气流在常温或高温下通过该剂型;或通过在减压和常温或高温下将该剂型放置在真空室内使载体溶剂进行蒸发。另外可使用微波辅助干燥。还可将该剂型放置在真空室内除去剩余载体溶剂。
可被后负载在安慰剂或空白剂上的活性剂包括可被加到将制备的起始混合物中的次级组份。该类试剂在后负载溶液中的浓度由最终制得剂型所需剂量决定。这些浓度仅受该试剂在后负载溶剂中的溶解度的限制,不过系列后负载溶液和/或悬浮液的使用可以解决绝大部分溶解度的限制问题。因此活性剂的浓度范围为0.0001%-20%或更多。用任一种方法,即后负载或常规预混合法制备的最终剂型中活性剂的浓度均与所制剂型中希望被释放的活性剂的量有关。该浓度受活性剂在溶剂中的溶解度的限制,但可用多次后负载顺序制备剂型以便将浓度提高到所期望的水平。此外,试剂的悬浮液可被用于后负载安慰剂。因此活性剂在最终基体或剂型中的浓度(以剂型重量计)范围为从小于0.01%-大于300%。
通过使用本发明可制得各种大小的剂型,该范围为约0.25ml或g-30ml或g和更大。用固态溶解法有利于制备大的剂型且不必花费冷冻干燥法所需的很长的干燥时间。
当使用冷冻干燥时,在裹有或衬有易于释放的致冷材料的模中冷冻基体物质溶液是有利的。优选的模是由填有聚丙烯的云母制得,该云母带有与基体物质溶液接触的、表面上有烤溶凝结于其上的硅/simethicone层。
用下述实施例进一步举例说明本发明,不应将本发明限定在下述的特定方法的范围或趋势之内。
实施例1
持续搅拌下将明胶(药品级)15g、甘露糖醇20g,天冬酰苯丙氨酸甲酯20g,L-丙氨酸10g溶于935g水中,将所得溶液小心地转移至1g大小的模中。将该模及其内容物用干冰冷冻约1小时或在冷气冷冻管道中速冻。用适当的方法(固态溶解法或冷冻干燥法)除去处于冰状态下的水。该方法制得一种样品,即载体材料网,当口服时其快速崩解。所制的每个样品重65mg。可用L-天冬氨酸、L-谷氨酸、L-羧基脯氨酸、L-异亮氨酸、L-亮氨酸和L-苯丙氨酸单独或其组合代替丙氨酸重复该方法。
实施例2
配方 A:
将果胶20g加热溶于水中并不断搅拌。所得溶液在121℃下高压消毒15分钟。将该高压消毒过的溶液放至室温。然后将其用适当的方法干燥。然后用乙醇洗涤该干燥的经高压消毒的果胶。过滤洗涤的果胶的乙醇并用适当方法干燥。将该洗涤后的果胶粉末用于配方B。
配方 B:
将无水的经乙醇洗涤的果胶12g、果胶5g,甘露糖醇20g,天冬酰苯丙氨酸甲酯5g和L-丙氨酸20g在连续搅拌下溶于938g洁净的水中。将所得溶液用实施例1的方法处理。制得的样品重62mg且能速溶于水和口中。
实施例 3
将甘露糖醇20g,L-谷氨酸25g和天冬酰苯丙氨酸甲酯5g溶于942g洁净的水中,将大豆纤维蛋白30g和5黄原胶0.5g分散于该溶液中,所得分散液用实施例1方法处理。制得的样品,即载体材料网络在口服时于1-5秒内快速崩解,每个制得的样品重58mg。
实施例 4
将明胶(药品级)15g,甘氨酸10g,甘露糖醇20g,天冬酰苯丙氨酸甲酯13.3g,谷氨酸2g,D&C黄#10(0.02g)和FD&C红#40(0.02g)加热溶于洁净的水(564.3g)中,并不断搅拌。将所得溶液放至室温。在连续搅拌下将3g喷雾干燥的桔子,1g天然及人工合成的前甜味剂和11g人工合成的木莓色色素加至624.6g该溶液中,将混合物搅拌直至得到均匀的分散液。
将由疏水基体如脂肪酸/甘油酯胶囊包装的活性组份组成的细的醋氨酚粉末均匀悬浮于调味混合物中。然后将所得悬浮液转移至1.5ml大小的模中。在冷气冷冻管道中冷冻该模和其内容物。用冷冻干燥除去冰态的水。制得的样品,即载体材料网络口服时能快速崩解。每个制得的单位含250mg醋氨酚。
实施例5
将明胶(药品级)15g,甘氨酸10g,甘露糖醇20g,天冬酰苯丙氨酸甲酯13.3g,谷氨酸2g,D&C黄#10(0.02g)和D&C绿#5(0.02g)加热溶于597.9g洁净的水中并不断搅拌。将所得溶液放至室温。连续搅拌下将7.5g甜柠檬lyptus和1g天然和人工合成的调味剂加至644.9g该溶液中。搅拌混合物直至获得均匀的分散液。
然后将由疏水基体如脂肪酸/甘油酯胶囊包装的活性组份组成的异丁苯丙酸的细粉末均匀悬浮于用调味混合物中。将所得悬浮液转移至1.5ml大小的模中。在冷气冷冻管道中冷冻该模和其内容物。用冷冻干燥法除去冰态的水。制得的样品,即载体材料网络口服时能快速崩解,每个制得的单位中含200mg异丁苯丙酸。
实施例6
将明胶(药品级)15g,甘氨酸10g,甘露糖醇20g,天冬酰苯丙氨酸甲酯13.3g,谷氨酸2g,FD&C绿#3(0.01g)和FD&C红#40(0.02g)加热溶于761.7g洁净的水中并不断搅拌。然后将所得溶液放至室温。不断搅拌下将3g人工合成级和1g天然和人工合成的前甜调味剂加至822g该溶液中。搅拌该混合物直至获得均匀的分散物。
将由疏水基体如脂肪酸/甘油酯胶囊包装的活性组份组成的苯丙醇胺盐酸化物/氯苯吡胺马来酸酯细粉末均匀悬浮于调味混合物中。将所得悬浮液转移至0.5ml大小的模中。在冷气冷冻管道中冷冻该模和其内容物。用冷冻干燥法除去冰态的水。制得的样品,即载体材料网络口服时能快速崩解,每个制得的单位含25mg苯丙醇胺盐酸化物和4mg氯苯吡胺马来酸酯。
实施例7
将明胶(药品级)15g,甘氨酸10g,甘露糖醇20g,天冬酰苯丙氨酸甲酯13.3g和谷氨酸2g加热溶于洁净的水665.5g中并不断搅拌。然后将所得溶液放至室温。不断搅拌下将5gmethollyptus调味剂加到725.8g该溶液中。搅拌该混合物直至获得均匀的分散液。
将由疏水基体如脂肪酸/甘油酯胶囊包装的活性组份组成的假麻黄碱盐酸化物细粉末均匀悬浮于调味混合物中。将所得悬浮液转移至1.5ml大小的模中。在冷气冷冻管道中冷冻该模和其内容物。
用冷冻干燥法除去冰态的水。制得的样品即载体材料网络口服时能快速崩解。制得的每个单位含假麻黄碱盐酸化物60mg。
Claims (16)
1、含有速溶于水的基体材料孔隙网络的固体剂型,基体材料包括至少约0.1%(重量)的基体成型剂,其选自明胶、果胶、大豆纤维蛋白和其混合物及一种或多种含约2-12个碳原子的氨基酸。
2、根据权利要求1的剂型,其中的氨基酸为甘氨酸、L-天冬氨酸、L-谷氨酸、L-羧基脯氨酸、L-异亮氨酸、L-亮氨酸和L-苯丙氨酸。
3、根据权利要求1或2的剂型,其还含有选自甘露糖醇、葡萄糖、乳糖、半乳糖、海藻糖、环糊精和取代的环糊精的糖。
4、根据权利要求1的剂型,其含有明胶,其中的氨基酸为甘氨酸,糖为甘露糖醇。
5、根据权利要求1-4中任一权利要求的剂型,其中的由基体材料溶液制得的剂型含约0.1-约15%以该溶液重量计的基体材料。
6、根据权利要求5的剂型,其中的基体材料溶液含有以重量计约0.1%-约3%的基体成形剂。
7、根据权利要求5的剂型,其中基体材料溶液含有以重量计约0.5%-约10%的一种或多种氨基酸和以重量计约0.5%-约10%的甘露糖醇。
8、根据权利要求1-7的任一权利要求的剂型,其中剂型是通过将基体材料溶液冷冻干燥制得的。
9、根据权利要求1-8的任一权利要求的剂型,其中剂型是通过将基体材料溶液固态溶解制得的。
10、根据权利要求1-9的任一权利要求的剂型,其还含有活性剂。
11、根据权利要求10的剂型,其中先制备没有活性组份的剂型,随后用预定量的活性组份负载。
12、根据权利要求1-11的任一权利要求的剂型,其中基体材料溶液还含有全面分散的气体以形成泡沫剂型。
13、权利要求10或11的任一权利要求的剂型,其还含有粒形活性剂,该活性剂颗粒用涂敷剂包衣。
14、根据权利要求13的剂型,其中的涂敷剂为脂肪酸、甘油酯、三甘油酯或其混合物。
15、根据权利要求1-14的任一权利要求的剂型,其中剂型在少于10秒钟内分散于水中。
16、根据权利要求1-15的任一权利要求的剂型,其还含有黄原胶或聚丙烯酸聚合物或其盐。
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- 1993-05-03 DE DE69326063T patent/DE69326063T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-05-03 ES ES93911039T patent/ES2136662T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-05-03 CA CA002135062A patent/CA2135062C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-05-03 SK SK1320-94A patent/SK280129B6/sk not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-05-03 WO PCT/US1993/004201 patent/WO1993023017A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1993-05-03 KR KR1019940703516A patent/KR100194241B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-05-03 RO RO94-01770A patent/RO112990B1/ro unknown
- 1993-05-03 CZ CZ942654A patent/CZ283882B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-05-03 HU HU9403190A patent/HU227532B1/hu unknown
- 1993-05-03 DK DK93911039T patent/DK0642334T3/da active
- 1993-05-03 SG SG1996001213A patent/SG47430A1/en unknown
- 1993-05-03 NZ NZ252526A patent/NZ252526A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-05-03 JP JP6503621A patent/JPH07508019A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 1993-05-03 AT AT93911039T patent/ATE183387T1/de active
- 1993-05-04 MY MYPI93000832A patent/MY112231A/en unknown
- 1993-05-06 CN CN93106967A patent/CN1085081A/zh active Pending
- 1993-06-09 TW TW082104563A patent/TW380053B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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1994
- 1994-11-03 BG BG99158A patent/BG62681B1/bg unknown
- 1994-11-04 NO NO944207A patent/NO308065B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-11-04 FI FI945198A patent/FI111333B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
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1995
- 1995-06-27 HU HU95P/P00465P patent/HU211549A9/hu unknown
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1998
- 1998-10-29 HK HK98111598A patent/HK1010693A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
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1999
- 1999-09-08 GR GR990402273T patent/GR3031180T3/el unknown
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2000
- 2000-06-16 CY CY0000026A patent/CY2175B1/xx unknown
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2004
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7939511B2 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2011-05-10 | Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Ophthalmic composition containing xanthan gum and amino acid |
US8450295B2 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2013-05-28 | Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Ophthalmic composition containing xanthan gum and amino acid |
CN102933207A (zh) * | 2009-10-30 | 2013-02-13 | Ix生物医药私人有限公司 | 快速溶解固体剂型 |
CN102933207B (zh) * | 2009-10-30 | 2018-02-02 | Ix生物医药有限公司 | 快速溶解固体剂型 |
US11975097B2 (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2024-05-07 | Ix Biopharma Ltd. | Fast dissolving solid dosage form |
US12186426B2 (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2025-01-07 | Ix Biopharma Ltd. | Solid dosage form |
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