CN109758242B - Windowing type mold taking method for accurate dental implant - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a window-type impression-taking method for precise dental implants, comprising the following steps: 1) making a preliminary impression in the mouth, which is used to make a personalized tray suitable for the shape of a patient's dental arch, and obtain a rough position of the implant ; 2) Make individual trays and open windows at the implants so that the transfer rod can pass through smoothly; 3) Use personalized trays to make final impressions, and use high-fluidity impression materials around the lower half of the transfer rods to obtain wear. Gingival shape, the upper part uses self-curing plastic to form a rigid connection between the transfer rod and the tray to ensure the accurate position and orientation of the transfer rod. The method is especially suitable for the preparation of implant-supported overdenture models, which is simple and accurate, and has wide clinical applicability.

Description

A fenestration-taking method for precise dental implants

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of biotechnology, and relates to a window-type model-taking method for precise dental implants.

Background technique

Defective dentition refers to the loss of different numbers of teeth in the dentition of the upper or lower jaw. When all the teeth are missing, it is called missing dentition. Dentition defect and loss are common oral problems in the elderly, and caries and periodontal disease are the main causes of tooth loss in the elderly. The number of missing teeth in the elderly increases with age. When the number of missing teeth accounts for more than 1/4 of the total teeth, it will affect the normal function of the oral cavity, especially the chewing function, and then affect the digestion and absorption of food. The long-term loss of most teeth will also affect the physical and mental health and quality of life of the elderly. The survey shows that 86.1% of people aged 65 to 74 in the country have missing teeth. At present, the repair methods for dentition defects and deletions mainly include fixed denture restoration, removable denture restoration and implant denture restoration. Implant denture restoration is accepted by more and more patients because of its advantages such as no damage to adjacent teeth, good retention and stability, high chewing efficiency, and natural beauty.

In 1966, Professor Branemark put forward the theory of osseointegration, that is, observed under a light microscope, the implant and the surrounding bone tissue are in close contact, and there is no non-bone tissue such as fibrous tissue intervening between the implant and the bone tissue. So far, the osseointegrated interface is still used as a marker for the success of artificial tooth implantation. It is precisely because there is no periodontal ligament around the implant that can not compensate for the slight movement of the superstructure, so passive positioning between the implant and the superstructure is an important condition for the long-term success of implant restoration. Without passive seating, excessive cyclic stress can result, leading to implant overload and a range of mechanical complications, such as loosening and fracture of repair screws, stents, and implants, marginal bone resorption, and even loss of osseointegration. In order to improve the precision of the restoration and obtain passive seating, scholars have conducted a number of studies in clinical operations and denture fabrication, among which the most important step is to improve the accuracy of the impression. Studies have shown that the number and angle of implants, impression technology and impression material can all affect the accuracy of implant impressions, among which impression technology has the greatest impact. At present, there are many common impression methods. According to whether the tray used is open or not, it can be divided into window type impression and non-window type impression. A fenestrated impression is an impression made using a fenestrated tray and a transfer body with a central set screw. Studies have confirmed that fenestration impressions are more accurate than non-fenestrated impressions. In 1985, Professor Branemark proposed the splint impression technique, that is, using dental floss to bind the transfer rod in the mouth, and then connecting the transfer rod with self-curing acrylic resin to fix the relative position between the transfer rods, so as to improve the accuracy of the impression. . However, in clinical practice, it was found that this method has problems such as long chairside operation time, difficult binding of dental floss, and displacement of the transfer rod caused by stress caused by resin polymerization shrinkage. Therefore, some scholars have improved this method. First, the negative mold is obtained by the non-window impression method, the substitute is connected, the plaster model is poured out, and the resin splint is made on the model. After the resin is completely cured, it is disconnected to release the stress generated by the polymerization shrinkage. Reconnect after intraoral placement. Finally, a final impression is obtained using the windowed impression method. The improved splint technology reduces chairside operation time and reduces the stress caused by resin polymerization shrinkage. However, there are still many areas for improvement in this method, such as the excessive volume of the resin splint affects the positioning of the tray and the acquisition of the soft tissue shape in the mouth, the stress of resin polymerization shrinkage is greatly reduced but still exists, and there is an elastic print between the transfer rod and the tray. The mold material is prone to deformation and displacement during the process of gypsum pouring.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a fenestration method for precise dental implants, which can more easily obtain clear and accurate soft and hard tissue morphology and the gingival morphology of implants, and is especially suitable for implant-supported coverage. Impressions of dentures are taken.

The mold taking method provided by the invention no longer needs to make splints between the transfer rods, thereby solving the problem of changing the angle of the implant caused by the shrinkage and deformation of resin polymerization at the root, and making the mold taking steps simple and convenient. Removing the obstruction of the volume of the resin splint, the tray is easier to position, and it is easier to obtain a clear and accurate soft and hard tissue morphology as well as the transgingival morphology of the implant, especially for implant-supported overdenture impressions.

According to the method of the invention, a personalized tray conforming to the shape of a patient's dental arch is produced according to the initial impression, so that the anatomical structure of the oral cavity can be obtained more completely, and the accuracy of the model can be improved.

The method of the invention forms a rigid connection between the upper half of the transfer rod and the tray, which replaces the elastic impression material in the traditional method, so that the model will not be deformed or displaced during the process of taking out the model from the mouth, connecting the substitute and pouring plaster. Greatly improves the accuracy of the impression.

The technical scheme provided by the present invention is as follows:

A fenestration-taking method for precise dental implants, comprising the following steps:

(1) Make a first impression in the mouth;

(2) Make individual trays and open windows at the implants;

(3) Inject high-fluidity impression material into the lower half of the transfer rod to obtain a transgingival shape, and inject self-setting plastic into the gap between the upper half of the transfer rod and the tray to form a rigid connection, that is, to obtain a final impression .

Step (1) is used to make a personalized tray suitable for the shape of the patient's dental arch, and obtain the rough position of the implant.

Step (2) Open a window at the implant so that the transfer rod can pass through smoothly.

Specifically, the window opening range of the step (2) is large enough so that the tray can be easily seated in the patient's mouth.

Specifically, the high-fluidity impression material in the step (3) is selected from one of polyether fine impression material, silicone rubber impression material and alginate impression material, and its function is to take out the implant The fine structure of the hard and soft tissues around the neck and in the oral cavity.

Specifically, the self-curing plastic in the step (3) is a room temperature curing type flow resin.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

(1) This method does not need to make a splint, solves the problem of resin polymerization shrinkage, and the tray is easier to place, and can obtain a clearer and more accurate soft and hard tissue shape and the gingival shape of the implant;

(2) The self-setting plastic is used to form a rigid connection between the transfer rod and the tray, which greatly reduces the displacement and deformation of the model during use, and greatly improves the accuracy of the impression;

(3) The preparation method is simple and easy to operate.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 Simulates the edentulous situation, with two implants placed in the canine area on both sides;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of making individual trays; A: A layer of base wax is covered on the initial impression; B: Individual trays are made with light-cured resin film;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of taking an impression; A: Impression material is injected at the place where the implant penetrates the gingiva to obtain the gingival shape of the implant; B: Fluid self-curing resin is injected between the upper half of the transfer rod and the tray.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the content of the present invention is not limited thereto at all.

Example 1

Implant fenestration

The preparation steps are as follows:

(1) Make a first impression in the mouth;

(2) Prepare individual trays and open windows at the implants;

Figure 2-A is covering a layer of base wax on the initial impression, reserving space for the impression material; Figure 2-B is making individual trays with light-curing resin model material, with a window at the implant abutment, opening the window The range needs to be large enough to allow the transfer rod to pass smoothly;

(3) Take the final impression;

Figure 3-A shows the injection of a high-fluidity impression material (one of polyether fine impression material, silicone rubber impression material and alginate impression material) into the place where the implant penetrates the gingiva, Figure 3-B Inject fluid self-curing resin (room temperature curing fluid resin) between the upper half of the transfer rod and the tray to form a rigid connection between the transfer rod and the tray.

Application Example 1

In this study, 5 patients were included, of which 3 had posterior dentition defect, 2 had half-oral dentition loss, and the restorations were all screw-retained. The results showed that all restorations could achieve passive seating, and no The case where the bits or edges do not fit together and is reworked.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to this. Any modifications made by any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention are equivalent Substitutions and improvements, etc., should all be included within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. A window-opening type model taking method for an accurate dental implant is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) preparing a primary impression in the mouth;

(2) making individual tray and making window in the implant;

(3) injecting a high-fluidity impression material into the lower half part of the transfer rod to obtain a transgingival shape, and injecting self-setting plastics into a gap between the upper half part of the transfer rod and the tray to form rigid connection, so as to obtain a final impression; the self-solidifying plastic is room temperature curing type flowing resin.

2. The modulus extraction method of claim 1, wherein: the windowing range of the step (2) is large enough to enable the tray to be easily positioned in the mouth of the patient.

3. The modulus extraction method of claim 1, wherein: the high-fluidity impression material in the step (3) is selected from one of polyether fine impression materials, silicone rubber impression materials and alginate impression materials.

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