CN101551564B - 低成本大画面广视野角高速回应液晶显示装置 - Google Patents
低成本大画面广视野角高速回应液晶显示装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明是以3次的光微影步骤制造超大型广视野角超高速响应液晶显示装置。本发明是于使用半色调曝光技术形成栅极(Gate)电极、共享电极、像素电极及接触焊垫后,使用半色调曝光技术形成a-硅(Si)孤岛与接触孔。并使用普通曝光技术形成源极电极、漏极电极与配向控制电极。钝化层是使用遮蔽沉积(masking deposition)法,而以P-CVD法成膜,或是使用喷墨涂布法或喷涂法,通过在局部区域涂布保护层,可以3次光微影步骤制造超大型广视野角超高速响应液晶显示用TFT矩阵基板。
Description
【技术领域】
本发明关于使用半色调曝光法而制作的大画面广视野角液晶显示装置。
【背景技术】
MVA模式垂直配向方式的液晶显示装置中,其控制液晶分子的配向方向的机构的配向方向控制电极,揭示于日本特开平07-230097、日本特开平11-109393及日本特开2001-042347中。
【发明内容】
(发明所欲解决的问题)
使用先前的配向方向控制电极的液晶面板的构造,是对应于小的像素者,由于配向方向控制电极仅使用1种,且使用像素电极的边缘场效应,因此像素变大时,则无法利用。
成为现在主流的MVA模式垂直配向方式的液晶显示装置,是在CF基板侧使用配向方向控制用的凸块或细缝(slit)电极,采用该方式于像素变大时虽可对应,但是CF基板的成本高,而成为以低价格制作大画面液晶TV的障碍。
本发明的目的,是在TFT主动矩阵型液晶显示装置的制造中,通过减少TFT主动矩阵基板与滤色基板的光微影步骤的次数,来缩短制造步骤,以降低制造成本且提高合格率。
(解决问题的手段)
本发明使用下述手段来解决上述问题。
〔手段1〕避免鉴别线(discriminationline)不稳定及摆动,将2种配向方向控制电极经由绝缘膜,而配置于像素电极的上层,在与像素电极相对的共享电极之间,通过上述2种不同的配向方向控制电极,可精密地控制负的介电常数各向异性液晶分子的歪斜方向。
〔手段2〕将1种配向方向控制电极经由绝缘膜,而配置于像素电极的上层,在像素电极中形成细长的细缝,利用此等2个配向方向控制机构,可精密地控制负的介电常数各向异性液晶分子的歪斜方向。
〔手段3〕将手段1、手段2中使用的配向方向控制电极中,连结于像素电极者,尽量接近于相对基板侧。
〔手段4〕通过使手段1、手段2中使用的配向方向控制机构,在像素的中央附近弯曲90度,可实现理想的4个区域配向。
〔手段5〕通过在TFT矩阵基板的制作方法处理中导入半色调曝光法,而减少光微影步骤的次数。
〔手段6〕将基本单位像素分割成2个子像素(Sub pixel),将共享电极并列配置于影像信号在线,通过在奇数号行与偶数号行的共享电极上,于每个扫描期间切换不同极性的信号,而在施加于2个子像素的液晶分子的有效电压上产生差异。
(发明的效果)
通过使用手段1及手段2,可使薄膜晶体管矩阵基板侧具有全部的配向方向控制功能,因此无需在CF基板侧形成配向方向控制用焊垫或细缝,而可以廉价的CF基板来制造MVA模式液晶面板,并可降低成本及提高合格率。
通过使用手段3,连接于像素电极的配向方向控制电极接近相对基板,可增加作用于垂直配向的负的介电常数各向异性液晶分子的电场的旋转力矩,因此可实现高速响应。
通过使用手段4,可减少不需要的鉴别线的发生,可提高画面全体的光的透过率,且可实现发生不均匀情形少的液晶面板。
通过使用手段1、手段2及手段5,除了CF基板侧的处理成本的外,亦可减少薄膜晶体管矩阵基板的处理成本,可大幅降低MVA模式液晶面板的制造成本。生产效率亦提高,合格率亦大幅提高。
通过使用手段5及手段6,由于可以非常单纯的制作方法制造液晶配向控制机构,可以非常简单的电路实现γ曲线修正,因此以少许成本即可实现MVA模式液晶显示装置的显示质量提高。
【附图说明】
图1是先前的MVA液晶模式面板的剖面图。
图2是先前的MVA液晶模式面板的剖面图。
图3是本发明的MVA液晶模式面板的剖面图。
图4是本发明的MVA液晶模式面板的剖面图。
图5是本发明的MVA液晶模式面板的原理说明图。
图6是本发明的MVA液晶模式面板的原理说明图。
图7是本发明的MVA液晶模式面板的原理说明图。
图8是本发明的MVA液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的完成剖面图。
图9是本发明的MVA液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的完成剖面图。
图10是本发明的MVA液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的完成剖面图。
图11是本发明的MVA液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的完成剖面图。
图12是本发明的MVA液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的完成剖面图。
图13是本发明的MVA液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的完成剖面图。
图14是本发明的MVA液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的完成剖面图。
图15是本发明的MVA液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的完成剖面图。
图16是本发明的MVA液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的完成剖面图。
图17是本发明的MVA液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的完成剖面图。
图18是本发明的MVA液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的完成剖面图。
图19是本发明的MVA液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的完成剖面图。
图20是本发明的MVA液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的完成剖面图。
图21是本发明的MVA液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的完成剖面图。
图22是本发明的MVA液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的完成剖面图。
图23是本发明的MVA液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的完成剖面图。
图24是本发明的MVA液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的平面图。
图25是本发明的MVA液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的平面图。
图26是本发明的MVA液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的平面图。
图27是本发明的MVA液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的平面图。
图28是本发明的MVA液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的平面图。
图29是本发明的MVA液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的平面图。
图30是本发明的MVA液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的平面图。
图31是本发明的MVA液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的平面图。
图32是本发明的场序驱动方式MVA模式液晶面板的TFT矩阵基板的电路模型图。
图33是本发明的图32的MVA模式液晶面板的施加信号电压与亮度的关系图。
图34是本发明的图32的MVA模式液晶面板的驱动波形图。
图35是本发明的将显示画面分割成上下2个的场序驱动方式MVA模式液晶面板的TFT矩阵基板的电路模型图。
图36是本发明的将画面分割成上下,自画面的中央向上下写入数据的场序驱动方式的说明图。
图37是本发明的将画面分割成上下,自画面的上下向中央写入数据的场序驱动方式的说明图。
图38是本发明的将画面分割成上下,自画面的中央向上下写入数据的场序驱动方式的说明图。
图39是本发明的将画面分割成上下,自画面的上下向中央写入数据的场序驱动方式的说明图。
图40是本发明的横电场方式液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的基本单位像素的剖面图。
图41是本发明的横电场方式液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的基本单位像素的剖面图。
图42是本发明的横电场方式液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的基本单位像素的剖面图。
图43是本发明的横电场方式液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的基本单位像素的剖面图。
图44是本发明的横电场方式液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的基本单位像素的剖面图。
图45是本发明的横电场方式液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的基本单位像素的剖面图。
图46是本发明的场序驱动方式横电场模式液晶面板的TFT矩阵基板的电路模型图。
图47是本发明的横电场方式液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的完成剖面图。
图48是本发明的横电场方式液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的完成剖面图。
图49是本发明的横电场方式液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的平面图。
图50是本发明的横电场方式液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的平面图。
图51是本发明的横电场方式液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的平面图。
图52是本发明的横电场方式液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的平面图。
图53是本发明的横电场方式液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的平面图。
图54是本发明的横电场方式液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的平面图。
图55是本发明的图46的横电场方式液晶面板的驱动波形图。
图56是本发明的将显示画面分割成上下2个的场序驱动方式横电场模式液晶面板的TFT矩阵基板的电路模型图。
图57是本发明的MVA模式液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的基本单位像素的剖面图。
图58是本发明的MVA模式液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的基本单位像素的剖面图。
图59是本发明的MVA模式液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的基本单位像素的剖面图。
图60是本发明的MVA模式液晶面板用TFT矩阵基板的基本单位像素的剖面图。
图61是本发明的使用半色调曝光法制作方法而形成附接触焊垫的像素电极用的制作方法流程剖面图。
图62是本发明的使用半色调曝光法制作方法而形成附接触焊垫的像素电极用的制作方法流程剖面图。
图63是本发明的使用半色调曝光法将薄膜晶体管组件的半导体层予以孤岛(island)化及形成接触孔的制作方法流程剖面图。
图64是本发明的形成源极电极、漏极电极、端子电极、梳齿状共享电极的制作方法流程剖面图。
图65是本发明的使用半色调曝光法的薄膜晶体管基板的制造制作方法流程剖面图。
图66是本发明的横电场方式主动矩阵基板的存在于基本单位像素中央的像素中央共享电极的构造说明图。
图67是本发明使用的半色调曝光用遮光罩的原理说明图。
图68是本发明使用的半色调多重曝光法的原理说明图。
图69是在第一个光微影步骤使用本发明的半色调多重曝光法时需要的对准标记。
图70是在玻璃基板的内部以脉冲雷射形成半色调多重曝光法使用的对准标记的原理图。
图71是先前的使用半色调曝光法的薄膜晶体管基板的制造制作方法流程剖面图。
图72是先前的使用半色调曝光法同时形成薄膜晶体管基板的扫描线部、像素电极与端子部的制作方法流程剖面图。
图73是先前的使用半色调曝光法将薄膜晶体管组件的半导体层予以孤岛化及完全露出像素电极与端子部的制作方法流程图。
图74是继续图72、图73,于薄膜晶体管组件制造步骤中形成源极电极与漏极电极的先前的制作方法流程说明图。
图75是先前的在像素电极上形成有与扫描线连结的配向控制电极的TFT矩阵基板的剖面构造图。
图76是图75的TFT矩阵基板的平面图。
图77是先前的在像素电极上仅形成有连接于共享电极的1种配向控制电极的垂直配向模式的胞剖面图。
图78是先前的在相对板式电极上仅形成有连接于像素电极的1种配向控制电极的垂直配向模式的胞剖面图。
图79是在像素电极上仅形成有1种配向控制电极的先前TFT矩阵基板的剖面构造图。
图80是在像素电极上仅形成有1种配向控制电极的先前TFT矩阵基板的剖面构造图。
图81是先前的在像素电极上仅形成有1种配向控制电极的TFT矩阵基板的剖面构造图。
图82是本发明的使用2次半色调曝光法的MVA模式用TFT矩阵基板的3次光微影步骤的制作方法说明图。
图83是本发明的使用2次半色调曝光法的MVA模式用TFT矩阵基板的3次光微影步骤的制作方法说明图。
图84是本发明的使用3次半色调曝光法的IPS模式用TFT矩阵基板的3次光微影步骤的制作方法说明图。
图85是本发明的使用3次半色调曝光法的FFS模式用TFT矩阵基板的3次光微影步骤的制作方法说明图。
【具体实施方式】
图1及图2是目前成为主流之的MVA模式液晶大型TV面板的剖面原理图。在上下基板的两方设有控制垂直配向的负的介电常数各向异性液晶分子的动作方向用的机构。该方式的液晶面板,由于鉴别线确实固定而不致摆动,因此几乎不发生显示不均匀的情形,因而可合格率佳地生产显示质量高的液晶面板。但是图1及图2的构造,必须在与TFT基板相对的CF基板侧形成液晶配向方向控制用细缝或液晶配向方向控制用凸块,CF基板的生产成本比TN模式的CF基板的成本高。为了降低CF基板的成本,只需将全部液晶配向方向控制功能设置于TFT基板侧即可。
在相对CF基板侧不具配向方向控制功能的例,如图75、图76、图77、图78、图79、图80及图81等,已经作为专利而公开,不过此等均无法用作大型基板。此等先前技术仅可利用于像素小的情况。由于利用像素电极的边缘场效应,因此无法适用于液晶TV用的大的像素电极。
本发明通过图3及图4中的2个基本构造,而成功地使TFT基板侧具备全部的液晶配向方向控制功能。图3通过在TFT基板侧,于像素电极与相对基板的共享电极之间,设置2种不同的液晶配向方向控制电极,而成功地形成图5所示的等电位分布。图4通过在TFT基板侧的像素电极上,于配向方向控制用细缝、像素电极与相对基板的共享电极之间配置1种配向方向控制电极,而成功地形成如图6所示的等电位分布。即使是改变图6形态的如图7所示的构造,仍可形成类似的等电位分布。
观察图5、图6及图7可了解,设置于像素电极上层的连结于像素电极的液晶配向方向控制电极,愈接近相对的CF基板的共享电极,在TFT基板的像素电极上层,经由绝缘膜而形成的另一个不同种类的液晶配向方向控制电极,愈与像素电极及形成的等电位分布图类似。此因,未连结于像素电极的液晶配向方向控制电极连接于与相对基板的共享电极相同电位。
液晶胞间隙(Cell Gap)大于5μm时,将本发明采用的液晶配向方向控制电极连结于TFT基板的像素电极的构造,几乎无效果,但是液晶胞间隙为3μm以下时,效果显著,于2.5μm以下时,可形成控制液晶分子的配向方向时充分的等电位分布图。
(实施例1)
图24及图26是本发明实施例1的TFT基板的平面图。在像素电极上层形成有2种不同的配向方向控制电极,而配置于像素中央部的配向方向控制电极连接于与栅极电极并列配置的共享电极。与该配向方向控制不同的另一种配向方向控制电极,通过设置于像素电极内部的接触焊垫,而连接于像素电极。图57及图59是实施例1的像素的剖面。为了尽量接近相对基板的共享电极,而提高连接于像素电极的配向方向控制电极的高度。
图8、图9、图11及图20是第二十四图图24及图26的TFT部分的剖面图。本发明为了在像素电极的上层形成液晶配向方向控制电极,像素电极必须尽量配置于下层。因而,其特征是以最初的光微影步骤形成像素电极。图8使用图82中的3次光微影步骤。本发明为了尽量缩短制作方法,而采用半色调曝光法。其特征为:使用图67及图68所示的曝光法,于显像后产生2种以上正性抗蚀剂(posiresist)的厚度。
图82中的3次光微影步骤的第一次光微影步骤,形成栅极电极、像素电极、共享电极及像素电极内接触焊垫。该第一个步骤存在图61与图62的2个制作方法。形成像素电极时,不论选择哪个步骤均不致发生问题。不过,宜选择步骤短的图61。但是,如图9所示,减少配向方向控制电极的厚度时,在第三次光微影步骤中,使用半色调曝光法时,宜选择图62的步骤。
本发明由于扫描线(栅极电极)中多使用铝合金,因此像素电极中无法使用ITO。此因会产生局部电池反应,而往往发生异常蚀刻或ITO黑化的问题。因而像素电极系使用氮化钛或氮化锆等之的薄膜氮化物是透明电极。
此时为了以干式蚀刻法开设接触孔,氮化物是透明像素电极与闸极栅极绝缘膜之的P-SiNx无法获得大的选择比,因此无法采用先前例的图72、图73及图74的制作方法。为了解决该问题,本发明通过形成铝合金系之接触焊垫,而解决上述的问题。
第二次之的光微影步骤是进行薄膜半导体组件分离与接触孔之的形成。该步骤说明于图63。由于该步骤亦是采用半色调曝光法,因此以1次步骤即可进行2个作业。图11及图26采用与图82所示的半色调曝光步骤不同的另外半色调曝光步骤。其使用记载于图65的半色调曝光法,进行薄膜半导体组件分离及同时形成源极电极与漏极电极。图65的半色调曝光步骤与先前进行的图71所示的半色调曝光步骤非常类似,不过图65的半色调曝光步骤较不易发生问题。图71的先前方法,以氧等离子体法除去正光阻层薄的区域时,薄膜半导体层的侧壁被氧化,而容易发生于除去薄膜晶体管组件的信道部的欧姆接触层(n+a一硅层)时,无法均匀地除去的问题。图65的情况,以氧等离子体法除去正光阻层薄的区域时,由于薄膜半导体层完全被障壁金属层保护,因此几乎不发生侧壁氧化的问题。
图82的第三个光微影步骤,使用通常的曝光法,而形成源极电极、漏极电极及配向方向控制电极。其范例为图8,图9中,第三个光微影步骤亦采用图64中进行的采用半色调曝光法的光微影步骤。干式蚀刻薄膜晶体管的通道部的欧姆接触层后,使用遮罩沉积法局部成膜硅氮化膜钝化层(不在栅极电极端子部、源极电极端子部及共享电极端子部上成膜)。
图8、图9及图20以第三个光微影步骤,可在像素电极的上层,经由绝缘膜而形成两种不同的配向方向控制电极。图11以第四个光微影步骤可形成不同的两种配向方向控制电极。藉此,方可精确地控制图3及图5所示的垂直配向的负的介电常数各向异性液晶分子的歪斜方向。
图8、图9及图20中,钝化膜局部成膜有使用P-CVD法的P-SiNx膜。亦可使用喷墨法或平板印刷法涂布BCB等有机化合物的钝化膜。图11的缺点为:在钝化膜上形成两种不同配向方向控制电极时,容易与相对基板的共享电极形成短路。
(实施例2)
图25及图27是本发明实施例2的TFT基板的平面图。在像素电极上形成有配向方向控制用细缝,在像素电极的上层经由绝缘膜而设有连接于像素电极的液晶配向方向控制用电极。图58及图60是实施例2的像素的剖面图。与实施例1同样地,由于将与像素电极连接的配向方向控制电极靠近相对基板,因此其特征为:在配向控制电极的下层铺设各种电极及半导体层。
实施例1及实施例2均是本发明使TFT基板侧具备全部配向方向控制功能者,因此与先前方式的图1及图2比较,本发明的图3及图4本质上存在配向方向控制电极与同时形成于同层上的影像信号线容易短路的问题,因而尽量消除该问题用的像素构造如图24、图25、图26及图27所示,采用在像素中央部附近弯曲成90度的构造。该构造的影像信号线与配向方向控制电极并列地排列,且保持等间隔的距离,因此可降低短路的发生率。
图10、图12及图21是图25及图27的TFT部分的剖面图。观察基本原理说明图的图5及图6了解,由于实施例2采用配向方向控制用细缝,因此即使可正确决定液晶分子的歪斜方向,但是无法如实施例1增加电场强度,因而在响应速度方面比实施例1差。用于动画显示时,宜采用实施例1来制造液晶面板。但是,观察图24及图26的平面图了解,由于实施例1是在同层上高密度地配置许多金属布线,因而存在容易发生短路的缺点。除了该问题的外,由于实施例1、2施加于像素电极的电压并未100%施加于液晶层,因此,亦存在比先前的图1及图2,必须赋予较高驱动电压的缺点。但是,由于滤色基板可利用与TN模式相同成本的廉价的CF基板,因此可提高成本竞争力。特别是不使用滤色基板的场序驱动方式的液晶面板,先前的图1及图2必须对准上下的基板,而本发明的图3及图4,则无需在相对基板上实施任何加工,因此,只要是形成有透明电极的膜的基板即可,原理上无需进行对准调整。
(实施例3)
图28、图29、图30及图31是本发明实施例3的TFT基板的平面图。图32为此等TFT基板的电路模型图。基本单位像素通过影像信号线而分割成2个的子像素(A)与子像素(B)。子像素(A)与子像素(B)的像素电极的面积比约为1∶2。图34是实施例3的液晶面板的驱动信号波形。即使自相同影像信号线获得数据,由于各个像素电极与不同的共享电极电容结合,因此,通过在不同的共享电极上,如图34所示地改变相位,而施加以水平周期(H周期)而极性反转的信号波形,可使子像素(A)的有效电压比子像素(B)的有效电压大。图33是以该信号波形驱动时之的液晶面板的透过光量特性图。可改变子像素(A)与子像素(B)的液晶临限(Threshold)电压,藉此可修正γ特性。
图83是制作第二十八图图28、图29、图30及图31的TFT基板用的制作方法说明图。实施例1及实施例2如图82所示,是以第一次之的光微影步骤制作共享电极,而实施例3如图32所示,由于无需与影像信号线并列地配置共享电极,因此如图83所示,是以第三个光微影步骤制作共享电极。干式蚀刻薄膜晶体管的通道部的欧姆接触层后,使用遮罩沉积法局部成膜硅氮化膜钝化层(不在栅极电极端子部、源极电极端子部及共享电极端子部上成膜)。
图35是制作超高精密超大型液晶面板时之的TFT基板的电路模型图。图36、图37、图38及图39是关于图35的TFT基板的驱动方法的说明图。图36、图37、图38及图39均是关于场序驱动方式者。由于显示画面分割成上下2个,因此影像信号线亦分割成上下2个,而施加相同极性的影像信号。
共享电极并未分割成上下2个,而是自上至下连接成1个。图36与图38是为了避免发生上下画面之的区块分离现象,影像信号之的写入是自画面中央向上下进行者,而图37与图39是自画面之的上下向中央进行影像信号写入者。为了将显示画面分割成上下2个,水平扫描期间延长为2倍的2H。图36及图37采用将水平扫描期间分割成2个,将不同的影像信号写入不同的2个像素的2工(多任务)方式。图38及图39采用将水平扫描期间分割成3个,将不同的影像信号写入不同的3个像素的3工(多任务)方式。
(实施例4)
图53是本发明实施例4的IPS模式的TFT基板的平面图。图45是其剖面图。图84是制作实施例4的IPS模式的TFT基板时的制作方法说明图。其采用3次的光微影步骤,3次均使用半色调曝光法。干式蚀刻薄膜晶体管的通道部的欧姆接触层后,使用遮罩沉积法局部成膜硅氮化膜钝化层(不在栅极电极端子部、源极电极端子部及共享电极端子部上成膜)。图46是第五十三图图53的TFT基板的电路模型图。在像素的中央部与影像信号并列地排列共享电极。图56是制作超高精密超大型液晶面板时之的TFT基板的电路模型图。图55是第五十六图图56的TFT基板的驱动波形图。在偶数号行与奇数号行的共享电极上施加有极性不同的信号波形,偶数号行与奇数号行的影像信号波形施加彼此不同极性的信号波形,并施加与对应于各个影像信号线的共享电极相反极性的信号。
即使液晶模式不同,共享电极与影像信号线的电路模型图与图35者完全相同。图56的IPS模式的TFT基板亦可采用与实施例3相同的场序驱动方式。图56亦与图35同样地,将显示画面分割成上下2个,因此,影像信号线亦被分割成上下2个,而施加相同极性的影像信号。
共享电极未分割成上下2个,而是自上至下连接成1个。为了避免发生上下画面的区块分离现象,影像信号之的写入是自画面之的中央向上下进行,或是相反地自画面的上下向中央写入影像信号。扫描线的驱动方式亦与实施例3的情况完全相同。
(实施例5)
图54是本发明实施例5的FFS模式的TFT基板的平面图。图44是其像素之的剖面图。图47是薄膜晶体管部分之的剖面图。图85是制作实施例5的FFS模式的TFT基板时的制作方法说明图。其采用3次的光微影步骤,其3次均使用半色调曝光法。干式蚀刻薄膜晶体管的通道部的欧姆接触层后,使用遮罩沉积法局部成膜硅氮化膜钝化层(不在栅极电极端子部、源极电极端子部及共享电极端子部上成膜)。实施例4及实施例5其3次均需使用半色调曝光法,是因如图66所示,于横电场方式面板时,与垂直配向模式的液晶面板不同,需要配向处理步骤(摩擦处理)。为了避免发生配向不良区域,必须尽量减少TFT基板上的凹凸。但是,亦如图53及图54中所示的平面图,排列于画面中央部的共享电极为了降低电阻而必须增加电极的厚度。
IPS模式及FFS模式,由于一定会发生图66中的配向不良区域,因此存在黑位准显示时无法完全表现黑色的缺点。为了尽量减少该配向不良区域,而需要3次半色调曝光法。
图61及图62是使用图85的制作方法说明图的第一次半色调曝光法的步骤说明图,其中可选择任何一个。图63是第二次半色调曝光法的步骤说明图。图64是第三次半色调曝光法的步骤说明图。图65是以4次光微影步骤制作FFS模式的TFT基板时的步骤说明图。半色调曝光法使用2次。
即使是图54的FFS模式的TFT基板,亦可使用与图53的IPS模式的TFT基板相同的驱动方法。图56的TFT基板全体的电路模型图亦可适用于FFS模式的图54。使用图55的驱动法时,亦可轻易地驱动驱动电压高的FFS模式。由于FFS模式可产生强电场,因此液晶分子的响应速度可比IPS模式小。因而可说适合场序驱动方式。特别是由于组合图55与图56的液晶面板可施加大的电压,因此,视为适合高速动作的驱动方法,而与图36、图37、图38及图39的上下画面分割的场序驱动方式最匹配。
Claims (2)
1.一种主动矩阵型垂直配向方式液晶显示装置,其特征为:通过在形成有控制液晶配向方向用的细长细缝的透明像素电极的上层,经由覆盖透明像素电极的绝缘膜,配置液晶配向方向控制电极,无需在相对于薄膜晶体管矩阵基板的基板上设置液晶配向控制用凸块或细缝电极,而仅在薄膜晶体管矩阵基板侧完全控制垂直配向的负的介电常数各向异性液晶分子的歪斜方向;其中在形成有控制液晶配向方向用的细长细缝的透明像素电极的上层,经由覆盖透明像素电极的绝缘膜而配置的液晶配向方向控制电极,连接于与薄膜晶体管矩阵基板的像素电极相同电位。
2.根据权利要求1所述的主动矩阵型垂直配向方式液晶显示装置,其特征在于,在形成有控制液晶配向方向用的细长细缝的透明像素电极的上层,经由覆盖透明像素电极的绝缘膜而配置的液晶配向方向控制电极,连接于与薄膜晶体管矩阵基板的像素电极相同电位,且影像信号线、透明像素电极、控制形成于透明像素电极内部的液晶配向方向用的细长细缝、与上述液晶配向方向控制电极在像素电极的中央部附近,弯曲成90度,而对扫描线分别并列排列于±45度的方向。
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