I am a girl
I – pronoun
Am - Auxilary verb
A – article
Girl-common noun
Plants grow in a soil.
Plants-noun
Grow-verb
In –preposition
a-article
soil-noun
PARTS OF THE SPEECH
1. Nouns
2. Pronouns
3. Verbs
4. Adjectives
5. Adverbs
6. Prepositions
7. Conjunctions
8. Interjections
9. Articles
1. Noun
Definition
Nouns are the words that names people,
place, animal and things.
Different Types of Nouns:
Proper Noun.
Common Noun.
Abstract Noun.
Concrete Noun.
Countable Noun.
uncountable Noun.
Collective Noun.
Compound Noun.
Singular Noun.
Plural Noun.
Pronoun
It is used to replace the Noun.
Ex:
Sheela is a good girl. sheela she studies well. sheela she likes
to play all time.Sheela she is a state volley ball player.
Types of Pronouns
1. Personal Pronouns
i. Subject pronouns
ii. Object pronouns
2. Possessive pronouns
3. Relative pronouns
4. Demonstrative pronouns
5. Interrogative pronouns
6. Reflexive pronouns
3.Verb(action/doing word)
Verbs are words that show actions,
motions, doing, or states of being. They
can also demonstrate how someone feels.
Ex:
Run,jump
Types of verbs
1. Main verbs-Regular verbs
Past tense :If you add –
ed to the present tense
verb then the verb is
called regular verb.
Ex : Watch-watched
-Irregular verbs
If there is a spell change
in the verb,then that verb is
called irregular verb.
Ex :Come-came
Eat-ate
2. Auxilary
verbs/linking/helping/supporting
Are,is,
am,was,were,will,shall,has,have,
had
3. Modal verbs
Should, would, might, may, can,
Could
4.Adjectives
Adjectives are words that are used to
help describe or give description to
(nouns) people, places, animals and
things.
Ex:
1. Book-big book, old book, new book
2. Man- tall man, innocent man, brilliant
man
3. Dress- beautiful dress, colourful
dress,long dress
Order of adjectives
When more than one adjective comes before
a noun, the adjectives are normally in a
particular order.
Ex:
Beautiful dress - 1
Beautiful cotton dress - 2
Beautiful red cotton dress - 3
Beautiful red silk wedding dress – 4
Long beautiful red kanchipuram silk wedding
dress -5
Comparison of adjectives
There are three forms of comparison:
Positive-I am very tall.
Comparative-I am taller than Haripriya.
Superlative-I am the tallest in the class.
Types of Adjectives
Descriptive Adjectives.
Quantitative Adjectives.
Proper Adjectives.
Demonstrative Adjectives.
Possessive Adjectives.
Interrogative Adjectives.
Indefinite Adjectives.
Adverbs
An adverb is a word which adds the more
meaning to verb.
It tells us how a thing is done, when it is done, or
where it is done.
Most of the adverb ends with -ly
Eg:
He walks slowly
Types of Adverbs
Adverbs of Time/Frequency (When?)
Adverbs of Place/Direction (Where?)
Adverbs of Degree (How Much?)
Adverbs of Manner (How?)
Prepositions
A preposition is a word that indicates the
relationship between a noun and the other words
of a sentence.
The cat is on the mat.
The ball is under the cot.
Types/kinds of preposition
1.Prepositions of time
2.Prepositions of place
3.Prepositions of manner
4.Prepositions of Direction
5.Prepositions phrases
Conjunctions
Conjunctions make a link between/among
words or groups of words to other parts of
the sentence and show a relationship
between/among them.
It is used to connect / join the nouns,
pronouns and sentences.
Meera and Neera are playing outside.
The big compound wall is placed between
our two houses.
Types of conjunctions
1. Coordinating conjunctions
2. Correlative conjunctions
3. Subordinating conjunctions
Interjection
An interjection is a part of speech that
demonstrates the emotion or feeling of the author.
Eg:
"Oh! no, I can't believe that it is snowing
here again!"
"Wow! this is such a pleasant surprise!"
Articles
Articles are words that define a noun as specific
or unspecific.
It will grammatically support the sentences.
a, an and the
Types
Definite
Indefinite
Identify the part of speech in the given sentences
1. The cat sat on the couch.
The – article
Cat-noun
Sat-verb
On –preposition
The –article
Couch-noun.
2. The dog attacked me and ran away.
The –article
Dog-noun
Attacked-verb
Me-noun
And-conjunction
ran-verb
away-adverb
Nouns
1. Common noun
2. Proper noun
3. Collective noun
4. Abstract noun
5. Concrete noun
6. Countable noun
7. Uncountable noun
8. Singular noun
9. Plural noun
10. Compound noun
11. Material noun
12. Gender noun
1. Common Noun
Common nouns are nouns that give the
generic names to person, place, thing and
animal.
Eg: City, state, flower, country, train, book
2. Proper noun
Proper nouns are nouns that give specific
name to person, place, thing and animal.
It should starts with capital always.
Eg: Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, Sunflower, India,
Vaigai Express, The Bible
3. Collective Noun
The collective noun is a collection or a group
of person, place, thing and animal.
Flock of birds
School of fishes
Crowd of people
Bottle of water
Herd of elepants
4. Abstract noun
Abstract noun is a name of a quality, quantity,
state or concept.
It cannot be sensed by five senses. It can be
felt.
Eg :
Beauty, love, sadness, madness, truth,
happiness
5. Concrete Noun
Concrete nouns are names of material things.
It can be sensed by any one of the five senses.
Sweet,train,music,book,smell
6. Countable noun
Eg: train, buses, books, eyes
7. Uncountable noun
Eg. Milk, water, oil, sugar, butter
8. Singular Noun
Eg: egg, king, thief, box, toy, fly, lady, boy
9. Plural Noun
Eg: eggs, thieves, boxes, toys, flies, ladies,
boys
10. Compound noun
A noun made up of two or more existing
words.
Playground, rainbow, raincoat, wallpaper,
Bedroom, roommate, friendship, blackberries,
Classmate
11. Material noun
Material noun is a name of a material,
substance or ingredient things are made up of
Silk, gold, silver, cotton, tea, water, sugar,
coffee, glass, plastic
12. Gender noun
Gender is of four kinds
1. Masculine- man, boy, uncle
2. Feminine – woman, girl, aunt
3. Common –teacher , doctor
4. Neuter-rock, table
PRONOUNS
PERSONAL PRONOUNS
SINGULAR PLURAL
PRONOUN PRONOUN
I person I WE
II person YOU YOU
III person HE,SHE,IT THEY
SUBJECT PRONOUNS OBJECT PRONOUNS
I ME
YOU YOU
HE HIM
SHE HER
IT IT
WE OUR
THEY THEM
Eg :
She writes grammar.
She-subject-who/what performs the action
Writes-verb-action
Grammar-object-whoever/whatever receives the
action
He gave the pen to me
Reflexive pronouns/Intensive pronouns
Examples:
1. Be careful with that knife. You might cut yourself.
2. He dressed himself in spite of his injuries.
3. She’s old enough to wash herself.
4. They had to cook for themselves.
5. He was feeling very sorry for himself.
6. She drives the car for herself.
7. I took myself an injection during the emergency.
8. We have enjoyed ourselves in the theatre.
9. He, himself worked in the office during the weekend.
10. I baked the bread myself.
11. She mended the car herself.
Demonstrative pronouns
Used to show or identify one or a number of nouns that may be far or near in distance or
time.
They are,
1. This
2. That
3. These
4. Those
Examples:
This tastes good.
Have you seen this?
These are bad times.
Do you like these?
That is beautiful.
Look at that!
Those were the days!
Can you see those?
Possessive pronouns
It shows that something belongs to someone.
The possessive pronouns are mine, ours, yours, his, hers, its, and theirs.
The possessive adjectives are my, our, your, his, her, it, their.
Examples:
mine
This pen is mine.-possessive pronoun
It is my pen. - possessive adjective
ours
The house, with the yellow windows is ours.-possessive pronoun
Our house is having yellow colour windows.-possessive adjective
Interrogative pronouns
The five interrogative pronouns are what, which, who, whom, whose, whoever,
whichever.
Used to ask questions about people or objects.
Relative pronouns
A relative pronoun is one which is used to refer to nouns mentioned
previously, whether they are people, places, things, animals, or ideas.
Relative pronouns can be used to join two sentences.
List of Relative Pronouns
o Who
o Whom
o That
o Which
o Whoever
o Whomever
o Whichever
The cyclist who won the race trained hard.
The pants that I bought yesterday are already stained.
The four team leaders, whoever the committee selects, will be at
tomorrow’s meeting.
Spaghetti, which we eat at least twice a week, is one of my family’s
favorite meals.
Where did you buy the dress that you wore last week?
The book, when it was finally returned, was torn and stained.
The store on the corner, where we usually buy all of our art supplies,
burned to the ground.
Reciprocal Pronouns
A reciprocal pronoun is used to express a mutual action or relationship. There
are two reciprocal pronouns:
Each other
One another
1. Terry and Jack were talking to each other in the hallway.
2. The students congratulated one another after giving practice speeches.
Verbs
Action word /doing word
Eg: Run,play,write,drink,drive………
Tense of the verb –when the action is taken place
1. simple present tense
2. present continuous tense
3. present perfect tense
4. Present perfect continuous tense
5. Simple past tense
6. Past continuous tense
7. Past perfect tense
8. Past perfect continuous tense
9. Simple future tense
10. Future continuous tense
11. Future perfect tense
12. Future perfect continuous tense
Types of verbs
1. Main verbs
2. Auxiliary verbs/supporting verbs/helping verbs/linking verbs
3. Modal verbs
Main verbs
-Action words
-cook,run,eat ,jump,roll etc
Auxiliary verbs/supporting verbs/helping verbs/linking verbs
-is,am,are,has,have,was,were,had,will,shall
Be form of the verb
Present tense
I – am
He/she/it – is
You/we/they –are
I am (be) going to the temple every day.
Past tense
I/he/she/it- was
You/we/they –were
Future tense
I/you/he/she/it/we/they – will
Modal verbs
-Something is certain, possible or impossible:
Probability
Ability
Permission
Requests, offers and invitations
Suggestions and obligations
Can, could, may, might, should, would, will
