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CN100490162C - 固体摄像装置及其制造方法 - Google Patents

固体摄像装置及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN100490162C
CN100490162C CNB031326870A CN03132687A CN100490162C CN 100490162 C CN100490162 C CN 100490162C CN B031326870 A CNB031326870 A CN B031326870A CN 03132687 A CN03132687 A CN 03132687A CN 100490162 C CN100490162 C CN 100490162C
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CN1542982A (zh
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南尾匡纪
山内浩一
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Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种固体摄像装置及其制造方法,该固体摄像装置包括:平板状基板(1)、固定在基板上的摄像元件(2)、在基板上设置成包围摄像元件的肋(3)、固定在肋上面的透光板(4)、用于从由基板、肋、以及透光板形成的封装的内部向外部电导出的多个布线(6)、设置在封装的空间内连接摄像元件的电极和各布线的金属细线(7)。布线包括:在摄像元件的安装面上形成的内部电极(6a)、在其背面的与内部电极对应的位置形成的外部电极(6b)、在基板的端面上形成,来连接内部电极和外部电极的端面电极(6c)。基板的端面、肋的侧面以及透明板的端面实质上形成同一平面。具有外部端子的基台结构简单,且可容易实现小型化。

Description

固体摄像装置及其制造方法
技术区域
本发明涉及将CCD等摄像元件安装在基台上构成的固体摄像装置及其制造方法。
背景技术
固体摄像装置广泛用于摄影机(video camera)和照相机(stil1camera),以将CCD等摄像元件安装在由绝缘性材料构成的基台上、并用透光板覆盖受光区域的封装的形式提供。为使装置的小型化,摄像元件以裸片(bare_chip)安装在基台上。作为这样的固体摄像装置的现有例子,参照附图7说明特开平5-267629号公报中记载的固体摄像装置。
在图7中,21为基台,在其上面形成有凹部,在凹部中央固定有摄像元件片22。基台21上设置有引脚24,其引线侧焊点25和摄像元件片22的焊接头23通过由金属构成的焊接线26连接。此外,在基台的周边部的上面设置肋28,在肋28的上部固定透明的密封玻璃板27,来形成用于保护摄像元件片22的封装。
这样的固体摄像装置,如图所示,将密封玻璃板27侧配置在上方的状态下安装在电路基板上,引脚24用于与电路基板上的电极连接。虽然图中未示出,但在密封玻璃板27的上部安装了组装摄像光学系统的镜筒,该镜筒与摄像元件片22上形成的受光区域之间的相互位置关系上具有一定的精度。在进行摄像动作时,来自被摄对象的光通过置于镜筒内的摄像光学系统聚光于受光区域上,进行光电转换。
上述现有例的固体摄像装置,由于将引脚24配置在基台21的侧面,因此制造工序繁杂、封装的小型化困难。
另外,由于引脚24的存在,由基台21的端面、肋28的侧面以及密封玻璃板27的端面形成的封装的侧面不平坦。如果封装的侧面平坦,则在安装内置有光学系统的镜筒时,通过利用封装的侧面,可以容易进行高精度定位。即,可以通过封装侧面和镜筒内面的对接来进行水平方向定位,并通过线路基板面和镜筒的下面的对接来进行垂直方向定位。但是,如果封装的侧面不平坦,则通过上述定位方法,很难得到高精度。
发明内容
考虑到以上问题,本发明的目的是提供一种具有外部端子的基台结构简单、可易于小型化的固体摄像装置。另外,本发明的目的还在于提供一种固体摄像装置,其封装的侧面平坦,且利用封装的侧面以稳定的精度进行镜筒的定位的。进而,本发明的目的还在于提供一种可批量生产这种固体摄像装置的制造方法。
本发明的固体摄像装置包括:平板状基板;安装在所述基板上的摄像元件;设置在所述基板上、用以包围所述摄像元件的肋;固定在所述肋的上面的透光板;用于使封装内部与封装外部电连接的布线,该封装由所述基板、所述肋以及所述透光板形成;以及金属细线,用于连接所述摄像元件的电极和所述各布线。
为了解决上述课题,所述布线包括:形成在所述基板之表面上的内部电极;形成在所述基板之背面的外部电极;以及端面电极,该端面电极在所述肋之下设置在沿着所述基板的侧面贯通形成的凹部上,并连接所述内部电极和所述外部电极;与所述封装相对应的所述基板的侧面、所述肋的外侧面以及所述透明板的侧面实质上形成同一平面。
本发明的固体摄像装置的制造方法是制造所述结构的固体摄像装置的方法,其特征在于包括以下工序:
即,首先,对应于用于构成多个固体摄像装置的所述多组布线,在由绝缘性树脂形成的平板状基体材料的上下面上,分别形成上面导电层和下面导电层,并且形成贯通所述基体材料来连接所述上面层和所述下面层的贯通导电层。其次,将用于在所述基体材料上形成所述肋的肋形成构件,在用于分别形成所述各固体摄像装置的各区域边界上,设置成在所述贯通导电层的上方位置横断所述上面导电层。其次,将所述摄像元件固定在由所述肋形成构件包围的各区域内,利用所述金属细线,将所述摄像元件的电极和所述各上面导电层进行连接,之后,将所述透明板固定在所述肋形成构件的上端面上。接着,将所述基体材料、所述肋形成构件以及所述透明板,在与所述基体材料垂直的方向上,且在平面形状下将所述各肋形成构件的宽度2分的方向上一次切断,将所述各固体摄像装置分离成各单片。
附图说明
图1为示出本发明实施方式1中固体摄像装置结构的截面图。
图2为图1中固体摄像装置的侧面图。
图3为图2的底面图。
图4A~F为示出本发明实施方式2的固体摄像装置的制造方法的截面图。
图5为该制造方法中肋形成构件的平面图。
图6为本发明实施方式3中固体摄像装置的截面图、
图7为现有例的固体摄像装置的截面图。
具体实施方式
本发明的固体摄像装置如上所述,采用在由基板、肋及透光板形成的封装内,在基板上固定摄像元件的结构。此外,其特征在于,用于从封装内部向外部进行电导出的多个布线包括:在摄像元件的安装面上形成的内部电极、在与其背面的内部电极对应的位置形成的外部电极、在基板端面上形成而连接内部电极和外部电极的端面电极,并且,对应于封装的各侧面的基板端面、肋侧面以及透明板端面实质上形成在同一平面上。
根据该结构,基板用简单的布线板形成,并可通过镀层容易形成从基板的上面经过端面到下面的范围内的布线。因此,基台结构简单,且易于实现封装的小型化。另外,由于封装侧面平坦,因此,在安装内置有光学系统的镜筒时,通过对接封装侧面与镜筒内面来进行镜筒定位,可确保高的位置精度。
在上述结构中,基板的端面、肋的侧面以及透明板的端面,最好是通过一次切断形成的平面。肋的内侧面最好有从基板面向透光板展开的方向的倾斜。由此,可使在肋内侧面发生的入射光的反射不会对摄像功能带来实质性的不良影响。在这种情况下,肋的内侧面作成为平面,其倾斜角度设成相对于与基板面垂直的方向成2~12°的范围内。或者,在肋的内侧面形成毛面或者绉纹也可以。此外,也可以构成为肋的内侧面为平面,且肋的内侧面和外侧面垂直于基板面。
另外,端面电极配置在基板面上形成的凹部,端点电极的表面与基板的端面实际上形成同一平面,或者构成为比基板的端面更加凹陷。外部电极的表面也可以构成为实质上与基板背面形成同一平面。或者,外部电极的表面构成为比基板背面的其他部分凹陷。
在基板的背面上形成绝缘膜,所述绝缘膜和所述外部电极可构成为配置成没有相互重叠的部分。或者,配置成外部电极的周边部不与绝缘膜相互重叠也可以。
在本发明的固体摄像装置的制造方法中,对应于所述结构的多个固体摄像装置形成多组布线,因此,在平板状基体材料上形成上面导电层、下面导电层及将所述两个导电层相连的贯通导电层。其次,在贯通导电层的上方位置,将肋形成构件设置成可横断上面导电层,安装摄像元件,并固定透明板之后,将基体材料、肋形成构件以及透明板一次切断,将各固体摄像装置分离成单片。根据该制造方法,肋成为肋形成构件的一半宽度,有利于实现小型化。另外,通过将基体材料、肋形成构件以及透明板一次切断,由基板端面、肋侧面以及透明板端面形成的平面实质上形成同一平面,可以得到良好的平坦度。
在上述制造方法中,将肋形成构件形成为格子状。另外,最好在基体材料上通过树脂成形来形成肋形成构件。树脂成形可使用金属模来进行。这些对于高效率地制造多个摄像元件是有效的。进而,在通过树脂成形形成肋形成构件时,在该树脂成形用金属膜和基体材料之间,最好设置用于抑制发生树脂溢料(フラツシユバリ)的薄板。
以下,参照附图具体说明本发明的实施方式。
(实施方式1)
图1为实施方式1中固体摄像装置的截面图、图2为侧面图、图3为表示图2的底面图。
基板1为平面状,由通常用于布线板的绝缘性树脂例如由玻璃环氧树脂形成。在基板1上固定摄像元件2,在基板1上设置有具有矩形框平面形状的肋3,以包围该摄像元件2。肋3例如由环氧树脂形成,在基板1上通过树脂成形例如以0.3~1.0毫米的厚度形成。在肋3的上表上,利用粘合剂5固定透光板4。由基板1、肋3以及透光板4,形成内部有空间的封装,从其内部到外部形成有用于进行电导出的多个布线6。在封装的空间内,设置有连接摄像元件2的焊接头电极2a和各布线6的金属细线7。封装整体厚度作成2.0mm或2.0mm以下。
布线6由在摄像元件2的安装面上形成的内部电极6a、其背面上形成的外部电极6b、基板1的端面上形成的端面电极6c构成。外部电极6b配置在与内部电极6a对应的位置上。端面电极6c连接内部电极6a和外部电极6b。内部电极6a、外部电极6b以及端面电极6c中的任一个,都可通过例如镀层形成。如图3所示,端面电极6c配置在基板1的端面上形成的凹部1a上。端面电极6c的表面或者与基板1的端面实质上形成同一平面,或者比基板1的端面更加凹陷。
基板1的两面中,在内部电极6a和外部电极6b的周边区域,形成有绝缘膜8a、8b(图3中未示出8b)。外部电极6b的表面,如图所示,或者比绝缘膜8b的表面更凹陷,或者与绝缘膜8b的表面实质上形成同一平面。绝缘膜8b和外部电极6b可以配置成没有相互重叠的部分,或者配置成使外部电极6b的周边部与绝缘膜8b也相互重叠。
对应于封装各侧面的基板1的端面、肋3的侧面以及透明板4的端面,实质上位于同一平面内,形成平坦的封装侧面。该封装侧面,可通过例如在制造工序中,将基板1的端面、肋3的侧面以及透明板4的端面一次切断,来形成平坦度良好的平面。
根据以上结构,使用简单的布线板形成基板1,可通过镀层容易形成从基板1的上面经端面到下面的范围内的布线6。因此,可容易实现封装的小型化。另外,外部端子配置在封装的背面上,而且在封装的端面上有电极,因此通过焊接的电路基板的电连接强度高。
此外,封装的侧面平坦,因此,在安装内置有光学系统的镜筒时,通过将封装侧面与镜筒内面的对接进行镜筒定位,可确保高的位置精度。为了以良好的精度进行镜筒的定位,封装侧面相对于基板1的面的倾斜度最好控制在±1°或±1°以内。
(实施方式2)
实施方式2是制造实施方式1中所示结构的固体摄像装置的方法,参照图1~4对其进行说明。
首先,如图4A所示,准备由绝缘性树脂构成的平板状基体材料10。基体材料10,在其局部区域形成用于形成布线6(参照图1)的布线形成构件11,在其剩余区域的上下面上形成有绝缘膜12。布线形成构件11包括在基体材料10的上下面上各自形成的上面导电层11a以及下面导电层11b。上面导电层11a和下面导电层11b,在其上下方向上配置在相互对应的位置上,通过贯通基体材料10而形成的贯通导电层11相连接。这些导电层通过任何通常使用的方法形成都可以。例如,可在基体材料10上形成贯通孔,通过镀层形成贯通导电层11c,之后配合贯通导电层11c的位置,通过镀层形成上表面导电层11a以及下表面导电层11b。
基体材料10,具有可同时形成多个固体摄像装置的大小(图4所示的仅仅是局部)。布线形成构件11,对应于多个固体摄像装置形成多组。
接着,如图4B所示,在基体材料10上的用于形成各固体摄像装置的各区域边界上,设置用于形成肋3(参照图1)的肋形成构件13。肋形成构件13配置成在贯通导电层11c的上方位置可横断上表面导电层11a。因此,肋形成构件13对应于相邻的各固体摄像装置共同设置,在后述的工序中,被分割成分别归属于各固体摄像装置。
图5示出在基体材料10上格子状地形成多个举行区域的肋形成构件13的一例。肋形成构件13,可通过任一种方法形成,例如可通过使用金属模的树脂成形方法,直接在基体材料10的表面上形成。在通过树脂成形形成肋形成构件13时,可在树脂成形用金属模和基体材料10之间例如设置聚酰亚胺材质的薄板,以抑制发生树脂溢料。
其次如图4C所示,将所述摄像元件14固定在由肋形成构件13包围的各区域内,用金属细线15将摄像元件14的焊接头电极14a和各上面导电层11a相连接。进而,在肋形成构件13的上面涂敷粘着剂16。接着,如图4D所示,在肋形成构件13的上端面上安装透明板,并用粘着剂16固定。
接着如图4E所示,用切割刀片(dicing blade)18切断基体材料10、肋形成构件13以及透明板17,如图4F所示,分离为形成各固体摄像装置的单片。切断如图4E所示进行,即,在与基体材料10的垂直的方向上,且在平面状态下将各肋形成构件13的宽度2分的方向上进行切断。其结果,肋形成构件13、上面导电层11a、下表面导电层11b、以及贯通导电层11c被2分,形成各个固体摄像装置中的肋3、内部电极6a、外部电极6b、以及端面电极6c。
根据该制造方法,肋3成为肋形成构件13的一半宽度,有利于实现小型化。另外,通过将基体材料10、肋形成构件13以及透明板17一次切断,由基板1的端面、肋3的侧面以及透明板4的端面形成的平面实质上形成同一平面,可得到良好的平坦度。
(实施方式3)
图6为本发明的实施方式3中固体摄像装置的截面图。该固体摄像装置的结构,除了肋3a的内侧面的形状以外,其它与实施方式1相同。
本实施方式的特征是,将肋3a的内侧面形成为具有从基板面向透光板方向展开的方向倾斜。由此,可使在肋内侧面发生的入射光的反射不对摄像功能带来实质性的不良影响。此时,肋3a的内侧面作成平面,其与基板面垂直方向的倾斜角度设成在2~12°的范围内。为减少在肋3a的内侧面发生的反射的影响,在肋3a的内侧面上形成毛面或者绉纹也可以。

Claims (17)

1.一种固体摄像装置,包括:
平板状基板;
安装在所述基板上的摄像元件;
设置在所述基板上并用以包围所述摄像元件的肋;
固定在所述肋的上面的透光板;
用于使封装内部与封装外部电连接的布线,该封装由所述基板、所述肋以及所述透光板形成;以及
金属细线,用于连接所述摄像元件的电极和各所述布线;
其中,
所述布线包括:形成在所述基板之表面上的内部电极;形成在所述基板之背面的外部电极;以及端面电极,该端面电极在所述肋之下设置在沿着所述基板的侧面贯通形成的凹部上,并连接所述内部电极和所述外部电极;
与所述封装的各个侧面相对应的所述基板的侧面、所述肋的外侧面以及所述透光板的侧面形成同一平面。
2.如权利要求1所述的固体摄像装置,其特征在于,所述基板的侧面、所述肋的外侧面以及所述透光板的侧面是在通过一次切断形成的平面中。
3.如权利要求1所述的固体摄像装置,其特征在于,所述肋的内侧面以从所述基板面向所述透光板展开的方式倾斜。
4.如权利要求3所述的固体摄像装置,其特征在于,所述肋的内侧面为平面,所述倾斜角度在与垂直于所述基板面的方向成2~12°的范围内。
5.如权利要求1所述的固体摄像装置,其特征在于,在所述肋的内侧面上形成有毛面或者皱纹。
6.如权利要求1所述的固体摄像装置,其特征在于,所述肋的内侧面为平面,且所述肋的外侧面和内侧面垂直于所述基板面。
7.如权利要求1所述的固体摄像装置,其特征在于,所述端面电极的表面或者与所述基板的端面形成同一平面,或者比所述基板的端面凹陷。
8.如权利要求1所述的固体摄像装置,其特征在于,所述外部电极
的表面与所述基板的背面形成同一平面。
9.如权利要求1所述的固体摄像装置,其特征在于,所述外部电极的表面,比所述基板的背面的其他部分凹陷。
10.如权利要求1所述的固体摄像装置,其特征在于,该外部电极设置在所述基板的背面上对应于该内部电极的位置。
11.如权利要求9所述的固体摄像装置,其特征在于,在所述基板的背面上形成绝缘膜,所述绝缘膜和所述外部电极配置成没有相互重叠部分。
12.如权利要求9所述的固体摄像装置,其特征在于,在所述基板的背面上形成绝缘膜,所述外部电极的周边部配置成与所述绝缘膜相互重叠。
13.一种固体摄像装置的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
在平板状基体材料的上面和下面上,分别形成上面导电层和下面导电层,并且形成贯通导电层,该贯通导电层在贯通所述基体材料而形成的贯通孔上配置,并连接所述上面导电层和所述下面导电层;
在用于固定固体摄像元件的各区域的边界上设置肋形成构件,以便在所述基体材料上形成所述肋,该肋形成构件设置在所述贯通导电层的上方位置;
将所述摄像元件固定在由所述肋形成构件包围的各区域内,利用金属细线,将所述摄像元件的电极和各所述上面导电层连接;
将所述透光板固定在所述肋形成构件的上端面上;
将所述贯通导电层、所述基体材料、所述肋形成构件以及所述透光板,在与所述基体材料之表面垂直的方向上,且在将各所述肋形成构件的平面形状的宽度分为两半的方向上一次切断,从而分离成各所述固体摄像装置。
14.如权利要求13所述的固体摄像装置的制造方法,其特征在于,将所述肋形成构件形成为格子状。
15.如权利要求13或14所述的固体摄像装置的制造方法,其特征在于,在所述基体材料上通过树脂成形来形成所述肋形成构件。
16.如权利要求15所述的固体摄像装置的制造方法,其特征在于,用金属模实施树脂成形。
17.如权利要求16所述的固体摄像装置的制造方法,其特征在于,在通过树脂成形来形成所述肋形成构件时,在该树脂成形用金属模和所述基体材料之间设置抑制树脂溢料的发生的薄板。
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CN1542982A (zh) 2004-11-03
TWI253750B (en) 2006-04-21
TW200406912A (en) 2004-05-01
US20040212717A1 (en) 2004-10-28
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US7273765B2 (en) 2007-09-25
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