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KCSE NATIONAL SCHOOLS TRIALS AND JOINT SERIES 2025

C.R.E PAPER 1

KABARAK HIGH
ALLIANCE BOYS
ALLIANCE GIRLS
ASUMBI GIRLS
KISII SCHOOL
KENYA HIGH
MANGU SCHOOL
MARANDA SCHOOL
MASENO SCHOOL
MERU SCHOOL
STAREHE GIRLS
STAREHE BOYS
LENANA SCHOOL
MOI GIRLS ELDORET
NAIROBI SCHOOL
FRIENDS SCHOOL KAMUSINGA
KABIANGA SCHOOL

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Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education

KCSE TOP NATIONAL SCHOOLS JOINT SERIES 2025

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Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date……………………………………

MANG’U SCHOOL TRIAL SERIES

313/1
CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
PAPER 1
TIME: 2½ hours
Instructions to Candidates
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided above.
b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
c) This paper consists of six questions.
d) Answer any five questions in the spaces provided at the end of question 6.
e) Each question carries 20 marks.
f) This paper consists of 2 printed pages.
g) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as
indicated and that no questions are missing.
h) Candidates should answer the questions in English.

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1. a) Explain how learning of Christian religious education in secondary schools promotes the
goal of national development. (7mks)
b) State six similarities found in both biblical and traditional views on creation. (6mks)
c) State seven reasons why Christians in Kenya take care of the environment. (7mks)
2. a). Describe the activities that the Israelites engaged in the night of exodus. (7mks)
b) State six ways the Israelites worshipped God in the wilderness during the ex odus. (6mks)
c) State ways in which Christians demonstrate faith in God. (7mks)
3. a) Give reasons why Samuel was totally against kingship in Israel. (6mks)
b) State seven ways used by King David to promote the worship of God in Israel. (7mks)
c) Outline the causes of power struggle in the church of Kenya today. (7mks)
4. a) Describe the characteristics of false prophets in the Old Testament. (8mks)
b) State Amos’ teachings about hypocritical religion in Israel. (6mks)
c) Outline ways through which Christians can assist church leaders to perform their duties
effectively. (6mks)
5. a) Outline evils condemned by prophet Jeremiah in the temple Sermon. (6mks)
b) Give seven ways in which Jeremiah suffered while carrying out his prophetic work in
Judah. (7mks)
c) State moral values that Christians can acquire from the life of prophet Jeremiah. (7mks)
6. a) Outline roles played by elders in African Traditional society. (6mks)
b) State the reasons why sacrifices were carried out in the African traditional society. (7mks)
c) Outline ways in which modern trends have affected traditional African burial life. (7mks)

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Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education

KCSE TOP NATIONAL SCHOOLS JOINT SERIES 2025

Name ………………………………………………… Admission number ……………………

Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date……………………………………

ALLIANCE BOYS TRIAL SERIES

313/1
CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
PAPER 1
TIME: 2½ hours
Instructions to Candidates
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided above.
b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
c) This paper consists of six questions.
d) Answer any five questions in the spaces provided at the end of question 6.
e) Each question carries 20 marks.
f) This paper consists of 2 printed pages.
g) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as
indicated and that no questions are missing.
h) Candidates should answer the questions in English.

FOR EXAMINERS USE ONLY

Candidates SCORE

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 1. (a) Give seven reasons why reading the bible is important to Christians (7mks)
(b) Identify five examples of Historical books in the bible (5mks)
(c) Outline the Comparison between traditional African and Jewish circumcision practices
and believes. (8mks)
2. (a) Give eight reasons why God rescued the Israelites from Egypt (8mks)
(b) In what ways did God show concern for the Israelites as they traveled in the
wilderness? (5mks)
(c) Explain how the Ten Commandments apply to Christians today (7mks)
3. (a) Outline seven reasons ways in which King David strengthened the faith of his people. (7mks)
(b) Explain ways in which King Solomon went against the covenant demands. (7mks)
(c) Give reasons why some leaders are rejected in the society. (6mks)
4. (a) Outline the characteristics of the true prophets in Israel. (7mks)
(b) Describe the visions of Amos (8mks)
(c) Explain the relevance of the Old Testament prophets to Christians today. (5mks)
5. (a) Describe the final reforms of Nehemiah in Nehemiah: 13 (8mks)
(b) Explain Nehemiah’s good leadership qualities. (7mks)
(c) Identify the relevance of Nehemiah’s good leadership qualities to Christians today(5mks)
6. (a) Give six ways in which Africans venerated ancestors (6mks)
(b) Outline seven roles played by ancestors in African traditional communities. (7mks)
(c) State how the introduction of money has affected traditional African societies. (7mks)

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Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education

KCSE TOP NATIONAL SCHOOLS JOINT SERIES 2025

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Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date……………………………………

ALLIANCE GIRLS TRIAL SERIES

313/1
CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
PAPER 1
TIME: 2½ hours
Instructions to Candidates
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided above.
b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
c) This paper consists of six questions.
d) Answer any five questions in the spaces provided at the end of question 6.
e) Each question carries 20 marks.
f) This paper consists of 2 printed pages.
g) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as
indicated and that no questions are missing.
h) Candidates should answer the questions in English.

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1.a). Explain four ways in which man is a special creation. (8 marks)
b). Identify any seven historical books in the Old Testament Bible. (7 marks)
c). Give reasons why Christians should practice forgiveness. (5 marks)

2. a). Name five animals used by Abraham during the covenant. (5 marks)
b). Narrate how God tested Abraham’s faith according to Genesis 22:1-19. (8 marks)
c). Give seven examples of modern covenants. (7 marks)

3. a). State five dangers of kingship in Israel as foreseen by Prophet Samuel. (5 marks)
b). Identify the contribution of King David to the development of Israel. (8 marks)
c). Give reasons why Christians build churches. (7 marks)

4. a). Highlight the characteristics of false prophets in the Old Testament. (7 marks)
b). Outline the content of Jeremiah’s letter to the exiles in Babylon (Jeremiah 29:1-32).
(8 marks)
c). Mention five social evils that a true prophet of God would condemn in the modern society
(5 marks)
5. a). Identify seven occasions when Nehemiah prayed. (7 marks)
b). Outline seven problems faced by Nehemiah. (7 marks)
c). Why do some Christians find it difficult to pray? (6 marks)

6. a). State six roles of spirits towards the living in traditional African society. (6 marks)
b). Identify eight ways through which ancestors were venerated in traditional African society.
(8 marks)
c). Give six occasions when sacrifices were offered in Traditional African society. (6 marks)

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 GOLDLITE ONLINE SUPPLIES
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education

KCSE TOP NATIONAL SCHOOLS JOINT SERIES 2025

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Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date……………………………………

MASENO SCHOOL TRIAL SERIES

313/1
CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
PAPER 1
TIME: 2½ hours
Instructions to Candidates
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided above.
b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
c) This paper consists of six questions.
d) Answer any five questions in the spaces provided at the end of question 6.
e) Each question carries 20 marks.
f) This paper consists of 2 printed pages.
g) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as
indicated and that no questions are missing.
h) Candidates should answer the questions in English.

FOR EXAMINERS USE ONLY

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1. (a) State eight similarities between the Biblical and the traditional African
myths about the origin of man and the universe. (8mks)
(b) Outline six steps that God took to bring salvation to human beings after
the fall in Genesis 3. (6mks)
(c) State the great evils that face mankind today. (6mks)
2. (a) Describe the breaking of the Sinai covenant by the Israelites
(Exodus 32: 1- 35). (8mks)
(b) Show how the early life of Moses prepared him for leadership. (7mks)
(c) Outline five challenges faced by Christians while practicing their
faith in Kenya. (5mks)
3. (a) Explain the reasons against kingship in Israel. (7mks)
(b) Outline seven factors that led to the failure of David’s successors. (7mks)
(c) How has corruption adversely affected the Kenyan society today? (6mks)
4. (a) State ways to show how the prophetic messages were written down. (8mks)
(b) Explain four teachings of prophet Amos on hypocritical religion in
Israel. (8mks)
(c) State four lessons Christians learn about God from the visions of
prophet Amos. (4mks)
5. (a) Give five reasons why the rebuilding of the wall of Jerusalem was
important to Nehemiah’s people. (5mks)
(b) With reference to Jeremiah, describe how the Israelites were
encouraged to live in hope during the Babylonian exile. (8mks)
(c) Give lessons Christian can learn from Jeremiah’s letter to the exile. (7mks)
6. (a) Explain the meaning of life and its wholeness in traditional African
communities. (7mks)
(b) Outline seven reasons why land disputes were rare in traditional
African communities. (7mks)
(c) Give six reasons why initiation rites are still practiced today. (6mks)

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Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education

KCSE TOP NATIONAL SCHOOLS JOINT SERIES 2025

Name ………………………………………………… Admission number ……………………

Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date……………………………………

MARANDA SCHOOL TRIAL SERIES

313/1
CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
PAPER 1
TIME: 2½ hours
Instructions to Candidates
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided above.
b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
c) This paper consists of six questions.
d) Answer any five questions in the spaces provided at the end of question 6.
e) Each question carries 20 marks.
f) This paper consists of 2 printed pages.
g) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as
indicated and that no questions are missing.
h) Candidates should answer the questions in English.

FOR EXAMINERS USE ONLY

Candidates SCORE

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1. a) State FOUR ways in which the study of C.R.E promotes National Unity. (8mks)
b) Explain why the Bible is written in different styles (6mks)
c) State SIX ways in which Christians can use the Bible in their evangelization ministry (6mks)

2. a) Describe ways in which the covenant between God and the Israelites was sealed at Mount Sinai(7mks)
b) Identify SEVEN challenges that Moses encountered as he led the Israelites during the Exodus (7mks)
c). State SIX ways in which the church worship is abused today. (6mks)

3 a) List ways in which the King of Israel used to bring the people back to God. . (8mks)
b) Identify the failures of King Ahab (6mks)
c) Give FIVE reasons why some Christians have lost faith in God (6mks)

4 a) what was the relationship between the Old Testament prophets and those of the New Testament?(8mks)
. b) Describe the social background of Amos (7mks)
c). Explain the relevance of Amos’ teaching on the Remnant for Christians. (5mks)

5 a) Describe the religious background of Prophet Nehemiah (6mks)

b) Compare Nehemiah’s experiences to the life of Jesus as shown in Saint Luke’s gospel. (8mks)
c). what lessons can a Christian learn from Nehemiah’s leadership qualities? (6mks)

6 a) what conditions did one have to fulfil in order to be made an elder in traditional African society.(7mks)
b). State occasions when seers were consulted in Traditional African society. (7mks)
c) What aspects of traditional religion have been integrated into the Christian faith? (6 mks

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Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education

KCSE TOP NATIONAL SCHOOLS JOINT SERIES 2025

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ASUMBI GIRLS’ HIGH SCHOOL TRIAL SERIES

313/1
CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
PAPER 1
TIME: 2½ hours
Instructions to Candidates
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided above.
b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
c) This paper consists of six questions.
d) Answer any five questions in the spaces provided at the end of question 6.
e) Each question carries 20 marks.
f) This paper consists of 2 printed pages.
g) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as
indicated and that no questions are missing.
h) Candidates should answer the questions in English.

FOR EXAMINERS USE ONLY

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1. a) Outline the major divisions of both the Old and New Testament. (6mks)
b) From the genesis stories of creation, outline seven teachings about human beings. (8mks)
c) Why should Christian in Kenya take care of the environment? (6mks)

2. a) Describe how God prepared the Israelites for the making of the covenant at mount Sinai(Exodus -9)
b) Give four differences between the Jewish and traditional African practices of circumcision. (8mks)
c) State five ways in which Christians identify themselves in the society today. (5mks)

3. a) State seven functions of the temple in The Jewish community (7mks)

b) Explain the effects of idolatry in Israel during the time of Prophet Elijah. (6mks)
c) Give seven factors that have led to the increase of Christian denominations in Kenya today. (7mks)

4. a) Explain four categories of true prophets in the Old Testament. (8mks)

b) State six ways in which God would punish Israel for her evils according to prophet Amos. (6mks)
c) How does the church in Kenya punish errant members (6mks)

5. a) In what ways did Prophet Jeremiah suffer while carrying out his work in Judah (6mks)
b) Identify seven occasions when Nehemiah prayed. (7mks)
c) State the importance of prayer in the life of a Christian. (8mks)

6. a) State ways in which people in traditional African communities communicated with God. (5mks)
b) Give eight reasons for singing and dancing during initiation ceremonies in Traditional African
communities. (8mks)
c) Outline reasons why witchcraft is feared in traditional African community. (7mks)

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 GOLDLITE ONLINE SUPPLIES
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education

KCSE TOP NATIONAL SCHOOLS JOINT SERIES 2025

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Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date……………………………………

FRIENDS’ SCHOOL KAMUSINGA TRIAL SERIES

313/1
CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
PAPER 1
TIME: 2½ hours
Instructions to Candidates
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided above.
b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
c) This paper consists of six questions.
d) Answer any five questions in the spaces provided at the end of question 6.
e) Each question carries 20 marks.
f) This paper consists of 2 printed pages.
g) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as
indicated and that no questions are missing.
h) Candidates should answer the questions in English.

FOR EXAMINERS USE ONLY

Candidates SCORE

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 1. (a) Give seven reasons that qualify the bible as the word of God. (7mks)
(b) Outline four similarities between the two accounts of creation in the Genesis 1 and 2. (8mks)
(c) Explain how the study of CRE contributes to National development. (5mks)
2. (a) Describe the background to the call of Abraham. (7mks)
(b) Identify seven conditions given to the Israelites by God, for the renewal of the Sinai covenant.
(7mks)
(c) State six values that Christians learn from the Ten Commandments. (6mks)
3. (a) With reference to the story of Naboth, show seven ways in which Ahab broke the covenant way
of life. (7mks)
(b) Identify four factors that led to the division of the kingdom of Israel after the death of King
Solomon. (8mks)
(c) State five causes of power struggle in the church in Kenya today. (5mks)
4. (a) State eight importance of prophets in Israel. (8mks)
(b) Identify seven social evils committed by dishonest merchants during the time of prophet Amos.
(7mks)
(c) Outline five ways in which the church is promoting social justice in Kenya today. (5mks)

5. (a) Outline seven occasions when Nehemiah prayed. (7mks)

(b) Give reasons why Jeremiah is referred to as the suffering prophet. (6mks)
(c) Give seven ways in which the church is carrying out its prophetic roles in the society today.
(7mks)
6. (a) state the role of priests in Traditional African Communities (8mks)
(b) Outline the significance of marriage in African traditional community. (7mks)
(c) Give factors that are affecting the role of diviners today (5mks)

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 GOLDLITE ONLINE SUPPLIES
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education

KCSE TOP NATIONAL SCHOOLS JOINT SERIES 2025

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Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date……………………………………

STAREHE BOYS CENTER SCHOOL TRIAL SERIES

313/1
CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
PAPER 1
TIME: 2½ hours
Instructions to Candidates
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided above.
b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
c) This paper consists of six questions.
d) Answer any five questions in the spaces provided at the end of question 6.
e) Each question carries 20 marks.
f) This paper consists of 2 printed pages.
g) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as
indicated and that no questions are missing.
h) Candidates should answer the questions in English.

FOR EXAMINERS USE ONLY

Candidates SCORE

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1. a). State four differences between the first and second accounts of creation as recorded in Genesis 1 and 2
(8mks)
b). State reasons why the Bible had to be compiled into its present form by early Christians. (5mks)
c). State seven areas where the bible is used today in Kenya (7mks)

2. a). Describe the call of Moses as recorded in Exodus 3:1-22 (7mks)

b). Briefly narrate the qualities of God learnt by the Israelites during the making of the Sinai covenant.

(6mks)
c). Outline the importance of the decalogue to Christians today. (7mks)

3. a).Ouitline seven reasons why Samuel was against kingship in Israel (1 Samuel 8:10-20) (7mks)
b). State seven ways which show that King Solomon turned away from the covenant way of life. (7mks)
c). Identify factors hindering political leaders from performing their roles effectively in Kenya today.
(6mks)
4. a). Outline seven reasons why Prophet Amos was against the worship other gods inIsrael. (7mks)
b). Explain the teaching of Prophet Amos on Israel’s election . (6mks)
c). Outline the role-played by Christians in national elections in Kenya today. (7mks)
5. a). Outline Occasions when Nehemiah prayed during his mission. (8mks)
b. Describe the dedication of the walls of Jerusalem as recorded in Nehemiah. 12: 27-43 (7mks)
c. State five reasons why Christians dedicate new buildings today. (5mks)

6.a). Describe how leisure was spent in the Traditional African Community. (7mks)
b). Outline the importance of naming in Traditional African Communities. (7mks)
c). State six factors that have led to the erosion of African Traditional moral values in Kenya today.

(6mks)

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 GOLDLITE ONLINE SUPPLIES
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education

KCSE TOP NATIONAL SCHOOLS JOINT SERIES 2025

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Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date……………………………………

KISII SCHOOL TRIAL SERIES

313/1
CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
PAPER 1
TIME: 2½ hours
Instructions to Candidates
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided above.
b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
c) This paper consists of six questions.
d) Answer any five questions in the spaces provided at the end of question 6.
e) Each question carries 20 marks.
f) This paper consists of 2 printed pages.
g) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as
indicated and that no questions are missing.
h) Candidates should answer the questions in English.

FOR EXAMINERS USE ONLY

Candidates SCORE

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1. a) Identify Seven literary forms employed in writing the Bible . ( 7 mks)
b) Outline the responsibilities given to human beings by God in the Genesis stories of creation.
( 7 mks)
c) State six lessons that Christians learn about Work from the Genesis stories of creation.
( 6 mks)
2. a) Give seven Reasons Why God called Abraham. ( 7 mks)
b) Identify four promises God made to Abraham and how they were fulfilled. ( 8 mks)
c) What is the relevance of the Ten plaques to both the Jesus & Egyptians .? ( 5 mks)
3. a) State the failure of King Saul. ( 6 mks)
b) In what ways did King David promote the worship of Yahweh? ( 7 mks)
c) Give seven factors that affect the true worship of God today. ( 7 mks)
4 a) State seven roles of prophets in the Old Testament. ( 7 mks)
b) Explain three categories of true prophets in the Old Testament. ( 6 mks)
c) How can Christians assist the church leaders to perform their duties effectively? ( 7 mks)
5 a) Outline the suffering of Jeremiah during his prophetic Ministry. ( 6 mks)
b) State four promises that the Israelites made when they renewed their covenant with God
during the time of Nehemiah. (Nehemiah 10:28-20) ( 8 mks)
c) State the importance of prayer in the life of a Christian. ( 6 mks)
6. a) State the traditional African understanding of Spirits. ( 5 mks)
b) Outline ways through which a marriage partner is chosen in traditional African communities.
( 8 mks)
c) Give seven changes that are taking place in property ownership in Traditional African
communities. ( 7 mks)

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Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education

KCSE TOP NATIONAL SCHOOLS JOINT SERIES 2025

Name ………………………………………………… Admission number ……………………

Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date……………………………………

MERU SCHOOL TRIAL SERIES

313/1
CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
PAPER 1
TIME: 2½ hours
Instructions to Candidates
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided above.
b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
c) This paper consists of six questions.
d) Answer any five questions in the spaces provided at the end of question 6.
e) Each question carries 20 marks.
f) This paper consists of 2 printed pages.
g) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as
indicated and that no questions are missing.
h) Candidates should answer the questions in English.

FOR EXAMINERS USE ONLY

Candidates SCORE

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1. a)Explain seven different ways Christians can use the Bible in the spread of good news (7mks).
b) Identify six works of creation found in Genesis 1 (6mks).
c) State seven ways in which Christians continue with Gods works of creation today (7mks).
2. a) Explain the problems that Moses faced as he led the Israelites (8mks).
b) What conditions did God expects the Israelites to fulfill before the renewal of the Sinaicovenant
c) Identify any five values a modern Christian leader would learn from the call of Moses (5mks)..
3. a) Why did the Israelites ask to be given a King? (7mks)
b) State six promises that God gave to King David through Prophet Nathan. (6mks)
c) What lessons can modern political leaders learn from King David? (7mks)
4. a) State six titles given to prophets in the Old Testament. (6mks)
b) Explain the evils committed by other nations that were to be punished by God
according to Prophet Amos. (8mks)
c) Mention six ways in which Christians can avoid God’s punishment today. (6mks)
5. a) Outline the contents of Jeremiah’s letter to the exiles in Jeremiah 29.1 – 14 (7mks)
b) Explain four factors that led Nehemiah to engage in prayer. (8mks)
c) Identify six ways in which Christians can help the suffering in the society. (6mks)
6. a) Describe the rituals connected with marriage in the Traditional African Society. (8 mks)
b) State five changes that have taken place in the Traditional African understanding of widows. (5mks)
c) Identify seven factors that have affected the role of Religious specialists in African
Communities. (7mks).

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Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
KCSE TOP NATIONAL SCHOOLS JOINT SERIES 2025

Name ………………………………………………… Admission number ……………………

Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date……………………………………

MOKASA 1 JOINT TRIAL

313/1
CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
PAPER 1
TIME: 2½ hours
Instructions to Candidates
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided above.
b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
c) This paper consists of six questions.
d) Answer any five questions in the spaces provided at the end of question 6.
e) Each question carries 20 marks.
f) This paper consists of 2 printed pages.
g) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as indicated
and that no questions are missing.
h) Candidates should answer the questions in English.
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1a) Give reasons why CRE was included in formal curriculum in Kenyan schools (7mks)
b) Outline the main issues which human authors of the Bible concerned themselves with (6mks)
c) Identify five methods which Churches in Kenya are using to bring people to Gods kingdom (7mks)

2a) Describe the call of Abraham (7mks)

b) Explain the importance of Gods covenant with Abraham (6mks)
c) Mention the relevance of Abraham's promises to Christians today (7mks)

3a Give factors that led to Israelites adopting idol worship (7mks)

b) Describe the Mt Carmel contest (1Kings 18:19-41) (8mks)
c)Identify five Quality of Prophet Elijah that a Christian should have (5mks)

4a) Explain how prophetic messages were written (7mks)

b) Explain committed by Israel that would be punished by God according to prophet Amos (7mks)
c) Explain Six factors that may lead people away from the worship of God today (6mks)

5a) State Six promises that the Israelites made when they renewed their covenant with God during the time of
Nehemiah (6mks)
b) Identify the final reforms by Nehemiah to restore the worship of God in Judah (7mks)
c)State Six lessons leaders can learn from Nehemiah (7mks)

6a) Explain why sacrifices were offered in traditional African communities (5mks)
b) List Seven duties of diviners in traditional African communities (7mks)
c) List eight moral values promoted during funeral ceremonies in traditional African communities (8mks)

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Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
KCSE TOP NATIONAL SCHOOLS JOINT SERIES 2025

Name ………………………………………………… Admission number ……………………

Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date……………………………………

KASSU JET TRIAL 1

313/1
CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
PAPER 1
TIME: 2½ hours
Instructions to Candidates
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided above.
b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
c) This paper consists of six questions.
d) Answer any five questions in the spaces provided at the end of question 6.
e) Each question carries 20 marks.
f) This paper consists of 2 printed pages.
g) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as indicated
and that no questions are missing.
h) Candidates should answer the questions in English.
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 1. a) Identify seven literary forms used in the writing of the Bible. (7 marks)
b) State seven similarities in the Biblical stories of creation in Genesis 1 and 2. (7 marks)
c) Outline the causes of evil in Kenya today. (6 marks)

2.a ) Describe how the Israelites broke the covenant they had made with God at Mount Sinai.
(Exodus 32: l-0) (8 marks)
b) Give six differences between Jewish and traditional African practices of circumcision. (6marks)
c) Outline the relevance of Gods promises to Abraham to Christian’s today. (6 marks)

3. a) Outline six ways that King David used to promote the worship of God in Israel. (6 marks)
b) Explain four life skills that Elijah used to fight against false religion in Israel. (8 marks)

c) Give ways in which Christian can enhance true worship of God in Kenya today. (6 marks)

4. a) Explain the role of prophets in the Old Testament. (6 marks)

b) State seven ways in which the rich oppressed the poor during the time of Prophet Amos. (7 marks)

c) In what ways is the Church in Kenya promoting justice in the society. (7 marks)

5.a) Outline seven problems that Nehemiah encountered in rebuilding the wall of Jerusalem. (7 marks)
b) Explain the significance of the symbolic act of buying land by prophet Jeremiah. (6marks)

c) State seven relevance of prophet Jeremiah’s suffering to Christians today. (7 marks)

6. a) Explain the importance of rituals performed during a naming ceremony in Traditional African
communities. (7marks)
b) What is the responsibility of the living towards the ancestors in traditional African Communities?
(7marks)
c) State six factors that undermine the role of medicine men in Kenya today. (6 marks)

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Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
KCSE TOP NATIONAL SCHOOLS JOINT SERIES 2025

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Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date……………………………………

SUKELEMO JOINT
313/1
CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
PAPER 1
TIME: 2½ hours
Instructions to Candidates
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided above.
b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
c) This paper consists of six questions.
d) Answer any five questions in the spaces provided at the end of question 6.
e) Each question carries 20 marks.
f) This paper consists of 2 printed pages.
g) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as indicated
and that no questions are missing.
h) Candidates should answer the questions in English.
FOR EXAMINERS USE ONLY

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 1. a) Identify eight historical books in the Old Testament. (8 marks)
b) Give seven reasons why the Bible is referred to as a library. (7 marks)
c) State different occasions when Christians use the Bible. (5 marks)

2. a) Describe the call of Abraham (Gen 12:1-9) (8 marks)

b) Explain the characteristics of a covenant. (5 marks)
c) Identify seven examples of covenants made in Kenya today. (7 marks)

3. a) Identify seven characteristics of the Canaanite religion. (7 marks)

b) Describe the incident in which Prophet Elijah challenged the Prophet of Baal at Mount Carmel (1
Kings 18:19-41) (7 marks)
c) State six reasons that may influence some Christians to turn away from God today.
(6 marks)

4. a) Identify the characteristics of false prophets in the Old Testament. (7 marks)

b) State the teachings of prophet Amos about the day of the Lord. (7 marks)
c) How can Christians assist the church leaders to perform their duties effectively?
(6 marks)
5. a) State eight promises that the Israelites made when they renewed their covenant with God the time of
Nehemiah. (8 marks)
b) Identify five final reforms carried out by Nehemiah to restore the worship of God in Judah.
(5 marks)
c) Outline problems that Christian leaders in Kenya face in their work today (7 marks)
6. a) List six places used for worship in traditional African. (6 marks)
b) Give reasons why sacrifices are made in traditional African communities.
(7 marks)
c) How do Christians in Kenya show respect for places of worship. (7 marks)

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Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
KCSE TOP NATIONAL SCHOOLS JOINT SERIES 2025

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Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date……………………………………

CEKENAS JOINT SERIES

313/1
CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
PAPER 1
TIME: 2½ hours
Instructions to Candidates
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided above.
b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
c) This paper consists of six questions.
d) Answer any five questions in the spaces provided at the end of question 6.
e) Each question carries 20 marks.
f) This paper consists of 2 printed pages.
g) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as indicated
and that no questions are missing.
h) Candidates should answer the questions in English.
FOR EXAMINERS USE ONLY

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 1. a) Give six reasons why the Bible is referred to as the word of God. (6mks)

b) Identify seven immediate consequence of sin to Adam and Eve in biblical creation stories. (7mks)

c) Outline seven consequences of breaking taboos in the Traditional African Community (7mks)

2. a) Describe the background to the call of Abraham ( 6mks)

b) Outline seven conditions given to the Israelites by God for the renewal of the Sinai covenant. (7mks)

c) Give seven reasons why it is important for Christians to forgive (7mks)

3. a) Identify reasons that led to Mt. Camel contest (7mks)

b) State seven characteristics of local Canaanite religion (7mks)

c) Suggest six ways in which Christians can restore true worship in Kenya (6mks)

4. a) Outline prophet Amos teaching on social justice and responsibility (7mks)

b) Explain four differences between Old Testament prophets and traditional African prophets (8mks)

c) How do Christians play the role of prophets today? (5mks)

5. a) State six symbolic acts used by Jeremiah to teach about judgment and punishment (6mks)

b) Give seven reasons why Nehemiah carried out religious reforms in Judah (7mks)

c) What lessons do Christians learn from the renewal of the covenant by Nehemiah (7mks)

6. a) Give seven moral values acquired during the marriage ceremony in traditional African communities.

(7mks)

b) State seven roles of ancestors in traditional African community. (7mks)

c) Give 6 conditions under which divorce maybe allowed in the traditional African society. (6mks)

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Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
KCSE TOP NATIONAL SCHOOLS JOINT SERIES 2025

Name ………………………………………………… Admission number ……………………

Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date……………………………………

KALA JOINT TRIAL 1

313/1
CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
PAPER 1
TIME: 2½ hours
Instructions to Candidates
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided above.
b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
c) This paper consists of six questions.
d) Answer any five questions in the spaces provided at the end of question 6.
e) Each question carries 20 marks.
f) This paper consists of 2 printed pages.
g) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as indicated
and that no questions are missing.
h) Candidates should answer the questions in English.
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1 a) Explain four similarities between the biblical concept of sin and the African view of evil
(8 marks)
b) State seven teachings about man from the Genesis stories of creation (7 marks)
c) Give five ways in which Christians continue with God’s work of creation (6 marks)
2) a) Describe how God tested Abraham’s faith in Genesis 22:1-19 (8 marks)
b) With reference to Genesis 17:10-17, outline five instructions given by God to Abraham
concerning Jewish circumcision (5 marks)
c) Identify seven attributes of God learnt by Christians from the ten plaques (8 marks)
3. a) State seven functions of the Temple in Jerusalem at the time of King Solomon. (7 marks)
b) Explain ways in which the Israelites moved away from the true worship of Yahweh during
Prophet Elijah’s time. (6 marks)
c) Identify seven ways how the Church is promoting the true worship of God in Kenya today.
(7 marks)
4. a) Outline seven characteristics of false prophets. (7 marks)
b) Explain four visions of Prophet Amos. (8 marks)
c) Mention ways in which God communicates to His people today. (5 marks)
5. a) With reference to Jeremiah’s teachings, explain four symbolic acts related to hope and
restoration (8 marks)
b) Give seven vows made by the Israelites during the time of the renewal of the covenant
(Nehemiah 10v 28-39) (7 marks)
c) Give five problems that Christian leaders face in their work today (5 marks)

6. a) Explain four roles performed by ancestors in traditional African communities (8 marks)

b) Outline five requirements for a sacrifice to be offered (5 marks)
c) Give the changes that have taken place in the traditional African understanding of property
(7 marks)

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Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
KCSE TOP NATIONAL SCHOOLS JOINT SERIES 2025

Name ………………………………………………… Admission number ……………………

Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date……………………………………

NAIROBI JOINT MOCK

313/1
CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
PAPER 1
TIME: 2½ hours
Instructions to Candidates
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided above.
b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
c) This paper consists of six questions.
d) Answer any five questions in the spaces provided at the end of question 6.
e) Each question carries 20 marks.
f) This paper consists of 2 printed pages.
g) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as indicated
and that no questions are missing.
h) Candidates should answer the questions in English.
FOR EXAMINERS USE ONLY

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 1. (a) Describe the first account of creation according to Genesis 1. (8 marks)
(b) Outline the meaning of the Biblical accounts of creation according to Genesis 1&2
(7 marks)
(c) State five ways in which Christians continue with God's creation. (5 marks)

2. (a) Outline seven promises that God gave to Abraham during his call. (7 marks)
(b) Why was Moses a suitable leader to the Israelites (8 marks)
(c) State the leadership qualities that a Christian can learn from Moses. (5 marks)

3. (a) State six reasons for Kingship in Israel. (6 marks)

(b) Explain the significance of David as an ancestor of Jesus to Christians. (8 marks)
(c) State six lessons Christians learn from the failures of King Saul. (6 marks)

4. (a) Describe the evils that Prophet Amos condemned in Israel. (8 marks)
(b) Explain Prophet Amos teaching on hypocritical religion in Israel. (7 marks)
(c) State the ways through which Christians fight hypocrisy in our churches today.
(5 marks)
5. (a) Describe the personal life of Prophet Jeremiah. (8 marks)
(b) State the circumstances that led the Israelites to be taken to exile in Babylon during the time of
Prophet Jeremiah. (7 marks)
(c) State the relevance of Prophet Jeremiah's suffering to Christians today. (5 marks)

6. (a) Give reasons why pregnancy before marriage is rare in traditional African Communities.
(7 marks)
(b) State the importance of bride wealth in the traditional African Communities.
(5 marks)
(c) Explain the socio-cultural changes that have taken place in traditional African Communities in
Kenya today. (8 marks)

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 GOLDLITE ONLINE SUPPLIES
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
KCSE TOP NATIONAL SCHOOLS JOINT SERIES 2025

Name ………………………………………………… Admission number ……………………

Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date……………………………………

MIRROR JET TRIAL MOCKS

313/1
CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
PAPER 1
TIME: 2½ hours
Instructions to Candidates
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided above.
b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
c) This paper consists of six questions.
d) Answer any five questions in the spaces provided at the end of question 6.
e) Each question carries 20 marks.
f) This paper consists of 2 printed pages.
g) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as indicated
and that no questions are missing.
h) Candidates should answer the questions in English.
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1. a) Explain the translation of the Bible from original language to the present African Local

Languages. (8 marks)

b) Outline seven steps taken by God towards healing the damaged relationship with

Mankind after the fall of man. (7 marks)

c) Give ways in which the church deals with evil in the society today. (5 marks)

2. a) Explain seven characteristics of God’s covenant with Abraham. (7 marks)

b) Describe the making of the Sinai covenant Exodus 24: 1-8 (7 marks)

c) Show how the church leaders are put into test today. (6 marks)

3 a) State six reasons why the Israelites demanded for a King. (6 marks)

b) Identify seven ways in which King Saul turned away from the Covenant way of life (7 marks)

c) Give reasons why church leaders face opposition in their work today. (7 marks)

4. a) Explain four differences between prophets in the Old Testament and

Traditional African communities. (8 marks)

b) Outline the teaching of prophet Amos on Israel’s election. (6 marks)

c) State six ways in which the church is carrying out its prophetic role in the society today. (6 marks).

5. a) Outline the causes of judgment and punishment to the Israelites according to prophet Jeremiah. (7marks)

b) Identify and explain four symbolic acts of God’s judgment and punishment to the Israelites (8marks)

c) Identify five reasons that can make Christians be punished by God. (5marks)

6. a) Identify seven reasons why initiation rites were important in Traditional African Communities. (7marks)

b) Give six ways showing how initiates were prepared for adult life in traditional African Communities

(6marks)

c) Give seven factors affecting the practice of initiation rites today. (7marks)

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Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
KCSE TOP NATIONAL SCHOOLS JOINT SERIES 2025

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Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date……………………………………

EAGLES JOINT EXAM

313/1
CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
PAPER 1
TIME: 2½ hours
Instructions to Candidates
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided above.
b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
c) This paper consists of six questions.
d) Answer any five questions in the spaces provided at the end of question 6.
e) Each question carries 20 marks.
f) This paper consists of 2 printed pages.
g) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as indicated
and that no questions are missing.
h) Candidates should answer the questions in English.
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1. (a) Describe the second account of creation in Genesis 2:4b-25. (7 marks)
(b) Outline four differences between the biblical view of sin and the African concept of evil.
(8 marks)
(c) Identify five ways in which Christians can avoid sin. (5 marks)
2. (a) Describe the making of the Sinai covenant. (8 marks)
(b) State seven reasons why presidential oathing is an example of a modern covenant.
(7 marks)
(c) What do we learn from the breaking of the Sinai covenant. (5 marks)
3. (a) Outline seven duties of Samuel in Israel. (7 marks)
(b) How did Prophet Elijah fight against corruption and injustice in Israel. (7 marks)
(c) Why should Christians fight against the spread of devil worship today. (6 marks)
4. (a) Identify six methods used by the Old Testament prophets to pass on their messages.
(6 marks)
(b) What were the teachings of Amos on social justice and responsibility. (7 marks)
(c) How is prophecy practiced in the church today. (7 marks)
5. (a) Identify six symbolism used during the call of Jeremiah. (7 marks)
(b) State ways through which king Josiah brought the people of Judah back to the covenant
way of life. (8 marks)
(c) What can Christians learn from the call of Jeremiah? (6 marks)
6. (a) Identify and explain elements of worship in traditional African society. (6 marks)
(b) Outline seven roles of the priests in traditional African society. (7 marks)
(c) Show how marriage in traditional African society has faced transition in the modern
society. (7 marks)

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Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
KCSE TOP NATIONAL SCHOOLS JOINT SERIES 2025

Name ………………………………………………… Admission number ……………………

Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date……………………………………

LANJET JOINT PREMOCK

313/1
CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
PAPER 1
TIME: 2½ hours
Instructions to Candidates
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided above.
b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
c) This paper consists of six questions.
d) Answer any five questions in the spaces provided at the end of question 6.
e) Each question carries 20 marks.
f) This paper consists of 2 printed pages.
g) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as indicated
and that no questions are missing.
h) Candidates should answer the questions in English.
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1. (a) What are the benefits of learning Christian Religious education in secondary school
(8 marks)

(b) What are the major division of the old and New Testament? (6 marks)

(c) Outline ways in which the Bible, is misused in Kenya today. (6 marks)

2. (a) Describe the covenant ceremony between God and Abraham. (7 marks)

(b) Give four differences between Jewish and the traditional African circumcision
practices. (8 marks)

(c) Explain five reasons why church leaders in Kenya take vows before starting their
mission. (5 marks)

3. (a) From the story of Naboth's vineyard, explain the commandments which King Ahab
and Queen Jezebel broke. (8 marks)

(b) With reference to 1st Kings 21:17-29, give the Forms of punishment prophesied by
Elijah to King Ahab and Jezebel. (6 marks)

(c) Why is killing condemned in traditional African communities? (6 marks)

4. (a) Outline six characteristics of true prophets in the Old Testament. (6 marks)

(b) State four ways in which the rich oppressed the poor during the times of prophet
Amos. (8 marks)

(c) Give six reasons why Christians find it difficult to help the needy in Kenya today.
(6 marks)

5. (a) Outline qualities of God learnt from the call of prophet Jeremiah. (8 marks)

(b) Outline the characteristics of the new covenant foreseen by prophet Jeremiah.
(6 marks)

(c) Identify ways in which Christians can assist victims of disasters. (6 marks)

6. (a) Explain the importance of rituals performed during a naming ceremony in

Traditional African Communities. (8 marks)

(b) Identify the moral values acquired during marriage in traditional African
Communities (6 marks)

(c) Why is death feared in Traditional African Communities? (6 marks)

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 GOLDLITE ONLINE SUPPLIES
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
KCSE TOP NATIONAL SCHOOLS JOINT SERIES 2025

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Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date……………………………………

CRESCENDO JOINT PREMOCK

313/1
CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
PAPER 1
TIME: 2½ hours
Instructions to Candidates
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided above.
b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
c) This paper consists of six questions.
d) Answer any five questions in the spaces provided at the end of question 6.
e) Each question carries 20 marks.
f) This paper consists of 2 printed pages.
g) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as indicated
and that no questions are missing.
h) Candidates should answer the questions in English.
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1a. Describe the first Biblical account of creation (7marks)
b. Outline ways in which the study of CRE enhances national unity (8marks)
c. State 5 hindrances to the process of Bible translation today (5marks)

2a. State ways in which God prepared Moses for his future role as a leader (7marks)
b. Identify the promises that the Israelites made during the renewing of the Sinai covenant
(8marks)
c. State 5 lessons Christians learn about God from the exodus (5marks)

3a. Explain 6 ways in which Saul failed as king of Israel (6marks)

b. Outline the significance of the Temple in Jerusalem to the Israelites (7marks)
c. Give 7 circumstances that led to the contest at Mount Carmel during the time of Prophet Elijah
(7marks)
4a. Explain 6 characteristics of true prophets in the Old Testament (6marks)
b. Explain the significance of prophet Amos’ five visions (8marks)
c. Highlight the lessons that Christians learn from the teachings of prophet Amos on the day of the Lord
(6marks)
5a. Describe the call of Jeremiah (6marks)
b. Outline the content of the letter of Jeremiah to the exiles (8marks)
c. Identify six challenges faced by refugees in Kenya today. (6marks)

6a. Give reasons why observance of blood kinship is important in African Traditional communities (7marks)
b. In what ways does traditional African initiation rites prepare the youth for family life? (8marks)
c. Give reasons why the church is opposed to the practice of wife inheritance (5marks)

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