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- MSc. Climate-Smart Agriculture MSc. Agricultural Economics BSc. Agroforestry Cert. Monitoring and Evaluation Cert... moreMSc. Climate-Smart Agriculture
MSc. Agricultural Economics
BSc. Agroforestry
Cert. Monitoring and Evaluation
Cert. Project Planning and Management
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Background The profound impacts of climate change on the environment, economy, and society are anticipated to significantly influence smallholder farmers, whose livelihoods and traditional ways of life are inextricably intertwined with... more
Background
The profound impacts of climate change on the environment, economy, and society are anticipated to significantly influence smallholder farmers, whose livelihoods and traditional ways of life are inextricably intertwined with the natural environment. This comprehensive study delves into the multifaceted factors shaping the adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices and their subsequent effects on crop productivity among the small-scale farming communities in Nyimba District, situated within Zambia.
Methods
The study collected data from 194 smallholder farmer households across 12 villages in 4 agricultural camps of Nyimba District between June and July 2022. A logistic regression model was utilized to assess the factors influencing crop production and the adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices in response to climate change and variability within the study area. Furthermore, propensity score matching was performed to evaluate the impacts of adopting climate-smart
agriculture by comparing adopter households with their non- adopter counterparts.
Results
The logit regression model’s findings from the research indicate that several factors influence smallholder farmer households’ adoption of climate-smart agricultural techniques and crop productivity. These factors include the farmer’s educational level, household size, fertilizer utilization, the household head’s age and gender, farming experience
duration, livestock ownership status, annual household income, farmland size, the household head’s marital status, and access to climate-related information. Additionally, the propensity score matching analysis revealed that crop yields among smallholder farmers who adopted climate-smart agricultural practices were 20.20% higher compared to non-adopters. Furthermore, the analysis showed that implementing such practices in the study area led to a 21.50% increase in maize yields for adopter households relative to their non-adopter counterparts.
Conclusion
The findings of this research offer valuable insights to policymakers, guiding them in enhancing farmers’ climate change adaptation strategies and formulating relevant policies. Nevertheless, these initiatives and concerted efforts possess the potential to mitigate the detrimental impacts posed by climate change and climatic variability.
The profound impacts of climate change on the environment, economy, and society are anticipated to significantly influence smallholder farmers, whose livelihoods and traditional ways of life are inextricably intertwined with the natural environment. This comprehensive study delves into the multifaceted factors shaping the adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices and their subsequent effects on crop productivity among the small-scale farming communities in Nyimba District, situated within Zambia.
Methods
The study collected data from 194 smallholder farmer households across 12 villages in 4 agricultural camps of Nyimba District between June and July 2022. A logistic regression model was utilized to assess the factors influencing crop production and the adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices in response to climate change and variability within the study area. Furthermore, propensity score matching was performed to evaluate the impacts of adopting climate-smart
agriculture by comparing adopter households with their non- adopter counterparts.
Results
The logit regression model’s findings from the research indicate that several factors influence smallholder farmer households’ adoption of climate-smart agricultural techniques and crop productivity. These factors include the farmer’s educational level, household size, fertilizer utilization, the household head’s age and gender, farming experience
duration, livestock ownership status, annual household income, farmland size, the household head’s marital status, and access to climate-related information. Additionally, the propensity score matching analysis revealed that crop yields among smallholder farmers who adopted climate-smart agricultural practices were 20.20% higher compared to non-adopters. Furthermore, the analysis showed that implementing such practices in the study area led to a 21.50% increase in maize yields for adopter households relative to their non-adopter counterparts.
Conclusion
The findings of this research offer valuable insights to policymakers, guiding them in enhancing farmers’ climate change adaptation strategies and formulating relevant policies. Nevertheless, these initiatives and concerted efforts possess the potential to mitigate the detrimental impacts posed by climate change and climatic variability.
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Regional integration holds significant potential for Africa, a vast continent with over 1.2 billion people. This study investigates the complex relationship between regional integration and food security in developing Sub-Saharan African... more
Regional integration holds significant potential for Africa, a vast continent with over 1.2 billion people. This study investigates the complex relationship between regional integration and food security in developing Sub-Saharan African countries. Key agreements include the Economic Commission for Africa, which supports initiatives such as the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), the Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS), and the Southern African Development Community (SADC). Despite the potential of regional integration to address food security
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The productivity and sustainability of agricultural systems are heavily influenced by soil fertility and physicochemical properties. This study investigated the effects of climate-smart soil and water conservation (SWC) practices and... more
The productivity and sustainability of agricultural systems are heavily influenced by soil fertility and physicochemical properties. This study investigated the effects of climate-smart soil and water conservation (SWC) practices and slope gradient on selected soil physicochemical properties and soil organic carbon stock (SOCS) in the Kulkullessa Sub-Watershed of Goro Gutu District, Eastern Ethiopia. The research focused on farmland conserved by stone bunds (SB), bench terraces (BT), and grass strips (GS) five years postimplementation, across two slope gradients (15-20% and 21-30%). Twenty-four composite soil samples were collected from a depth of 0-20 cm and analyzed at the Haramaya University soil laboratory. Results demonstrated that climate-smart SWC practices significantly improved soil physicochemical properties and SOCS in the study area. Slope gradients also induced considerable variations in these parameters. Conserved farmland and areas with lower slope gradients exhibited higher clay content and lower sand fractions. Bench terraces were associated with lower bulk density (BD) and significantly higher total porosity (p ≤ 0.05). Conserved farmlands showed higher electrical conductivity (EC) and lower pH values, both statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05). Stone bunds were most effective in increasing soil organic matter (SOM) content and total nitrogen (TN). Climate-smart SWC practices also enhanced exchangeable bases in the farmlands. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) was significantly improved (p ≤ 0.05) on farmland conserved by SB and BT. In conclusion, climate-smart SWC practices demonstrated substantial potential for improving agriculturally and environmentally relevant soil physicochemical properties and organic carbon stocks. These findings underscore the importance of such conservation measures in enhancing soil quality and promoting sustainable agriculture in the region.
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Objective: This article discusses the evidentiary requirements for demonstrating scientific negligence under Ghana's Civil Procedure Rules 2004 (C.I. 47) in the context of emerging artificial intelligence (AI) diagnostic and treatment... more
Objective: This article discusses the evidentiary requirements for demonstrating scientific negligence under Ghana's Civil Procedure Rules 2004 (C.I. 47) in the context of emerging artificial intelligence (AI) diagnostic and treatment structures. Method: Legal analysis examines gaps in satisfying burden of proof and standards of evidence, obstacles that restrict evidence collection on AI device deficiencies, and suggestions for adapting legal responsibility policies to AI's technical opacity. Findings: The present inability to interrogate algorithms, limited access to proprietary training data and methods, lack of diagnosed standards of care for software-based decision-makers, and shortage of qualified professional witnesses pose massive evidentiary challenges for plaintiffs seeking to confirm AI negligence. Conclusions/Recommendations: Standards strengthening algorithmic transparency, auditability, and explainability could ease evidentiary burdens for affected patients. Strict liability schemes and IP protections balancing public safety and innovation aims need to be considered moving forward. Scientific Contributions: This work adapts traditional medical liability systems to today's realities of increasing reliance on AI in health care and proposes several improvements.
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Climate change due to natural causes and anthropogenic causes edible insects have become more and more popular as alternative food sources. Poses a potential to seriously contribute to food security and poverty alleviation in many... more
Climate change due to natural causes and anthropogenic causes edible insects have become more and more popular as alternative food sources. Poses a potential to seriously contribute to food security and poverty alleviation in many developing nations. The study compared the nutritional value of two different methods of preserving edible caterpillars in Chitambo district. The proximate composition and minerals of the caterpillars were determined using standard methods. Data was analysed by an analysis tool Statistical Package for Social Sciences. The moisture content of the caterpillar samples ranged from 8.08% to 13.44% respectively. The study found significant variations in crude fat Chipumi (G. maja) boiled and pressed with a content of 26.62% per 20g and the Mumpa (G. zambesina) roasted and un-pressed with a content of 12.71 % per 20g. For crude fat was recorded higher in treatment with pressed caterpillars and G. maja retain more crude fat than G. zambesina. The species Mumpa (G. zambesina) recorded the highest crude protein content of 30.38% of other treatments included in this study. The highest amount of energy of 26833.43j/g was recorded in Chipumi (G. maja). The mineral content of Mumpa (G. zambesina) was appreciably higher than Chipumi (G. maja). However, the preservation methods had little effect on crude protein and the boiled and pressed caterpillars tend to retain more proteins. The treatment with roasted caterpillars had higher mineral and energy content than the treatment with boiled caterpillars, except for sodium which was higher in boiled treatments due to the addition of the seasoning sodium chloride (salt). The findings suggest that preservation methods affected the nutritional composition of edible caterpillars.
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Many developing countries, especially those in sub-Saharan Africa, have focused on improving agricultural production at the farm level. Governments have implemented agricultural policies and acts to support various initiatives aimed at... more
Many developing countries, especially those in sub-Saharan Africa, have focused on improving agricultural production at the farm level. Governments have implemented agricultural policies and acts to support various initiatives aimed at generating secure and affordable food for low-and middle-income populations. However, these policies can sometimes lead to more homogeneous Review Article resilience. Additionally, integrating trees fosters the preservation of cultural and traditional knowledge, while promoting biodiversity conservation and ecosystem restoration, ultimately creating a more sustainable and resilient agricultural system. Moreover, integrating trees into farming landscapes can help address Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 1 and 2-' No Poverty' and 'Zero Hunger'-by increasing crop yields. This study recommends enhanced awareness campaigns for incorporating trees into agricultural landscapes.
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Climate change has a significant impact on both physical and social components of the environment. Every component of the environment has been suffering the impacts of climate change. All components of the environment are interrelated... more
Climate change has a significant impact on both physical and social components of the environment. Every component of the environment has been suffering the impacts of climate change. All components of the environment are interrelated through the exchanging of energy and matter; hence they actively interact. Major components of the environment like the biosphere,
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line) • Біологічні Студії / Studia Biologica • 2023 • Том 17 / № 4 • С. 85-102 porosity, power of hydrogen (pH), cation exchange capacity, available phosphorus, total nitrogen, exchangeable bases sodium, calcium, and potassium.... more
line) • Біологічні Студії / Studia Biologica • 2023 • Том 17 / № 4 • С. 85-102 porosity, power of hydrogen (pH), cation exchange capacity, available phosphorus, total nitrogen, exchangeable bases sodium, calcium, and potassium. Exchangeable base magnesium was recorded as insignificant across the considered practices off-course with minimal mean variations with conventional agriculture cropland. Conclusion. The study shows that implementing climate-smart agriculture practices has the potential to improve crop productivity per hectare through reclaiming and amending depleted soil physicochemical properties in a mid and long run. This also indicates the importance of climate-smart agricultural practices implementation among smallholder farmers' cropping fields.
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The healthcare sector is witnessing significant development in many aspects thanks to the effects of artificial intelligence or software, which has turned out to be the centre of attraction all over the world. This is evidence of a simple... more
The healthcare sector is witnessing significant development in many aspects thanks to the effects of artificial intelligence or software, which has turned out to be the centre of attraction all over the world. This is evidence of a simple development in acquiring deep knowledge of the methods and areas in which they are used. Face detection, voice recognition, autonomous use, the defence industry, the security industry, and other fields may be displayed as examples that help complete tasks. This article surveys the impact of deep learning methods and practices in the medical device industry, and we also examine the distribution of multi-year data. It is divided into six categories: healthcare, big data and wearable technologies, biomedical code, image processing, diagnostics, and the Internet of Medical Things. As a result, the medical device industry has grown in recent years through deep learning techniques and the use of most research related to diagnosis and image processing.
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Soil degradation in sub-Saharan Africa is a serious problem that causes declines in agricultural productivity linked to hunger and poverty. The study was conducted in the Kulkullessa sub-watershed of Goro Gutu District in Eastern Ethiopia... more
Soil degradation in sub-Saharan Africa is a serious problem that causes declines in agricultural productivity linked to hunger and poverty. The study was conducted in the Kulkullessa sub-watershed of Goro Gutu District in Eastern Ethiopia to assess the effects of climate-smart soil and water conservation (SWC) practices and slope gradient on selected physicochemical properties of the soil and the soil's organic carbon stocks. The farmland conserved by stone bund (SB), bench terrace (BT), and gras strip (GS) five years after construction with two slope gradients (15-20%) and (21-30%) was selected. Twenty-four composite soil samples were collected from a depth of 20 cm and tested in the Haramaya University soil laboratory. The study found that climate-smart SWC practices were very effective on the soil physicochemical properties and soil organic carbon stock (SOCS) of the study area. Similarly, the slope gradient brought considerable variation in soil physicochemical properties and soil organic carbon stock. On farmland that a bench terrace had preserved, the bulk density (BD) value was lower. The recorded value for total porosity on the farmland conserved by BT was also positively higher and significant (p ≤ 0.05). Likewise, the higher mean values for micronutrients and SOCS were recorded on farmlands conserved by SB, BT, and GS in contrast to the values recorded on nonconserved farmland (NCF) in the study area. Based on the study findings, climate-smart soil water and conservation practices have outstanding potential for improving soil physicochemical properties essential for agricultural crop production, climate change adaptation, and strengthening smallholder farmers' resilience.
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Invasive alien species pose a serious threat to the world’s ecosystems and livelihoods. This review aimed to investigate the negative and positive impacts of Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC on ecosystems in Kenya and Ethiopia. The... more
Invasive alien species pose a serious threat to the world’s ecosystems and livelihoods. This review aimed
to investigate the negative and positive impacts of Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC on ecosystems in Kenya and
Ethiopia. The bibliographic analysis highlighted that Prosopis juliflora was introduced to Kenya and Ethiopia
to tackle desertification, ensure the self-sufficiency of wood products, and conserve water and soil in semi-arid
areas. Years later, this species has turned invasive; although the communities in infested areas have realized
some benefits from this tree such as obtaining timber, charcoal, firewood, shelter, and livestock feed from its
pods; the negative impacts of this tree have far outweighed the positives. Notably, this invasive plant has
significantly impacted agricultural and livestock productivity by invading pasturelands and farmlands. For
instance, the negative health implications for livestock significantly reduce their productivity. Similarly, this
plant has reduced the diversity of the native trees, herbaceous, and grasses because of its ability to outcompete
them. Control methods such as biological, mechanical, chemical, and control by utilization have been tried but
none have so far been effective in controlling this invasive plant. Our results showed that Prosopis juliflora is a serious invader that has a huge potential to invade the arid and semi-arid lands of Kenya and Ethiopia.
Therefore, stakeholders at all levels need to implement integrated management strategies to reduce the spread
and the negative impacts of this species.
to investigate the negative and positive impacts of Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC on ecosystems in Kenya and
Ethiopia. The bibliographic analysis highlighted that Prosopis juliflora was introduced to Kenya and Ethiopia
to tackle desertification, ensure the self-sufficiency of wood products, and conserve water and soil in semi-arid
areas. Years later, this species has turned invasive; although the communities in infested areas have realized
some benefits from this tree such as obtaining timber, charcoal, firewood, shelter, and livestock feed from its
pods; the negative impacts of this tree have far outweighed the positives. Notably, this invasive plant has
significantly impacted agricultural and livestock productivity by invading pasturelands and farmlands. For
instance, the negative health implications for livestock significantly reduce their productivity. Similarly, this
plant has reduced the diversity of the native trees, herbaceous, and grasses because of its ability to outcompete
them. Control methods such as biological, mechanical, chemical, and control by utilization have been tried but
none have so far been effective in controlling this invasive plant. Our results showed that Prosopis juliflora is a serious invader that has a huge potential to invade the arid and semi-arid lands of Kenya and Ethiopia.
Therefore, stakeholders at all levels need to implement integrated management strategies to reduce the spread
and the negative impacts of this species.
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The study investigates the impact of climate change on the development of plant diseases and the emergence of novel plant diseases, the conditions for disease development, mitigation strategies, and adaptation strategies for pest control.... more
The study investigates the impact of climate change on the development of plant diseases and the emergence of novel plant diseases, the conditions for disease development, mitigation strategies, and adaptation strategies for pest control. Climate change and variability may have indirect effects on animal diseases that are more significant than direct consequences. However, there has been little focus on the impact of climate change on agriculture, particularly concerning insect pests; because rising temperatures hasten insect life cycles, migration, and nutrition. It is concluded that it is necessary to construct and reinforce barriers that stop the arrival of exotic infections, develop tools for quick diagnosis of novel diseases, and train technical personnel to use these techniques once they are in place.
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Indigenous knowledge Systems (IKS) is widely applied in agronomy to enhance crop productivity and boost smallholder farmers' food and income security globally. The study aimed at the documentation of the IKS options used in climate smart... more
Indigenous knowledge Systems (IKS) is widely applied in agronomy to enhance crop productivity and boost smallholder farmers' food and income security globally. The study aimed at the documentation of the IKS options used in climate smart agriculture by smallholder farmers in meteorological drought vulnerable sub counties in Isingiro District, South Western Uganda. Focus group discussions of 18 men and 18 women aged between 30-70 years old and six key informants' interviews were conducted in six selected Sub Counties of Isingiro District, South Western Uganda. Data was tested and validated by 12 agricultural experts. Results show that practices that were ranked rational (4) in cropping systems include: Site selection to match particular crops; Selection of climate resilient seed and early maturing varieties, water retention ditches, Mulching, application of organic fertilizers, selection of tolerant banana varieties for the area, early planting to avoid harsh environmental conditions, crop rotation, planting maize in lines, intercropping and diversification of agriculture. Those practices ranked high as being rational in the prediction of drought include: increased flowering of Bidens gratii sharff sp (ehoongwa), increased population of butterflies, quick and sudden movement of dark clouds, much coldness in the morning, much dew formation in the morning and scanty rains (muyaaya). IKS practices ranked high and rational 1786 APPLICATION OF INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS IN CLIMATE SMART AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES BY SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN ISINGIRO DISTRICT, SOUTH WESTERN UGANDA (4) in predicting rainfall include: high temperature and the appearance of dark clouds in the atmosphere. Indigenous knowledge Systems are valuable in weather forecasting and climate change adaptation and mitigation. IKS are precursor for scientific knowledge and can guide science to do further investigation and expand on the knowledge database.
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This study assesses the sustainability of Uganda's carbon markets in the context of climate-smart agricultural practices with the aim of aligning them with sustainable development goals. The research emphasizes integrating dimensions of... more
This study assesses the sustainability of Uganda's carbon markets in the context of climate-smart agricultural practices with the aim of aligning them with sustainable development goals. The research emphasizes integrating dimensions of sustainable development to proactively address food security and climate issues. Climate-smart agricultural practices that support the efficiency of small-scale farming enable farmers to generate income through the sale of carbon-related environmental services such as reduced greenhouse gas emissions and carbon sequestration. While these practices contribute to the resilience of smallholder farmers' livelihoods, challenges arise from large project volumes with low transaction costs, resulting in insufficient carbon revenues for local communities. Furthermore, limited methods and complex procedures hinder progress. The study recommends involving national or international organizations to bridge the gap between
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The environmental, economic, and social effects of climate change are expected to be profound for smallholder farmers, especially in developing countries like Zambia, whose way of life is largely dependent on the natural world. Many... more
The environmental, economic, and social effects of climate change are expected to be profound for smallholder farmers, especially in developing countries like Zambia, whose way of life is largely dependent on the natural world. Many developing countries have realized that climate-smart agricultural practices such as agroforestry are a solution to existing problems caused by climate change. Agroforestry technologies incorporate tree crops in farming systems that benefit farmers with fodder for animals and fruits, reduce erosion, and reclaim soil fertility. This study investigated the impacts of agroforestry adoption on smallholder farmers’ crop productivity and household expenditure in Nyimba district, Zambia. The study further explored the factors influencing the adoption of agroforestry among smallholder farmers in the study area. Data was collected from July to August of 2022 from 325 randomly selected smallholder farmers’ households in four villages in the Nyimba district of Zamb...
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The basic idea of climate-smart agriculture is that location-specific climate-smart technologies should be made available, and this is where agricultural extension and rural advisory services come into play. The creation of... more
The basic idea of climate-smart agriculture is that location-specific climate-smart technologies should be made available, and this is where agricultural extension and rural advisory services come into play. The creation of location-specific technologies requires input from the private sector. The private sector plays a huge role in facilitating innovation processes, the focus of extension must move from transferring knowledge, skills, and technology relevant to the production of crops, livestock, and forestry products, and resilience to climate change consequences. However, an effective system for extension provision is essential for the successful implementation of climate-smart agriculture projects. Implementing climate-smart agriculture is important and must be a top goal for all agricultural extension and advisory service providers. The government, particularly in developing nations, must acknowledge and encourage partnerships through incentives and establish a setting in which farmers can transact with the private sector. Changes in societal behaviour, business plans, and farming methods would be necessary for millions of farmers to implement climate-smart agriculture. In order to adopt climate-smart agriculture and comprehend its effects, farmers require assistance from public and private entities; so that, farmers are connected with resources for new knowledge and tools, and that's where the rural extension and advisory service is particularly important. This synthesis study highlights the successes and failures of privatized extension and advisory service delivery.
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Many smallholder farmers in the developing world live in adverse poverty and rely on agriculture as their primary source of income and household food. In Zambia, agriculture production is the main activity for people in rural areas of the... more
Many smallholder farmers in the developing world live in adverse poverty and rely on agriculture as their primary source of income and household food. In Zambia, agriculture production is the main activity for people in rural areas of the country. The study evaluated the effects of climate-smart practices, Gliricidia sepium Alley cropping, conservation agriculture basin, ripping, and conventional agriculture cropland on selected physicochemical properties of soil among smallholder farmers’ croplands in Nyimba district, Zambia. Cropland under conservation agriculture basin, ripping, agroforestry Gliricidia Alleyed cropping, and conventional agriculture cropland hosting the practices for more than five years were considered for soil sample collection. Thirty (30) composite soil samples were collected; Gliricidia alley cropping (n=6), conservation agriculture basin (n=6), ripping(n=6), conventional agriculture one (n=6) and conventional agriculture two (n=6) following a zig-zag pattern...
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Water hyacinth is without a doubt the water invader that causes the most harm to water bodies. Water hyacinths originated from Eastern Mediterranean, West Asia, and Central Asia; they are cultivated and loved worldwide. According to... more
Water hyacinth is without a doubt the water invader that causes the most harm to water bodies. Water hyacinths originated from Eastern Mediterranean, West Asia, and Central Asia; they are cultivated and loved worldwide. According to reports, water hyacinth has anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and antibacterial properties. The plant extracts can also be used to treat cholera, sore throats, and snake bites, as well as to scent hair. Water hyacinth Pontederia crassipes (Eichhornia crassipes) has proliferated rapidly in African inland waters, posing numerous threats to fisheries by reducing the existence of some species; water quality by lowering levels of dissolved oxygen; human health and the environment by introducing various disease-causing pathogens and harbouring dangerous animals. The hyacinths further impact human activities by blocking waterways for fishing and destroying habitat for some fish to bread properly. Tourism and navigation are also affected by limiting access to recre...
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Welcome to ACE Climate SABC Africa Center of Excellence for Climate Smart Agriculture and Biodiversity Conservation (ACE Climate SABC) is a five year project that aims at producing skilled human capital through research-based quality... more
Welcome to ACE Climate SABC
Africa Center of Excellence for Climate Smart Agriculture and Biodiversity Conservation (ACE Climate SABC) is a five year project that aims at producing skilled human capital through research-based quality post-graduate programs and short-term, skill-based training courses.
Since climate change is a worldwide problem posing challenges to the survival of mankind and sustainable development, the issues of climate, biodiversity and agriculture are matters of great concern particularly for Africa where the majority of its population highly depends on rain-fed agriculture.
Besides, as a number of projects in our continent and region vastly focus on other matters but education, this project would be indispensable in finding key solutions to the continents developmental challenges.
Africa Center of Excellence for Climate Smart Agriculture and Biodiversity Conservation (ACE Climate SABC) is a five year project that aims at producing skilled human capital through research-based quality post-graduate programs and short-term, skill-based training courses.
Since climate change is a worldwide problem posing challenges to the survival of mankind and sustainable development, the issues of climate, biodiversity and agriculture are matters of great concern particularly for Africa where the majority of its population highly depends on rain-fed agriculture.
Besides, as a number of projects in our continent and region vastly focus on other matters but education, this project would be indispensable in finding key solutions to the continents developmental challenges.
Research Interests:
The environmental, economic, and social effects of climate change are expected to be profound for smallholder farmers, especially in developing countries like Zambia, whose way of life is largely dependent on the natural world. Many... more
The environmental, economic, and social effects of climate change are expected to be profound for smallholder farmers, especially in developing countries like Zambia, whose way of life is largely dependent on the natural world. Many underdeveloped countries are finally realizing that agroforestry and other climate-smart farming practices offer solutions to current climate change-related issues. Tree plants are incorporated into farming systems through agroforestry technologies, which provide farmers with fruits and vegetables as well as animal and vegetable fodder, lessen soil erosion, and restore soil fertility. This study looked at how the implementation of agroforestry affected household expenditures and yields of crops among smallholder farmers in Zambia's Nyimba area. The variables motivating smallholder farmers in the research area to embrace agroforestry were also investigated. Data was collected from July to August of 2022 from 325 randomly selected smallholder farmers’ households in four villages in the Nyimba district of Zambia. This study utilized a binary logistic regression model to identify the variables affecting smallholder farmers' adoption of agroforestry. The results revealed that smallholder farmers’ household head education level, access to extension services, household size, access to credit, farming experience, farmland size, and distance to the nearest market had an influence on agroforestry adoption. The effects of agroforestry adoption on smallholder farmers' household expenditures and crop production were assessed using propensity score matching. The results revealed that smallholder farmers’ household adopters had 1,929.040 kilograms of crop yield (Zea mays L.) higher than non-adopters by 817.43 kilograms. Household expenditure for smallholder farmers adopters was ZMW 8,873.47 higher than non-adopters by ZMW 5,617.91 in the study area. Based on the findings, agroforestry should be implemented by smallholder farmer households throughout time to enhance household well-being. The study concluded that initiatives should be coordinated to spread awareness of agroforestry choices and remove obstacles to adoption among smallholder farmers.
Research Interests:
The environmental, economic, and social effects of climate change are expected to be profound for smallholder farmers, especially in developing countries like Zambia, whose way of life is largely dependent on the natural world. Many... more
The environmental, economic, and social effects of climate change are expected to be profound for smallholder farmers, especially in developing countries like Zambia, whose way of life is largely dependent on the natural world. Many underdeveloped countries are finally realizing that agroforestry and other climate-smart farming practices offer solutions to current climate change-related issues. Tree plants are incorporated into farming systems through agroforestry technologies, which provide farmers with fruits and vegetables as well as animal and vegetable fodder, lessen soil erosion, and restore soil fertility. This study looked at how the implementation of agroforestry affected household expenditures and yields of crops among smallholder farmers in Zambia's Nyimba area. The variables motivating smallholder farmers in the research area to embrace agroforestry were also investigated. Data was collected from July to August of 2022 from 325 randomly selected smallholder farmers’ households in four villages in the Nyimba district of Zambia. This study utilized a binary logistic regression model to identify the variables affecting smallholder farmers' adoption of agroforestry. The results revealed that smallholder farmers’ household head education level, access to extension services, household size, access to credit, farming experience, farmland size, and distance to the nearest market had an influence on agroforestry adoption. The effects of agroforestry adoption on smallholder farmers' household expenditures and crop production were assessed using propensity score matching. The results revealed that smallholder farmers’ household adopters had 1,929.040 kilograms of crop yield (Zea mays L.) higher than non-adopters by 817.43 kilograms. Household expenditure for smallholder farmers adopters was ZMW 8,873.47 higher than non-adopters by ZMW 5,617.91 in the study area. Based on the findings, agroforestry should be implemented by smallholder farmer households throughout time to enhance household well-being. The study concluded that initiatives should be coordinated to spread awareness of agroforestry choices and remove obstacles to adoption among smallholder farmers.
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Developing countries attempt different programs and projects to promote and disseminate improved cookstoves with health, economic, and environmental benefits. However, it is also important to understand the factors affecting people's... more
Developing countries attempt different programs and projects to promote and disseminate improved cookstoves with health, economic, and environmental benefits. However, it is also important to understand the factors affecting people's decisions to adopt fuel-efficient cookstoves. This study
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Water hyacinth is without a doubt the water invader that causes the most harm to water bodies. Water hyacinths originated from Eastern Mediterranean, West Asia, and Central Asia; they are cultivated and loved worldwide. According to... more
Water hyacinth is without a doubt the water invader that causes the most harm to water bodies. Water hyacinths originated from Eastern Mediterranean, West Asia, and Central Asia; they are cultivated and loved worldwide. According to reports, water hyacinth has anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and antibacterial properties. The plant extracts can also be used
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Research Interests: Law and Political Science
Sorghum is a cereal crop grown all over the world and the fifth most produced grain globally. In Uganda, smallholder farmers growing sorghum in Muko sub-county are relatively earning more profits than farmers growing other crops such as... more
Sorghum is a cereal crop grown all over the world and the fifth most produced grain globally. In Uganda, smallholder farmers growing sorghum in Muko sub-county are relatively earning more profits than farmers growing other crops such as maize, sweet potatoes, and wheat. Despite that fact, sorghum producers face several challenges which include limited access to agricultural inputs, land scarcity, and limited access to credit institutions that would boost sorghum production in Rubanda District. The study assessed climate-smart agricultural practices adopted by smallholder sorghum producers in the study area. The study also evaluated the level of sorghum utilization among smallholder farmers and the contribution to household income. The study used simple random sampling techniques, to arrive at 60 smallholder farmers to participate in the study. The study revealed 88.3% of smallholder farmers' households produced sorghum and 11.7% produced other crops from the sampled households. Smallholder farmers 41.7% reported growing Rukutu local sorghum variety followed by Magune 31.7%, Kyatanombe at 20%, and Buhuri at 13.3% respectively. In this study, farmers also reported the crop to enhance food security and household nutrition. Furthermore, 76.7% of smallholder farmers earned income from sorghum sales. Sorghum production has a potential to boost income gains from crop production as compared to maize and other cereal crops. Therefore, there is a need to form a smallholder farmers' steering committee to oversee agricultural issues in Rubanda District. Establishment of the institutional framework, to provide the legal framework and the National Environmental Policy on sorghum production.
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Why do individuals leave their homes for a few short weeks or days every year? Some psychologists allude that it is a result of the wearisomeness and routine of daily life at home. Most crucially, a lot of people travel since there isn't... more
Why do individuals leave their homes for a few short weeks or days every year? Some psychologists allude that it is a result of the wearisomeness and routine of daily life at home. Most crucially, a lot of people travel since there isn't anything to fascinate or excite them at home. The natural fauna in some parts of Asia, Africa, Europe, and America is distressingly sparse and dissimilar. In a nutshell, the whole activity is referred to as tourism.
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Climate change significantly threatens rural livelihoods in sub-Saharan Africa. This is due to rural community of SSA is relatively more susceptible to the effect of climate change than others regions. The SSA region is exposed to climate... more
Climate change significantly threatens rural livelihoods in sub-Saharan Africa. This is due to rural community of SSA is relatively more susceptible to the effect of climate change than others regions. The SSA region is exposed to climate risk through increased temperature, changes in rainfall patterns and variations in intensity and frequency of extreme weather events such as drought and floods. Even though, there is a changeover generation local farmers have been adjusting to these changes trough their indigenous knowledge which was impulse from one generation to others usually by word of mouth. The objective of this paper is to review indigenous knowledge for Climate Smart Agriculture. Research on Climate Smart Agriculture has revealed that many agricultural technologies and practices that can affect climate change adaptation in agriculture in rural agro-based communities and literature has shown that indigenous people have been excellent in providing weather smart information se...
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Climate change significantly threatens rural livelihoods in Sub-Saharan Africa including other least developed countries. This is due to rural communities' susceptibility to the effect of climate change and variations in these regions.... more
Climate change significantly threatens rural livelihoods in Sub-Saharan Africa including other least developed countries. This is due to rural communities' susceptibility to the effect of climate change and variations in these regions. Climate change exposes Sub-Sahara Africa region through increased temperature, changes in rainfall patterns, and frequency of extreme weather events such as drought and floods. Changes in climate over generations have brought about alterations in most Sub-Sahara Africa rural communities engaged in agriculture production. Smallholder farmers in rural communities have been adjusting to these changes through their indigenous knowledge which has stood in existence from one generation to another, spread by word of mouth. The objective of this paper is to synthesize indigenous knowledge captured for climate-smart agriculture. Recent empirical studies on climate-smart agriculture have revealed that many agricultural technologies and practices positively contribute to climate change adaptation in the agriculture sphere. It has been more evident in rural agrobased communities and literature has also shown that indigenous people have been excellent in providing weather-smart information services. However, adoption of climate-smart agriculture technologies which incorporate indigenous knowledge is still low in developing countries. Thus, strengthening the role of indigenous knowledge in climate change has a likelihood of contributing to climate change adaptation in smallholder farming communities. Improved adaptation, capacity building and integrating indigenous knowledge with climate-smart agriculture practices might be crucial to enhancing effective community resilience to climate change.
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Research Interests:
Dramatic climate changes and variations that Zambia has been experiencing over the past few decades miffed ongoing crop production, and disrupt the livelihood of farmers, and the food supply chain, especially on smallholder farmers. This... more
Dramatic climate changes and variations that Zambia has been experiencing over the past few decades miffed ongoing crop production, and disrupt the livelihood of farmers, and the food supply chain, especially on smallholder farmers. This is a result of the overdependence of most crops on alternating rainfall patterns, however, there is a rising concern about climate change and climate variations' impacts on Zambia's national food security. Food security is a constant top issue because the annual production just meets the nation's food needs limiting food exports for agricultural produce. National food security has also been affected by food loss due to its perishable character after harvest. In addition, horticultural crops are among those whose yield and nutritional quality are degraded due to short life span on shelves of most smallholder farmers in Zambia. In Zambia, conservation farming is one of the interventions put in place to adapt to the changing climate. Conservation farming has been highly recommended as an effective agriculture system for improving yield and reducing inorganic fertilizers usage among smallholder farmers in Zambia. However, this study was conducted in Minsundu Camp in Ndola district, Zambia among non-adopter and adopters of conservation farming. The study assessed the impacts and contribution of conservation farming among smallholder farmers' households in the study area. Therefore, the study observed the potential benefits of conservation farming to top-end agriculture in Minsundu camp. It was observed that conservation farming provided maximum benefits among adopters in-terms of increased maize yield, soil fertility and productivity. In the long-run conservation, farming can aid to poverty alleviation through increased household income, crop yields, and climate change resilience to smallholder farmers in the study area. Results from this study are vital for policy makers and future research gaps on conservation farming in Zambia specially to improve agricultural Maize production among smallholder farmers.
Research Interests: Agronomy and Conservation
It is appropriate to entrust the agricultural sector with the role of contributing much more significantly to the transformation of the Sub-Saharan African country's economy. This is largely due to the significance of food security to all... more
It is appropriate to entrust the agricultural sector with the role of contributing much more significantly to the transformation of the Sub-Saharan African country's economy. This is largely due to the significance of food security to all of the region's economies, the fact that the majority of its residents still live in rural areas, where they are often poor, food insecure, and unemployed, and the fact that agriculture in the region does have the natural resource potential to significantly contribute to economic development and transformation by promoting links between income and employment within individual countries and within the region. Whatever the case, the agriculture industry is receiving unique policy adjustments, sustainable innovation, and investments. Governments need to invest significant resources in agricultural research in their budgets and ensure that every dollar is used effectively for the proper goals to demonstrate their commitment to changing the way agriculture is conducted on the continent. Africa continues to have some of the poorest smallholder farmers in the entire globe. Without contemporary agricultural technologies, enough investment, and a distribution system that is still poorly suited for reaching markets, it is difficult for them to reach their full potential. Nonetheless, this review study highlights a number of closely related strands of economic literature or schools of thought on challenges faced by agriculture in Sub-Sahara Africa.
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Due to degraded arable land and poor land management in most outskirts of Sub-Sahara Africa countries experience crop failure, a lack of fodder, and poor agricultural productivity. Deteriorating soil fertility and climate change... more
Due to degraded arable land and poor land management in most outskirts of Sub-Sahara Africa countries experience crop failure, a lack of fodder, and poor agricultural productivity. Deteriorating soil fertility and climate change exacerbate agricultural farmland production to produce sufficient crops and livestock all year round. Food security is insufficient as a result of poor agricultural production, particularly in Sub-Saharan African nations. Intervention strategies must be implemented in order to boost the farming system's productivity. However, the inclusion of the tree species on agricultural land as a whole call for the growing of trees on agricultural farmland. Incorporating agroforestry into farming systems is inexpensive, provides protracted soil fertility, and supplies livestock with fodder. According to earlier research, agroforestry management strategies are required to boost agricultural productivity and output. However, this synthesis also aims to highlight the value of tree components in the implementation of farming systems. Wherefore it is crucial to evaluate the potential of agroforestry and create innovations that are customised to certain circumstances for agriculture. Finally, research on agroforestry systems requires a long-, mid-, and short-term investment approach.
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Variations in precipitation that affect water resources have drawn a lot of attention to climate change-related water quality issues in recent years. Point and non-point source contaminants have an impact on water quality due to seasonal... more
Variations in precipitation that affect water resources have drawn a lot of attention to climate change-related water quality issues in recent years. Point and non-point source contaminants have an impact on water quality due to seasonal rainfall variability, and rainfall events are crucial in spreading these pollutants. Sub-Saharan Africa has the least stable access to freshwater supplies. Numerous academics have undertaken extensive research on the connection between climate change and water resources, yielding significant research findings. However, there is a
dearth of quantitative analysis and thorough evaluation of research accomplishments. The purpose of the study was to undertake an organized literature review on the topic of examining the relationship between Sub-Saharan Africa's water resources and climate change. In the first segment, Vos-Viewer was used to map, study the literature, and identify any gaps in order to evaluate the impact of rainfall variability on water quality. The adaptation and mitigation strategies for water availability were described in the second section. This report utilizes the
VOS-Viewer bibliometric software to create a combative network and keyword co-occurrence map based on the pertinent literature on the topics of climate change and water resources in the core collection of the Web of Science database and dimension. According to the study's findings,
cooperation networks are not as prominent as research networks between developed and developing nations. It was also shown that irregular rainfall affects water quality by giving the water a muddy, acidic, and turbid appearance. According to the assessment, the study's conclusions suggest that involving all significant parties and adopting strong rules can facilitate prudent water usage and management. This is crucial for the 884 million people whose survival depends on surface water resources.
dearth of quantitative analysis and thorough evaluation of research accomplishments. The purpose of the study was to undertake an organized literature review on the topic of examining the relationship between Sub-Saharan Africa's water resources and climate change. In the first segment, Vos-Viewer was used to map, study the literature, and identify any gaps in order to evaluate the impact of rainfall variability on water quality. The adaptation and mitigation strategies for water availability were described in the second section. This report utilizes the
VOS-Viewer bibliometric software to create a combative network and keyword co-occurrence map based on the pertinent literature on the topics of climate change and water resources in the core collection of the Web of Science database and dimension. According to the study's findings,
cooperation networks are not as prominent as research networks between developed and developing nations. It was also shown that irregular rainfall affects water quality by giving the water a muddy, acidic, and turbid appearance. According to the assessment, the study's conclusions suggest that involving all significant parties and adopting strong rules can facilitate prudent water usage and management. This is crucial for the 884 million people whose survival depends on surface water resources.
Research Interests:
The basic idea of climate-smart agriculture is that location-specific climate-smart technologies should be made available, and this is where agricultural extension and rural advisory services come into play. The creation of... more
The basic idea of climate-smart agriculture is that location-specific climate-smart technologies should be made available, and this is where agricultural extension and rural advisory services come into play. The creation of location-specific technologies requires input from the private sector. The private sector plays a huge role in facilitating innovation processes, the focus of extension must move from transferring knowledge, skills, and technology relevant to the production of crops, livestock, and forestry products, and resilience to climate change consequences. However, an effective system for extension provision is essential for the successful implementation of climate-smart agriculture projects. Implementing climate-smart agriculture is important and must be a top goal for all agricultural extension and advisory service providers. The government, particularly in developing nations, must acknowledge and encourage partnerships through incentives and establish a setting in which farmers can transact with the private sector. Changes in societal behaviour, business plans, and farming methods would be necessary for millions of farmers to implement climate-smart agriculture. In order to adopt climate-smart agriculture and comprehend its effects, farmers require assistance from public and private entities; so that, farmers are connected with resources for new knowledge and tools, and that's where the rural extension and advisory service is particularly important. This synthesis study highlights the successes and failures of privatized extension and advisory service delivery.
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Agriculture and fishing are both significantly influenced by the climate. Rising temperatures and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations may enhance crop production in some areas. To receive these advantages, other conditions such as soil... more
Agriculture and fishing are both significantly influenced by the climate. Rising temperatures and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations may enhance crop production in some areas. To receive these advantages, other conditions such as soil moisture, nutritional levels, and water availability must also be met. Changes in the frequency and severity of floods and droughts may put food safety at risk, which might cause problems for ranchers and farmers. In general, climate change may make it harder to cultivate crops, rear animals, and fish in the same places and manners as in the past. together with other dynamic factors that affect agricultural production, like modifications to farming techniques and technological advancements. The effects of climate change must also be considered. The review concludes by recommending that people in developing nations find ways to respond to climatically hazardous events, trends, or disturbances that have an impact on crop production by adapting to or reorganizing in ways that preserve their fundamental functions, identities, and structures while also preserving their capacity for adaptation, learning, and transformation.
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For economic development and the reduction of poverty, agriculture is one of Zambia's top priority sectors. Extension and advisory services enable smallholders and businesses to have access to technology and information. In order to... more
For economic development and the reduction of poverty, agriculture is one of Zambia's top priority sectors. Extension and advisory services enable smallholders and businesses to have access to technology and information. In order to promote participatory multi-stakeholder innovation processes, extension and advisory services are progressively tying together significant stakeholders including producer organizations, research institutions, higher education, agribusiness, and lone producers. There are three different categories of service provider models: integrated market models, service provider models, and information-focused models. The main agricultural service providers in Zambia are the private sector, non-governmental organizations, international development partners, and farmer organizations, such as the Zambia National Farmer Union, small-scale farmers associations, livestock services, and Agrivet. Agricultural extension and advisory services are hindered by several issues, including field extension workers' inadequate comprehension of participatory extension methodologies, planned extension programs' focus on nonoperational value chains, insufficient and underperforming livestock service and farmer training centers, poor extension planning, reporting, and feedback cultures, and insufficient in-service and refresher training for front-line extension workers. However, in Zambia, the agriculture extension and advisory services play a crucial role in disseminating information among farmers in rural and urban areas farmers despite facing a number of challenges and/or obstacles. However, this piece of article gives a quick overview of Zambia's agricultural extension and advisory services delivery.
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One of Zambia's top priorities for economic development and the reduction of poverty is agriculture. For smallholders and companies to have easier access to technology and information, extension and consulting services are crucial. In... more
One of Zambia's top priorities for economic development and the reduction of poverty is agriculture. For smallholders and companies to have easier access to technology and information, extension and consulting services are crucial. In order to facilitate inclusive multi-stakeholder innovation processes, extension and advisory services are increasingly acting as a bridge between important parties including producer organizations, research institutions, higher education, agribusiness, and lone producers. Information-focused models, service provider models, and integrated market models are the three different categories of service provider models. Private sector players, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), international development partners (UN agencies), farmer organizations (Zambia National Farmer Union (ZNFU)), small-scale farmer associations, livestock services, and Agrivet are the main agricultural service providers that the Zambian government uses. Agricultural extension and advisory services are hindered by a number of issues, including field extension workers' lack of understanding of participatory extension methodologies, planned extension programs' focus on ineffective value chains, insufficient and underperforming livestock service centers and farmer training centers, inadequate extension planning, reporting, and feedback cultures, and insufficient in-service and refresher training for front-line extension workers. Despite the numerous obstacles, Zambian agricultural extension agents play a crucial role in getting the technology to end users.
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Africa is being faced with issues of food security among others which is making it difficult when the future, vision 2030 is being thought of. As far as the African economy is concerned, fish production-both capture and aquaculture-are... more
Africa is being faced with issues of food security among others which is making it difficult when the future, vision 2030 is being thought of. As far as the African economy is concerned, fish production-both capture and aquaculture-are contributors, although due to the effects of climate change, the sectors are highly affected, hence increased issues of food security. This study therefore discusses the effects of climate change on fisheries and aquaculture, mitigation measures, and adaptation strategies in Africa according to the different available literatures reviewed. Different effects of climate change include rising sea level, rising water temperatures, rising water salinity, ocean acidification, changes in precipitation patterns, disease, and algal blooms. Some of the mitigation measures being restoration of mangroves at the coastal regions, corals, advocating for reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. On adaptation, both the fish and the fishing community have shown different adaptations. For instance, fish have shown migration habits to safe places as fishers have changed their fishing gears, increased fishing effort, and targeted different new species. However, some adaptations by the fisher community have been seen to be very harmful, hence not promising for the sustainability of the fishery. The study thus recommends that the fishing community be made aware of the importance of diversification in terms of their well-being and as a way to reduce food security, as well as the participation of resource beneficiaries in making policies that are in line with adaptation to the effects of climate change and flexibility of the fishery for sustainability.
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Research Interests:
Global climate change has negative effects, on impoverished individuals and poor countries are more severely affected than others. They are particularly at risk due to their heavy reliance on natural resources and poor ability to adapt to... more
Global climate change has negative effects, on impoverished individuals and poor countries are more severely affected than others. They are particularly at risk due to their heavy reliance on natural resources and poor ability to adapt to climatic change upshots. However, by lowering carbon emissions, carbon trading systems should enhance the environment's air quality and sustenance. The amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is more dependent on human activity, making it easier to govern and control. The main organic sources of greenhouse gases are biomass decomposition, natural fires, and biological respiration. Anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions increase the Earth's natural greenhouse effect and cause global warming by trapping outgoing infrared radiation within the atmosphere due to the formed pseudo blanket. Global warming impacts humans, plants and animals via a variety of mechanisms with varying levels of complexity, directness, and timing. The negative effects of climate change may be mitigated through adaptation, but this option must be carefully considered given that developing nations are clearly at a disadvantage in terms of technology, resources, and institutional capacity. The capacity to adapt is particularly related to socioeconomic characteristics.
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Regional integration has significant potential for Africa, a vast continent with more than 1.2 billion people. However regional integration is posed to reassuring strong and equitable economic growth through markets, reducing violence,... more
Regional integration has significant potential for Africa, a vast continent with more than 1.2 billion people. However regional integration is posed to reassuring strong and equitable economic growth through markets, reducing violence, and impr oving trade liberalisation. These might combat challenges a continent faces with numerous tiny national markets and landlocked countries. Regional integration plays huge a role across different sectors. As a result, African governments have signed a relatively large number of agreements for regional integration, many of which have considerable overlap in their membership. Among the agreements is the Economic Commission for Africa that backs the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), the Economic Community for the Central African States (ECCAS), Southern Africa Community for Development (SADC) and eventually the Arab Maghreb Union as three regional integration initiatives (AMU). The rationale behind regional integration is an assumption to have an impact on economic growth by improving the economy's competitiveness, increasing industrialization, and offering better employment possibilities that reduce poverty in the region. Finally, for regional integration to be a success among African countries divisions need to be overcome to reduce restrictions of movement by people, investment, goods, services, and ideas through the regional integration area. These divisions have hampered economic progress, particularly in developing nations.
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Little efforts has been made to document the influence of climate change and plant disease development globally. The availability of water, the quality of the soil, and agricultural production can all be impacted by a variety of... more
Little efforts has been made to document the influence of climate change and plant disease development globally. The availability of water, the quality of the soil, and agricultural production can all be impacted by a variety of catastrophic occurrences that may take place over a long period of time and area. yields, infestations, and pest and pathogen vulnerability. A pathogen's specific interactions with its host or hosts, as well as the effects these interactions have on the relationships between the host and other species in the community. In order to evaluate the type and extent of plant and pathogen evolutionary adaptability as well as the fate of plants in the face of future climate change, a study encompassing multiyear trends is required.
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Most rural areas in African countries have soil and land management issues, which result in crop failure, fodder shortages, and a lack of basics for agricultural product outputs. Furthermore, loss of soil fertility and climate variability... more
Most rural areas in African countries have soil and land management issues, which result in crop failure, fodder shortages, and a lack of basics for agricultural product outputs. Furthermore, loss of soil fertility and climate variability make it impossible to achieve enough crop yields and livestock production year after year, resulting in poor food security. Agroforestry projects involve the planting of trees on farmland with the goal of increasing the contribution of the tree crop component and the overall productivity of the farming system. As a result, increasing agricultural production and productivity requires the use of low-cost, long-term soil fertility and fodder supply management strategies. Furthermore, the goal of this synthesis is to emphasize the importance of tree components in the implementation of farming systems. Where these do not exist, however, screening prospective tree species and developing innovations tailored to specific conditions is critical. Finally, research on agroforestry trees requires a long-term, mid-term, and short-term investment strategy.
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The production and consumption of fruits are frequently insufficient in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly during certain seasons.
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Regional integration has significant potential for Africa, a vast continent with more than 1.2 billion people. However regional integration is posed to reassuring strong and equitable economic growth through markets, reducing violence,... more
Regional integration has significant potential for Africa, a vast continent with more than 1.2 billion people. However regional integration is posed to reassuring strong and equitable economic growth through markets, reducing violence, and impr oving trade liberalisation. These might combat challenges a continent faces with numerous tiny national markets and landlocked countries. Regional integration plays huge a role across different sectors. As a result, African governments have signed a relatively large number of agreements for regional integration, many of which have considerable overlap in their membership. Among the agreements is the Economic Commission for Africa that backs the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), the Economic Community for the Central African States (ECCAS), Southern Africa Community for Development (SADC) and eventually the Arab Maghreb Union as three regional integration initiatives (AMU). The rationale behind regional integration is an assumption to have an impact on economic growth by improving the economy's competitiveness, increasing industrialization, and offering better employment possibilities that reduce poverty in the region. Finally, for regional integration to be a success among African countries divisions need to be overcome to reduce restrictions of movement by people, investment, goods, services, and ideas through the regional integration area. These divisions have hampered economic progress, particularly in developing nations.
Research Interests:
Food sovereignty in one way or the other is a solution to the chaos brought about by climate change. It also provides power and authority to rural peasants in their farming systems and in return results into adequate nutritious food. It... more
Food sovereignty in one way or the other is a solution to the chaos brought about by climate change. It also provides power and authority to rural peasants in their farming systems and in return results into adequate nutritious food. It encourages commerce and investment that benefits society as a whole. Furthermore, it advocates for community sovereignty over productive resources, agrarian reforms, tenure security for smallholder producers, agroecology, biodiversity, indigenous rights, worker rights, social protection, and climate justice.