Abhishek Mittal

In this paper, the design of 1-dimensional (1-D) finite impulse response (FIR) notch filters is achieved constraint to fractional order derivatives. In order to actualize the ideal frequency response, fractional derivative constraints are imposed such that there is no deviation in fractional derivative of designed frequency response at prescribed frequency points. The divergence in designed frequency response and ideal frequency response is curtailed using conventional least square design method along with Lagrange multiplier to attain closed loop filter coefficients. The design of 1-D notch filter and 1-D multi-notch filter is greatly refined subjected to fractional derivative constraints. Finally, the accuracy of proposed method is demonstrated by two design examples.

Introduction: The temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJDs) consist of varieties of pathologies affecting the temporomandibular joint, the masticatory muscles, and associated structures. The majority of these patient’s who have TMJ pain and dysfunction visits to the dental practice. Electrophysical modalities such as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), ultrasound massage therapy, microwave, laser, and manual therapy techniques are used to relieve pain and restore normal mouth opening. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to evaluate and compare the efficacy of TENS and ultrasound massage therapies in TMJDs and concerning the effectiveness of physical therapy interventions. Study Design: The study comprised 40 patients received with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) will be included in the study with the mean age of 18–50 years. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 patients with TMDs, according to research diagnostic criteria (RDC) for TMD/RDC, participated in the st...

A pavement is designed using an appropriate design that considers material properties, climatic conditions, and expected traffic during design life. For pavement structural design, the input variables as generally considered as deterministic. However, in reality the nature of practically all of the input design factors is stochastic. This uncertainty in prediction and natural variations of important input design parameters result in variable pavement performance. The consequences of not considering these uncertainties in the pavement design process are quite serious and one of the main reasons for poor performance of pavements. Therefore, it is necessary to incorporate such variability and determine the reliability of the pavement design process. However, the process for estimation of reliability for asphalt pavements is not as simple as it appears and there are several issues with it. This paper discusses about the concepts and issues of reliability application in the realm of pave...

Snapshot algorithms compute on the fly global states of underlying distributed computations for diagnosis and maintenance purposes. By a partial snapshot algorithm we understand a snapshot algorithm which only collects checkpoints (local states) of some, rather than of all processes. We propose an algorithm which computes a partial snapshot covering the direct and indirect causal dependencies (the Z-dependencies) of the initiating process without affecting the remaining, causally independent part of the underlying computation. This makes the algorithm suitable for large-scale and conceptually unbounded distributed systems. We show that it is undecidable whether this task can be accomplished not exceeding a given number of checkpoints. To control termination, two variants of the algorithm are proposed which bound the depth of Z-dependencies to be taken into account. We prove the correctness of the algorithm and its variants by establishing (1) progressive consistency which allows one...

This is a short communication where we present a theoretical model of a swarm of wireless robots that can be used for cellular-level diagnosis and treatment of a variety of life threatening diseases such as cancer. Based on this model, we illustrate a distributed position and orientation tracking algorithm that constructs digitized images from a set of pixels transmitted by the robots of the swarm model that are in motion. Simulation results are also presented.

Potholes have always been a problem for highway maintenance organizations because their repair is costly, time-consuming and does not last long. Potholes always compromise road safety. For this reason agencies must repair potholes as soon as they become aware of them. Patching is the common method used to repair potholes. It is well known that the major cost of patching lies in preparing and placing the patch, rather than the cost of the patching materials. Therefore it is desirable that the process of patching should be simple and use good quality cold mix materials to make patches long-lasting. For this reason, the repair of heavily trafficked roads and highway pavements can be done effectively and efficiently using the ready-to-use patching mixes. The present paper describes the laboratory testing done on one such ready-mix. The laboratory testing indicates that the various properties of the ready-mix, such as stability, bond strength, moisture susceptibility and retained stabili...

The purpose of this article to understand the marketing mix of the smartphone from consumers’ point of view, i.e. consumers’ expectations from a smartphone. This article would help the producers understand the needs and wants of the customers regarding smartphones. The smartphone industry has lot of potential in it and we will witness more technological boom in the near future. And just coming up with a brilliant design will not serve the purpose but solving a particular problem would be more beneficial. So to solve this problem the producers need to understand what a customer wants from his/her smartphone now, i.e. more specifications, a better design, a mid-range device, etc. The articles centralize on the fact about creating awareness among the producers about the utility of the customers regarding smartphones, so that the producers could make changes which could satisfy the demand and expectations of the customers regarding smartphones. The article will give you a preview of the competitors and their activity in the market at present. This article would be a great help to the smartphone companies to understand their customers and their needs in a better way. Keywords: marketing mix, smartphone market, potential in the market, competition

Piezoelectric materials have found application in wide range of devices from accelerometers to energy harvesters. They have proven their potential and versatility in aerospace, automotive, electronics and biomedical industry. Piezoelectric ceramics are not suitable for energy harvesting applications due to its brittleness and low strain levels, although having a high piezoelectric charge constant (d33). The polymer based piezoelectric composites offers high flexibility with low dielectric constant, hence having potential application in energy harvesting systems. Currently quasi-structured and fiber based piezoelectric composites offer the highest piezoelectric properties having the required flexibility for energy harvesting application. The polling processes of these composites though, are not so efficient due to the dielectric mismatch between the ceramic filer and surrounding polymer matrix. This leads to low piezoelectric charge constant than theoretically possible. To avoid this...

Traditionally, fatigue and rutting have been the two most commonly adopted modes of failure for asphalt pavements. The design life of the pavement is considered to last till the fatigue cracking of bituminous surface or rutting in the pavement reaches its terminal value, whichever happens earlier. For both of these individual failure modes, the number of repetitions till failure is empirically correlated with certain mechanistic parameters of the pavement section, which is known as M-E transfer function. Traditionally, fatigue and rutting transfer functions are related to initial critical strain parameters. Horizontal tensile strain at the bottom of the bituminous layer and vertical compressive strain on the top of the subgrade are considered as critical parameters to limit fatigue and rutting of the pavement section. Such transfer functions are calibrated based on the field data and therefore possess uncertainty due to various factors such as material characteristics, loading conditions and climatic factors. So, this model uncertainty needs to be accounted for in the reliability analysis of pavements. The present study addresses this issue by applying model factors to the fatigue and rutting equations and examines the effect of uncertainty in the model factor on the reliability of the pavement design. This has been illustrated through examples of pavements designed as per Indian pavement design guidelines using IRC:37-2012.

Background Preoperative SARS-CoV-2 vaccination could support safer elective surgery. Vaccine numbers are limited so this study aimed to inform their prioritization by modelling. Methods The primary outcome was the number needed to vaccinate (NNV) to prevent one COVID-19-related death in 1 year. NNVs were based on postoperative SARS-CoV-2 rates and mortality in an international cohort study (surgical patients), and community SARS-CoV-2 incidence and case fatality data (general population). NNV estimates were stratified by age (18–49, 50–69, 70 or more years) and type of surgery. Best- and worst-case scenarios were used to describe uncertainty. Results NNVs were more favourable in surgical patients than the general population. The most favourable NNVs were in patients aged 70 years or more needing cancer surgery (351; best case 196, worst case 816) or non-cancer surgery (733; best case 407, worst case 1664). Both exceeded the NNV in the general population (1840; best case 1196, worst ...

ABSTRACT Access control technologies are being used today in various organizations for assuring the secure and authorized access to the sensitive data or resources. Many technologies have emerged from the past like Discretionary Access Control (DAC) and Mandatory Access Control (MAC). But these technologies had restrictions associated with them to be used for all organizations in commercial arena. The Role Based Access Control (RBAC) has emerged some years back and has become the most widely used technology across organizations for controlling the access. The administration and management of privileges becomes easy as roles can be updated without updating the privileges for every user on an individual basis. In this paper we are implementing Role Based access Control (RBAC) for University domain using Ontology. Roles are implemented in the form of classes having permissions associated with them, in turn making the process of administration and management of access control easy. Two step accesses are provided, first is Authentication and second is Authorization.