CN106725946A - The method for prefabricating and application method of a kind of Dental implant surgery provisional prosthesis - Google Patents
The method for prefabricating and application method of a kind of Dental implant surgery provisional prosthesis Download PDFInfo
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- CN106725946A CN106725946A CN201611254389.8A CN201611254389A CN106725946A CN 106725946 A CN106725946 A CN 106725946A CN 201611254389 A CN201611254389 A CN 201611254389A CN 106725946 A CN106725946 A CN 106725946A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000004053 dental implant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims description 59
- 210000004195 gingiva Anatomy 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007408 cone-beam computed tomography Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000004513 dentition Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008197 oral dentition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003239 periodontal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010882 preoperative diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000008733 trauma Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002256 epithelial attachment Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000981 epithelium Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010883 osseointegration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002980 postoperative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
- A61C13/0003—Making bridge-work, inlays, implants or the like
- A61C13/0004—Computer-assisted sizing or machining of dental prostheses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
- A61C13/0001—In-situ dentures; Trial or temporary dentures
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
- A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
- A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
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- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
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- Dental Preparations (AREA)
Abstract
一种牙种植手术用临时修复体的预制方法，制作石膏工作模型、获取患者颌骨CT数据，配准石膏模型与颌骨CT数据，设计临时修复体，确定种植的位置和种植体规格，制作牙种植手术时使用的种植导板，控制种植体植入的准确位置。使用临时修复体的方法，使用牙种植手术用临时修复体的预制方法，最终修复体的形态与临时修复体的穿牙龈形态完全一致。使用临时修复体的方法，在口内直接磨改临时修复体成为最终修复体的基台。本发明具有无需在种植创面开放时取模，能够最大程度保护牙龈的优点。A method for prefabricating a temporary restoration for dental implant surgery, making a plaster working model, obtaining CT data of the patient's jaw, registering the plaster model with the CT data of the jaw, designing the temporary restoration, determining the position of the implant and the specifications of the implant, and making The implant guide used in dental implant surgery controls the exact position of the implant. The method of using the temporary restoration, using the prefabrication method of the temporary restoration for dental implant surgery, the shape of the final restoration is exactly the same as that of the temporary restoration through the gums. Using the method of temporary restoration, the temporary restoration is directly ground in the mouth to become the abutment of the final restoration. The invention has the advantages of not needing to take an impression when the implant wound is open, and can protect the gums to the greatest extent.
Description
技术领域technical field
发明涉及口腔科种植牙医疗器械领域，特别是一种在牙种植术前制作临时修复体诱导牙龈形态减少牙龈损伤的方法。The invention relates to the field of dental implant medical devices in the Department of Stomatology, in particular to a method for making a temporary restoration before dental implant surgery to induce gingival morphology and reduce gingival damage.
背景技术Background technique
CAD/CAM技术的不断发展，已经贯穿于整个的牙种植治疗过程中，包括术前的诊断设计，修复时的冠桥制作；该技术具有快速，可视化，精准的特点。牙种植技术理论几年来发展迅速，从最初的骨愈合不能受到干扰到可一定范围内的种植体微动不影响种植体的骨愈合，从龈下愈合到穿龈愈合近年来发展到即刻种植即刻修复。The continuous development of CAD/CAM technology has run through the entire dental implant treatment process, including preoperative diagnosis and design, and crown and bridge fabrication during restoration; this technology is fast, visualized, and accurate. The theory of dental implant technology has developed rapidly in the past few years, from the initial bone healing that cannot be disturbed to the implant fretting within a certain range does not affect the bone healing of the implant, from subgingival healing to transgingival healing to immediate implantation in recent years. repair.
常规方案种植后的修复一般需要等到骨结合完成后再进行修复体的制作，需要5-6个就诊次数。包括术前诊断,手术，术后复诊，二期手术，取模型，制作修复体。在此过程中，牙龈需要经过二到三次修整，对牙龈是有损伤的。尤其是需要在美学区进行临时冠塑造牙龈的治疗程序，会反复摘戴临时修复体甚至基台，对牙龈上皮的黏附会造成反复的破坏。有学者采用术中安装基台，并完成临时修复体的制作的方案，在最后修复的时候不再需要摘戴基台，这样避免了撕脱基台上的上皮附着，造成牙龈的损伤使得牙龈退缩，但仍然需要摘戴修改临时冠，对牙龈还存在扰动：有学着采用在术中制作工作模型，预先制作CAD/CAM的修复体，在二期打开牙龈的时候，直接连接永久基台，和永久修复体，简化了程序。这个方案需要进行种植体二期的手术，增加了手术的创伤。有学者采用术前制作导板定位种植体，术中安装永久基台，氧化锆底冠，术后底冠取模，制作临时修复体，但术后牙龈边缘位置变化后原来底冠就不协调了，尤其是前磨牙和前牙美学区域。Restoration after implantation in the conventional plan generally needs to wait until the osseointegration is completed before making the restoration, which requires 5-6 visits. Including preoperative diagnosis, surgery, postoperative follow-up, two-stage surgery, model taking, and restoration. During this process, the gums need to be trimmed two to three times, which will damage the gums. In particular, the treatment procedures that require temporary crowns to shape the gingiva in the aesthetic area will repeatedly remove and wear the temporary restoration or even the abutment, which will cause repeated damage to the adhesion of the gingival epithelium. Some scholars adopt the plan of installing the abutment during the operation and completing the production of the temporary restoration. In the final restoration, it is no longer necessary to remove the abutment, which avoids tearing off the epithelial attachment on the abutment, causing damage to the gums and making the gums Regression, but still need to remove and wear temporary crowns, there are still disturbances to the gums: some people learn to make a working model during the operation, pre-fabricate the CAD/CAM restoration, and directly connect the permanent abutment when the gums are opened in the second stage , and permanent restorations, simplifying the procedure. This solution requires a second-stage implant surgery, which increases the trauma of the surgery. Some scholars use a guide plate to position the implant before operation, install a permanent abutment and a zirconia bottom crown during the operation, take an impression of the bottom crown after the operation, and make a temporary restoration, but the original bottom crown is not coordinated after the position of the gingival edge changes after the operation , especially the premolar and anterior esthetic areas.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种能够简单快捷的制作种植临时修复体，能够诱导牙龈获得符合生理要求的形态、减少牙龈创伤并且临时修复体可以在口内调改后直接作为永久修复体基台的牙种植手术用临时修复体的预制方法。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a simple and quick way to make a temporary restoration for implantation, which can induce the gingiva to obtain a shape that meets the physiological requirements, reduce gingival trauma, and the temporary restoration can be directly used as a permanent restoration abutment after being adjusted in the mouth. Prefabrication method for temporary restorations for implant surgery.
一种牙种植手术用临时修复体的预制方法，包括以下步骤：A method for prefabricating a temporary restoration for dental implant surgery, comprising the following steps:
1）、取患者术前的上颌口腔牙列的阴模和下颌口腔牙列的阴模；记录上下牙的咬合关系；将患者口腔牙列的阴性翻灌注成石膏模型；将上颌石膏模型和下颌石膏模型根据咬合关系对位形成石膏工作模型；工作模型代表患者口腔内的牙齿、牙龈之间的真实对位关系；患者拍摄CBCT，获得患者的颌骨CT数据；1) Take the negative mold of the maxillary dentition and the negative mold of the mandibular dentition; record the occlusal relationship between the upper and lower teeth; pour the negative of the patient’s oral dentition into a plaster model; The plaster model forms a plaster working model according to the alignment of the occlusal relationship; the working model represents the real alignment relationship between the teeth and gums in the patient's mouth; the patient takes a CBCT to obtain the CT data of the patient's jaw;
2）、扫描石膏工作模型，获得数字化石膏工作模型，将数字化石膏模型与颌骨CT数据进行配准，形成配准后数字工作模型（如将数字化石膏工作模型的牙与CT数据上的牙进行配准）；2) Scan the plaster working model to obtain a digital plaster working model, and register the digital plaster model with the CT data of the jaw to form a digital working model after registration (such as aligning the teeth of the digital plaster working model with the teeth on the CT data) Registration);
3）、在配准后的数字工作模型上，根据上下牙咬合关系和邻牙的牙龈形态设计临时修复体，临时修复体用于塑造未来的牙龈形态，临时修复体的设计要求为：满足牙龈形态与邻牙协调、且牙龈缘到牙槽骨之间的距离满足生物学宽度，临时修复体的穿牙龈形态为该牙位天然牙的龈窝形态；3) On the registered digital working model, a temporary restoration is designed according to the occlusal relationship of the upper and lower teeth and the gingival shape of the adjacent teeth. The temporary restoration is used to shape the future gingival shape. The design requirements of the temporary restoration are: to meet the gingival The shape is coordinated with the adjacent teeth, and the distance between the gingival margin and the alveolar bone meets the biological width, and the gingival shape of the temporary restoration is the gingival fossa shape of the natural tooth at the tooth position;
4）、根据临时修复体的穿牙龈形态，牙龈缘形态和牙龈牙槽骨之间的生物学宽度设计种植体骨窝的形态，确定种植的位置和种植体规格；4) According to the gingival shape of the temporary restoration, the shape of the gingival margin and the biological width between the gingival alveolar bone, the shape of the implant bone socket is designed, and the position of the implant and the specifications of the implant are determined;
5）、制作牙种植手术时使用的种植导板，控制种植体植入的准确位置。5) Make the implant guide plate used in dental implant surgery to control the exact position of the implant.
进一步，步骤1）中，CBCT采集种植区和种植区临近的天然牙作为种植导板设计用CT数据。CBCT采集的是牙槽骨和牙之间的关系，也就是硬组织的关系；石膏模型表达的是外形轮廓，两个模型中牙是共有的，所以将石膏模型和颌骨CT数据的牙匹配重合后就可以建立牙、牙龈这些外在的与内在的牙槽骨之间的空间位置关系。Further, in step 1), CBCT collects the implant area and natural teeth adjacent to the implant area as CT data for implant guide design. CBCT captures the relationship between alveolar bone and teeth, that is, the relationship between hard tissues; the plaster model expresses the outline, and the teeth in the two models are common, so the plaster model and the teeth of the jaw CT data are matched After overlapping, the spatial position relationship between the external and internal alveolar bone such as teeth and gums can be established.
进一步，步骤3）中，设计临时修复体的方法为：在配准后数字工作模型上分离出牙龈和牙槽骨的位置形态；种植区的牙槽骨形态根据相邻的健康牙周牙槽骨形态进行数字化模拟渐变仿生，仿生设计出牙冠边缘的形态，牙冠边缘的形态决定未来牙龈的形态；建立临时修复体的牙体结构轮廓和出牙龈形态；将种植区牙槽骨和虚拟的临时修复体进行匹配，假牙牙龈边缘到牙槽骨的距离满足生物学宽度。Further, in step 3), the method of designing the temporary restoration is as follows: separate the position and shape of the gingiva and alveolar bone on the digital working model after registration; the shape of the alveolar bone in the implant area is based on the adjacent healthy periodontal alveolar Bone morphology is digitally simulated with gradual bionics, and the shape of the edge of the crown is designed by bionics, which determines the shape of the future gingiva; the tooth structure outline and gingiva shape of the temporary restoration are established; the alveolar bone in the implant area and the virtual The temporary restoration is matched, and the distance from the gingival edge of the denture to the alveolar bone meets the biological width.
进一步，步骤4）中，设计种植体骨窝的形态时，判断牙槽骨的骨量是否充足，在骨量充足的情况下根据需要修正种植骨窝形态；在牙槽骨的骨量不足的情况下根据邻牙的形态和牙龈缘形态进行妥协的设计。修复体出牙龈的形态也将是符合生理要求的形态，大大优于传统的圆形出牙龈形态，种植骨窝形态由设计人员根据邻牙和对侧同名牙和该缺牙位牙体颈部形态固有的生理学规律设计。Further, in step 4), when designing the shape of the implant bone socket, judge whether the bone mass of the alveolar bone is sufficient, and correct the shape of the implant bone socket as needed if the bone mass is sufficient; if the bone mass of the alveolar bone is insufficient In some cases, a compromise design is made according to the shape of the adjacent teeth and the shape of the gingival margin. The shape of the prosthetic gingiva will also meet the physiological requirements, which is much better than the traditional circular gingiva shape. Physiological laws inherent in morphology design.
一种使用临时修复体的方法：使用牙种植手术用临时修复体的预制方法，最终修复体的形态与临时修复体的形态完全一致。因此，最终修复体的穿牙龈轮廓完全匹配。牙龈愈合后、拆除临时修复体，用最终修复体代替临时修复体，不改变牙龈的形态。A method of using a temporary restoration: using a prefabrication method of a temporary restoration for dental implant surgery, the shape of the final restoration is exactly the same as that of the temporary restoration. Thus, the transgingival contour of the final restoration was perfectly matched. After the gingiva has healed, the temporary restoration is removed and replaced with the final restoration without changing the shape of the gingiva.
在种植体稳定性不够的情况下可以将个性化的临时修复体高度降低，调改成个性化的愈合帽，防止不稳定的种植体因受咬合的影响而松动。种植体稳定度（ISQ）低于70时，则种植体稳定性不足以支撑临时修复体。这样就需要采用上述修复方案。当然患者需要更换修复体材料的时候也需要采用上述修复方案。In the case of insufficient stability of the implant, the height of the personalized temporary restoration can be reduced and changed into a personalized healing cap to prevent the unstable implant from loosening due to the impact of occlusal. Implant stability (ISQ) below 70 means that the implant is not stable enough to support the temporary restoration. This necessitates the above-mentioned repair solution. Of course, when the patient needs to replace the prosthetic material, the above-mentioned prosthetic scheme also needs to be adopted.
一种使用临时修复体的方法：临时修复体采用高强度材料制成（如氧化锆，全瓷，或金属等），牙种植术完成、牙龈愈合完成后，在口内直接磨改临时修复体成为最终修复体的基台，然后将最终修复体粘接在临时修复体磨改后的基台上，完成修复。这样不用拆除临时修复体，对牙龈没有二次损伤。最终修复体可以采用现有技术的最终修复体。A method of using a temporary restoration: the temporary restoration is made of high-strength materials (such as zirconia, all-ceramic, or metal, etc.), and after the dental implant is completed and the gums heal, the temporary restoration is directly ground in the mouth to become The abutment of the final restoration, and then the final restoration is cemented on the ground-up abutment of the temporary restoration to complete the restoration. In this way, there is no need to remove the temporary restoration, and there is no secondary damage to the gums. The final restoration can adopt the final restoration of the state of the art.
一种使用临时修复体的方法：使用牙种植手术用临时修复体的预制方法制作最终修复体，最终修复体的牙龈形态与临时修复体的牙龈形态完全一致。在种植体稳定度不足以支持临时修复体时，调改降低临时修复体，将临时修复体修改成为个性化的种植体愈合帽。这种方法适用于需要拆除临时修复体的情况。A method of using a temporary restoration: using the prefabrication method of the temporary restoration for dental implant surgery to make the final restoration, the gingival morphology of the final restoration is exactly the same as that of the temporary restoration. When the stability of the implant is not enough to support the temporary restoration, the temporary restoration is adjusted and lowered, and the temporary restoration is modified into a personalized implant healing cap. This method is suitable for cases where temporary restorations need to be removed.
本发明优点在于：本发明用于实现种植牙一步修复方案（STF，start to final）。在牙种植手术前，根据数字化工作模型设计与缺牙区牙槽骨和牙龈、种植体适配的修复体，在设计种植方案时，兼顾修复体的设计，从而避免了在牙种植手术中制作修复体，无需在种植创面开放时取模，能够最大程度保护牙龈。The advantage of the present invention is that: the present invention is used to realize a one-step restoration solution (STF, start to final) of the dental implant. Before dental implant surgery, according to the digital working model, design the prosthesis that fits the alveolar bone, gingiva, and implant in the edentulous area. When designing the implant plan, take into account the design of the prosthesis, thus avoiding the need to make The restoration does not need to take an impression when the implant wound is open, which can protect the gingiva to the greatest extent.
具体实施方式detailed description
实施例1Example 1
一种牙种植手术用临时修复体的制作方法，包括以下步骤：A method for making a temporary restoration for dental implant surgery, comprising the following steps:
1）、取患者术前的上颌口腔牙列的阴模和下颌口腔牙列的阴模；记录上下牙的咬合关系；将患者口腔牙列的阴性翻灌注成石膏模型；将上颌石膏模型和下颌石膏模型根据咬合关系对位形成石膏工作模型；工作模型代表患者口腔内的牙齿、牙龈之间的真实对位关系；患者拍摄CBCT，获得患者的颌骨CT数据；1) Take the negative mold of the maxillary dentition and the negative mold of the mandibular dentition; record the occlusal relationship between the upper and lower teeth; pour the negative of the patient’s oral dentition into a plaster model; The plaster model forms a plaster working model according to the alignment of the occlusal relationship; the working model represents the real alignment relationship between the teeth and gums in the patient's mouth; the patient takes a CBCT to obtain the CT data of the patient's jaw;
2）、扫描石膏工作模型，获得数字化石膏工作模型，将数字化石膏模型与颌骨CT数据进行配准，形成配准后数字工作模型（如将数字化石膏工作模型的牙与CT数据上的牙进行配准）；2) Scan the plaster working model to obtain a digital plaster working model, and register the digital plaster model with the CT data of the jaw to form a digital working model after registration (such as aligning the teeth of the digital plaster working model with the teeth on the CT data) Registration);
3）、在配准后的数字工作模型上，根据上下牙咬合关系和邻牙的牙龈形态设计临时修复体，临时修复体用于塑造未来的牙龈形态，临时修复体的设计要求为：满足牙龈形态与邻牙协调、且牙龈缘到牙槽骨之间的距离满足生物学宽度，临时修复体的穿牙龈形态为该牙位天然牙的龈窝形态；生物学宽度根据教科书定义，通常为3mm左右。3) On the registered digital working model, a temporary restoration is designed according to the occlusal relationship of the upper and lower teeth and the gingival shape of the adjacent teeth. The temporary restoration is used to shape the future gingival shape. The design requirements of the temporary restoration are: to meet the gingival The shape is coordinated with the adjacent teeth, and the distance between the gingival margin and the alveolar bone meets the biological width. The gingival shape of the temporary restoration is the gingival fossa shape of the natural tooth at the tooth position; the biological width is defined according to the textbook, usually 3mm about.
4）、根据临时修复体的穿牙龈形态，牙龈缘形态和牙龈牙槽骨之间的生物学宽度设计种植体骨窝的形态，确定种植的位置和种植体规格；4) According to the gingival shape of the temporary restoration, the shape of the gingival margin and the biological width between the gingival alveolar bone, the shape of the implant bone socket is designed, and the position of the implant and the specifications of the implant are determined;
5）、制作牙种植手术时使用的种植导板，控制种植体植入的准确位置。5) Make the implant guide plate used in dental implant surgery to control the exact position of the implant.
步骤1）中，CBCT采集种植区和种植区临近的天然牙作为种植导板设计用CT数据。CBCT采集的是牙槽骨和牙之间的关系，也就是硬组织的关系；石膏模型表达的是外形轮廓，两个模型中牙是共有的，所以将石膏模型和颌骨CT数据的牙匹配重合后就可以建立牙、牙龈这些外在的与内在的牙槽骨之间的空间位置关系。In step 1), CBCT collects the implant area and the natural teeth adjacent to the implant area as CT data for implant guide design. CBCT captures the relationship between alveolar bone and teeth, that is, the relationship between hard tissues; the plaster model expresses the outline, and the teeth in the two models are common, so the plaster model and the teeth of the jaw CT data are matched After overlapping, the spatial position relationship between the external and internal alveolar bone such as teeth and gums can be established.
步骤3）中，设计临时修复体的方法为：在配准后数字工作模型上分离出牙龈和牙槽骨的位置形态；种植区的牙槽骨形态根据相邻的健康牙周牙槽骨形态进行数字化模拟渐变仿生，仿生设计出牙冠边缘的形态，牙冠边缘的形态决定未来牙龈的形态；建立临时修复体的牙体结构轮廓和出牙龈形态；将种植区牙槽骨和虚拟的临时修复体进行匹配，假牙牙龈边缘到牙槽骨的距离满足生物学宽度。In step 3), the method of designing the temporary restoration is: separate the position and shape of the gingiva and alveolar bone on the digital working model after registration; the shape of the alveolar bone in the implant area is based on the shape of the adjacent healthy periodontal alveolar bone Carry out digital simulation of gradual bionics, and bionic design the shape of the crown edge, which determines the shape of the future gingiva; establish the tooth structure outline of the temporary restoration and the shape of the gingiva; integrate the alveolar bone in the implant area and the virtual temporary The prosthesis was matched, and the distance from the gingival edge of the denture to the alveolar bone met the biological width.
步骤4）中，设计种植体骨窝的形态时，判断牙槽骨的骨量是否充足，在骨量充足的情况下根据需要修正种植骨窝形态；在牙槽骨的骨量不足的情况下根据邻牙的形态和牙龈缘形态进行妥协的设计。因为当临时修复体在满足邻牙协调和生物学宽度时，临时修复体的出牙龈形态就决定了，这样就需要根据临时修复体的出牙龈的形态来推导牙槽骨的形态和种植体的位置，如果牙槽骨多，也就是牙槽骨比较高的情况下就需要磨除部分牙槽骨的顶端，从而和临时修复体匹配。如果牙槽骨高度不够则需要临时修复的的形态设计进行妥协，降低牙龈边缘来配合牙槽骨高度或者植骨来增加牙槽骨高度。简单说就是临时修复体和牙槽骨之间要协调，满足生物学宽度。但即使是根据邻牙的形态和牙龈缘形态进行妥协的设计，修复体出牙龈的形态也将是符合生理要求的形态，大大优于传统的圆形出牙龈形态，种植骨窝形态由设计人员根据邻牙和对侧同名牙和该缺牙位牙体颈部形态固有的生理学规律设计。In step 4), when designing the shape of the bone socket of the implant, judge whether the bone volume of the alveolar bone is sufficient, and correct the shape of the bone socket as needed if the bone volume is sufficient; if the bone volume of the alveolar bone is insufficient A compromise design is made according to the shape of the adjacent teeth and the shape of the gingival margin. Because when the temporary restoration satisfies the coordination of adjacent teeth and the biological width, the shape of the gingiva of the temporary restoration is determined, so it is necessary to deduce the shape of the alveolar bone and the shape of the implant according to the shape of the gingiva of the temporary restoration. position, if there is a lot of alveolar bone, that is, if the alveolar bone is relatively high, it is necessary to grind away part of the top of the alveolar bone to match the temporary restoration. If the height of the alveolar bone is not enough, it is necessary to compromise the shape design of the temporary restoration, lower the gingival margin to match the height of the alveolar bone or bone graft to increase the height of the alveolar bone. Simply put, the temporary restoration and the alveolar bone should be coordinated to meet the biological width. However, even if a compromise design is made based on the shape of the adjacent teeth and the shape of the gingival margin, the shape of the prosthetic gingiva will meet the physiological requirements, which is much better than the traditional circular shape of the gingiva. The shape of the implant socket is determined by the designer. It is designed according to the inherent physiological laws of the adjacent teeth and the opposite teeth of the same name and the shape of the tooth neck of the edentulous position.
实施例2Example 2
一种使用临时修复体的方法：临时修复体采用高强度材料制成（如氧化锆，全瓷，或金属等），牙种植术完成、牙龈愈合完成后，在口内直接磨改临时修复体成为最终修复体的基台，然后将最终修复体粘接在临时修复体磨改后的基台上，完成修复。这样不用拆除临时修复体，对牙龈没有二次损伤。最终修复体可以采用现有技术的最终修复体。A method of using a temporary restoration: the temporary restoration is made of high-strength materials (such as zirconia, all-ceramic, or metal, etc.), and after the dental implant is completed and the gums heal, the temporary restoration is directly ground in the mouth to become The abutment of the final restoration, and then the final restoration is cemented on the ground-up abutment of the temporary restoration to complete the restoration. In this way, there is no need to remove the temporary restoration, and there is no secondary damage to the gums. The final restoration can adopt the final restoration of the state of the art.
实施例3Example 3
一种使用临时修复体的方法：使用牙种植手术用临时修复体的预制方法制作最终修复体，最终修复体的牙龈形态与临时修复体的牙龈形态完全一致。A method of using a temporary restoration: using the prefabrication method of the temporary restoration for dental implant surgery to make the final restoration, the gingival morphology of the final restoration is exactly the same as that of the temporary restoration.
这种方法适用于需要拆除临时修复体的情况。在种植体稳定度测量值小于70时则认为种植体的稳定度不足以支撑临时修复体，将临时修复体修改成为个性化的种植体愈合帽。This method is suitable for cases where temporary restorations need to be removed. When the measured value of implant stability is less than 70, it is considered that the stability of the implant is not enough to support the temporary restoration, and the temporary restoration is modified into a personalized implant healing cap.
本说明书实施例所述的内容仅仅是对本发明构思的实现形式的列举，本发明的保护范围不应当被视为仅限于实施例所陈述的具体形式，本发明的保护范围也及于本领域技术人员根据本发明构思所能够想到的等同技术手段。The content described in the embodiments of this specification is only an enumeration of the implementation forms of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as limited to the specific forms stated in the embodiments. Equivalent technical means that a person can think of based on the concept of the present invention.
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