This presentation provides an overview of solar PV systems. It discusses how solar panels work by absorbing sunlight to generate electricity through the photovoltaic effect. There are three main types of solar panels: monocrystalline, polycrystalline, and thin-film. Monocrystalline panels have the highest efficiency while polycrystalline and thin-film panels have lower costs. The presentation also describes the manufacturing process for crystalline solar panels and how the efficiency of solar cells has improved over time with reductions in cost.
This presentation provides an overview of solar PV systems. It discusses how solar panels work by absorbing sunlight to generate electricity through the photovoltaic effect. There are three main types of solar panels: monocrystalline, polycrystalline, and thin-film. Monocrystalline panels have the highest efficiency while polycrystalline and thin-film panels have lower costs. The presentation also describes the manufacturing process for crystalline solar panels and how the efficiency of solar cells has improved over time with reductions in cost.
This presentation provides an overview of solar PV systems. It discusses how solar panels work by absorbing sunlight to generate electricity through the photovoltaic effect. There are three main types of solar panels: monocrystalline, polycrystalline, and thin-film. Monocrystalline panels have the highest efficiency while polycrystalline and thin-film panels have lower costs. The presentation also describes the manufacturing process for crystalline solar panels and how the efficiency of solar cells has improved over time with reductions in cost.
This presentation provides an overview of solar PV systems. It discusses how solar panels work by absorbing sunlight to generate electricity through the photovoltaic effect. There are three main types of solar panels: monocrystalline, polycrystalline, and thin-film. Monocrystalline panels have the highest efficiency while polycrystalline and thin-film panels have lower costs. The presentation also describes the manufacturing process for crystalline solar panels and how the efficiency of solar cells has improved over time with reductions in cost.
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A
PRESENTATION ON SOLAR PV SYSTEM
PRSENTED BY PADAM RAJ POUDEL PUL075MSREE011 INTRODUCTION
Solar pv is the best source of renewable energy
Photovoltaic solar panels absorb sunlight as a source of energy to generate direct current electricity When the sun hits the semiconductor within the PV cell, electrons are freed and form an electric current. A typical silicon PV cell is composed of a thin wafer consisting of an ultra-thin layer of phosphorus-doped (N-type) silicon on top and a thicker layer of boron- doped (P-type) silicon on the back side INTRODUCTION
Fig show the simple
Operation of solar cell
INTRODUCTION
The current (and power) output of a PV cell depends on its efficiency and size (surface area), and is proportional to the intensity of sunlight striking the surface of the cell under peak sunlight conditions, a typical commercial PV cell with a surface area of 160 cm^2 (~25 in^2) will produce about 2 watts peak power Generally commercial solar cell has following value.
Short circuit current(Isc) = 30-35 mA/cm2 Fill factor(FF) = 75%
Open circuit voltage(Voc) = 0.5-0.8 V Typicall area of cell = 12.5*12.5 cm2 Typicall area of cell = 12.5*12.5 cm2 Approximate wattage of cell = area*Isc*Voc*FF = 12,5*12.5*30*0.55*0.75*10-3 = 1.9 W INTRODUCTION
Combination of solar cell form
The solar module and its connection
In series or parallel gives the solar Panel as shown in fig. TYPE OF SOLAR PV
These solar panels vary in how they’re made, appearance, performance, costs, and the installations each are best suited for MONOCRYSTALLINE SILICON SOLAR PANEL
These cells are made from a cylindrical silicon ingot grown from a single crystal of silicon of high purity in the same way as a semiconductor These cells have a unique look because of the octagonal shape and have uniform colour FEATURE OF MONOCRYSTALLINE SOLAR PANEL These cells in the panel have a pyramid pattern which offers a larger surface area to collect more energy from the sun’s ray To reduce reflection and thereby increase absorption, the cells are coated with silicon nitride higher efficiency of conversion of solar energy into electric energy than its two other counterparts These panels have longevity up to 30 years. These panels exhibit greater heat resistance. Being more efficient, these panels can produce more electricity for the same area as occupied by panels made of other materials. These panels are quite popular among solar rooftops in urban and rural area POLYCRYSTALLINE SOLAR PANEL It is also made from silicon instead of single
crystal there are many crystal in each cell
Have lower efficiency compare to monocrystalline
with reduced price
polycrystalline solar panels tend to have
a blue hue instead of the black hue of
monocrystalline panels as shown in fig MONOCRYSTALLINE VS POLYCRYSTALLINE Factors Monocrystalline solar Polycrystalline solar panels panels
Cost More expensive Less expensive
Efficiency More efficient Less efficient
Aesthetics Solar cells are a black hue Solar cells have a blue-ish hue
Longevity 25+ years 25+ years
Major manufacturers Canadian Solar Hanwha
Sunpower Kyocera LG Hyundai Hyundai SolarWorld SolarWorld Trina SELECTION CRITERIA FOR MONOCRYSTALLINE AND POLYCRYSTALLINE SOLAR PANEL.
Personal preferences: Space constraints: Solar financing THIN FILM TECHNOLOGY
Thin film panels are a totally different
technology to Mono and Polycrystalline panels
Thin film cells have got a reputation as being the
‘worst’ of the solar panel technologies because they
have the lowest efficiency Cheap cost Depending on the technology, thin-film module prototypes have reached efficiencies between 7–13% and production modules operate at about 9%. Future module efficiencies are expected to climb close to the about 10–16% CONSTRUCTION OF THIN FILM TECHNOLOGY
Thin film panels are made by depositing a photovoltaic substance onto a solid surface like glas most common photovoltaic substances used are: Amorphous Silicon Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) Copper indium gallium selenide (CGIS) Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF CRYSTALLINE SOLAR PANEL
Monocrystalline or poly crystalline solar panel are manufacture from silicon
Silicon is highly available material in earth as the form of sand(SiO2) as shown in fig it is hated upto 1800 degree C along with carbon to convert in to silicon. MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF CRYSTALLINE SOLAR PANEL During this processing silicon ingot is formed which is used to form the silicon wafer as shown MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF CRYSTALLINE SOLAR PANEL
After that this silicon ingot are cut in small thickness wafer as shown in fig After that the pure silicon wafer is doped with impurity atom. Generally upper side is doped by pentavalent element i.e. by phosphorous and term as negative terminal and back side is doped by trivalent element i.e. boron so hole(positive charge carrier) as a charge carrier and termed as positive terminal MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF CRYSTALLINE SOLAR PANEL
When solar radiation having photon strike the surface there is a movement of electron and hole if load is connected then electric current is flow from the circuit as shown in fig EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF SOLAR CELL
The first solar cell using silicon monocrystalline was constructed in 1941 with a efficiency of 1% Up to the efficiency of the cell improve up to 25% with reduction in cost as shown in following fig REFERENCES
https://eco2solar.co.uk/solar-electricity/how-does-solar-pv-work/ http://www.fsec.ucf.edu/en/consumer/solar_electricity/basics/how_pv_cells_work.ht m https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panel#/media/File:From_a_solar_cell_to_a_PV_s ystem.svg https://www.energysage.com/solar/101/types-solar-panels/ https://www.energysage.com/solar/101/monocrystalline-vs-polycrystalline-solarpane ls/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tU0xZonaMSw https://sites.lafayette.edu/egrs352-sp14-pv/technology/history-of-pv-technology/ Thank you
