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51 views14 pagesAtomic Structure
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51 views14 pagesAtomic Structure
sagar xetree
Uploaded by
xetreesagar11Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
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fa rae
Ele ctin | ——
Elechm 7s @ regadivele. Changer ab —
| parchiele Aenoted by fhe s Sm bal-E- Lt tas
| Aiscovered Ly Gokeph Sohn Thoma *y teg6.
| pass of elécthin = F4yio™* Kg”
Charge of elect 2-1 +6 x10" +9 Soxlombs
Proton \
A peotm Ps positively charged , sub-atomic
parchicles elerroted with the Teles Were oute nn
BS, ae def back From this lob senvartian folloning conclusion are
dcsawni i ; .
la) most Bf ee past cles passed th h gold tol witha
[2x deviation ft means there Ps fanqe -ernphy space
Nithin Stem ie
b) | terme) Few Xnpasticles reve deflected by Sian! Sng ls,
this Shivistthat stom have za heewsy postiivedy change
[body at its Cenbes §
cy Weng den Ae packcles Were metumed bark sn Some
ldivectan, db rmesns hea Lpasttvely charged Nuclees
I Located fn vey Small regia.
| , .
[The postdak s of Ruthes foils ahimit modele
@ An atom coetst positively Choreged nucleus at
“=Ehe Centre. Y
The size o-nucleug ts Very Small as compare
_tocthe Size of Zrtems- :
@ An stom ts cleehialy neutral Aue -to presence of
equal numbes ot px nd elecm.
HW) Elects Snd huclus Sre hela ctegethos Loy ss
CLechistatiz. forte OF pitch, poke ig Bi
DES Vat ee Gee bPrae. Jartian Drawbacks)
Atomic model + :
DB Aetarsing te Ruthafecd atomic rool, Clady)
evolve Streund the hurls , b-vadigtes entes |
& and the path of elect becomes
spiral and finaly | falls at the nudleces Hone
re does hot explain Eas Stobivitey of Sn
aterm.
A (oe 354 Huclhsoae
Ke [elisha
2119) This n76del Corld not! explain gainigie oF
\Spettral Lines. °
(3) Ft hoes rot eeplain quantizalien af ener
wy Ft cSoes not s 2rything Skadt-the oLeaaS
Structure of ate se how elechans are
As tyibuted Byvaind Fhe. puclunt Bod zi
12t Hee elechms. S
A) Lt soes not. explain hsrchrogen Specha = sy)
_ Ptomicn. i!
—t ff Zn +943, Nrets| Baby is
i + eite See ee or Bal
—pferdts shoe Enos A in ay tl a pe
| Postel Srte s| Babee Artomic_I770de]'-
4) An atom Consist of posiimelsy Eleened| Nuclues
to the Centre which is poeaeee by vnegarkvely
| charged electms-
& ] The| cleebens mevolve aamind the nucle inthe Fixed
| Citelae path cated obit: An eleetom th & postiube
Losbit or cell has a fred Bronurt of energy Therefore
theeorbit, Sre called Statianzny States: 6 Eretyy Level.
2) Onty those asbit pre allowed “dos which 2n4 Glee
Limamentum of elec fs tinteqgral moubhple Papa
|e hove = ph
[Where, mt mass of elechun
: VE velocity of elect
we vodius sfocbit
nh = ony "nheges, 42,322
! h= Planck's Conchook (6.60.540" Pig)
) The hea poe of eleehm Rs balened by
eleinidane foser of atheactim between elethen
rears pucurse ae
ts pbserved when ony electan (umf
tase me one se onother. When Suv eLectern props femm psaes Mower energy state te higher
Lib Bbsosb Cos bain Smowt eee: ow
Purop pam highes energy Stake. do lower
; State itemits = coxtain Snamt of
The Ps emitted a a@bsurbedinthey
of eee which is qiven a4
SEt BS By shy
| or A= BE -E. Where Ey enegy Level [
fea ream Exeenergy lee! 5.
- Ny LS = frequeny
che Plonokss conatot
(| The enoeg syria ates dnoweartel
path ane sgt thet Atstonc e osbret From He |
Dnuclens OF [Atomic Number
*
1
i : oO
_i The Bityinte numibe, on element 'PS cledrned
ag tthe, umber Hf pate preseat fh -the nuclees
of an ate Of that elemenb Dh ts) enacted bay
a4
‘| Mass jtinumbex + ¥ ‘
The sum of the number of protmns Sod neudrms
rhe ni. 2+ proton
-
|
i
inthe nutlus 7S ( |
The zrtoms of Sees Bese see a
|Some mags nurdsbey bth fewer, Stemi
40
pA yb ata”: ete | eet nn ew cur Of Technica! ant ++ bes a
Be Sk ASO
uh G a 8 le 8 i
Remeee. @ oe ae Re : : .
Tesotonds | An set | t |
The Btoms! of clifferent Clements having some
number df reader res alifgrent Stone
‘humber Srd mass nurober, Bre Knewn as
~ NRsotmes. Eyl. ie oy, pOere
\
i
Bohr Bumy Schein [Arrangement * Eleckons)
t Baohw. Saif Bury (1991) poaposed zB sdume.
Chow thes ksh rb sp elechens in Aitferent Shells
ore oc bits: The mapa pet of thrascheme Bre
WThe maximum humber ot elec tn So racbit %
lequal to Dn? Where n= number of shel) oat
K
Fre Pro”
idl 1A 4 List 2x22 =R
rym > jf2xK G2 SUR
| N A DQyxy2= 322. ,
VO The fast orbit (valent she) and-seemd last
| orbit (penuttmarte Sheli) Canmt hove mere than 2
| 2mt 1k eleohms respecholy
A) Any acbit cloes not need to be Letel ‘Mtec) before
he next bit stort Shing, for eg\- Drew osbit
dstovds When tact orbit gets © g eleetoms.
VWF cutermost oxbit 2nd second sactasbit Cannot
‘conan 2. Bnd © elecha M4 the thie Lact bit
hac not re Codved Tht MEMmum yumber ofelechm _
Bi ~wequired by one. i A utbau Prine ple
ae " elechons are fritid thtte
Lotbhal nthe dolor of ther Price 2h fy
chery! Pete Aing do dis Pen aple,
abitays roth Loved encagy Rs fille first
folloned by ofelitn of osbitas og highes \
“The energy L a4 otbida! Lepeyole Lepon potineipa
\quarkiurn humiber hb) and azinuthA!
(Puoetus ‘Aunmber (2) Thus filing ef-ovrb'a]
‘Con ibe explem indhe basis of CHFL) VElue
_AS4 28k 2 pl BSL BpLUs4OAZLypl es LYAL
LBP L6S6L YALIBALOPL ESL BLL bA Kp
«The osbidel bhovrng dower valve, xt (42) had
lowes Srreva.9 ShA filecl frst Ey Lys cobell
Rs felled betove SA? abheay.
For 448 ladtojey ;
| st fse2) 5 5 ; E
Vip When bye -Cheehen gbitel have Some (Hp)
the 6b Bl 6 ath lowe Ww Velue Aas loneg=
energy Pd filed frysk
4p asbideal piled 4efore Bs Cibitay
Ap Ad oh
65 STORE itt Gtates that," pBiving of electens rn
i belenying He some subLhenl oloas net Fajea ploce-
[Ato “esch: oshrbl. belonging that Svb~
