CN104956877B - The solid native grass planting method of Riparian Zone chad beach - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method for fixing soil and planting grass on a river bank with gravel beach, which comprises the following steps: digging a pit on the river bank with gravel beach; placing an outer ring and an inner ring in turn along the wall of the pit; filling the inner ring with Soil, the mixture of soil and soil curing agent is filled between the inner ring and the outer ring, gravel is filled between the outer ring and the pit wall; the inner ring and the outer ring are pulled out, and soil-fixing plants are planted in the inner ring soil . This method has simple steps and requires few materials. Through the design of the inner ring and the outer ring, a four-layer fixed soil protection system is established to resist the erosion of rainwater or river water to the greatest extent. At the same time, the vegetation recovery area is large and the greening effect is good.

Description

Soil-fixing and Grass-planting Method on Gravel Beach in River Bank

technical field

The invention relates to the field of soil remediation, in particular to a soil-fixing and grass-planting method on gravel beaches along river banks.

Background technique

In the late 20th century, with the rapid increase of population and the development of industrial and agricultural production, the ecological environment, which is the most important river ecosystem in nature, was seriously threatened. As an important part of the river ecosystem, the riparian zone includes the river bed between the high and low water levels and the zone above the high water level until the influence of the river water completely disappears. Its special location makes it rich in wildlife resources, water resources , climate resources and tourism resources. Under the dual impact of land and water systems, the riparian zone has many functions such as increasing biodiversity and ecosystem productivity, controlling and protecting water and soil pollution, adjusting microclimate and beautifying the ecological environment. However, due to the disturbance and destruction of human activities, the vegetation in the riparian zone has been severely degraded, leading to a large amount of soil loss, which eventually led to the disappearance of the role of the riparian zone as a corridor, filter and barrier for material flow, energy flow, information flow and biological flow. With our country's attention to ecological problems, the restoration of degraded vegetation in riparian zones has become a hot spot in the field of ecological research. The high gravel soil caused by the massive loss of soil in the riparian zone seriously restricts the restoration process of vegetation.

At present, the widely used method in the vegetation restoration project of the riparian zone is to combine cement and several materials to make various forms of ecological concrete. Among them, porous continuous greening concrete is widely used. Porous continuous green concrete is made by mixing coarse aggregate, admixture, cement, chemical additives and water, without fine aggregate, and looks like edible "shaqima" in appearance. The concrete process of this method is:

First of all, the slope to be treated should be leveled, and then the prefabricated ordinary concrete frame should be laid; the raw material of porous continuous greening concrete is composed of aggregates, cement, admixtures and admixtures. After determining the ratio, add water and mix well, then pour it into the prefabricated concrete frame; then enter the curing period, which generally lasts for more than three days. During the curing period, the alkalinity of the concrete soil should be controlled. Since Ca(OH) ₂ is produced during the cement hydration process, the concrete body is usually alkaline, and the alkalinity must be controlled, otherwise plants cannot grow; during the curing period Afterwards, it is necessary to fill the pores. The pores of the ecological porous concrete are a specific artificial plant growth environment. The chemical properties of the filling materials and the nutrients required by various plants determine whether the plants can live in the ecological porous concrete. Normal germination, rooting, long-term growth. The base material of the filling soil is generally cultivated soil or loess suitable for plant growth, and a certain amount of fertilizer, water retaining agent, organic matter, humus and other additional materials are added as needed; finally, the surface guest soil is covered, and the surface guest soil is laid on the vegetation concrete The surface forms the space for the initial growth of vegetation, provides nutrients and water for the initial growth of vegetation, and prevents the overheating of the concrete surface from affecting the growth of plants, and reduces the evaporation of water in the planting concrete before the plants have water and soil protection, and prevents the filling of the porous continuous greening concrete below it. material loss.

Although the vegetation recovery method of porous continuous greening concrete is the only good method measured, its production process is complicated. Porous continuous concrete not only needs to be poured, but also needs to be maintained, and then the pores are filled and the surface soil is covered. The cycle is too long , the workload is heavy, and the production cost is not low. At the same time, concrete itself is a hardened soil-fixing material. Although it is porous, its impact on the natural environment is still unclear. According to the research, it is known that the porosity of porous continuous greening concrete is 25%-40%, so the actual greening area is limited, and high-density greening effect cannot be achieved. The large amount of material required is also one of the disadvantages of this method. Finally, during the covering process of surface guest soil, the top soil cannot be protected, and it is likely to be washed away by water flow, while the exposed porous continuous greening concrete cannot achieve the expected vegetation restoration effect.

In view of this, the present invention is proposed.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for fixing soil and planting grass on gravel beaches along river banks. Resists rain or river erosion. At the same time, the vegetation recovery area is large and the greening effect is good.

In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, special adopt following technical scheme:

A method for soil fixation and grass planting on a river bank with gravel beach, comprising the following steps: digging a pit on the river bank with gravel beach; placing an outer ring and an inner ring sequentially along the wall of the pit; filling the inner ring with soil, and the inner ring The mixture of soil and soil solidifying agent is filled between the outer ring and the outer ring, and crushed gravel is filled between the outer ring and the pit wall; the inner ring and the outer ring are pulled out, and soil-fixing plants are planted in the inner ring soil.

The invention provides a soil-fixing and grass-planting method on a gravel beach along a river bank. By introducing the design of the inner ring and the outer ring into the pit, a four-layer protection system for fixing the soil is established, which can resist the erosion of rainwater or river water to the greatest extent. One is to fill the inner circle with soil and plant soil-fixing plants. The roots of the plants fix the soil so that it is not easy to lose, and can restore the vegetation on the gravel beach along the river bank. The second is that the soil filled between the inner ring and the outer ring is not protected by soil-fixing plants, by adding soil curing agents to the soil to increase the interaction between soil particles, enhance the consolidation effect of the soil, and ensure that the soil is not easy to be Running water washes away, reducing soil loss. The third is that the soil mixed with soil curing agent filled between the inner ring and the outer ring also protects the soil filled in the inner ring. Since the soil filled outside the inner ring is mixed with soil curing agent, its compactness is enhanced. A new barrier is formed outside the inner ring, enhancing the erosion resistance of the filling soil in the inner ring. Moreover, the root system during plant growth can also extend to this area, further retaining more soil, which is conducive to subsequent vegetation restoration. The fourth is that the outer ring and the pit wall are filled with crushed gravel that is hard and not easy to be washed away, so that the pit constitutes an independent system on the beach, which is the outermost protection system and protects the soil in the pit.

In the method for fixing soil and planting grass on gravel beaches along river banks provided by the present invention, the soil filled in the inner circle and the outer circle can be taken from the nearest soil, the soil sorted out when digging the pit can be used, and the soil can also be taken from areas other than the pit. The crushed gravel filled between the outer ring and the pit wall can also be obtained from nearby materials, and the crushed gravel sorted out on the gravel beach can be used. The steps are simple, the materials are less, and the manpower, material resources and financial resources are greatly saved.

In the method provided by the invention, the size of the pit will affect the effect of soil fixation and grass planting. Preferably, the pit has a depth of 20-30 cm and a volume of 0.05-0.10 m ³ . Controlling the size of the pits within this range will not easily cause large-scale erosion. Within a certain area of the beach, small and scattered soil pits will reduce the chance of being scoured by water. Based on the consideration of the root system of soil-fixing plants, the depth of the pit is controlled at 20-30cm, which is conducive to the full growth of plant roots, so as to ensure the maximum function of soil-fixing and slope protection.

The mixture of soil and soil curing agent filled between the inner ring and the outer ring has a protective effect on the soil filled in the inner ring, but due to its high compactness and soil consolidation degree, it is not conducive to the extension of plant roots, so , preferably, the distance between the inner ring and the outer ring is 8-10 cm, which can not only play a good protective role, but also not inhibit the growth of plant roots because of the large area; as the outermost layer of protection system, the distance between the outer ring and the pit wall is preferably 2-4 cm, and the gravel filled therein can support the structure of the entire pit and play a very good protective role.

The soil stabilizer plays the role of fixing the soil, and the added amount of curing is relatively large, which has a high effect of fixing the soil and can minimize the erosion of water. But too tight can also affect the growth of plants. Preferably, the mass of the soil curing agent accounts for 0.4%-0.6% of the soil mass, and the preferred addition amount can not only promote the consolidation between soil particles, but also not affect the growth of plants and the pH of the soil itself.

Preferably, the soil filled in the inner ring further includes a soil curing agent, and the mass of the soil curing agent mixed in the soil in the inner ring accounts for 0.2% to 0.3% of the mass of the soil filled in the inner ring. By mixing the soil stabilizer in the soil of the inner circle, it works in a two-pronged manner with soil-fixing plants to further ensure the enhancement of the soil's anti-corrosion performance. Moreover, the quality of the mixed soil stabilizer will not affect the root growth of soil-fixing plants.

The soil curing agent is preferably an ionic soil curing agent. The brand is Lubang EN-1 soil curing agent. Strong ion exchange promotes the activity of the soil. environment, the use of this curing agent achieves the dual effects of safety, stability and environmental friendliness. At the same time, Lubang EN-1 soil stabilizer can improve the soil structure, increase the saturated hydraulic conductivity and organic matter content of the soil, which is beneficial to the absorption of nutrients by plant roots and promote the photosynthesis of plants.

Preferably, the density of the soil filled in the inner ring is 1.3-1.5g/cm ³ , and the density of the mixture filled between the inner ring and the outer ring is 1.5-1.7g/cm ³ , which can ensure the soil The compactness reduces the erosion by running water and is also conducive to the full growth of plant roots.

Preferably, the crushed gravel filled between the outer ring and the inner wall has a particle size of 10-25mm. The particle size of the crushed gravel is preferably 10-25 mm, which is the best to ensure the packing density, can provide good strength and stability, and can also ensure good water permeability and is not easy to freeze.

Further preferably, the soil-fixing and grass-planting method on the gravel beach along the river bank provided by the present invention also fills the gaps between the broken gravels with soil to increase the connection strength between the broken gravels and also provide a certain space for the growth of plant roots.

Preferably, the soil-fixing plant is any one of bermudagrass, white clover, alfalfa, bahia grass, and seaside paspalum, which can adapt to the growth environment of the gravel beach in the river bank. Further preferably, the soil-fixing plant is Bermudagrass, which germinates quickly, has a high germination rate, requires few nutrients, and has good salt tolerance, adapting to the poor soil glue in the gravel beach of the river bank; good water resistance, energy It survives the rainy season without being damaged; its root and fibrous system is strong, the rhizomes have strong spreading power, and the effect of fixing foreign soil is outstanding.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

(1) By introducing the design of the inner and outer rings into the pit, a four-layer fixed soil protection system is established to ensure that it can resist the erosion of rainwater or river water. One is to fill the inner circle with soil and plant soil-fixing plants. The roots of the plants fix the soil so that it is not easy to lose, and can restore the vegetation on the gravel beach along the river bank. The second is that the soil filled between the inner ring and the outer ring is not protected by soil-fixing plants, by adding soil curing agents to the soil to increase the interaction between soil particles, enhance the consolidation effect of the soil, and ensure that the soil is not easy to be Running water washes away. The third is that the soil mixed with soil curing agent filled between the inner ring and the outer ring also protects the soil filled in the inner ring. Since the soil filled outside the inner ring is mixed with soil curing agent, its compactness is enhanced. A new barrier is formed outside the inner circle to protect the soil filled in the inner circle from being washed away by running water. Fourth, the outer ring and the pit wall are filled with crushed gravel that is hard and not easy to be washed away, so that the pit constitutes an independent system on the beach. The outermost protection system protects the soil in the pit.

(2) In the method for soil-fixing and planting grass on the riverbank with gravel beach provided by the present invention, the soil filled in the inner ring and the outer ring can be fetched nearby, and the soil sorted out when utilizing the digging hole gets final product. The crushed gravel filled between the outer ring and the pit wall can also be obtained from nearby materials, and the crushed gravel sorted out on the gravel beach can be used. The steps are simple, the materials are less, and the manpower, material resources and financial resources are greatly saved.

(3) In the present invention, in the soil filled between the inner ring and the outer ring, the quality of the added soil curing agent accounts for 0.4% to 0.6% of the soil mass, which can promote the consolidation between the soil particles, and will not Affects plant growth and the pH of the soil itself.

(4) In the present invention, a soil curing agent is added to the soil filled in the inner ring, and the added soil curing agent accounts for 0.2% to 0.3% of the mass of the soil filled in the inner ring. By mixing the soil stabilizer in the soil of the inner circle, the two-pronged approach with soil-fixing plants further ensures that the soil is not easy to lose. Moreover, the quality of the mixed soil stabilizer will not affect the root growth of soil-fixing plants.

(5) The soil curing agent is preferably an ionic soil curing agent. The brand is Lubang EN-1 soil curing agent. Strong ion exchange promotes the activity of the soil. Lubang EN-1 soil curing agent is non-toxic, pollution-free, and pollution-free , Without destroying the ecological environment, the use of this curing agent achieves the dual effects of safety, stability and environmental friendliness. At the same time, Lubang EN-1 soil stabilizer can improve the soil structure, increase the saturated hydraulic conductivity and organic matter content of the soil, facilitate the absorption of nutrients by plant roots, and promote the photosynthesis of plants.

(6) The soil-fixing plant is any one of Bermudagrass, white clover, alfalfa, bahia grass, and seaside paspalum. The soil-fixing plant germinates quickly, has a high germination rate, requires few nutrients, and has no requirements on the soil. Strict, suitable for the barren soil of the gravel beach in the river bank, good water resistance, strong root system, strong rhizome spreading ability, and outstanding effect of fixing foreign soil.

detailed description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with examples, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention, and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. Those who do not indicate the specific conditions in the examples are carried out according to the conventional conditions or the conditions suggested by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used were not indicated by the manufacturer, and they were all conventional products that could be purchased from the market.

Example

In the dry season, carry out site preparation on the gravel beach along the river bank, and clean up the large gravel on the beach to ensure that the subsequent steps will not be affected.

Dig a hole on the tidy beach, the hole is a cylindrical hole with a diameter of 50cm and a depth of 30cm. The shape of the pit can also be set to other shapes, for example, the cross section of the pit is a square, rectangle, ellipse, parallelogram, and the effect of fixing soil and planting grass that it reaches is the same. In this embodiment, without listing them one by one, only a cylindrical pit is taken as an example. The effect of a circular shape is the best, without edges and corners, which reduces erosion.

After digging the hole, put the inner and outer rings into the hole. The positions of the inner ring and the outer ring are as follows: the outer ring is closer to the pit wall, and the inner ring is farther from the pit wall. The inner ring and the outer ring are circular, the distance between them is 10cm, and the distance between the outer ring and the pit wall is 3cm. The shape of the inner ring and the outer ring is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the pit. If the cross-section of the pit is a square, rectangle, ellipse, or parallelogram, then the inner ring and the outer ring are sequentially selected from the square, rectangle, ellipse, and parallelogram. There are no special requirements for the materials of the inner and outer rings, which can be selected according to the budget.

After placing the inner ring and outer ring, fill the gap between the outer ring and the pit wall with crushed gravel with a particle size of 10-25mm. Because the particle size of the gravel is different, when filling, the crushed gravel with a smaller particle size is placed at the bottom, and the crushed gravel with a larger particle size is placed at the top, so that the accumulation is firm and stable, and it is not easy to be washed away by running water. . There will also be certain gaps in the crushed gravel. In order to further increase the connection strength between the crushed gravels, soil can also be filled between the crushed gravels. The filled soil also provides a certain space for the growth of plant roots, which is convenient for the growth of plant roots. extend.

Put the soil in the inner ring, and compact the soil while putting it in, to ensure that the final soil density is 1.5g/cm ³ . The soil used in this step can be taken from the nearest soil, and the soil collected when digging the pit is utilized. If there are clods with large particle size in the soil, they need to be crushed, and if there are debris such as gravel with large particle size, tree roots, metal blocks, etc., they need to be removed. In order to further ensure that the soil filled in the inner circle is not easy to lose, you can also add Lubang EN-1 soil stabilizer to the soil filled in the inner circle, and the quality of the added soil stabilizer accounts for 0.25% of the mass of the soil filled in the inner circle . Do a two-pronged approach with soil-fixing plants, by mixing a soil stabilizer into the inner circle of soil. Moreover, the quality of the mixed soil stabilizer will not affect the root growth of soil-fixing plants. The specific implementation method is to select an area with more gravel and less soil in the river bank zone, carry out foundation clearing, transport the soil and put it here for later use; measure the optimal moisture content of the soil, and calculate the amount of water that should be added to the soil according to the optimal moisture content. of water quality. Take the corresponding quality of water, add the soil curing agent to fully dissolve it, and ensure that the content of the curing agent in the soil is 0.25%, and then put the mixture of curing agent and water into the watering can and spray it into the soil evenly, in order to ensure uniform spraying , can be sprayed in layers and stirred continuously; after the spraying is over, let the soil mixed with the curing agent into the inner circle and compact it. After filling the inner circle with soil, fill the mixture of Lubang EN-1 soil stabilizer and soil between the inner circle and the outer circle. Compact the soil while putting it in, to ensure that the final soil density is 1.7g/cm ³ . The preparation method of the mixture is the same as the above steps.

In addition, the surface of the soil filled between the inner ring and the outer ring can be covered with 30-50mm thick gravel to further protect the soil and reduce erosion. At this time, pile up crushed gravel between the outer ring and the pit wall to ensure that the height of the crushed gravel filled between the outer ring and the pit wall is also equal to the height of the covered gravel.

Finally, carefully pull out the inner and outer rings, sprinkle bermudagrass seeds in the inner ring soil, cover with soil, water a little, and the whole work is done. The dialed inner and outer rings can be reused.

In addition, the entire pit surface can be covered with a film, and watered again after 8 hours. Sprinkle water once a day and remove the film after 3 days, which can not only ensure the survival rate of bermudagrass, but also make Lubang EN-1 soil stabilizer play the best effect.

Compared with the existing riparian zone vegetation restoration technology, the method of soil fixation and grass planting in the riparian zone gravel beach provided by the patent invention maximizes the use of the least material, the simplest process, and environmentally friendly materials to realize the riparian zone gravel beach vegetation Recovery purposes.

First: restore the vegetation of the gravel beach along the river bank to the greatest extent. In the dry season, the vegetation recovery technology in this patent is carried out on the gravel beach along the river bank. Because Bermudagrass germinates quickly, has a high germination rate, requires less nutrients, and has good water resistance, so it can grow well in a short period of time. And can survive the rainy season without being destroyed.

Second: Realize the effect of soil consolidation on the gravel beach along the river bank. One is that the bermudagrass growing in the inner circle has a strong root system, and the effect of fixing foreign soil is very good. The second is that the soil filled between the inner ring and the outer ring is not protected by soil-fixing plants. By adding soil curing agents to the soil, the interaction between soil particles is increased, the consolidation effect of the soil is enhanced, and the soil is reduced by running water. Chances of flushing away. The third is that the soil mixed with soil curing agent filled between the inner ring and the outer ring also protects the soil filled in the inner ring. Since the soil filled outside the inner ring is mixed with soil curing agent, its compactness is enhanced. A new barrier is formed outside the inner circle to protect the soil filled in the inner circle from being washed away by running water. Fourth, the outer ring and the pit wall are filled with crushed gravel that is hard and not easy to be washed away, so that the pit constitutes an independent system on the beach. The outermost protection system protects the soil in the pit.

Third: Realize the landscape effect of the river bank. In the process of vegetation restoration on the gravel beach along the river bank, the landscape effect of plants can be realized according to the design of the vegetation restoration project path (the vegetation restoration technology is carried out in rows or columns) and the different plant species selected.

Fourth: Reduce the manpower, financial and material resources for vegetation restoration on the gravel beach along the river bank. First of all, the inner and outer rings can be used continuously, and only one set of inner and outer rings is needed in one land preparation process; second, the amount of curing agent added is small, but a better soil-fixing effect can be achieved; finally, the price of curing agent and grass seeds is not high. It is very expensive, and the soil needed for guest soil can be dug nearby. In addition, the Lubang EN-1 ionic soil stabilizer used in this patent has little side effects on the soil environment.

While particular embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described, it should be appreciated that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of this invention.

Claims (11)

1. a kind of solid native grass planting method of Riparian Zone chad beach, it is characterised in that digged pit on Riparian Zone chad beach；Along crater wall It is sequentially placed into outer ring and inner ring；Filling soil in the inner ring, filling soil and soil-solidified-agent between the inner ring and outer ring Mixture, fill crushed-gravel between the outer ring and crater wall；Inner ring and outer ring are extracted, solid soil is planted in inner ring soil and is planted Thing.

2. the solid native grass planting method of Riparian Zone chad beach according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the hole depth is 20 ~30cm, volume are 0.05~0.10m³。

3. the solid native grass planting method of Riparian Zone chad beach according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the inner ring and outer ring Between spacing be 8~10cm, the spacing between the outer ring and crater wall is 2~4cm.

4. the solid native grass planting method of Riparian Zone chad beach according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the inner ring and outer ring Between the quality of soil-solidified-agent account for the 0.4%~0.6% of soil quality.

5. the solid native grass planting method of Riparian Zone chad beach according to claim 1, it is characterised in that filled in the inner ring Soil in also include soil-solidified-agent；The quality of soil-solidified-agent account for the soil quality filled in inner ring 0.2%~ 0.3%.

6. the solid native grass planting method of Riparian Zone chad beach according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that described Soil-solidified-agent is ionic curing agent.

7. the solid native grass planting method of Riparian Zone chad beach according to claim 1, it is characterised in that filled in the inner ring Soil density be 1.3~1.5g/cm³, the density for the mixture filled between the inner ring and outer ring is 1.5~1.7g/cm³。

8. the solid native grass planting method of Riparian Zone chad beach according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the outer ring and crater wall Between the crushed-gravel particle diameter filled be 10~25mm.

9. the solid native grass planting method of Riparian Zone chad beach according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the crushed-gravel gap Between filling soil.

10. the solid native grass planting method of Riparian Zone chad beach according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the solid native plant For any one in Bermuda grass, Trifolium repense, clover, paspalum notatum, seashore paspalum.

11. the solid native grass planting method of Riparian Zone chad beach according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the soil solidification Agent is EN-1 soil-solidified-agents.