CN107926864A - A kind of method for breeding of yellow meal worm - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a feeding method of Tenebrio molitor, comprising: a) selecting the species of Tenebrio molitor; b) selecting a suitable breeding box; c) feeding indoor Tenebrio molitor larvae; d) expanding and multiplying Tenebrio molitor. According to the feeding method provided by the invention, a large number of Tenebrio molitors with basically uniform development can be established, and dry insect sand can be collected. The method of the present invention not only overcomes the phenomena of slow growth and no pupation, low fecundity, and poor stress resistance during the artificial feeding of Tenebrio molitor, improves the daily weight gain and pupation rate of Tenebrio molitor, improves the quality of Tenebrio molitor itself, and The vegetable stalk can be treated harmlessly, and the economic benefit of breeding can be improved.

Description

A kind of feeding method of Tenebrio molitor

technical field

The invention relates to the field of insects, in particular to a feeding method for Tenebrio molitor.

Background technique

The artificial breeding of Tenebrio molitor has a history of more than 100 years, and there are records of folk breeding both at home and abroad. It is a traditional live bait. Tenebrio molitor was originally a storage pest and a holometabolous insect. Its life can be divided into four stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult, of which the larval stage is the longest. With the development of society, Tenebrio molitor can not only develop various insect foods, health products, and medicines, but also contains rich protein and various trace elements in the feces of Tenebrio molitor. The resource value of Tenebrio molitor is more and more valued by the society. , is regarded as an important new source of animal protein, how to artificially produce high-quality and high-quality Tenebrio molitor needs to explore a set of reasonable artificial feed formula.

The individual development of Tenebrio molitor is irregular, and some studies have shown that the uniform insect state can last for more than one month. Tenebrio molitor larvae have the same feeding habits as adults, and feed can directly affect the growth and development of larvae. Under certain conditions of temperature, care, humidity, and moderation, the key factors affecting the growth of larvae are the richness of nutrient components in the feed, the degree of abundance of the supply, and the degree of water supplementation. In the case of insufficient feed supply or lack of water, Tenebrio molitor larvae will show some abnormal deaths, and even have the habit of killing each other.

Different feeds directly affect the growth and development of larvae. Many farmers generally have low farming efficiency. Because they do not clearly understand the growth habits of Tenebrio molitor, the feed ratio is unreasonable, and the pest control is not carried out correctly, resulting in a long growth cycle, waste of feed, and low efficiency.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of feeding method of Tenebrio molitor, comprising: a) selecting the insect species of Tenebrio molitor; b) selecting a suitable feeding box; c) raising: the 1st age of just hatched The larvae are swept into the breeding box with a writing brush, and feed 1 is added in the breeding box, and the feed of 1/4 of the weight of the worm body is added at fixed points every day, and the insect sand is sieved once every 7 days until the 4th instar of Tenebrio molitor larvae; After the larvae reach the 4th instar, add feed 2 in the breeding box, add feed of 1/3 of the worm body weight at a fixed point every day, and sieve the insect sand every 2 days until the 8th instar of Tenebrio molitor larvae; After age, add feed 3 in the breeding box, add the feed of 1/2 of worm body weight every day at a fixed point, sieve insect sand once a day, and observe the pupation situation of larvae; Pick out the pupae and put them in the eclosion box; d) the amplification and reproduction of Tenebrio molitor: select the adults with large individual size and eclosion on the same day and put them into the spawning box according to sex 1:1 to lay eggs, and regularly put the eggs produced on the filter paper sheets every day. The eggs are placed in the hatching box, and the eggs collected on the same day are put into the same hatching box. After one and a half months of adult laying eggs, they can be eliminated, and only the eggs of the previous one and a half months are kept for seeding.

In the above feeding method, in step a), eggs, larvae, adults or pupae of Tenebrio molitor are selected as insect species for cultivation.

In the above feeding method, in step a), mature larvae with uniform individual size, active crawling and smooth body wall are selected as insect species for cultivation.

In the above-mentioned breeding method, in step b), the breeding box should be kept clean and disinfected, and the filter paper used should be dried in a drying box before use, and sterilized by ultraviolet lamps, and the tenebrio molitors should be picked. Tweezers cannot be used interchangeably and must be sterilized after each use.

In the above raising method, the temperature in the insect breeding room is controlled between 18-28°C, and the humidity is between 60%RH-70%RH.

In the above breeding method, in step b), the breeding box is a transparent plastic box with a smooth inner wall without a cover, wherein the length of the raising box is 43cm, the width is 30cm, and the height is 15cm. Preferably, choose a feeding box made of white transparent plastic, with a smooth inner wall and no cover to prevent Tenebrio molitor from climbing out of the box. The density is too high, and it is easy to kill each other when there is insufficient food.

In the above feeding method, in step c), the feed 1 is formed by mixing wheat bran: green vegetables in a mass ratio of 1:4, and the feed 2 is formed by mixing wheat bran: green vegetables in a mass ratio of 2:3. Feed 3 is formed by mixing wheat bran: green vegetables in a mass ratio of 1:9, wherein the green vegetables are selected from cabbage, eggplant, pepper, broccoli or tomato stalks. Wherein, the stalks of the green vegetables are crushed into 1-3 cm granules with a pulverizer, and the wheat bran used is the wheat bran produced by winter wheat.

In the above raising method, in step d), the egg-laying box is refitted from a storage box with a length of 40 cm, a width of 25 cm and a height of 36 cm. Only the edge part is reserved for the cover of the storage box, and 200 mesh gauze is used for the other parts. substitute. The gauze is breathable but relatively dense, preventing adults from escaping or laying eggs in the hollows of the gauze.

In the above-mentioned feeding method, in step d), the filter paper in the egg-laying box is a rectangle with a length of 20 cm and a width of 15 cm, and after the filter paper is rolled into a cylinder, it is placed into the egg-laying box in a horizontal honeycomb shape Inside, to save space and facilitate the adult shuttle during mating and laying eggs.

In above-mentioned rearing method, in step d), described hatching box is that length is 20cm, and width is 10cm, and height is the rectangular small box of 6cm, keeps the required humidity of Tenebrio molitor egg hatching, improves hatching rate.

In the above-mentioned rearing method, in step c), pupae and eclosioned adults are separated by the grasping force of the legs of the adults. Adults have three pairs of legs, located on the chest, and each toe has two claws. There are burrs on the toes, which can grasp the gauze for easy separation and reduce damage to pupae and newly emerged adults.

In the above-mentioned feeding method, the instars are divided according to the peeling times of Tenebrio molitor, the growth rate of young larvae is slow, and the growth rate of old larvae is fast. The length of the head shell width remained relatively stable. The body length of the 4th instar Tenebrio molitor larva was 5.22-5.83mm, and the head shell width was 0.48mm; the body length of the 8th instar Tenebrio molitor larva was 10.3-11.74mm, and the head shell width was 0.96mm.

The feed formula provided by the invention is mainly made of different ratios of vegetable straw and wheat bran, which is environmentally friendly and simple; the feeding method provided by the invention can establish large quantities of Tenebrio molitor with basically uniform development, and collect dry insect sand. The method of the present invention not only overcomes the phenomena of slow growth and no pupation, low fecundity, and poor stress resistance in the process of artificial feeding of Tenebrio molitor, improves the daily weight gain and pupation rate of Tenebrio molitor, improves the quality of Tenebrio molitor itself, and The vegetable stalk can be treated harmlessly, and the economic benefit of breeding can be improved.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. Embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 shows the influence of different ratios of green vegetables and wheat bran on the individual quality of Tenebrio molitor larvae according to some embodiments of the present invention.

Figure 2 illustrates the decomposition ability of 1-10 instar Tenebrio molitor larvae.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The mature larvae used in the pet food on the market were selected, and artificially subcultured indoors. The main raw materials of the feed were wheat bran and cabbage. The larvae were reared in a feeding box (43cm*30cm*15cm) under the conditions of temperature (25±1)°C, relative humidity (60%±5%) RH, and light L:D=14:10. Adults are reared in special tools with fresh vegetable leaves to facilitate their egg laying. Get the eggs that are born on the same day and develop normally and put them in a small square box (moisturizing), observe the hatching situation of the eggs at 8 o'clock and 20 o'clock every day; Large and small larvae of the same age, put the selected larvae into culture boxes of the same size numbered 1, 2, 3, and 4 to raise them. Set up 3 culture boxes for each number, and put 50 larvae in each box. , Weigh before putting in, and record the data. Put an appropriate amount of feed into the corresponding petri dish, weigh 5g, 4g, 3g, and 0g of green vegetables and put them in the culture boxes marked with 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively, and weigh 0g, 1g, 2g, and 5g of wheat The bran is put into culture boxes marked 1, 2, 3, 4 respectively. Then transfer to a constant temperature incubator at 25°C for cultivation. Take out the culture box after every 7d, measure the development period of Tenebrio molitor larvae (the development period here refers to the time experienced by 80% individual pupation), mortality rate, individual difference (body weight, body color, size) and the effect on feed The decomposition ability; until the larvae can not eat and pupate, record the pupation rate. During the test period, the average individual mass and average individual food intake of Tenebrio molitor larvae were measured every 7 days; the number of dead Tenebrio molitor larvae was recorded, and the dead larvae were sorted out. After entering the pupal stage, the number of pupated Tenebrio molitor larvae was investigated every day.

Average individual mass in each period = total mass of 50 live larvae in this period/50

Average individual food intake = (total amount of feed fed in this period - remaining feed amount) / number of insects in this period

Average manure production = total manure / number of insects in this period

Daily average mortality rate = number of dead insects per day in this period/number of insects in this period

Pupation rate = total number of pupated / (50*3)

Tenebrio molitor can complete growth and development in the feed with the ratio of green vegetables and wheat bran.

Table 1

In the above table 1, the effects of different ratios of green vegetables and wheat bran on the duration of Tenebrio molitor larvae, pupae weight, pupation rate, eclosion rate, and mortality are shown. It can be seen from Table 1 that the development period of Tenebrio molitor larvae was significantly shortened with the increase of the proportion of green vegetables.

Figure 1 shows the influence of different proportions of green vegetables and wheat bran on the individual quality of Tenebrio molitor larvae. As can be seen from Figure 1, the body weight of Tenebrio molitor larvae raised with the feed of green vegetables: wheat bran=4:1 is higher than others. In the 21st week, the average individual mass is 0.181g, and the body weight of Tenebrio molitor raised with whole green vegetables The range of change is small, the body weight change is very small in the first 10 weeks, and the average individual weight is 0.037g in the 21st week. The weight growth of Tenebrio molitor fed with whole wheat bran is faster than that with green vegetables: wheat bran = 3:2 feed, But after 15 weeks, the body weight of mealworms fed with green vegetables: wheat bran=3:2 exceeded that of mealworms fed with wheat bran.

It can be seen from Figure 2 that the decomposition ability of Tenebrio molitor larvae increases gradually with the age increasing.

Example 2

1. Select the species of Tenebrio molitor: select 200 mature larvae with the same individual size, active crawling and smooth body wall as the species for breeding.

2. Choose a suitable breeding box: the breeding box must be clean and disinfected. The filter paper used should be dried in a drying box before use and sterilized by ultraviolet light. The tweezers for picking Tenebrio molitor cannot be used interchangeably. Sterilize after each use. Choose smooth inner wall without cover, transparent plastic box as raising box, the length of raising box is 43cm, and width is 30cm, and height is 15cm.

3. Feeding: Sweep the newly hatched 1st instar larvae into the feeding box with a brush, and add feed 1 in the feeding box, add feed of 1/4 of the worm body weight at 10:00 every day, and sieve the worm sand every 7 days until The 4th instar of Tenebrio molitor larvae; after the 4th instar of Tenebrio molitor larvae, add feed 2 to the breeding box, add feed of 1/3 of the body weight at 10:00 every day, and sieve insect sand every 2 days until the 8th instar Tenebrio molitor larvae ; After Tenebrio molitor larvae reaches 8 instars, add feed 3 in the breeding box, add 1/2 feed of worm body weight at 10 o'clock every day, sieve insect sand once a day, and observe the pupation situation of larvae;

Among them, Feed 1 is made by mixing wheat bran: cabbage straw according to the mass ratio of 1:4; Feed 2 is made by mixing wheat bran: Cabbage straw according to the mass ratio of 2:3; Feed 3 is made by mixing wheat bran: Cabbage straw It is mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:9.

4. After the pupae appear in the rearing box, the pupae are sorted out and put into the eclosion box, wherein the pupae are separated from the adults that have emerged by the grasping force of the adult feet.

5. Expansion and reproduction of Tenebrio molitor: select adults with large individual size and eclosion on the same day and put them in the spawning box according to sex 1:1 to lay eggs, and regularly put the eggs produced on the filter paper in the hatch box every day, Eggs collected every day were placed in the same hatching box. Among them, the spawning box is refitted from a storage box with a length of 40cm, a width of 25cm and a height of 36cm. Only the edge part is reserved for the cover of the storage box, and the other parts are replaced by 200 mesh gauze; the filter paper in the spawning box is 20cm in length. , width is the rectangle of 15cm, and after filter paper is rolled into cylinder, put into laying box with horizontal formation honeycomb shape; The length of hatching box is 20cm, and width is 10cm, and height is 6cm.

During the above raising process, the temperature in the insect culture room was controlled at (25±1)° C., and the relative humidity was controlled at (60%±5%) RH.

As in Example 1, the culture box was taken out after every 7 days, and the developmental period, mortality, individual differences and ability to decompose feed of Tenebrio molitor larvae were measured; until the larvae could not eat and pupate, the pupation rate was recorded. During the test period, the average individual mass and average individual food intake of Tenebrio molitor larvae were measured every 7 days; the number of dead Tenebrio molitor larvae was recorded, and the dead insects were sorted out. After entering the pupal stage, the number of pupated Tenebrio molitor larvae was investigated every day.

Table 2

Therefore, by feeding different feeds at different growth stages of Tenebrio molitor, the development period of Tenebrio molitor larvae can be greatly shortened, and the pupa weight, pupation rate, and eclosion rate are all significantly improved.

The feed formula provided by the invention is mainly made of different ratios of vegetable straw and wheat bran, which is environmentally friendly and simple; the feeding method provided by the invention can establish large quantities of Tenebrio molitor with basically uniform development, and collect dry insect sand. The method of the present invention not only overcomes the phenomena of slow growth and no pupation, low fecundity, and poor stress resistance in the process of artificial feeding of Tenebrio molitor, improves the daily weight gain and pupation rate of Tenebrio molitor, improves the quality of Tenebrio molitor itself, and The vegetable stalk can be treated harmlessly, and the economic benefit of breeding can be improved.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention within.

Claims (11)

1. a kind of method for breeding of yellow meal worm, it is characterised in that the method for breeding includes：

A) the worm kind of yellow meal worm is selected；

B) the suitable raising box of selection；

C) raise：1 instar larvae just hatched is swept in the raising box with writing brush, and feed is added in the raising box 1, the feed of the body weight 1/4 of fixed point addition daily, worm sand of every 7 days sieves, until 4 age of Yellow meal worm larva；

After Yellow meal worm larva expired for 4 ages, feed 2 is added in the raising box, the feed of the body weight 1/3 of fixed point addition daily, A worm sand was sieved every 2 days, until 8 age of Yellow meal worm larva；

After Yellow meal worm larva expired for 8 ages, feed 3 is added in box is raised, the feed of the body weight 1/2 of fixed point addition daily, daily A worm sand is sieved, and observes the situation of pupating of larva；

After there is pupa in the raising box, the pupa is sorted out and is put into emergence box；

D) amplification and breeding of yellow meal worm：The adult for selecting individual big and sprouting wings on the same day is according to gender 1：1 is put into oviposition case The ovum grain produced on filter paper, is periodically placed in hatching box, the ovum collected on the same day is put into same hatching box by oviposition daily It is interior.

2. method for breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step a), select the ovum of yellow meal worm, larva, Adult or pupa carry out training as worm kind and grow.

3. method for breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step a), selection Individual Size is consistent, creeps Mature larva active, that body wall is smooth carries out training as worm kind and grows.

4. method for breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step b), the raising box will ensure to clean And to disinfect, the filter paper used is placed on drying in drying baker before the use, and ultraviolet lamp sterilizes, the tweezer of picking yellow meal worm Son cannot be used interchangeably, and each use will sterilize.

5. method for breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that by temperature control in insectary between 18-28 DEG C Between, humidity is between 60%RH-70%RH.

6. method for breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step b), the raising box is inner wall smooth Uncovered, transparent plastic casing, wherein, the length of the raising box is 43cm, width 30cm, is highly 15cm.

7. method for breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step c), the feed 1 is by wheat bran：Green vegetables According to 1:4 mass ratio mixes, and feed 2 is by wheat bran：Green vegetables are according to 2:3 mass ratio mixes, and feed 3 is by wheat Bran：Green vegetables are according to 1:9 mass ratio mixes, wherein, green vegetables are selected from wild cabbage, eggplant, capsicum, broccoli or tomato Stalk.

8. method for breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step d), the oviposition case is by length 40cm, the containing box repacking that width is 25cm and height is 36cm, storage case lid only leave and take marginal portion, and other parts are used 200 mesh gauzes substitute.

9. method for breeding according to claim 8, it is characterised in that in step d), the filter paper in the oviposition case is The rectangle that length is 20cm, width is 15cm, and the filter paper is rolled into after cylinder and cellular is put into production to be transversely formed In ovum case；The length of the hatching box is 20cm, width 10cm, is highly 6cm.

10. method for breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step c), by the grip of adult foot by pupa Separated with the adult of emergence.

11. method for breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the 4 age long 5.22-5.83mm of Yellow meal worm larva body, head The wide 0.48mm of shell；The body of 8 age Yellow meal worm larvas is grown in 10.3-11.74mm, and head capsule width is 0.96mm.