THE FILIPINO’S AND THE RISING

SUN : JAPANESE OCCUPATION IN

THE PHILIPPINES
WHY JAPAN IS KNOWN FOR THE LAND OF THE
RISING SUN?

Both Nippon and Nihon mean 日本 “ The sun’s

origin”, that is, where the sun originates, and
are often translated as the Land of the Rising
Sun. Japan is located in the East and literally
is in the direction where the sun rises
( in other words, where the sun’s originates).
JAPAN INVOLVEMENT IN WORL WAR II.

 In September 1940, Japan signed the

Tripartite pact with Nazi Germany and
Fascist Italy, in which they agreed assist one
another should any of them be attack by a
country not already involved in the war….
The united States declared war one day
later.
 WHEN DID JAPANESE OCCUPY THE
PHILIPPINES?

The Japanese occupation of the Philippines

occurred between 1942 and 1945, when
Imperial Japan occupied the Commonwealth of
the Philippines during World War II

(See Timeline)
WHY DID THE JAPANESE INVADE THE
PHILIPPINES IN 1941?

 The Phillipines during 1941 was to the eyes

of the Japanese Empire a perfect strategic
location for their campaign of conquest of
South Eastern Asia. Not only was it a perfect
location to station troops to launch further
aussualts on positions like Singapore and
Australia. It was also a resource rich country
which would further fuel the Japanese war
machine and feed the Japanese people at
home.
HOW JAPAN VIEWED THE PHILIPPINES
AND SOUTHEAST ASIA
 Japan always thought of the Philippines and
the rest of southeast Asia as a place for
expansion. Calling the region Nanyo Sako or
the south seas region. Japanese leasers
considered it is a place for the sitting of its
expanding population, a source of raw
materials, and a market for its product.
 Many Japanese left their homeland and started
migrating to other parts of Asia in search for
better economic opportunities. It was American
period when Japanese immigrants came in
drove. They help build roads such as the scenic
Benguet road, now the kenon road, in Benguet
as well as various buildings, japanese
immigrants also branched into other business.
They stablished abaca, coconut, and banana
plantations in Davao and other places as well
as shops and factories in Manila.
By 1935, the Philippines had a japanese
population of around 40,000 of whom, around
25,000 concentrated in Davao, 5,000 in Manila
and others in the provinces. The coming of
Japanese immigrants was not part of an
organized plan but the Japanese came To the
Philippines in search for economic opportunities.
JAPANESE AGGRESSION AND ITS ROOTS
Japan withdraw from the league of Nations
and provoked an undeclared war with china. It
massacred inhabitants on Nanjing, event also
known as the “Rape of Nanking”.
Its allied itself to the Axis power.
The United States imposed an embargo on oil
and scrap metal exports to japan.
Saburo Kuruso- a career diplomat, negotiated
peace and understanding with the U.S while
Japan secretly planned attack on Pearl Harbor
PREPARATION FOR THE INDEPENDENCE
AND WAR WAR
 President summoned Gen. Douglas McArthur,
retired chairman of the Joints Chiefs OF Staff of
the U.S to prepare the Philippines militarily.
 He assumed the rank field Marshall of the
Philippine army.
 Training of citizen soldiers was undertaken with
implementation of PMT and ROTC.
 Training was saddled with lack of adequate
equipment and ammunition
 Filipinos and their own head gears from
coconut fibers called Guinit. belts were made
from abaca fiber instead of leather. Shoes were
manufactured locally by Ang Tibay.
 Due to frowing differences between Quezon
and McArthur, McArthur asked president
Roosvelt to recall him to U.S service.
 Americans allowed false rumors about Japan to
circulate the country to assure Filipinos that
everything is secure
 USAFFE (United States Armed Forces in the Far
East) retreated to bataan and waited for
reinforcements from the US .
 January 2, 1942- The Japanese contingent
entered Manila and were cheered on as
liberator. Lt. Gen. Homma declared the end of
American rule in the Philippines and imposed
Martial Law on all Occupied areas.
 JAPAN MARTIAL LAW
 Japan claimed that it was creating Asia for Asians.
 On January 3, 1942, General Masaharu Homma
issued a proclamation announcing the end of the
war American occupation and the imposition of
martial law in the country.
1. First order: Surrender of firearms- Those who
were still caught with weapons were detained at the
dungeons of fort Santiago and in other detention
post
2. Detention camps become places of torture
3. Priests suspected of engaging in subversion
activities were also imprisoned.
4. As early as January 14,1942, Colonel Murosawa
issued a Declaration to Christians in the
Philippines. By 1943, parish priests were being
required to use their pulpits to convince the people
that it was useless to resist Japanese rule.
5. General Homma allowed the laws then enforce the
commonwealth to stay for the moment. He ordered
all public officials to continue to discharge their
duties.
6. Curfew first from 8:00pm-6:00am then from
12:00mn-6:00am.
7. Total black out was lifted on may 4,1942 after the
fall of Bataan.
8. Arbitrary arrests and executions were done by the
kempietai(military police) any time of the day.
9. “kura” most feared word (in ward wave of hand
meant “come here!” signified disaster and outward
wave of hand meant “dismiss” or “scrams”).
10. Many were also executed on mere suspicion of
being with the resistance movement.
11. No once could travel without a pass from its army.
this prohibition in travel was lifted after the fall of
Corregidor.
12. Taliba, La Vanguardia, Tribune, and Liwayway
were allowed to continue publication but under
rigid Censorship by the government .
13. Marry theaters switched from movies to stags
shows.
 TIMELINE
 1941 December 7, the Japanese launch
their first air attacks on the
Philippines, followed by the arrival of
invasion forces.
December 26. Manila is declared an
open city by general MacArthur.
 1942 January 2. Japanese forces enter
Manila
February 26. The Philippine Executive
Committee under the Japanese Military
Administration is formed under
Executive Secretary Jorge B. Vargas.
 The committee serve as the government of the
Philippines until the establishment of the 1943
Japanese sponsored Philippines Republic.
 April 9. Bataan falls to the Japanese, 66,000
Filipino and American prisoners of war march
from Bataan to San Fernando, Pampanga in
Death March up to April 15. More than 10,000
prisoners of war die during the march and
30,000 more perish under detention at camp O’
Donnell in Capas, Tarlac.
 May 6. Corregidor, the last bastion of Filipino
and American-organized resistance of falls to the
Japanese
DEATH MARCH

As many as 10,000
people died in the
Bataan Death March.
 1943 October 14. Japanese- sponsored
Philippine Republic is inaugurated
with Jose P. Laurel as a President.
 1944 August 1. President Manuel L.
Quezon dies at the lake Saranac,
New York. He is succeeded by Vice
President Sergio Osmena
October 20. U.S. forces land in leyte.
The Philippines commonwealth
government re- stablished.
 1945 February 3 – March 3. The liberation
of Manila from the Japanese kills
more than 100,000 residents.
September 2, Japanese forces
surrender to Filipino and American
forces.