- Dr. H.K. GARG is affiliated as Direct Professor, Department of Biotechnology at Institute for Excellence in Higher Ed... moreDr. H.K. GARG is affiliated as Direct Professor, Department of Biotechnology at Institute for Excellence in Higher Education, Bhopal. Dr. Garg did his post graduate studies from MVM Bhopal, securing highest marks in the University. He pursued his doctoral research on Chromosomal Polymorphism in populations of Megalaima zeylanica caniceps (Franklin) from M.P. Though his passion, to touch the sky, tempted him to join the Civil Aviation as Trainee Pilot and, later on, the Indian Air Force as Pilot Officer, yet his scholastic bent of mind pulled him back into academics. He has 30 years of experience in Teaching, Training, Research and Administration.edit
IEHE | Quest is published biannually by the Institute for Excellence in Higher Education, Bhopal, India. The authors are solely accountable for the text and illustrations published in the research journal, and IEHE | Quest, its publisher... more
IEHE | Quest is published biannually by the Institute for Excellence in Higher Education, Bhopal, India. The authors are solely accountable for the text and illustrations published in the research journal, and IEHE | Quest, its publisher or its editorial members do not owe any responsibility for the content.
Copyright © 2022 by Institute of Excellence in Higher Education, Bhopal, India. All rights reserved.
Copyright and Reprint Permissions: Abstract is allowed with credit to the source. Photocopy is permitted for personal use of libraries and scholars.
Copyright © 2022 by Institute of Excellence in Higher Education, Bhopal, India. All rights reserved.
Copyright and Reprint Permissions: Abstract is allowed with credit to the source. Photocopy is permitted for personal use of libraries and scholars.
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This comprehensive book deals about the principles, components and functioning of different types of microscopes. From the basic compound microscope, exploring its mechanical and optical components, magnification, resolving power and... more
This comprehensive book deals about the principles, components and functioning of different types of microscopes. From the basic compound microscope, exploring its mechanical and optical components, magnification, resolving power and more, to specialized instruments such as the dark field microscope, inverted microscope and phase contrast microscope - each chapter uncovers the components and working of these powerful instruments.
The book allows readers to venture into the field of advanced microscopy with in-depth discussions on fluorescent microscopes, polarizing microscopes, scanning electron microscopes, transmission electron microscopes, 3-D microscopes, confocal microscopes and super-resolution microscopes. It also highlights the principles, components, and functioning that make these instruments indispensable in science and technology.
The book also outlines the intricacies of UV-Vis spectrophotometer, IR spectrophotometer, nuclear magnetic resonance, Geiger-Muller counter, scintillation counter, X-ray diffraction, computed axial tomography, positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and colorimeter.
Techniques such as moving boundary electrophoresis, paper electrophoresis, thin layer electrophoresis, PAGE electrophoresis, SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, 2D-PAGE electrophoresis, capillary gradient gel electrophoresis, pulse field electrophoresis, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), centrifuges - ultracentrifuge and analytical centrifuge, have also been discussed in detail.
This carefully crafted book also highlights the other laboratory equipment such as microtome, autoclave, incubator, hot air oven and pH meter, providing a comprehensive understanding of their principles, components and functioning. Whether you are a novice or an experienced researcher, this book is an indispensable treatise on instruments.
The book allows readers to venture into the field of advanced microscopy with in-depth discussions on fluorescent microscopes, polarizing microscopes, scanning electron microscopes, transmission electron microscopes, 3-D microscopes, confocal microscopes and super-resolution microscopes. It also highlights the principles, components, and functioning that make these instruments indispensable in science and technology.
The book also outlines the intricacies of UV-Vis spectrophotometer, IR spectrophotometer, nuclear magnetic resonance, Geiger-Muller counter, scintillation counter, X-ray diffraction, computed axial tomography, positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and colorimeter.
Techniques such as moving boundary electrophoresis, paper electrophoresis, thin layer electrophoresis, PAGE electrophoresis, SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, 2D-PAGE electrophoresis, capillary gradient gel electrophoresis, pulse field electrophoresis, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), centrifuges - ultracentrifuge and analytical centrifuge, have also been discussed in detail.
This carefully crafted book also highlights the other laboratory equipment such as microtome, autoclave, incubator, hot air oven and pH meter, providing a comprehensive understanding of their principles, components and functioning. Whether you are a novice or an experienced researcher, this book is an indispensable treatise on instruments.
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This book expertly navigates readers through the intricate world of cellular biology. Covering fundamental topics such as cell structure, division, mitosis, and the impact of colchicine on mitosis, it serves as a comprehensive guide.... more
This book expertly navigates readers through the intricate world of cellular biology. Covering fundamental topics such as cell structure, division, mitosis, and the impact of colchicine on mitosis, it serves as a comprehensive guide.
Readers will uncover the mysteries of meiosis, explore the nuances of Barr bodies and inactive X-chromosomes, and delve into the cellular landscape of dicotyledon leaf sections. From growth and differentiation in hanging drop culture to chlorophyll estimation and permanent mounting, the book weaves a rich tapestry of knowledge on various cellular phenomena.
Within its pages, readers can immerse themselves in the microscopic realm, examining polytene chromosomes in Drosophila melanogaster and Chironomus midge larvae, scrutinizing the chromosome complement of Musca domestica, and exploring the intricacies of bone marrow culture and testicular biopsy.
Cytological studies of ascites cells, tumor cell cytometry, chromosome banding, constitutive heterochromatin, and special techniques like C-banding, G-banding, reverse banding, Q-banding, T-banding, satellite or excessive repeats in fibroblast cells are explained in detail, alongside discussions on DNA, the nuclear organizer region, and dermatoglyphics.
For those interested in practical applications, the book offers insights into the production of pectinase via solid-state fermentation, human testicular biopsy, and the preparation of stains and reagents essential for cytological research.
An invaluable resource for students, researchers, and enthusiasts, this book provides a comprehensive guide to both the theoretical foundations and practical techniques essential for a profound understanding of the cellular universe.
Readers will uncover the mysteries of meiosis, explore the nuances of Barr bodies and inactive X-chromosomes, and delve into the cellular landscape of dicotyledon leaf sections. From growth and differentiation in hanging drop culture to chlorophyll estimation and permanent mounting, the book weaves a rich tapestry of knowledge on various cellular phenomena.
Within its pages, readers can immerse themselves in the microscopic realm, examining polytene chromosomes in Drosophila melanogaster and Chironomus midge larvae, scrutinizing the chromosome complement of Musca domestica, and exploring the intricacies of bone marrow culture and testicular biopsy.
Cytological studies of ascites cells, tumor cell cytometry, chromosome banding, constitutive heterochromatin, and special techniques like C-banding, G-banding, reverse banding, Q-banding, T-banding, satellite or excessive repeats in fibroblast cells are explained in detail, alongside discussions on DNA, the nuclear organizer region, and dermatoglyphics.
For those interested in practical applications, the book offers insights into the production of pectinase via solid-state fermentation, human testicular biopsy, and the preparation of stains and reagents essential for cytological research.
An invaluable resource for students, researchers, and enthusiasts, this book provides a comprehensive guide to both the theoretical foundations and practical techniques essential for a profound understanding of the cellular universe.
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The Book comprises sophisticated laboratory techniques for cellular, genetic and molecular studies in Biology.
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Книга посвящена тем птичьим отрядам, которые накопили избранные генетические вариации за геологическое время. Он дает читателям всеобъемлющее представление о наследственном носителе, перенося их в царство красочных видов птиц.... more
Книга посвящена тем птичьим отрядам, которые накопили избранные генетические вариации за геологическое время. Он дает читателям всеобъемлющее представление о наследственном носителе, перенося их в царство красочных видов птиц.
Благодаря ясному объяснению и ярким иллюстрациям в книге читатели смогут визуально понять, как хромосомные перестройки в скрещивающихся популяциях птиц сохраняются и способствуют процессу видообразования. Это исчерпывающий сборник результатов 30-летних исследований, проведенных автором на различных видах птиц, — настоящая находка для читателей, интересующихся цитогенетикой птиц.
Настоящая книга является практическим руководством для тех любознательных умов, которые часто ищут биологию в простой форме, где суть не скрыта в бесчисленном множестве сложных слов!
Благодаря ясному объяснению и ярким иллюстрациям в книге читатели смогут визуально понять, как хромосомные перестройки в скрещивающихся популяциях птиц сохраняются и способствуют процессу видообразования. Это исчерпывающий сборник результатов 30-летних исследований, проведенных автором на различных видах птиц, — настоящая находка для читателей, интересующихся цитогенетикой птиц.
Настоящая книга является практическим руководством для тех любознательных умов, которые часто ищут биологию в простой форме, где суть не скрыта в бесчисленном множестве сложных слов!
El libro se detiene en aquellas órdenes de aves que han acumulado variaciones genéticas seleccionadas a lo largo de la escala de tiempo geológico. Brinda a los lectores una visión integral del portador hereditario, llevándolos al reino de... more
El libro se detiene en aquellas órdenes de aves que han acumulado variaciones genéticas seleccionadas a lo largo de la escala de tiempo geológico. Brinda a los lectores una visión integral del portador hereditario, llevándolos al reino de las coloridas especies de aves.
Los lectores comprenderían visualmente, a través de una explicación lúcida e ilustraciones vívidas, en el libro, cómo los reordenamientos cromosómicos, dentro de las poblaciones de aves que se entrecruzan, persisten y contribuyen al proceso de especiación. Es una compilación exhaustiva de 30 años de investigación, realizada por el autor sobre varias especies de aves, un tesoro para los lectores interesados en la citogenética aviar.
El presente libro es una guía práctica para aquellas mentes curiosas que a menudo buscan biología en una forma simple donde el quid no está oculto en la miríada de palabras complejas, ¡de hecho!
Los lectores comprenderían visualmente, a través de una explicación lúcida e ilustraciones vívidas, en el libro, cómo los reordenamientos cromosómicos, dentro de las poblaciones de aves que se entrecruzan, persisten y contribuyen al proceso de especiación. Es una compilación exhaustiva de 30 años de investigación, realizada por el autor sobre varias especies de aves, un tesoro para los lectores interesados en la citogenética aviar.
El presente libro es una guía práctica para aquellas mentes curiosas que a menudo buscan biología en una forma simple donde el quid no está oculto en la miríada de palabras complejas, ¡de hecho!
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O livro aborda as ordens de aves que acumularam variações genéticas selecionadas ao longo da escala de tempo geológico. Ele fornece uma visão abrangente do portador hereditário para os leitores, levando-os ao reino das espécies de aves... more
O livro aborda as ordens de aves que acumularam variações genéticas selecionadas ao longo da escala de tempo geológico. Ele fornece uma visão abrangente do portador hereditário para os leitores, levando-os ao reino das espécies de aves coloridas.
Os leitores compreenderiam visualmente, por meio de explicações lúcidas e ilustrações vívidas, no livro, como os rearranjos cromossômicos, dentro de populações de aves cruzadas, persistem e contribuem para o processo de especiação. É uma compilação exaustiva de 30 anos de pesquisa, realizada pelo autor sobre várias espécies de aves - um tesouro para os leitores interessados em citogenética aviária.
O presente livro é um guia prático para aquelas mentes curiosas que muitas vezes procuram a biologia de uma forma simples, onde o cerne não está escondido na miríade de palavras complexas, de fato!
Os leitores compreenderiam visualmente, por meio de explicações lúcidas e ilustrações vívidas, no livro, como os rearranjos cromossômicos, dentro de populações de aves cruzadas, persistem e contribuem para o processo de especiação. É uma compilação exaustiva de 30 anos de pesquisa, realizada pelo autor sobre várias espécies de aves - um tesouro para os leitores interessados em citogenética aviária.
O presente livro é um guia prático para aquelas mentes curiosas que muitas vezes procuram a biologia de uma forma simples, onde o cerne não está escondido na miríade de palavras complexas, de fato!
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Il libro si sofferma su quegli ordini di uccelli che hanno accumulato variazioni genetiche selezionate sulla scala temporale geologica. Fornisce ai lettori una visione onnicomprensiva del portatore ereditario, portandoli nel regno delle... more
Il libro si sofferma su quegli ordini di uccelli che hanno accumulato variazioni genetiche selezionate sulla scala temporale geologica. Fornisce ai lettori una visione onnicomprensiva del portatore ereditario, portandoli nel regno delle colorate specie di uccelli.
I lettori comprenderebbero visivamente, attraverso una spiegazione lucida e illustrazioni vivide, nel libro, come i riarrangiamenti cromosomici, all'interno delle popolazioni di uccelli incrociate, persistono e contribuiscono al processo di speciazione. È una raccolta esauriente di 30 anni di ricerca, condotta dall'autore su varie specie di uccelli: un tesoro per i lettori interessati alla citogenetica aviaria.
Il presente libro è una guida pratica per quelle menti curiose che spesso cercano la biologia in una forma semplice dove il punto cruciale non è nascosto nella miriade di parole complesse, anzi!
I lettori comprenderebbero visivamente, attraverso una spiegazione lucida e illustrazioni vivide, nel libro, come i riarrangiamenti cromosomici, all'interno delle popolazioni di uccelli incrociate, persistono e contribuiscono al processo di speciazione. È una raccolta esauriente di 30 anni di ricerca, condotta dall'autore su varie specie di uccelli: un tesoro per i lettori interessati alla citogenetica aviaria.
Il presente libro è una guida pratica per quelle menti curiose che spesso cercano la biologia in una forma semplice dove il punto cruciale non è nascosto nella miriade di parole complesse, anzi!
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Das Buch befasst sich mit den Vogelordnungen, die über die geologische Zeitskala ausgewählte genetische Variationen angesammelt haben. Es bietet dem Leser einen umfassenden Überblick über den erblichen Träger und führt ihn in das Reich... more
Das Buch befasst sich mit den Vogelordnungen, die über die geologische Zeitskala ausgewählte genetische Variationen angesammelt haben. Es bietet dem Leser einen umfassenden Überblick über den erblichen Träger und führt ihn in das Reich der farbenfrohen Vogelarten.
Die Leser würden durch klare Erklärungen und lebendige Illustrationen in dem Buch visuell verstehen, wie chromosomale Umlagerungen innerhalb sich kreuzender Vogelpopulationen fortbestehen und zum Prozess der Speziation beitragen. Es ist eine umfassende Zusammenstellung von 30 Jahren Forschung, die der Autor an verschiedenen Vogelarten durchgeführt hat – eine Fundgrube für Leser, die sich für die Zytogenetik von Vögeln interessieren.
Das vorliegende Buch ist ein praktischer Leitfaden für jene neugierigen Geister, die Biologie oft in einer einfachen Form suchen, bei der die Krux nicht in der Myriade komplexer Wörter verborgen ist!
Die Leser würden durch klare Erklärungen und lebendige Illustrationen in dem Buch visuell verstehen, wie chromosomale Umlagerungen innerhalb sich kreuzender Vogelpopulationen fortbestehen und zum Prozess der Speziation beitragen. Es ist eine umfassende Zusammenstellung von 30 Jahren Forschung, die der Autor an verschiedenen Vogelarten durchgeführt hat – eine Fundgrube für Leser, die sich für die Zytogenetik von Vögeln interessieren.
Das vorliegende Buch ist ein praktischer Leitfaden für jene neugierigen Geister, die Biologie oft in einer einfachen Form suchen, bei der die Krux nicht in der Myriade komplexer Wörter verborgen ist!
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Le livre s'attarde sur ces ordres aviaires qui ont accumulé des variations génétiques sélectionnées sur l'échelle des temps géologiques. Il offre aux lecteurs une vision globale du porteur héréditaire, les emmenant dans le royaume des... more
Le livre s'attarde sur ces ordres aviaires qui ont accumulé des variations génétiques sélectionnées sur l'échelle des temps géologiques. Il offre aux lecteurs une vision globale du porteur héréditaire, les emmenant dans le royaume des espèces aviaires colorées.
Les lecteurs comprendraient visuellement, à travers des explications lucides et des illustrations vives, dans le livre, comment les réarrangements chromosomiques, au sein des populations d'oiseaux se reproduisant, persistent et contribuent au processus de spéciation. C'est une compilation exhaustive de 30 ans de recherches, menées par l'auteur sur diverses espèces d'oiseaux - un trésor pour les lecteurs qui s'intéressent à la cytogénétique aviaire.
Le présent livre est un guide pratique pour ces esprits curieux qui cherchent souvent la biologie sous une forme simple où l'essentiel n'est pas caché dans la myriade de mots complexes, en effet !
Les lecteurs comprendraient visuellement, à travers des explications lucides et des illustrations vives, dans le livre, comment les réarrangements chromosomiques, au sein des populations d'oiseaux se reproduisant, persistent et contribuent au processus de spéciation. C'est une compilation exhaustive de 30 ans de recherches, menées par l'auteur sur diverses espèces d'oiseaux - un trésor pour les lecteurs qui s'intéressent à la cytogénétique aviaire.
Le présent livre est un guide pratique pour ces esprits curieux qui cherchent souvent la biologie sous une forme simple où l'essentiel n'est pas caché dans la myriade de mots complexes, en effet !
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The book dwells on those avian orders that have accumulated selected genetic variations over the geological time scale. It provides an all embracing view of the hereditary carrier to the readers, taking them to the realm of colorful avian... more
The book dwells on those avian orders that have accumulated selected genetic variations over the geological time scale. It provides an all embracing view of the hereditary carrier to the readers, taking them to the realm of colorful avian species.
The readers would visually comprehend, through lucid explanation and vivid illustrations, in the book, how chromosomal rearrangements, within interbreeding populations of birds, persist and contribute to the process of speciation. It’s an exhaustive compilation of 30 years of research, carried out by the author on various species of birds - a treasure trove for readers who are interested in avian cytogenetics.
The present book is a practical guide to those curious minds who often seek biology in a simple form where the crux is not hidden in the myriad of complex words, indeed!
The readers would visually comprehend, through lucid explanation and vivid illustrations, in the book, how chromosomal rearrangements, within interbreeding populations of birds, persist and contribute to the process of speciation. It’s an exhaustive compilation of 30 years of research, carried out by the author on various species of birds - a treasure trove for readers who are interested in avian cytogenetics.
The present book is a practical guide to those curious minds who often seek biology in a simple form where the crux is not hidden in the myriad of complex words, indeed!
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A laboratory Manual for Post Graduate Students and Research Scholars in US, European and Indian Universities.
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This compendium is a compilation of Extraordinary Gazettes, Ordinances, Statutes, Rules, Orders, Circulars, etc. pertaining to Direct Recruitment, Code of Conduct, Leave Rules, Joining Time, Pay Scales, Career Advancement (Promotion),... more
This compendium is a compilation of Extraordinary Gazettes, Ordinances, Statutes, Rules, Orders, Circulars, etc. pertaining to Direct Recruitment, Code of Conduct, Leave Rules, Joining Time, Pay Scales, Career Advancement (Promotion), General Provident Fund (GPF), Employees Group Insurance Scheme (GIS - 1985, 2003), Superannuation, Pension, Death-cum-Gratuity (DCRG), Commutation, Store Purchase, Foreign Travel, TA - DA - HRA, Leave Encashment, etc., issued by University Grants Commission, Government of Madhya Pradesh - General Administration (GAD), Finance and Higher Education Department, from time to time.
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The present project endeavors to bridge the insights obtained from the Human Genome Project with the burgeoning possibilities of Artificial Intelligence in the future. This project is a concept-driven work, aiming to identify genetic... more
The present project endeavors to bridge the insights obtained from the Human Genome Project with the burgeoning possibilities of Artificial Intelligence in the future. This project is a concept-driven work, aiming to identify genetic diseases through a computer application and implement necessary corrective measures. Moreover, the project explores out the possibilities of preservation of the vast amount of data generated from individual genomic sequencing. The intention is to securely archive this information on a distributed platform accessible to future generations for research purposes.
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Birds are characterized by fluff, flight, a petite genome and a distinctive karyotype. Despite large numbers of chromosomes, the diploid count (2n=80) is amazingly constant with 2n = 74-86 in 63%, 2n = 66-74 in 24% and 2n = 40 & 2n = 142... more
Birds are characterized by fluff, flight, a petite genome and a distinctive karyotype. Despite large numbers of chromosomes, the diploid count (2n=80) is amazingly constant with 2n = 74-86 in 63%, 2n = 66-74 in 24% and 2n = 40 & 2n = 142 in the remaining 13% of birds. The present report explains as to how such a large assemblage came into being and transformed into a heterogeneous genomic clan.
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Chromosomes are the quintessence of biological dynamism. As carrier of genes, they are the controllers of varied biological activities – the basis of life. Their precise movement during cell-division and their amazing power of replication... more
Chromosomes are the quintessence of biological dynamism. As carrier of genes,
they are the controllers of varied biological activities – the basis of life. Their
precise movement during cell-division and their amazing power of replication are
a few instances of extreme vitality.
In order to work out the chromosomal make-up of certain species of birds and to ascertain the presence of true variability, if any, in natural breeding populations, five species of birds viz. Turnix suscicator, Ceryl rudis, Merops orientalis, Sturnus contra and Treron phoenicoptera were selected for the current investigation. The harvesting of chromosomes was done, in vivo, from the bone-marrow cells.
The size distinction between the macro - and micro - chromosomes was sharp in all species, except Ceryl rudis and Merops orientalis wherein, owing to continuing drop in the size of autosomes, it became difficult to draw a line of demarcation. Finally, we relied on the criterion of De Boer (1976) to separate out the macrochromosomes from microchromosomes.
In all species, sex determination was found to be ZZ-ZW type - the female being heterogametic. Nonetheless, in T. suscicator, it was unfeasible to individualize Z & W, from a cluster of large autosomes, as both of them (sex chromosomes as well as autosomes) had similar morphology.
Four out of five species, worked out during the present investigation, had 82 number of chromosomes (n = 41) and all of them were monomorphic. Conversely, T. phoenicoptera alone had nine diverse karyological combinations (table-9) because of two separate pericentric inversions - one in chromosome - 1 and another in chromosome - 2.
Presence of such an extensive polymorphism in T. phoenicoptera should aptly be described as an incidence of multiple chromosomal heteromorphism.
they are the controllers of varied biological activities – the basis of life. Their
precise movement during cell-division and their amazing power of replication are
a few instances of extreme vitality.
In order to work out the chromosomal make-up of certain species of birds and to ascertain the presence of true variability, if any, in natural breeding populations, five species of birds viz. Turnix suscicator, Ceryl rudis, Merops orientalis, Sturnus contra and Treron phoenicoptera were selected for the current investigation. The harvesting of chromosomes was done, in vivo, from the bone-marrow cells.
The size distinction between the macro - and micro - chromosomes was sharp in all species, except Ceryl rudis and Merops orientalis wherein, owing to continuing drop in the size of autosomes, it became difficult to draw a line of demarcation. Finally, we relied on the criterion of De Boer (1976) to separate out the macrochromosomes from microchromosomes.
In all species, sex determination was found to be ZZ-ZW type - the female being heterogametic. Nonetheless, in T. suscicator, it was unfeasible to individualize Z & W, from a cluster of large autosomes, as both of them (sex chromosomes as well as autosomes) had similar morphology.
Four out of five species, worked out during the present investigation, had 82 number of chromosomes (n = 41) and all of them were monomorphic. Conversely, T. phoenicoptera alone had nine diverse karyological combinations (table-9) because of two separate pericentric inversions - one in chromosome - 1 and another in chromosome - 2.
Presence of such an extensive polymorphism in T. phoenicoptera should aptly be described as an incidence of multiple chromosomal heteromorphism.
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Chromosomes are the quintessence of biological dynamism. As carrier of genes, they are the controllers of varied biological activities – the basis of life. Their precise movement during cell-division and their amazing power of replication... more
Chromosomes are the quintessence of biological dynamism. As carrier of genes, they are the controllers of varied biological activities – the basis of life. Their precise movement during cell-division and their amazing power of replication are a few instances of extreme vitality.
In some ways, however, we can get an even more vivid picture of liveliness of chromosomes if we examine them beyond the designated phases of mitosis and meiosis or at times, when they do not go after the preset norms. One of such inconsistencies is change in structural arrangement of chromosomes which either brings about speciation or, by conferring heterozygote vigor, sustains polymorphism in populations.
In some ways, however, we can get an even more vivid picture of liveliness of chromosomes if we examine them beyond the designated phases of mitosis and meiosis or at times, when they do not go after the preset norms. One of such inconsistencies is change in structural arrangement of chromosomes which either brings about speciation or, by conferring heterozygote vigor, sustains polymorphism in populations.
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The molecular basis of inheritance is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity to explain how and why an offspring resembles his parents. DNA, RNA and genetic code are the molecules of inheritance that transmit inherited genes... more
The molecular basis of inheritance is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity to explain how and why an offspring resembles his parents. DNA, RNA and genetic code are the molecules of inheritance that transmit inherited genes from parent to offspring.
This presentation covers DNA double helix structure, packaging of DNA helix, structure of polynucleotide chain, DNA replication, genetic code, central dogma, transcription, translation, regulation in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, etc.
This presentation covers DNA double helix structure, packaging of DNA helix, structure of polynucleotide chain, DNA replication, genetic code, central dogma, transcription, translation, regulation in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, etc.
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Dr. H.K. Garg's Presentation before NAAC Peer Team for Institutional Assessment & Accreditation of Sarojini Naidu Government Girls Post Graduate College Shivaji Nagar Bhopal MP India
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Higher Education has witnessed turbulent changes over the last few decades. On one side is the mushrooming of colleges at every nook of the city, churning out unfinished graduates, on the other side there has been a steady decline in the... more
Higher Education has witnessed turbulent changes over the last few decades. On one side is the mushrooming of colleges at every nook of the city, churning out unfinished graduates, on the other side there has been a steady decline in the educational standards, where academics and values both seems to have taken a back seat.
On a globe, where ICT offers all advanced tools like teleconferencing, e-mail, audio-learning, television classes, interactive voice response system, webinars, etc., to the potential scholars, our undergraduates are still relying on hard copies of notes or exam-ready booklets for easy scores.
The collegiate education system is amazingly stringent and inimical to change. Firstly, the academic decisions are taken at political level and slapped on the educational guild. Secondly, the over-enthusiastic administration is always on-toes to implement the action plan at once, without sensitizing the academic executors & stakeholders. To this, quality initiatives are never roused from within the system ; when introduced from outside, they are resisted ; if imposed, they are ritualized. Therefore, most of the innovations succumb at the very embryonic stage.
We strongly feel that there is an urgent need of active participation from teachers, learners and the society, at large, to express their aptitude and insight with unclouded thoughts and self-awareness. With this framework in mind, the Quality Assurance Cell has organized a One week Capacity Building Program on Quality Sustenance & Faculty Development. The program has been meticulously customized to let the faculty manage their personal, academic, intellectual and fiscal portfolio besides delivering quality in their daily academic and executive pursuits. The upcoming week shall be peppered with a series of Guest Lectures, Group Discussions and Brainstorming Sessions on diverse topics to cherish the veteran minds. Hope the program would bring productive outcome.
On a globe, where ICT offers all advanced tools like teleconferencing, e-mail, audio-learning, television classes, interactive voice response system, webinars, etc., to the potential scholars, our undergraduates are still relying on hard copies of notes or exam-ready booklets for easy scores.
The collegiate education system is amazingly stringent and inimical to change. Firstly, the academic decisions are taken at political level and slapped on the educational guild. Secondly, the over-enthusiastic administration is always on-toes to implement the action plan at once, without sensitizing the academic executors & stakeholders. To this, quality initiatives are never roused from within the system ; when introduced from outside, they are resisted ; if imposed, they are ritualized. Therefore, most of the innovations succumb at the very embryonic stage.
We strongly feel that there is an urgent need of active participation from teachers, learners and the society, at large, to express their aptitude and insight with unclouded thoughts and self-awareness. With this framework in mind, the Quality Assurance Cell has organized a One week Capacity Building Program on Quality Sustenance & Faculty Development. The program has been meticulously customized to let the faculty manage their personal, academic, intellectual and fiscal portfolio besides delivering quality in their daily academic and executive pursuits. The upcoming week shall be peppered with a series of Guest Lectures, Group Discussions and Brainstorming Sessions on diverse topics to cherish the veteran minds. Hope the program would bring productive outcome.
Research Interests:
Sarojini Naidu Government Girls Post Graduate (Autonomous) College, Bhopal is a premier girls college of Central Province - M.P. The college envisages to create new paradigms of progressive, inclusive and ethical education. It is... more
Sarojini Naidu Government Girls Post Graduate (Autonomous) College, Bhopal is a premier girls college of Central Province - M.P. The college envisages to create new paradigms of progressive, inclusive and ethical education. It is committed to empower young women with multi-skill education and prepare them for a responsible and dynamic role in society.
Research Interests:
The Institutional Development Plan .....................The Infrastructure shall be developed one after another, so that Infrastructure demands are met with increasing strength of students. Efforts shall be made to execute the plan as per... more
The Institutional Development Plan .....................The Infrastructure shall be developed one after another, so that Infrastructure demands are met with increasing strength of students. Efforts shall be made to execute the plan as per time-line and if any resource gap exists, funding would be sought from agencies like UGC, Janbhagidari and State Govt. etc............................ Same Strategy would be implemented for enhancing Qualitative and Quantitative Improvement in Research activities, availability of equipments and hard and soft skills.
Research Interests:
Vision: Creating new paradigms of progressive, inclusive and ethical education. Mission: To empower young women with multi-skill education and prepare them for a responsible and dynamic role in society. Objectives: To prepare highly... more
Vision: Creating new paradigms of progressive, inclusive and ethical education.
Mission: To empower young women with multi-skill education and prepare them for a responsible and dynamic role in society.
Objectives:
To prepare highly competent teachers with global standards to serve the community.
• To impart quality education to enlighten, emancipate and empower the teachers.
• To inculcate the right skills, values, positive attitude and environmental values among students.
• To develop self-esteem and self-confidence among the students belonging to weaker sections.
• To equip students with ICT and technical know-how.
• To collaborate with various national and international educational organizations and professional bodies to develop professional learning community.
• To develop the inbuilt abilities of the students by providing them platform to take leading role in different programs, co-curricular activities and teaching learning process.
Mission: To empower young women with multi-skill education and prepare them for a responsible and dynamic role in society.
Objectives:
To prepare highly competent teachers with global standards to serve the community.
• To impart quality education to enlighten, emancipate and empower the teachers.
• To inculcate the right skills, values, positive attitude and environmental values among students.
• To develop self-esteem and self-confidence among the students belonging to weaker sections.
• To equip students with ICT and technical know-how.
• To collaborate with various national and international educational organizations and professional bodies to develop professional learning community.
• To develop the inbuilt abilities of the students by providing them platform to take leading role in different programs, co-curricular activities and teaching learning process.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Sarojini Naidu Government Girls Post Graduate (Autonomous) College, popularly known as Nutan College, is considered as a paradigm of creativity, harbinger of change and a nodal agency for quality sustenance. The College has been a... more
Sarojini Naidu Government Girls Post Graduate (Autonomous) College, popularly known as Nutan College, is considered as a paradigm of creativity, harbinger of change and a nodal agency for quality sustenance. The College has been a forerunner to venture semester system, comprehensive continuous evaluation, non-traditional methods of teaching & learning, inculcation of value system, personality development, career counseling and a fine tuned Tutor Guardian Cell (Mentor’s Club). Thanks to the Nutan fraternity and a galaxy of our graduates who transformed our tiny strides into a great success.
Research Interests:
Sarojini Naidu Government Girls Post Graduate (Autonomous) College, popularly known as Nutan College, with a brilliant record of 46 years, has been an exemplar of creativity and quality sustenance. Owing to its excellence in curricular,... more
Sarojini Naidu Government Girls Post Graduate (Autonomous) College, popularly known as Nutan College, with a brilliant record of 46 years, has been an exemplar of creativity and quality sustenance. Owing to its excellence in curricular, co-curricular and extra-curricular activities, the College stands tall among equals. Acclaimed as one of the best institutes of the state, the College fetched autonomy by UGC and Government of M.P. in 1995-96. Since then, it has made a phenomenal progress in all academic and allied pursuits.
Research Interests:
Sarojini Naidu Government Girls Post Graduate (Autonomous) College, popularly known as Nutan College, with a brilliant record of 45 years, has been an exemplar of creativity and quality sustenance. Owing to its excellence in curricular,... more
Sarojini Naidu Government Girls Post Graduate (Autonomous) College, popularly known as Nutan College, with a brilliant record of 45 years, has been an exemplar of creativity and quality sustenance. Owing to its excellence in curricular, co-curricular and extra-curricular activities, the College stands tall among equals. Acclaimed as one of the best institutes of the state, the College fetched autonomy by UGC and Government of M.P. in 1995-96. Since then, it has made a phenomenal progress in all academic and allied pursuits.
Research Interests:
Most of the Higher Education Institutions generate a plethora of Reports during Institutional Assessment & Accreditation by NAAC. Sarojini Naidu Government Girls Post Graduate Autonomous College Shivaji Nagar Bhopal has developed 22... more
Most of the Higher Education Institutions generate a plethora of Reports during Institutional Assessment & Accreditation by NAAC. Sarojini Naidu Government Girls Post Graduate Autonomous College Shivaji Nagar Bhopal has developed 22 different formats for systematic presentation of all relevant information.
Research Interests:
The College comprises 100 teachers 46 secretarial and administrative staff of regular rolls, whereas, 26 teachers and 47 supportive members on contract basis. Of the 100 permanent teachers, 03 are D. Litt. and 92 are Ph. D. qualified.... more
The College comprises 100 teachers 46 secretarial and administrative staff of regular rolls, whereas, 26 teachers and 47 supportive members on contract basis. Of the 100 permanent teachers, 03 are D. Litt. and 92 are Ph. D. qualified. Forty faculty members are actively involved is research, guiding students and carried out 22 research projects. The College has research facilities of regional as well as national recognition and total number of 257 students from Jammu & Kashmir, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh are registered at 19 departments/research centers of the College. The faculty has 22 books, 08 edited books, 51 chapters and 454 research papers to its credit. Sixteen faculty members are serving on the editorial boards of national and international journals and three teachers are the member of the organizational committee in international conferences.
During the last 5 years, the College has organized more than 30 conferences, seminars and workshops at national, state and College level. The faculty has presented 554 research papers in conferences and seminars at home abroad. They are invited as chairperson underline key-note speaker & experts.
During the last 5 years, the College has organized more than 30 conferences, seminars and workshops at national, state and College level. The faculty has presented 554 research papers in conferences and seminars at home abroad. They are invited as chairperson underline key-note speaker & experts.
Research Interests:
The Revised Assessment and Accreditation Framework, launched in July 2017, represents an explicit Paradigm Shift making the entire process ICT enabled, objective, transparent, measurable and robust. The Shift is: • from qualitative peer... more
The Revised Assessment and Accreditation Framework, launched in July 2017, represents an explicit Paradigm Shift making the entire process ICT enabled, objective, transparent, measurable and robust. The Shift is:
• from qualitative peer judgement to data based quantitative indicator evaluation with increased objectivity and transparency
• towards extensive use of ICT confirming scalability and robustness
• in terms of simplification of the process drastic reduction in number of questions, size of the report, visit days, and so on
• in terms of boosting benchmarking as quality improvement tool.
• introducing Pre-qualifier for peer team visit
• introducing System Generated Scores (SGS) with combination of online evaluation (about 70%) and peer judgement (about 30%)
• in introducing the element of third party validation of data
• in providing appropriate differences in the metrics, weightages and benchmarks to universities, autonomous colleges and affiliated/constituent colleges
• in revising several metrics to bring in enhanced participation of students and alumni in the assessment process
• from qualitative peer judgement to data based quantitative indicator evaluation with increased objectivity and transparency
• towards extensive use of ICT confirming scalability and robustness
• in terms of simplification of the process drastic reduction in number of questions, size of the report, visit days, and so on
• in terms of boosting benchmarking as quality improvement tool.
• introducing Pre-qualifier for peer team visit
• introducing System Generated Scores (SGS) with combination of online evaluation (about 70%) and peer judgement (about 30%)
• in introducing the element of third party validation of data
• in providing appropriate differences in the metrics, weightages and benchmarks to universities, autonomous colleges and affiliated/constituent colleges
• in revising several metrics to bring in enhanced participation of students and alumni in the assessment process
Research Interests:
The present report is a humble submission of information pertaining to our College for assessment and accreditation. It is not a more plethora of achievements; rather, it is revelation of a path we have adhered to. Let us invite you to... more
The present report is a humble submission of information pertaining to our College for assessment and accreditation. It is not a more plethora of achievements; rather, it is revelation of a path we have adhered to. Let us invite you to reel through the pages and be a part of our legacy.
Dr. H.K. Garg, Coordinator, NAAC & IQAC
Dr. H.K. Garg, Coordinator, NAAC & IQAC
Research Interests:
Sarojini Naidu Government Girls Post Graduate (Autonomous) College, popularly known as Nutan College, is considered as a paradigm of creativity, harbinger of change and a nodal agency for quality sustenance. The College has been a... more
Sarojini Naidu Government Girls Post Graduate (Autonomous) College, popularly known as Nutan College, is considered as a paradigm of creativity, harbinger of change and a nodal agency for quality sustenance. The College has been a forerunner to venture semester system, comprehensive continuous evaluation, non-traditional methods of teaching & learning, inculcation of value system, personality development, career counseling and a fine tuned Tutor Guardian Cell (Mentor’s Club). Thanks to the Nutan fraternity and a galaxy of our graduates who transformed our tiny strides into a great success.
Sarojini Naidu Government Girls Post Graduate (Autonomous) College, popularly known as Nutan College, with a brilliant record of 45 years, has been an exemplar of creativity and quality sustenance. Owing to its excellence in curricular,... more
Sarojini Naidu Government Girls Post Graduate (Autonomous) College, popularly known as Nutan College, with a brilliant record of 45 years, has been an exemplar of creativity and quality sustenance. Owing to its excellence in curricular, co-curricular and extra-curricular activities, the College stands tall among equals. Acclaimed as one of the best institutes of the state, the College fetched autonomy by UGC and Government of M.P. in 1995-96. Since then, it has made a phenomenal progress in all academic and allied pursuits.
Research Interests:
The Quality Assurance Cell has organized a One week Capacity Building Program on Quality Sustenance & Faculty Development. The program has been meticulously customized to let the faculty manage their personal, academic, intellectual and... more
The Quality Assurance Cell has organized a One week Capacity Building Program on Quality Sustenance & Faculty Development. The program has been meticulously customized to let the faculty manage their personal, academic, intellectual and fiscal portfolio besides delivering quality in their daily academic and executive pursuits. The upcoming week shall be peppered with a series of Guest Lectures, Group Discussions and Brainstorming Sessions on diverse topics to cherish the veteran minds. Hope the program would bring productive outcome.
Research Interests:
The online Templates are given for submitting data with respect to Quantitative Metrics (QnM). For each Quantitative Metric the kinds of data to be uploaded are indicated in tabular form and/ or documents required are listed. • Documents... more
The online Templates are given for submitting data with respect to Quantitative Metrics (QnM). For each Quantitative Metric the kinds of data to be uploaded are indicated in tabular form and/ or documents required are listed.
• Documents such as minutes of meeting, decisions, statements of accounts, award letters, letters of appointments, etc., need to be uploaded as required; wherever these are in bulk, hyperlinks to the appropriate website be given.
• There could be some variation in the metrics from the QIF; this is due to rendering it to the IT format for online submission.
• Documents such as minutes of meeting, decisions, statements of accounts, award letters, letters of appointments, etc., need to be uploaded as required; wherever these are in bulk, hyperlinks to the appropriate website be given.
• There could be some variation in the metrics from the QIF; this is due to rendering it to the IT format for online submission.
Research Interests:
Institute for Excellence in Higher Education, Bhopal is considered as a paradigm of creativity, harbinger of change and a nodal agency for quality sustenance. The Institute has been a forerunner to venture semester system, comprehensive... more
Institute for Excellence in Higher Education, Bhopal is considered as a paradigm of creativity, harbinger of change and a nodal agency for quality sustenance. The Institute has been a forerunner to venture semester system, comprehensive continuous evaluation, non-traditional methods of teaching & learning, inculcation of value system, personality development, career counseling and a fine tuned Tutor Guardian Cell (Mentor’s Club). Thanks to the IEHE fraternity and a galaxy of our graduates who transformed our tiny strides into a great success.
Research Interests:
Question Bank pertaining to Skill Enhancement Course - 585: Computational Tools for Biotechnology offered by Institute for Excellence in Higher Education, Bhopal.
Research Interests:
This presentation provides an overview of the first module within Skill Enhancement Course - 585, titled "Computational Tools for Biotechnology." The course is under the guidance of Dr. H.K. Garg, Professor at the Institute for Excellence... more
This presentation provides an overview of the first module within Skill Enhancement Course - 585, titled "Computational Tools for Biotechnology." The course is under the guidance of Dr. H.K. Garg, Professor at the Institute for Excellence in Higher Education, Bhopal, India.
Research Interests:
A novel approach to treat , cure, or prevent a disease by changing the expression of genes. The therapy offers a promising approach to treat a range of diseases including cancer, inherited diseases and certain viral infections.
The most common form of gene therapy involves insertion of a normal gene into a nonspecific location within the genome to replace a nonfunctional gene.
RFLP is a technique that exploits variations in homologous DNA sequences, known as polymorphisms, in order to distinguish individuals, populations, or species to pinpoint the locations of genes within a sequence.
Hybridoma technology involves specialized glycoprotein, produced from activated B cells (plasma cells) in response to an antigen. An antibody, also known as immunoglobin, is a large, Y shaped protein used by the immune system to identify... more
Hybridoma technology involves specialized glycoprotein, produced from activated B cells (plasma cells) in response to an antigen. An antibody, also known as immunoglobin, is a large, Y shaped protein used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign object such as pathogenic bacteria and virus.
Polymerase chain reaction ■ In vitro technique of generating large copies of specific DNA sequence.
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique used to make millions of copies of a particular section of DNA. It was first developed in the 1980s.
Maxam Gilbert Sequencing, also known as chemical sequencing, grew out of studies of the interaction between Lac repressor and lac operator in vitro. DNA is radio-labelled at one end is partially cleaved in five different chemical... more
Maxam Gilbert Sequencing, also known as chemical sequencing, grew out of studies of the interaction between Lac repressor and lac operator in vitro. DNA is radio-labelled at one end is partially cleaved in five different chemical reactions, and these are specific for each base.
Expression library is a collection of DNA molecules that can express en masse through enzymatic methods. The DNA sequence within the library can be of natural or synthetic origin.
The term library refers to a population of organism, each of which carries a DNA molecule inserted into a cloning vector, or alternatively to the collection of all of the cloned vector molecules.
Virus are very small (submicroscopic) infectious particles (virion) composed of a protein coat and a nucleic acid core. They carry genetic information encoded in their nucleic acid, which typically specifies two or more proteins.
Cloning vector is a small piece of DNA into which a foreign DNA can be inserted for cloning purposes. A vector is a DNA molecule that is used to carry a foreign DNA into the host cell. It has ability to self replicate and integrate into... more
Cloning vector is a small piece of DNA into which a foreign DNA can be inserted for cloning purposes.
A vector is a DNA molecule that is used to carry a foreign DNA into the host cell. It has ability to self replicate and integrate into the host cell.
A vector is a DNA molecule that is used to carry a foreign DNA into the host cell. It has ability to self replicate and integrate into the host cell.
DNA fragments generated by restriction enzymes can be join back together by DNA ligase. The reaction requires energy, which is provided by adenosine tri phosphate (ATP) or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)depending on the type of... more
DNA fragments generated by restriction enzymes can be join back together by DNA ligase. The reaction requires energy, which is provided by adenosine tri phosphate (ATP) or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)depending on the type of ligase that is being used.
The most widely used DNA ligase obtained from E.coli infected with T4 bacteriophage. Its role is to synthesize phosphor-di-ester bond between the 3-hydroxyl of one DNA terminus with 5-phosphoryl of another.
The most widely used DNA ligase obtained from E.coli infected with T4 bacteriophage. Its role is to synthesize phosphor-di-ester bond between the 3-hydroxyl of one DNA terminus with 5-phosphoryl of another.
Restriction enzymes and DNA ligases represent the cutting and joining functions in DNA manipulation. All other enzymes involved in genetic engineering fall under the broad category of enzymes known as DNA modifying enzymes. These enzymes... more
Restriction enzymes and DNA ligases represent the cutting and joining functions in DNA manipulation. All other enzymes involved in genetic engineering fall under the broad category of enzymes known as DNA modifying enzymes. These enzymes are involved in the degradation, synthesis and alteration of the nucleic acids.
Transcriptome is a complete set of mRNA transcripts produced by the genome at any one time. All the cells of an organism contain same genome but the transcriptome varies considerably in different cells at different circumstances due to... more
Transcriptome is a complete set of mRNA transcripts produced by the genome at any one time.
All the cells of an organism contain same genome but the transcriptome varies considerably in different cells at different circumstances due to different patterns of gene expression.
All the cells of an organism contain same genome but the transcriptome varies considerably in different cells at different circumstances due to different patterns of gene expression.
The hereditary organization i.e. DNA of an organism is composed of a sequence of four nucleotides in a specific pattern, which encode information as a function of their order. Organisms have a vast array of ways in which their respective... more
The hereditary organization i.e. DNA of an organism is composed of a sequence of four nucleotides in a specific pattern, which encode information as a function of their order.
Organisms have a vast array of ways in which their respective genomes are organized.
Organisms have a vast array of ways in which their respective genomes are organized.
It is the process of synthesis of protein by encoding information on mRNA. Protein synthesis requires mRNA, tRNA, aminoacids, ribosomes and enzyme aminoacyl tRNA synthase.
Gene expression is the process by which information from one gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product that enable it to produce protein as the end product. The mechanism followed by gene expression are transcription and... more
Gene expression is the process by which information from one gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product that enable it to produce protein as the end product.
The mechanism followed by gene expression are transcription and translation.
The mechanism followed by gene expression are transcription and translation.
Can be classified on the basis of : Arrangement of cells, Body symmetry, Nature of coelom, Patterns of digestion, Circulatory system, Reproduction and Notochord. Notochord (iz 'Bna M)-A rod like cord, supports the body, forms axial... more
Can be classified on the basis of : Arrangement of cells, Body symmetry, Nature of coelom, Patterns of digestion, Circulatory system, Reproduction and Notochord. Notochord (iz 'Bna M)-A rod like cord, supports the body, forms axial skeleton of vertebrates.
Institute for excellence in higher education • Topic-general classification and characteristics of chordates
The muscles can be only as effective as their circulation permits them to be. For each cell in a muscle, the streaming of blood in nearby capillaries is a lifeline for resupply with O2 and other necessities, the rate of O2 supply to the... more
The muscles can be only as effective as their circulation permits them to be. For each cell in a muscle, the streaming of blood in nearby capillaries is a lifeline for resupply with O2 and other necessities, the rate of O2 supply to the muscles by the circulation helps determine whether a person can perform a job requiring hard manual labor. In addition to the transport of commodities such as O2, the circulatory system also performs other vital functions. Blood pressure is used to initiate the formation of urine. Most multicellular organisms with specialized cells need some form of internal transport to move important molecules (and often cells) from one tissue to another in a reasonable amount of time. Transported molecules in animals include gases, nutrients, wastes, and hormones. Heat may also be usefully transported, especially in endothermic animals ("warm-blooded" ones such as birds and mammals that regulate body temperature via internal heat production), but also in some ectothermic animals