CN107253343A - 车灯装饰条的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开一种车灯装饰条的制备方法，包括以下步骤：①在塑料基材表面喷涂底漆经光固化后得到第一半成品；②将第一半成品置于磁控溅射设备中进行真空镀膜得到第二半成品；③将第二半成品表面喷涂功能性保护漆经热固化后得到成品。本发明制备的成品零件可用于车灯外置装饰条，替代传统化学电镀工艺，制备工艺步骤简单，良品率高，可满足化学电镀铬材料的性能要求，经本发明工艺处理得到的零件内应力小，适合后道焊接工序，环境友好，具有成本优势。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种车灯装饰条的制备方法，尤其是一种车灯装饰条的制备方法。
背景技术
化学电镀铬，又称水电镀铬，是塑料表面处理工艺中一项重要的技术，其广泛应用于汽车、家电、建筑等行业，主要的工艺流程见附图1。由于镀铬层在空气中钝化能力强，色泽亮白且持久性良好，具有较高的硬度、耐刮擦性、耐热性和耐化学腐蚀性以及优异的耐候性，水电镀铬截至目前是汽车外饰件镀铬饰条的优选方案。然而，随着环保压力日益加大，水电镀铬繁琐的工艺流程、对环境和人体的危害、对贵重金属的消耗以及相对高昂的价格成为制约水电镀工艺发展的重要因素。
在汽车车灯行业，前大灯和尾灯镀铬饰条目前采用的工艺仍然是水电镀铬，除了以上列出的弊端外，塑料件经水电镀后内应力无法彻底消除，影响到后续焊接工艺，经常出现饰条弯曲变形甚至开裂断裂现象，对主机厂整车装配造成重大影响。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的缺陷，本发明的目的是提供一种车灯装饰条的制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
本发明提供了一种车灯装饰条的制备方法，其包括如下步骤：
在塑料基材的表面喷涂底漆，经光固化后形成底漆层，得到第一半成品；
将所述第一半成品的表面进行真空磁控溅射镀膜，形成金属镀层，得到第二半成品；
在所述第二半成品的表面喷涂功能性保护漆，经热固化后形成面漆层，得到所述车灯装饰条。
作为优选方案，所述塑料基材在进行喷涂底漆前，还进行预处理，所述预处理的方法包括依次进行的如下步骤：静电除尘、清除油污和红外预热处理。
作为优选方案，所述塑料基材包括ABS树脂、PC树脂、ASA树脂、PC和ABS共混树脂或PC和ASA的共混树脂。
作为优选方案，所述光固化的方法为紫外光固化，控制紫外光的固化能量为1～15J/cm2。
作为优选方案，所述真空磁控溅射中辉光放电阶段的放电气体为氩气和氧气按照1:(1～6)流量比的混合气体，控制沉积速率为10～100nm/s。
作为优选方案，所述真空磁控溅射中的镀膜靶材为铬、铝、钛、铟、铬氧化物、铝氧化物、钛氧化物和铟氧化物中的至少一种。若镀膜靶材为除以上金属单质或氧化物之外的金属，得到的产品耐候性和光泽度无法达到考核要求。
作为优选方案，所述功能性保护漆为UV硬化漆、抗老化面漆、防腐面漆和酚醛保护漆中的至少一种。
作为优选方案，所述热固化的温度为60～90℃，固化时间为10～45min。若固化温度低于60℃，面漆的附着力和耐腐蚀性能无法达到考核要求；固化温度高于90℃，PMMA基材的耐温性会出现问题。
作为优选方案，所述底漆层、金属镀层和面漆层的厚度之比为100:(0.5～1.5):(20～80)。若底漆层厚度过厚，会出现流平，固化不足等缺陷，底漆层过薄，无法覆盖基材表面围观缺陷，镀层金属与基材的附着力不足。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下的有益效果：
1、本发明制备的真空电镀零件外观与现有水电镀铬零件外观差异不大，金属质感强，但制备工艺简单，环保节能，生产连续性好，成品合格率高；
2、本发明制备的真空电镀零件由于全过程不经过溶液浸泡和试剂反应，产品内应力小，便于与汽车车灯配光镜焊接；
3、本发明制备的真空电镀零件金属镀层与底漆的附着力强，保护面漆的使用增加了零件的耐候性、耐刮擦性和综合性能，可以满足大多数主机厂对水电镀铬材料的考核要求；
4、本发明工艺流程节省了贵重金属的消耗和环保成本，具有较高的价格优势。
附图说明
通过阅读参照以下附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述，本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显：
图1为现有技术的水电镀铬的工艺流程示意图；
图2为本发明的磁控溅射真空镀的工艺流程示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明，但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是，对本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
如图2所示，取某A产品注塑毛坯若干件，基材为ABS，用静电除尘枪除尘20s，95％浓度乙醇擦拭后置于红外烘道内，进入UV底漆车间，喷涂后经UV烘道，UV能量设定为5J/cm2，30min后第一半成品经人工转移至真空电镀车间，靶材为TiO2，沉积速率设定为10nm/s～100nm/s，真空电镀后人工检测，将合格品经烘道转移至面漆车间，保护漆分别喷涂抗老化面漆和防腐面漆，热老化温度70℃/30min，烘干后检测得到产品。取合格品18套，按照VW对水电镀产品的考核要求TL-528-B进行试验，每项实验3套，结果如表1所示：
表1
实施例2
取某B产品注塑毛坯若干件，基材为PC+ABS，用静电除尘枪除尘20s，95％浓度乙醇擦拭后置于红外烘道内，进入UV底漆车间，喷涂后经UV烘道，UV能量设定为10J/cm2，20min后第一半成品经人工转移至真空电镀车间，靶材为In，沉积速率设定为20nm/s～80nm/s，真空电镀后人工检测，将合格品经烘道转移至面漆车间，保护漆分别喷涂抗老化面漆，热老化温度80℃/30min，烘干后检测得到产品。取合格品18套，按照VW对水电镀产品的考核要求TL-528-B进行试验，每项实验3套，结果如表2所示：
表2
实施例3
取某C产品注塑毛坯若干件，基材为ASA,用静电除尘枪除尘20s，95％浓度乙醇擦拭后置于红外烘道内，进入UV底漆车间，喷涂后经UV烘道，UV能量设定为5J/cm2，30min后第一半成品经人工转移至真空电镀车间，靶材为Cr，沉积速率设定为50nm/s～100nm/s，真空电镀后人工检测，将合格品经烘道转移至面漆车间，保护漆分别喷涂抗老化面漆和防腐面漆，热老化温度75℃/30min，烘干后检测得到产品。取合格品18套，按照VW对水电镀产品的考核要求TL-528-B进行试验，每项实验3套，结果如表3所示：
表3
实施例4
取某D产品注塑毛坯若干件，基材为PC+ASA,用静电除尘枪除尘20s，95％浓度乙醇擦拭后置于红外烘道内，进入UV底漆车间，喷涂后经UV烘道，UV能量设定为15J/cm2，30min后第一半成品经人工转移至真空电镀车间，靶材为In，沉积速率设定为10nm/s～100nm/s，真空电镀后人工检测，将合格品经烘道转移至面漆车间，保护漆分别喷涂抗老化面漆和防腐面漆，热老化温度80℃/30min，烘干后检测得到产品。取合格品18套，按照VW对水电镀产品的考核要求TL-528-B进行试验，每项实验3套，结果如表4所示：
表4
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是，本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式，本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变形或修改，这并不影响本发明的实质内容。
Claims (9)
1.一种车灯装饰条的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
在塑料基材的表面喷涂底漆，经光固化后形成底漆层，得到第一半成品；
将所述第一半成品的表面进行真空磁控溅射镀膜，形成金属镀层，得到第二半成品；
在所述第二半成品的表面喷涂功能性保护漆，经热固化后形成面漆层，得到所述车灯装饰条。
2.如权利要求1所述的车灯装饰条的制备方法，其特征在于，所述塑料基材在进行喷涂底漆前，还进行预处理，所述预处理的方法包括依次进行的如下步骤：静电除尘、清除油污和红外预热处理。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的车灯装饰条的制备方法，其特征在于，所述塑料基材包括ABS树脂、PC树脂、ASA树脂、PC和ABS共混树脂或PC和ASA的共混树脂。
4.如权利要求1所述的车灯装饰条的制备方法，其特征在于，所述光固化的方法为紫外光固化，控制紫外光的固化能量为1～15J/cm2。
5.如权利要求1所述的车灯装饰条的制备方法，其特征在于，所述真空磁控溅射中辉光放电阶段的放电气体为氩气和氧气按照1:(1～6)流量比的混合气体，控制沉积速率为10～100nm/s。
6.如权利要求1所述的车灯装饰条的制备方法，其特征在于，所述真空磁控溅射中的镀膜靶材为铬、铝、钛、铟、铬氧化物、铝氧化物、钛氧化物和铟氧化物中的至少一种。
7.如权利要求1所述的车灯装饰条的制备方法，其特征在于，所述功能性保护漆为UV硬化漆、抗老化面漆、防腐面漆和酚醛保护漆中的至少一种。
8.如权利要求1所述的车灯装饰条的制备方法，其特征在于，所述热固化的温度为60～90℃，固化时间为10～45min。
9.如权利要求1所述的车灯装饰条的制备方法，其特征在于，所述底漆层、金属镀层和面漆层的厚度之比为100:(0.5～1.5):(20～80)。
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| CN107321576A (zh) * | 2017-07-02 | 2017-11-07 | 上海小糸车灯有限公司 | 车灯单向反射膜及其制备方法 |
| CN108315708A (zh) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-07-24 | 佛山市顺德区捷飞汽车用品有限公司 | 一种透光电镀层的制作方法 |
| CN109055908A (zh) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-21 | 杨胜 | 一种电子装备壳体表面镀层工艺 |
| CN109182988A (zh) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-11 | 余泽军 | 一种塑料壳体表面处理工艺 |
| CN111101106A (zh) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-05 | 四维尔丸井(广州)汽车零部件有限公司 | 用于车载塑料产品表面的镀膜方法以及车载塑料产品 |
| CN112815608A (zh) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-05-18 | 长虹美菱股份有限公司 | 一种冰箱用门饰条及其制备工艺 |
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| CN105564339A (zh) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-05-11 | 湖州泰和汽车零部件有限公司 | 一种汽车装饰条及其制备工艺 |
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| CN105564339A (zh) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-05-11 | 湖州泰和汽车零部件有限公司 | 一种汽车装饰条及其制备工艺 |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107321576A (zh) * | 2017-07-02 | 2017-11-07 | 上海小糸车灯有限公司 | 车灯单向反射膜及其制备方法 |
| CN108315708A (zh) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-07-24 | 佛山市顺德区捷飞汽车用品有限公司 | 一种透光电镀层的制作方法 |
| CN109055908A (zh) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-21 | 杨胜 | 一种电子装备壳体表面镀层工艺 |
| CN109182988A (zh) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-11 | 余泽军 | 一种塑料壳体表面处理工艺 |
| CN109055908B (zh) * | 2018-08-28 | 2020-11-10 | 淮北中易光电科技有限公司 | 一种电子装备壳体表面镀层工艺 |
| CN109182988B (zh) * | 2018-08-28 | 2020-12-08 | 陈光贡 | 一种塑料壳体表面处理工艺 |
| CN111101106A (zh) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-05 | 四维尔丸井(广州)汽车零部件有限公司 | 用于车载塑料产品表面的镀膜方法以及车载塑料产品 |
| CN112815608A (zh) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-05-18 | 长虹美菱股份有限公司 | 一种冰箱用门饰条及其制备工艺 |
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