A retrospective study was conducted among 205 children chosen from a group of 2728 children hospi... more A retrospective study was conducted among 205 children chosen from a group of 2728 children hospitalised in Neuroinfection Department of the John Paul 2nd Hospital In Cracow between 1/1/2002 and 6/30/2004. The data was taken from medical documentation from the Neuroinfection Department and Province Dispensary of Inoculation in the Hospital. Patients was divided into two groups: first one contained children from group of increased risk, patients hospitalised electively in the Dispensary to be under observation in hospital environment on day of execution of inoculation; and second one contained children sent to the Neuroinfection Department from other institutions in consequence of showed symptoms of adverse event following immunization (AEFI) Within both groups' causes of hospitalisation was determined and given types of vaccinations was qualified as the most often cause of hospitalisation. It appeared that predominantly cause of hospitalisation was misgivings about course of the...
patients treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) lose immune memory accumulat... more patients treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) lose immune memory accumulated through a lifetime. They are at increased risk of developing infections with microorganisms such as Haemophilus influenza, Streptococcus pneumoniae and others for which vaccines are available. Therefore, all patients after HSCT should be routinely revaccinated. Systemic reimmunization after HSCT is a relatively neglected area especially in countries which have not national recommendations and there is lack of systemic regulations in health care system. the rate of immunization before transplantation and the persistence of vaccine-specific antibodies after HSCT was assessed. a group of38 children after stem cell transplantation (19 autologous, 19 allogeneic) was studied. only a few patients completed standard vaccination protocol before HSCT. At the median time of 29 (range: 6-67) months after autologous and 13 (range: 8-33) months after allogeneic HSCT, when the revaccination was comm...
Controversies on vaccinations refer to two fundamentally different areas. The public contestation... more Controversies on vaccinations refer to two fundamentally different areas. The public contestation refers first of all to the objective need, efficiencies and the safety of vaccinations. Results of reliable research and their metaanalyses published over the recent years confirmed none of claimed by antivaccinists dispraise including causalities among the vaccination and the autism, autoimmune or allergic diseases. The second area, wherein one observes disagreements on the subject of vaccinations, is discussions on of the efficiency of each vaccine, schemata of vaccinations, or else economic advantages from their usage. Result these discussions is the progress in the optimization of schemata, efficiencies and safeties of vaccinations. The more and more greater attention it goes at the standardization of the definition of events and the supervision over undesirable connected symptoms with the usage of vaccinations.
The immunological system of premature newborns /preterm infants/ is a special challenge for speci... more The immunological system of premature newborns /preterm infants/ is a special challenge for specialists in infectious diseases prevention. The early beginning of immunization in this group is relevant to the necessity of the protection of the premature newborns, who have weaker immunity for infectious diseases than the group of infants born at term. But on the other hand there is justified fear for weaker protection and appearance of unexpected adverse events after immunization in this group of infants. In the review of medical literature covering these problems special attention was paid to the postimmunization response of premature newborns and to the antigens of the following diseases: tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis, poliomyelitis and pneumococci. Such factors as corticotherapy, blood transfusion or blood products may influence the immunization response. We also assessed the safety of immunisation for this group of high risk infants.
The combined vaccine against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis containing the whole cell componen... more The combined vaccine against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis containing the whole cell component of pertussis (DPTw) is characterized by high effectiveness but is also one of the most reactogenic vaccines. Adverse events following this vaccine includes a hypotonic-hyporesponsive episode, however this episode is not well known to general practitioners and pediatricians, so the data about its incidence are not reliable. The aim of this study was to characterize the clinical features of HHE following DTPw vaccine, to estimate the ability to diagnose this syndrome by GPs and pediatricians and to assess the registration system of HHE in Poland. The studied group consisted of 49 children, patients of the Regional Consultation Polyclinic in Kraków in the years 1997-2002, in whom HHE was diagnosed. The following were analysed: sex and age, interval between vaccination and HHE, relationship to the number of DTPw doses, duration of HHE and, based on the referral, the diagnosis made by a GP....
Adres do korespondencji/Address for correspondence: Klinika Pediatrii Centrum, Medyczne Kształcen... more Adres do korespondencji/Address for correspondence: Klinika Pediatrii Centrum, Medyczne Kształcenia, Podyplomowego ul. Marymoncka 99/10 01-813 Warszawa. Tel.:/fax. +22 864 11 67. ... No abstract is available. To read the body of this article, please view the Full Text ...
Children aged 11 to &... more Children aged 11 to <24 months received 2 intranasal doses of live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) or placebo, 35+/-7 days apart. Dose 1 was administered concomitantly with a combined measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (Priorix). Seroresponses to measles and mumps were similar between groups. Compared with placebo, response rates to rubella in LAIV+Priorix recipients were statistically lower at a 15 IU/mL threshold (83.9% vs 78.0%) and the prespecified noninferiority criteria were not met. In a post hoc analysis using an alternate widely accepted threshold of 10 IU/mL, the noninferiority criteria were met (93.4% vs 89.8%). Concomitant administration with Priorix did not affect the overall influenza protection rate of LAIV (78.4% and 63.8% against antigenically similar influenza strains and any strain, respectively).
Streszczenie W dniach 24 lutego i 24 marca 2011 roku w Warszawie odbyły się dwa spotkania robocze... more Streszczenie W dniach 24 lutego i 24 marca 2011 roku w Warszawie odbyły się dwa spotkania robocze polskiej Grupy Ekspertów* pod wspólnym tytułem „Nowe możliwości stosowania pediatrycznych szczepionek zawierających DTPa”. Podczas obu konferencji ...
Children aged 11 to &... more Children aged 11 to <24 months received 2 intranasal doses of live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) or placebo, 35+/-7 days apart. Dose 1 was administered concomitantly with a combined measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (Priorix). Seroresponses to measles and mumps were similar between groups. Compared with placebo, response rates to rubella in LAIV+Priorix recipients were statistically lower at a 15 IU/mL threshold (83.9% vs 78.0%) and the prespecified noninferiority criteria were not met. In a post hoc analysis using an alternate widely accepted threshold of 10 IU/mL, the noninferiority criteria were met (93.4% vs 89.8%). Concomitant administration with Priorix did not affect the overall influenza protection rate of LAIV (78.4% and 63.8% against antigenically similar influenza strains and any strain, respectively).
We conducted a phase 3 randomized controlled trial looking at the immunogenicity and safety of a ... more We conducted a phase 3 randomized controlled trial looking at the immunogenicity and safety of a novel combined Haemophilus influenzae type b and Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine, Hib-MenC-TT in a 2-, 3-, and 4-month primary infant immunization schedule. SBA MenC titers > or =1:8 and anti-PRP concentrations > or =0.15 microg/mL were measured in 99.2% and 100%, respectively, of the infants receiving Hib-MenC-TT.
The immunogenicity of the 10-valent pneumococcal nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae protein D-con... more The immunogenicity of the 10-valent pneumococcal nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae protein D-conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV) was assessed and compared with the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (7vCRM). Healthy subjects (1650) were randomized to be vaccinated with 3 doses of PHiD-CV or 7vCRM (Prevenar/Prevnar) at 2-3-4 months of age and a fourth booster dose at 12-18 months. Serotype-specific pneumococcal responses (GlaxoSmithKline's ELISA with 22F-inhibition) and opsonophagocytic activity (OPA) were measured 1 month after primary and booster vaccinations. The primary objective to demonstrate noninferiority of PHiD-CV versus 7vCRM (in terms of percentage of subjects with antibody concentration >or=0.2 microg/mL) for at least 7 of the 10 vaccine serotypes was reached as noninferiority was demonstrated for 8 serotypes. Although, noninferiority could not be demonstrated for ELISA responses against serotypes 6B and 23F, a post-hoc analysis of the percentage of subjects with OPA titers >or=8 suggested noninferiority for the 7 serotypes common to both vaccines including 6B and 23F.Priming of the immune system against all vaccine serotypes was confirmed by robust increases in ELISA antibody levels ( approximately 6.0-17 fold) and OPA titers ( approximately 8-93 fold) after a fourth consecutive dose of PHiD-CV. PHiD-CV induces ELISA and functional OPA antibodies for all vaccine serotypes after primary vaccination and is noninferior to 7vCRM in terms of ELISA and/or OPA threshold responses. Effective priming is further indicated by robust booster responses.
The thirteen valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13, Prevenar 13(TM)) is the broader covera... more The thirteen valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13, Prevenar 13(TM)) is the broader coverage successor to the highly effective seven valent vaccine (PCV7, Prevenar(TM)) which has reduced rates of pneumococcal disease in many countries. Despite the success of PCV7, pneumococcal disease due to non-PCV7 serotypes remains a threat in many settings, in particular many developing countries with a high burden of pneumococcal disease where serotype 1 and 5 are among the most common serotypes. Disease due to certain non-PCV7 serotypes, in particular serotype 19A has also begun to increase in incidence in countries with widespread use of PCV7. PCV13 consists of thirteen pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides individually conjugated to the diphtheria-derived protein carrier CRM(197). In addition to serotypes 4, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F and 23F included in PCV7, PCV13 also includes serotypes 1, 3, 5, 6A, 7F and 19A. PCV13 was licensed on the basis of non-inferiority trials and has proved to b...
To study the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a combined Haemophilus influenzae type b and Ne... more To study the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a combined Haemophilus influenzae type b and Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine (Hib-MenC-TT) when administered as a booster dose in combination with a measles, mumps and rubella vaccine (MMR). A phase 3 open randomised controlled trial. One centre in Oxford, UK and nine centres in Poland. 12-15-month-old healthy children. In the primary stage of the study 500 healthy 6-12-week-old infants were randomised in a 3:1 ratio to receive Hib-MenC-TT+DTPa-IPV or MenC-CRM197 vaccine+DTPa-IPV-Hib. In the booster stage, 476 participants (190 in the UK and 286 in Poland) were vaccinated with Hib-MenC-TT and MMR. The proportion of children with protective serum antibody levels against MenC and Hib 6 weeks following a Hib-MenC-TT booster dose. The co-primary objectives were met: the Hib-MenC-TT booster dose induced protective antibody titres in children vaccinated with Hib-MenC-TT+DTPa-IPV or MenC-CRM197+DTPa-IPV-Hib at 2, 3 and 4 months of age. 94.8% (lower limit of (LL) 95% CI 92.4) of participants had rSBA-MenC >or=1:128 and 100% (LL 95% CI 99.2) achieved anti-PRP concentrations >or=1.0 microg/ml. The percentage of toddlers with a post boost rSBA-MenC of 1:128 was significantly higher after priming with Hib-MenC-TT (97.7%) than after MenC-CRM197 (86%) (difference: 11.7%; 95% CI 6.2 to 19.4). The waning antibody titres against Hib and MenC following primary immunisation can be boosted to protective levels by administering the Hib-MenC-TT vaccine at 12-15 months of age, supporting the recent introduction of this vaccine in the UK immunisation schedule to sustain protection of children against Hib and MenC disease. NCT00258700. Study ID: 103974 (http://clinicaltrials.gov).
The aim of the study was the evaluation of safety and efficacy of vaccination in children after s... more The aim of the study was the evaluation of safety and efficacy of vaccination in children after stem cell transplantation. 21 patients, 1.4-22 (average 7.8) years old, 13 boys and 8 girls after autologous (11-52%) and allogeneic (10-48%) transplantation were included in the vaccination protocol. Indications for transplantation were: neoplastic disease--16, immunodeficiencies--3 and aplastic anaemia 2 cases. Time between transplantation and beginning of vaccination protocol was 0.8-4 (average 1.5) years. Vaccination protocol was constructed on the basis of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation indications. We have evaluated: (1) quality of recipient immune reconstitution and protection against common pathogens (2) immunogenicity of revaccination schedule; (3) safety of the vaccination programme. With the exception of one patient presenting with repeated fever, lymph node enlargement, muscle and joint pain, no important side effects were observed. Meningococcial meni...
A retrospective study was conducted among 205 children chosen from a group of 2728 children hospi... more A retrospective study was conducted among 205 children chosen from a group of 2728 children hospitalised in Neuroinfection Department of the John Paul 2nd Hospital In Cracow between 1/1/2002 and 6/30/2004. The data was taken from medical documentation from the Neuroinfection Department and Province Dispensary of Inoculation in the Hospital. Patients was divided into two groups: first one contained children from group of increased risk, patients hospitalised electively in the Dispensary to be under observation in hospital environment on day of execution of inoculation; and second one contained children sent to the Neuroinfection Department from other institutions in consequence of showed symptoms of adverse event following immunization (AEFI) Within both groups' causes of hospitalisation was determined and given types of vaccinations was qualified as the most often cause of hospitalisation. It appeared that predominantly cause of hospitalisation was misgivings about course of the...
patients treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) lose immune memory accumulat... more patients treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) lose immune memory accumulated through a lifetime. They are at increased risk of developing infections with microorganisms such as Haemophilus influenza, Streptococcus pneumoniae and others for which vaccines are available. Therefore, all patients after HSCT should be routinely revaccinated. Systemic reimmunization after HSCT is a relatively neglected area especially in countries which have not national recommendations and there is lack of systemic regulations in health care system. the rate of immunization before transplantation and the persistence of vaccine-specific antibodies after HSCT was assessed. a group of38 children after stem cell transplantation (19 autologous, 19 allogeneic) was studied. only a few patients completed standard vaccination protocol before HSCT. At the median time of 29 (range: 6-67) months after autologous and 13 (range: 8-33) months after allogeneic HSCT, when the revaccination was comm...
Controversies on vaccinations refer to two fundamentally different areas. The public contestation... more Controversies on vaccinations refer to two fundamentally different areas. The public contestation refers first of all to the objective need, efficiencies and the safety of vaccinations. Results of reliable research and their metaanalyses published over the recent years confirmed none of claimed by antivaccinists dispraise including causalities among the vaccination and the autism, autoimmune or allergic diseases. The second area, wherein one observes disagreements on the subject of vaccinations, is discussions on of the efficiency of each vaccine, schemata of vaccinations, or else economic advantages from their usage. Result these discussions is the progress in the optimization of schemata, efficiencies and safeties of vaccinations. The more and more greater attention it goes at the standardization of the definition of events and the supervision over undesirable connected symptoms with the usage of vaccinations.
The immunological system of premature newborns /preterm infants/ is a special challenge for speci... more The immunological system of premature newborns /preterm infants/ is a special challenge for specialists in infectious diseases prevention. The early beginning of immunization in this group is relevant to the necessity of the protection of the premature newborns, who have weaker immunity for infectious diseases than the group of infants born at term. But on the other hand there is justified fear for weaker protection and appearance of unexpected adverse events after immunization in this group of infants. In the review of medical literature covering these problems special attention was paid to the postimmunization response of premature newborns and to the antigens of the following diseases: tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis, poliomyelitis and pneumococci. Such factors as corticotherapy, blood transfusion or blood products may influence the immunization response. We also assessed the safety of immunisation for this group of high risk infants.
The combined vaccine against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis containing the whole cell componen... more The combined vaccine against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis containing the whole cell component of pertussis (DPTw) is characterized by high effectiveness but is also one of the most reactogenic vaccines. Adverse events following this vaccine includes a hypotonic-hyporesponsive episode, however this episode is not well known to general practitioners and pediatricians, so the data about its incidence are not reliable. The aim of this study was to characterize the clinical features of HHE following DTPw vaccine, to estimate the ability to diagnose this syndrome by GPs and pediatricians and to assess the registration system of HHE in Poland. The studied group consisted of 49 children, patients of the Regional Consultation Polyclinic in Kraków in the years 1997-2002, in whom HHE was diagnosed. The following were analysed: sex and age, interval between vaccination and HHE, relationship to the number of DTPw doses, duration of HHE and, based on the referral, the diagnosis made by a GP....
Adres do korespondencji/Address for correspondence: Klinika Pediatrii Centrum, Medyczne Kształcen... more Adres do korespondencji/Address for correspondence: Klinika Pediatrii Centrum, Medyczne Kształcenia, Podyplomowego ul. Marymoncka 99/10 01-813 Warszawa. Tel.:/fax. +22 864 11 67. ... No abstract is available. To read the body of this article, please view the Full Text ...
Children aged 11 to &... more Children aged 11 to <24 months received 2 intranasal doses of live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) or placebo, 35+/-7 days apart. Dose 1 was administered concomitantly with a combined measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (Priorix). Seroresponses to measles and mumps were similar between groups. Compared with placebo, response rates to rubella in LAIV+Priorix recipients were statistically lower at a 15 IU/mL threshold (83.9% vs 78.0%) and the prespecified noninferiority criteria were not met. In a post hoc analysis using an alternate widely accepted threshold of 10 IU/mL, the noninferiority criteria were met (93.4% vs 89.8%). Concomitant administration with Priorix did not affect the overall influenza protection rate of LAIV (78.4% and 63.8% against antigenically similar influenza strains and any strain, respectively).
Streszczenie W dniach 24 lutego i 24 marca 2011 roku w Warszawie odbyły się dwa spotkania robocze... more Streszczenie W dniach 24 lutego i 24 marca 2011 roku w Warszawie odbyły się dwa spotkania robocze polskiej Grupy Ekspertów* pod wspólnym tytułem „Nowe możliwości stosowania pediatrycznych szczepionek zawierających DTPa”. Podczas obu konferencji ...
Children aged 11 to &... more Children aged 11 to <24 months received 2 intranasal doses of live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) or placebo, 35+/-7 days apart. Dose 1 was administered concomitantly with a combined measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (Priorix). Seroresponses to measles and mumps were similar between groups. Compared with placebo, response rates to rubella in LAIV+Priorix recipients were statistically lower at a 15 IU/mL threshold (83.9% vs 78.0%) and the prespecified noninferiority criteria were not met. In a post hoc analysis using an alternate widely accepted threshold of 10 IU/mL, the noninferiority criteria were met (93.4% vs 89.8%). Concomitant administration with Priorix did not affect the overall influenza protection rate of LAIV (78.4% and 63.8% against antigenically similar influenza strains and any strain, respectively).
We conducted a phase 3 randomized controlled trial looking at the immunogenicity and safety of a ... more We conducted a phase 3 randomized controlled trial looking at the immunogenicity and safety of a novel combined Haemophilus influenzae type b and Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine, Hib-MenC-TT in a 2-, 3-, and 4-month primary infant immunization schedule. SBA MenC titers > or =1:8 and anti-PRP concentrations > or =0.15 microg/mL were measured in 99.2% and 100%, respectively, of the infants receiving Hib-MenC-TT.
The immunogenicity of the 10-valent pneumococcal nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae protein D-con... more The immunogenicity of the 10-valent pneumococcal nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae protein D-conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV) was assessed and compared with the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (7vCRM). Healthy subjects (1650) were randomized to be vaccinated with 3 doses of PHiD-CV or 7vCRM (Prevenar/Prevnar) at 2-3-4 months of age and a fourth booster dose at 12-18 months. Serotype-specific pneumococcal responses (GlaxoSmithKline's ELISA with 22F-inhibition) and opsonophagocytic activity (OPA) were measured 1 month after primary and booster vaccinations. The primary objective to demonstrate noninferiority of PHiD-CV versus 7vCRM (in terms of percentage of subjects with antibody concentration >or=0.2 microg/mL) for at least 7 of the 10 vaccine serotypes was reached as noninferiority was demonstrated for 8 serotypes. Although, noninferiority could not be demonstrated for ELISA responses against serotypes 6B and 23F, a post-hoc analysis of the percentage of subjects with OPA titers >or=8 suggested noninferiority for the 7 serotypes common to both vaccines including 6B and 23F.Priming of the immune system against all vaccine serotypes was confirmed by robust increases in ELISA antibody levels ( approximately 6.0-17 fold) and OPA titers ( approximately 8-93 fold) after a fourth consecutive dose of PHiD-CV. PHiD-CV induces ELISA and functional OPA antibodies for all vaccine serotypes after primary vaccination and is noninferior to 7vCRM in terms of ELISA and/or OPA threshold responses. Effective priming is further indicated by robust booster responses.
The thirteen valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13, Prevenar 13(TM)) is the broader covera... more The thirteen valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13, Prevenar 13(TM)) is the broader coverage successor to the highly effective seven valent vaccine (PCV7, Prevenar(TM)) which has reduced rates of pneumococcal disease in many countries. Despite the success of PCV7, pneumococcal disease due to non-PCV7 serotypes remains a threat in many settings, in particular many developing countries with a high burden of pneumococcal disease where serotype 1 and 5 are among the most common serotypes. Disease due to certain non-PCV7 serotypes, in particular serotype 19A has also begun to increase in incidence in countries with widespread use of PCV7. PCV13 consists of thirteen pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides individually conjugated to the diphtheria-derived protein carrier CRM(197). In addition to serotypes 4, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F and 23F included in PCV7, PCV13 also includes serotypes 1, 3, 5, 6A, 7F and 19A. PCV13 was licensed on the basis of non-inferiority trials and has proved to b...
To study the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a combined Haemophilus influenzae type b and Ne... more To study the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a combined Haemophilus influenzae type b and Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine (Hib-MenC-TT) when administered as a booster dose in combination with a measles, mumps and rubella vaccine (MMR). A phase 3 open randomised controlled trial. One centre in Oxford, UK and nine centres in Poland. 12-15-month-old healthy children. In the primary stage of the study 500 healthy 6-12-week-old infants were randomised in a 3:1 ratio to receive Hib-MenC-TT+DTPa-IPV or MenC-CRM197 vaccine+DTPa-IPV-Hib. In the booster stage, 476 participants (190 in the UK and 286 in Poland) were vaccinated with Hib-MenC-TT and MMR. The proportion of children with protective serum antibody levels against MenC and Hib 6 weeks following a Hib-MenC-TT booster dose. The co-primary objectives were met: the Hib-MenC-TT booster dose induced protective antibody titres in children vaccinated with Hib-MenC-TT+DTPa-IPV or MenC-CRM197+DTPa-IPV-Hib at 2, 3 and 4 months of age. 94.8% (lower limit of (LL) 95% CI 92.4) of participants had rSBA-MenC >or=1:128 and 100% (LL 95% CI 99.2) achieved anti-PRP concentrations >or=1.0 microg/ml. The percentage of toddlers with a post boost rSBA-MenC of 1:128 was significantly higher after priming with Hib-MenC-TT (97.7%) than after MenC-CRM197 (86%) (difference: 11.7%; 95% CI 6.2 to 19.4). The waning antibody titres against Hib and MenC following primary immunisation can be boosted to protective levels by administering the Hib-MenC-TT vaccine at 12-15 months of age, supporting the recent introduction of this vaccine in the UK immunisation schedule to sustain protection of children against Hib and MenC disease. NCT00258700. Study ID: 103974 (http://clinicaltrials.gov).
The aim of the study was the evaluation of safety and efficacy of vaccination in children after s... more The aim of the study was the evaluation of safety and efficacy of vaccination in children after stem cell transplantation. 21 patients, 1.4-22 (average 7.8) years old, 13 boys and 8 girls after autologous (11-52%) and allogeneic (10-48%) transplantation were included in the vaccination protocol. Indications for transplantation were: neoplastic disease--16, immunodeficiencies--3 and aplastic anaemia 2 cases. Time between transplantation and beginning of vaccination protocol was 0.8-4 (average 1.5) years. Vaccination protocol was constructed on the basis of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation indications. We have evaluated: (1) quality of recipient immune reconstitution and protection against common pathogens (2) immunogenicity of revaccination schedule; (3) safety of the vaccination programme. With the exception of one patient presenting with repeated fever, lymph node enlargement, muscle and joint pain, no important side effects were observed. Meningococcial meni...
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