Joanna Dec-Pietrowska

Medical humanities (MH) courses are a critical element of the medical curriculum influencing the establishment of a physician in the medical profession. However, the opinion about MH among medical students remains unknown. Interviews from seven focus groups were analysed. The students attended one of three Polish medical schools in Gdansk, Krakow, and Warsaw and were recruited to the discussion focused on the impact of drug manufacturers’ presence at medical universities on socialization in the medical profession. Thematic analysis was conducted using the theoretical framework of social constructivism. The students’ opinions about the MH classes arose during the analysis. In six groups, students thought that MH courses would be helpful in their future medical practice. However, in four groups, different opinion was expressed that MH courses were unnecessary or even “a waste of time”. Factors discouraging students from the MH classes included poorly taught courses (monotonous, uninte...

Medical humanity is an essential element of medical education, and the respective courses are introduced to the curricula of medical schools worldwide. However, significant differences in this type of medical education were identified in Italy, Spain, and the UK. In Poland, this issue was not yet analyzed. The classes offered on a compulsory and not elective basis secure the uniform skills of future physicians. Therefore, we were prompted to ask a question: do Polish medical students receive equal compulsory education in medical humanities? To answer that question, we performed a content analysis of mandatory classes’ frequency, types, and content on medical humanization and communication in Polish medical schools. The study used publicly available information provided on the home pages of the universities to perform content and comparative analyses. Of 22 identified universities, 15 had publicly listed teaching programs, and nine had freely available syllabi. The names and types of...

W tekście omówiono funkcjonujące w kulturze współczesnego Zachodu modele męskości. Zaprezentowane zostały również ustalenia badawcze odnoszące się do dwóch problemów: 1. Jaki obraz chłopca i mężczyzny prezentują wybrane podręczniki do WDŻ? Co się mówi i jak się mówi o chłopcu/mężczyźnie w wybranych podręcznikach do WDŻ? 2. Jaki model męskości prezentowany jest w wybranych podręcznikach do WDŻ? W analizie danych zastanych zastosowano strategie jakościowej analizy treści. Analiza przekazu dotyczącego męskości dotyczyła koncepcji modeli socjalizacji (tradycyjny, mieszany, egalitarny). Z kolei analiza języka koncentrowała się na symbolicznym przypisywaniu danej płci odpowiednich cech i stałych, niezmiennych predyspozycji. Badania projektowano w perspektywie gender i kategoria płci społeczno-kulturowej była podstawowym kryterium analitycznym. Przeanalizowano siedem podręczników i ćwiczeń do przedmiotu wychowanie do życia w rodzinie na poziomie szkoły podstawowej i ponadgimnazjalnej. Real...

HIV is a growing public health problem in Europe, with men-having-sex-with-men and migrants from endemic regions as the most affected key populations. More evidence on effective behavioral interventions to reduce sexual risk is needed. This article describes the systematic development of a theory-guided computer-assisted safer sex intervention, aiming at supporting people living with HIV in sexual risk reduction. We applied the Intervention Mapping (IM) protocol to develop this counseling intervention in the framework of a European multicenter study. We conducted a needs assessment guided by the information-motivation-behavioral (IMB) skills model, formulated change objectives and selected theory-based methods and practical strategies, i.e. interactive computer-assisted modules as supporting tools for provider-delivered counseling. Theoretical foundations were the IMB skills model, social cognitive theory and the transtheoretical model, complemented by dual process models of affecti...

There is a discrepancy between the educational needs and the opportunities to obtain reliable knowledge about sexuality in adolescence. This study aimed to assess the conjunctive influence of family and school in shaping this knowledge. Methods: Data were collected retrospectively within a cross-sectional survey conducted in Poland in 2017 (18–26 yrs; N = 595). The respondents’ experiences in terms of the presence and quality of sexuality education (SE) at school and in conversations with parents about related issues were considered. Results: Of all the respondents, 31.1% had no sexuality education classes in school or rated them as useless, 41.5% never discussed sexuality-related topics with parents and both were true for 17.6%. Puberty and contraception were most frequently discussed with parents, while sexual pleasure and masturbation were discussed least frequently. The diversity of topics taken up with parents and the possibility of discussions with mothers turned out to be the...

Zagadnienia ludzkiej seksualności są niezwykle ważnym obszarem działalności edukacyjnej i wychowawczej, a potrzeby w zakresie edukacji seksualnej wydają się obecnie bezdyskusyjne. Ta konieczność wynika z szeregu współczesnych zjawisk społecznych, wśród których należy wymienić przede wszystkim przekształcanie się nowoczesnych ludzkich zbiorowości w społeczeństwa informatyczne (informacyjne). Przejawia się to w natychmiastowym i nieograniczonym dostępie do wielu źródeł wiedzy, przy jednoczesnym problemie z weryfikowaniem ich jakości i prawdziwości, a także w wysokim ryzyku natrafienia na treści szkodliwe i niebezpieczne. Nie bez znaczenia jest także zjawisko seksualizacji dzieci, rozumiane jako nadawanie im cech osób dojrzałych i atrakcyjnych seksualnie, przy jednoczesnym sprowadzaniu wartości osoby wyłącznie do jej fizyczności i wyglądu. Oprócz tego w sferze publicznej są obecne dwa dyskursy o edukacji seksualnej (konserwatywny i liberalny), silnie spolaryzowane i wzajemnie się wyklu...

Artykuł jest prezentacją fragmentu badań doświadczeń zawodowych doradców pracujących jako streetworkerzy. Pomysł na tego rodzaju analizę zrodził się z chęci poznania świata osób zajmujących się pomaganiem osobom marginalizowanym w specyficznych, pozainstytucjonalnych warunkach. Artykuł przybliża czytelnikom refleksje streetworkerów na temat znaczenia, jakie ta praca wywarła na ich postrzeganie siebie, świata innych ludzi, osobistą i zawodową tożsamość. Prezentowany materiał jest elementem szerszych badań nad poradnictwem z wykorzystaniem metody streetworkingu. Ukazane zostały tu wyniki pierwszego ich etapu. Realizowano je strategią jakościową z zastosowaniem wywiadu pogłębionego. Koncepcja streetworkingu jako formy docierania z zewnątrz i pomocy pozainstytucjonalnej oraz koncepcja uczenia się przez doświadczenie były głównymi odniesieniami teoretycznymi prowadzonej analizy. Badani wskazywali, że doświadczenie streetworkingu przyczyniło się nie tylko do zmiany ich pewnych cech osobow...

Summary HIV is a growing public health problem in Europe, with men-having-sex-with-men and migrants from endemic regions as the most affected key populations. More evidence on effective behavioral interventions to reduce sexual risk is needed. This article describes the systematic development of a theoryguided computer-assisted safer sex intervention, aiming at supporting people living with HIV in sexual risk reduction. We applied the Intervention Mapping (IM) protocol to develop this counseling intervention in the framework of a European multicenter study. We conducted a needs assessment guided by the information-motivation-behavioral (IMB) skills model, formulated change objectives and selected theory-based methods and practical strategies, i.e. interactive computer-assisted modules as supporting tools for provider-delivered counseling. Theoretical foundations were the IMB skills model, social cognitive theory and the transtheoretical model, complemented by dual process models of ...

The pronouncement shall concern the presentation of findings the all-Polish research project "Gender in Textbooks". The aim of the study was to recognize femininity and masculinity patterns and gender roles expectations existed in sexuality education textbooks. The research perspective and analysis categories were defined by the gender concept, which was the condition of the manner of planning the research and analyzing the findings. Following West and Zimmerman we have assumed that sex is a specific basis overlapped by social interpretations and defining some features and behaviours as feminine or masculine is socially conditioned and changeable with reference to time and culture. The research was focused upon the following questions: How woman and men are presented in sexual education textbooks? Do this messages take into account the variety of the manners of being a woman and man? How is the femininity and masculinity defined and what meanings are they given in the cont...

Sumário: Este artigo diz respeito aos contextos de construção da sexualidade da mulher e do homem nos conteúdos de livros de educação sexual polacos. Os investigadores tentaram apurar como as mulheres e os homens são apresentados nos livros de educação sexual no contexto da sexualidade, e se os livros têm em conta a variedade de comportamentos da mulher e do homem. A análise inclui todos os manuais de educação sexual aprovados para o ensino pelo Ministério da Educação Nacional entre os anos 2013 e 2015. Métodos qualitativos foram aplicados na pesquisa. A análise às publicações mostraram a polarização de opiniões sobre necessidades sexuais e comportamentos das mulheres e homens, e oposição específica à imagem apresentada da vida sexual. Palavras-chave: género, sexualidade, educação sexual, livros de educação sexual

Abstract Objectives: A discourse analysis was carried out to identify how women's reproductive rights and needs are reflected in pro-life and pro-choice public debate in Poland. Methods: The research procedure was based on the need to answer the question: how do pro-life and pro-choice discourses define women's reproductive rights in Poland (including the right to abortion)? Discourse analysis was applied to answer this question. The analysis covered materials published in rightist-conservative and leftist-feminist social-political portals and in popular media during the period 2009–2014, when the so-called ‘abortion compromise’ was in force, and the period 2016–2017, when a proposal for an absolute ban on abortion caused women to protest throughout Poland. Results: Our research showed that construction of the analysed discourses is of a processual nature. Owing to social changes, both discourses have become strongly radicalised. The rightist-conservative discourse is emotional and criticising, restricting women's rights to the benefit of the rights of the fetus. The leftist-feminist view is oriented towards emphasising freedom of choice and observing women's rights. Conclusion: The pro-life movement’s discourse may be defined as promoting the restriction of women’s reproductive rights, while leftist-feminist discourse may be seen as promoting women’s reproductive rights. Keywords: Discourse analysis, pro-choice discourse, pro-life discourse, reproductive rights in Poland, women's rights

HIV is a growing public health problem in Europe, with men-having-sex-with-men and migrants from endemic regions as the most affected key populations. More evidence on effective behavioral interventions to reduce sexual risk is needed. This article describes the systematic development of a theoryguided computer-assisted safer sex intervention, aiming at supporting people living with HIV in sexual risk reduction. We applied the Intervention Mapping (IM) protocol to develop this counseling intervention in the framework of a European multicenter study. We conducted a needs assessment guided by the information–motivation–behavioral (IMB) skills model, formulated change objectives and selected theory-based methods and practical strategies, i.e. interactive computer-assisted modules as supporting tools for provider-delivered counseling. Theoretical foundations were the IMB skills model, social cognitive theory and the transtheoretical model, complemented by dual process models of affectiv...

HIV is a growing public health problem in Europe, with men-having-sex-with-men and migrants from endemic regions as the most affected key populations. More evidence on effective behavioral interventions to reduce sexual risk is needed. This article describes the systematic development of a theoryguided computer-assisted safer sex intervention, aiming at supporting people living with HIV in sexual risk reduction. We applied the Intervention Mapping (IM) protocol to develop this counseling intervention in the framework of a European multicenter study. We conducted a needs assessment guided by the information–motivation–behavioral (IMB) skills model, formulated change objectives and selected theory-based methods and practical strategies, i.e. interactive computer-assisted modules as supporting tools for provider-delivered counseling. Theoretical foundations were the IMB skills model, social cognitive theory and the transtheoretical model, complemented by dual process models of affectiv...