CN1012727B - 二氧化硅结合的含钙a沸石颗粒 - Google Patents
二氧化硅结合的含钙a沸石颗粒Info
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- CN1012727B CN1012727B CN88103412A CN88103412A CN1012727B CN 1012727 B CN1012727 B CN 1012727B CN 88103412 A CN88103412 A CN 88103412A CN 88103412 A CN88103412 A CN 88103412A CN 1012727 B CN1012727 B CN 1012727B
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- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 30
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 8
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008141 laxative Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001543 purgative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010427 ball clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001723 mesolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002829 nitrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007420 reactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B39/00—Compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites; Their preparation; After-treatment, e.g. ion-exchange or dealumination
- C01B39/02—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof; Direct preparation thereof; Preparation thereof starting from a reaction mixture containing a crystalline zeolite of another type, or from preformed reactants; After-treatment thereof
- C01B39/14—Type A
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Abstract
一种SiO2结合的并基本上无碳酸盐的含钙A沸石颗粒,其中含钙量为0.4至1摩尔CaO/摩尔Al2O3。以及该SiO2结合的钙交换A沸石颗粒的制备方法,其中是在350-700℃,于无CO2气氛中进行。所述SiO2结合的A沸石颗粒可在应用变压吸附以富集氧气中用作吸附剂。
Description
本发明涉及一种应用于由空气中富集氧气的含钙A沸石,它是一种含有SiO2作为其结合剂,及在钙交换阳离子中不含有碳酸盐结构的沸石。
在应用低温分离空气以生产氧气的小规模生产中,所需的能源增长很快。在生产较小量的氧气中,应用空气吸附分离方法是有利的。一般其所获得的氧气的纯度比较用低温分离法所得的氧气纯度为低。所述吸附方法在常温下操作,所需要的设备常可移置,而其优点还在于所需启动时间较短,处理亦较简便(如请参见G.Reiss,Chem.Ind.,xxxv/一九八三年十一月)。
在采用吸附分离法将空气分离成富氧相和富氮相的过程中,利用了吸附剂对于氮气的亲合力比对氧气为高的特性。N2/O2的吸附等温线表示,例如具有孔径为5
的钙A沸石可吸附较多的氮,而吸附较少的氧。但是,其对于氮、氧的吸附性的差别还不够大,因而还不可能使空气中的氮和氧的分离达到令人满意的程度。
当应用一种特别的吸附方法,即已知的变压吸附方法(PCA),可以提高空气吸附分离过程的效率。变压吸附方法经常应用于下列情况,如当从粗制产品气中脱除出的组分的含量较高(如高于1%,容积计)时;或是所脱除的组分不能被吸附剂适当地吸附的情况。这样一来为了能使热能再生,就需较大的吸附设备和大量的再生气。一般来说,进行吸附分离时,其压力较其随后的被吸附组分的解吸过程时的压力为高。
在大多数情况下,可藉助部分的产品气(如由燃烧气中回收氮气,或者气体的干燥)清洗吸附剂来进行解吸。
与其他的PCA过程比较,将空气之中的氧气富集的方法具有特殊性,这是由于除了氮气外,空气中的氧气和氩气也可吸附于所用的分子筛沸石。因而不可能只吸附氮气,而将空气原料中的氧气完全回收。由于氩气和氧气一样吸附性较弱,将空气富集时,可获得纯度为95%的氧气,剩余的5%氩和氮气。
氧气的变压吸附方法可分为以下三个步骤:
-吸附过程同时回收未吸附的氧气相;
-被吸附相的解吸,这时氮,二氧化碳和空气中的水分在比吸附时较低的压力下解吸,可用清洗气或不用清洗气;
-吸附剂通气(filling),使其压力升至吸附压力,气体分离实际上可在此通气过程中进行。
上述各步骤皆在常温下绝热操作。在较高压力下进行吸附,而在无清洗气下进行减压解吸。用产生的氧气来进行通气。
接先有技术,制氧化PCA装置有下列四个主要特点:
1.吸附器数量
以外表来看,可通过吸附器数量来区别各装置。而其中有些吸附器与贮气器相连接。一般来说,吸附器越多,所需的能量消耗越少。
2.压力范围和循环时间
压力变化范围的主要差别,如以下所示:
-在常压下吸附,
在50-250毫巴减压下解吸;
-在2-4巴(绝对压力)加压下吸附,
在常压下解吸;
-在2-4巴(绝对压力)下吸附,
在50-500毫巴减压下解吸。
对于常压装置来说,循环时间为每个吸附器0.5至1.5分钟,而对加压系统,循环时间为1至3分钟。
3.各分步骤
提高富集氧的PCA方法的效能的关键是解吸之后的通气步骤。很重要的一点是,在吸附步骤之前,
在吸附出口端所吸附的氮气应尽可能少,这是由于该预先吸附的氮气可大大地降低所产生的氧气的质量,而氧气质量则受通气步骤或用产品氧气清洗步骤的影响。通气步骤可区分如下:
-仅用产品气通气(逆流);
-用产品气(逆流)和用空气(逆流,分开或同时)通气;
-用空气(顺流,但仅当吸附出口端已事先用产品氧气清洗过之情况)通气。
4.预先干燥
空气经预先干燥是有利的,这是由于吸附器中CO2/H2O前锋流的推进对N2/O2的分离有害。
预纯化和N2/O2的分离可在同一吸附器内进行,在空气进口处设置一层适宜的沸石或其它的干燥剂。
如上所述,采用PCA方法分离N2/O2可应用沸石分子筛作吸附剂。而沸石本身的性质可从不同方面影响氧气PCA设备的规模及其所需能量。对此需要满足的二个条件是,一方面是对氮气的高吸附性和对氧气的低吸附性,另外是吸附和解吸过程中良好的扩散性。
为取得对氮气的高吸附性,PCA装置中通常应用经钙交换的A沸石。而尤其重要的是A沸石中CaO/摩尔Al2O3的交换程度的大小。在沸石中的交换程度可由0至1.0摩尔CaO/摩尔Al2O3不等。沸石中的对氮气的吸附可因CaO交换程度的升高而增多。通常交换程度为0.4至1.0摩尔CaO/摩尔Al2O3。
工业上所用的沸石是颗粒状的。各种不同的生产颗粒的方法是已知的。钙交换的A沸石可与各种基于粘土材料的结合剂混合,该粘土材料可以是例如活性白土、膨润土、海泡石、高岭土、球土、耐火土等,其用量为10-30%(重量),最好是15-25%(重量)。加入必需的液体后,生成的混合物可在如下列的适合的制粒机中经加工而制得成型物,所述制粒机可是例如滚式制粒机,挤压机,混合制粒机,环轮碾机,压制机等,此外也可用盘式制粒机或筒式制粒机。
此外,其它各种结合剂如Al2O3,SiO2或其类似物也可采用。
最好按照DE-OS3401 485中所述的方法,来进行制造含SiO2结合剂的颗粒物的制粒过程。按这种方法可制得具大孔隙的SiO2结合的颗粒,并它可优选用作PCA方法的颗粒。
除了CaO交换程度外,可影响取得富集氧气良好结果的相当重要的影响因素还有:活化过程类型,沸石材料的结晶性以及晶体内吸附部位的可接近性能等。
本发明是有关一种SiO2结合的而基本上无碳酸盐的含钙A沸石颗粒,其中含钙量约为0.4至1摩尔CaO/摩尔Al2O3。
CaO的含量最好是大于0.5摩尔CaO/摩尔Al2O3。
可令人意外地发现到,当一种钙交换的A沸石在无CO2气氛中活化之后,将其应用于PCA方法时则具有很高的富集氧气的能力。为了比较按本发明方法的材料,在下列表1中,列明各种应用于富集氧气的各种A沸石分子筛颗粒的每公斤分子筛所得出的氧气的产率。
按本发明的颗粒的优越性表现在下列事实,即与用粘土材料结合的沸石颗粒相比较,本发明的沸石颗粒按每公斤分子筛计,其氧气产率高15%。
按本发明的A沸石颗粒的制备方法如下:
按照DE-OS3401 458所述方法,应用SiO2作为结合剂在盘式制粒剂上将A沸石粉末进行粒化。然后将颗粒进行钙交换,干燥,并且活化。活化是在高于350℃温度(最好是400至700℃)下,于无CO2气氛中进行。
然后将按本发明的颗粒应用于PCA氧气富集方法,详见下述实例2的叙述。
表1 对钙交换的A沸石分子筛颗粒的测试(交换程度为0.75CaO/Al2O3)
例号 结合剂,含量 活化 氧气相对
15%(重量) 气氛 产率
1 SiO2含CO2气 100%
2 SiO2不含CO2气 115%
3 膨润土 含CO2气 85%
4 膨润土 不含CO2气 100%
附图1所示为应用分子筛沸石以生产富氧空气的标准方法的流程图(AIChE Symp.134,Vol 69,1973,第7页)。
在附图1中,在吸附器(A、B、C)最底部设有阀或闸门(11A、11B、11C)作为原料气的进口,并设有阀门(12A、12B、12C)作为被解吸气体的出口。在吸附床下层由保护层构成,如硅胶,用于对进料空气进行预干燥。在保护层上面设置了用来将气流分离的吸附剂的中心区。在吸附器的上端,设有阀门(14A,
14B,14C),用于排放解吸的被处理的气体。通过另外的阀门(13A、13B、13C)对吸附器重新通气,使其达吸附压力。该通气过程可通过阀门15来控制,从而可使压力恒定地升高或使通气流量恒定。用于进料气的鼓风机(G)可补偿吸附过程中的压力损失。吸附压力约为1巴(绝对压力)。
在下列非限制性的实施例中,将说明按本发明的颗粒的制备方法,及其在采用PCA方法而由空气中富集氧气的应用。
实施例1
颗粒的制备
在一强力搅拌器中,通过加入15升30%二氧化硅溶胶(其用BFT法所测得之比表面积值约为300米2/克),将30公斤钠A沸石(其含水量即灼烧减少量为10%重量份)加工成粒径约为0.1至0.8毫米的颗粒。然后将粗制的颗粒送入盘式制粒机。
研细的A中沸石粉末连续地加入旋盘,并同时由圆盘另一端将30%硅溶胶喷撒至搅动着的颗粒上。另外通过一喷嘴将水玻璃流加至硅溶胶中,使溶胶与水玻璃比例达到10∶1。可制得粒径为2至3毫米的颗粒。湿颗粒在80℃下干燥,筛分后再经钙交换处理,然后在一竖炉中加热至400℃,同时通入空气。该颗粒材料之富集氧气产率约100%(见实施2)。
经傅里叶一红外(FT-IR)测定可知该种颗粒材料还含有碳酸盐结构。
在测试富集氧气性能的过程中,吸附时为常压,而解吸时为减压。
为了说明按本发明颗粒材料的优点,在下列实例中将引述如DE-OS 3413895中所述富集氧气的方法。为此将按先有技术的颗粒和按本发明的颗粒相比较。
实例2
应用实例1之颗粒进行氧气富集
采用附图1所示的PCA装置,吸附层总高度为2500毫米。首先在各吸附器中进入900公斤硅溶胶,然后加入5500公斤分子筛5A沸石(粒度为2至5毫米),并使用旋转真空泵。富氧气流由吸附器A、B、C排出,并且经压缩机(R)压缩至1.1至1.5巴(绝对压力)。
采用三个吸附器可使富集过程连续进行,而且连续地由压缩机(R)排放气流。所采用的各步骤时间按排如下所述。
步骤1 0至70秒钟
常温下(25℃)的空气经鼓风机(G),管道L12和阀11A在恒压(约1巴,绝对压力)下输入吸附器A。富氧气产品气流通过压缩机(R),并经阀14A和管道L13排出。这时阀门12A和13A关阀。同时一部分流经管道L13的富氧气流经过气体容积控制阀15,管道L14和阀13B后进入吸附器B中,而阀14B、11B和12B关闭。结果可使吸附器B经过富氧气的再通气而达吸附压力,而吸附器B在该步骤之前已经过解吸,即已被排空。为了避免吸附器A中压力降低,如在由于管道L13的过速吸气(通气流),需要将阀15调控,从而使通过管道L14,阀13B而进入吸附器B的产品气流量得以保持恒定(以千米3/小时表示)。
当吸附器A进行吸附步骤和吸附器B进行通气过程中时,吸附器C通过真空泵(V)排空,并经由阀12C和管道L11,此时吸附器之阀11C,13C和14C关闭。经过70秒钟的解吸时间或泵气时间后,置于阀12C和吸附器C之间的汞压力计显示最终压力为70毫巴。
步骤2 70至140秒钟
吸附器A通过真空泵(V)排空,并经由阀12A和管道L11,使其最终压力为70毫巴,这时阀11A、13A和14A关闭。经过鼓风机(G),管道12和阀11B,将空气输入吸附器B。而产品气通过压缩机(R),并经由阀14B和管道L13由吸附器B排出,这时阀12B和13B关闭。吸附器C进行通气使其压力由70毫巴升至约1巴之吸附压力(绝对压力),富氧气流由管道L13经过气体容积控制阀15,管道L14和阀13C而进入吸附器C。这时吸附器C之阀11C、12C和14C关闭。
步骤3 140至210秒钟
吸附器A压力经通入富氧气由其最低解吸压力(70毫巴)升至吸附压力(1巴,绝对压力),而富氧气是由管道L13,经阀15,管道L14和阀13A通入。这时阀11A、12A和14A关闭。
吸附器B通过真空泵(V),并经管道L11和阀12B排空,压力由吸附压力降至最后压力为70毫巴。这时阀11B、13B和14B关闭。
吸附器C产生富氧气。即将常温空气经鼓风机(G),管道L12和阀11C输入吸附器C。产品气通过压缩机(R),经由阀14C和管道L13而排出。这时阀12C和13关闭。
经过210秒循环时间后重复进行操作,即吸附器
A进行吸附,吸附器B进行通气而吸附器C则排空。
操作开始后0.5至1小时,由压缩机(R)可获得氧气浓度恒定的产品气。
如表1所示,在本测定中可获得O2含量为93%的富氧气,而与此相对照应用各种沸石颗粒时则为100%。
实例3
应用按本发明之颗粒材料
按照实例1方法制备SiO2结合的颗粒,但煅烧时是在400℃的竖炉中,通入无CO2气流下进行操作的。经傅里叶一红外测试表示该颗粒材料仅含有(若存在的话)极微量的碳酸盐结构。与实例1所述之颗粒比较,按本发明之颗粒之氧气富集率可高15%。而所述氧气富集方法按实例2所述进行。
实例4
对比例,粘土结合的颗粒
在空气流中,将粘土结合的颗粒进行活化。并按实例2所述方法进行氧气富集。与实例1所述颗粒相比,此颗粒材料之氧气富集率低15%。
实例5
对比例,粘土结合的颗粒
粘土结合的颗粒在无CO2气流中进行活化。按实例2所述方法进行氧气富集。与所示的颗粒比较,氧气富集率低15%。
应提出的是本说明书是作为说明性的而非限制性的。在本发明的限定范围内,可对其进行各种修正。
Claims (5)
1、一种SiO2结合的而基本上不含碳酸盐的含钙A沸石颗粒,其中含钙量为0.4至1摩尔CaO/摩尔Al2O3。
2、按权利要求1的二氧化硅结合的沸石,其中含钙量大于0.5摩尔CaO/摩尔Al2O3。
3、按权利要求1的二氧化硅结合的A沸石颗粒的制备方法,其中包括在350至700℃温度下,在无CO2气氛中将二氧化硅结合的,经钙交换的A沸石进行活化。
4、按权利要求3的方法,其中温度为400至700℃。
5、在应用变压吸附方法富集回收氧的过程中,其中之改进包括应用了一种按权利要求1的二氧化硅结合的A沸石颗粒作为吸附剂。
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DE19873718673 DE3718673A1 (de) | 1987-06-04 | 1987-06-04 | Zeolith a-granulat fuer sauerstoffanreicherung |
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CN (1) | CN1012727B (zh) |
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DE3842930A1 (de) * | 1988-12-21 | 1990-06-28 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur adsorptiven sauerstoffanreicherung von luft mit mischungen aus ca-zeolith a molekularsieben mittels vakuum-swing-adsorption |
US5069794A (en) * | 1990-06-05 | 1991-12-03 | Mobil Oil Corp. | Separation of mixture components over membrane composed of a pure molecular sieve |
DE4106547A1 (de) * | 1991-03-01 | 1992-09-03 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur sauerstoffanreicherung |
US5258060A (en) * | 1992-09-23 | 1993-11-02 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Adsorptive separation using diluted adsorptive phase |
US5354360A (en) * | 1993-01-11 | 1994-10-11 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Magnesium A-zeolite for nitrogen adsorption |
JP2525342B2 (ja) * | 1993-06-26 | 1996-08-21 | 花王株式会社 | 合成無機ビルダ―及び洗浄剤組成物 |
US5529610A (en) * | 1993-09-07 | 1996-06-25 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Multiple zeolite adsorbent layers in oxygen separation |
DE19518407A1 (de) * | 1995-05-19 | 1996-11-21 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur adsorptiven Sauerstoffanreicherung von Luft mit Mischungen aus Molekularsieb-Zeolithen |
DE19528188C1 (de) * | 1995-08-01 | 1996-12-05 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Adsorption von Stickstoff aus Gasgemischen mittels Druckwechseladsorption mit Zeolithen |
DE19647290A1 (de) * | 1996-11-15 | 1998-05-28 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mit Lithium-Ionen ausgetauschten, bindemittelfreien Zeolithgranulats und dessen Verwendung zur adsorptiven Lufttrennung |
US6143057A (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2000-11-07 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Adsorbents and adsorptive separation process |
JP2004505759A (ja) * | 2000-08-04 | 2004-02-26 | ラーン、ギュンター | 建物または閉空間内における空気の品質を改善するための方法と装置。 |
JP4025228B2 (ja) * | 2003-03-28 | 2007-12-19 | カウンスィル オブ サイエンティフィック アンド インダストリアル リサーチ | 空気のサイズ/形態的選択分離用モレキュラーシーブ吸着剤の調製法 |
CN1533833B (zh) * | 2003-03-31 | 2011-11-16 | 科学与工业研究委员会 | 靠大小/形状选择性分离空气的分子筛吸附剂的制备方法 |
WO2005051533A1 (en) * | 2003-11-24 | 2005-06-09 | Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research | Preparation of molecular sieve used for the dehydration of the alcohol |
US7407906B2 (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2008-08-05 | Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research | Process for the preparation of a molecular sieve adsorbent for the adsorptive dehydration of alcohols |
US9656241B2 (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2017-05-23 | China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation | 5A molecular sieve adsorbent and method for preparation of the same |
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CA626882A (en) * | 1961-09-05 | Texaco Development Corporation | Process for production of type a zeolite | |
CA635899A (en) * | 1962-02-06 | M. Gladrow Elroy | Preparation of selective adsorbents | |
US2882243A (en) * | 1953-12-24 | 1959-04-14 | Union Carbide Corp | Molecular sieve adsorbents |
US3055841A (en) * | 1956-06-29 | 1962-09-25 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Process for preparing attrition resistant adsorbents |
US2908549A (en) * | 1957-10-22 | 1959-10-13 | Texaco Inc | Preparation of selective sorbents |
DE1161869B (de) * | 1960-07-27 | 1964-01-30 | Darex G M B H | Verfahren zur Herstellung von gebundenen Adsorptionsmitteln, insbesondere Molekularsieben |
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US3394989A (en) * | 1963-10-29 | 1968-07-30 | Union Carbide Corp | Zeolite "a" bodies and their preparation |
DE1203238B (de) * | 1964-01-04 | 1965-10-21 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Molekularsiebformlingen |
FR1449662A (fr) * | 1965-04-27 | 1966-05-06 | Pechiney Saint Gobain | Agglomérats de zéolites synthétiques |
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DE3413895A1 (de) * | 1984-04-13 | 1985-10-17 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Druckwechselverfahren zur adsorptiven trennung von gasgemischen |
DE3424144A1 (de) * | 1984-06-30 | 1986-01-09 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Verfahren zur erhoehung der bruchfestigkeit von granalien |
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KR890000149A (ko) | 1989-03-11 |
EP0293717B1 (de) | 1992-03-11 |
FI882606A (fi) | 1988-12-05 |
CN1030197A (zh) | 1989-01-11 |
DE3868980D1 (de) | 1992-04-16 |
KR960008944B1 (en) | 1996-07-10 |
US4950312A (en) | 1990-08-21 |
AU1665488A (en) | 1988-12-08 |
FI95665C (fi) | 1996-03-11 |
ATE73359T1 (de) | 1992-03-15 |
ES2038240T3 (es) | 1993-07-16 |
FI95665B (fi) | 1995-11-30 |
DE3718673A1 (de) | 1988-12-15 |
PH25763A (en) | 1991-10-18 |
FI882606A0 (fi) | 1988-06-02 |
JPH0582327B2 (zh) | 1993-11-18 |
ZA883940B (en) | 1989-02-22 |
EP0293717A3 (en) | 1989-03-15 |
EP0293717A2 (de) | 1988-12-07 |
MX171445B (es) | 1993-10-27 |
BR8802707A (pt) | 1988-12-27 |
JPS63315511A (ja) | 1988-12-23 |
AU596895B2 (en) | 1990-05-17 |
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