DC-Lab Report 04

Title: Verification of Y or Y Conversion and calculation of equivalent
resistance.
Introduction:
In electrical circuit analysis, the conversion between star (Y) and delta (Δ) configurations is a
fundamental concept. This conversion allows us to simplify complex circuits and calculate
equivalent resistances, enabling easier analysis and calculations. The Y-to-Δ and Δ-to-Y
conversions are particularly useful when dealing with networks containing resistors, and they
provide a systematic approach to simplify and solve circuits. we will discuss the verification of
Y-to-Δ and Δ-to-Y conversions and explore how to calculate the equivalent resistance in both
configurations. This knowledge will equip them with the necessary skills to simplify complex
circuits and analyze them effectively, contributing to successful electrical circuit design and
troubleshooting.[1]
The purpose of this experiment is:
 To find the equivalent resistance of a circuit connected either in  or Y and converts one
type of connection to other.
 To verify the conversion of equivalent resistances in ∆ (delta) to Y (wye) connection and
vice-versa.
Theory and Methodology :

The Δ-Y and Y-Δ conversions are techniques used to convert a network of resistors from one
configuration to another. These conversions are based on the principle of equivalence, where the
original network and the converted network should have the same total resistance between any
two terminals.
In many circuit applications, we encounter components connected together in one of two ways to
form a three- terminal network: the “Delta,” or  (also known as “pi,” or  ) configuration, and
the “Y” (also known as the “T” ) configuration.
© Dept. of EEE, Faculty of Engineering, American International

1
University-Bangladesh (AIUB)
Figure 1: Wye (Y) Network Figure 2 : Delta (Δ) Network
There are several equations used to convert one network to the other.
To convert a Delta () to Wye (Y) To convert a Wye (Y) to Delta ()
Apparatus:
1. Trainer Board
2. Digital Multimeter
3. DC Source ( 9V,6V)
4. Resistors (5.5KΩ, 6KΩ, 3.3KΩ, 10KΩ, 10KΩ, 10KΩ, 11.7KΩ, 0.51KΩ, 2.45KΩ )
5. Connecting Wires
Precautions:
 All the apparatus was checked.

 The circuit was implemented where necessary.

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 It was made sure that the DC source was not shorted while connecting it to the trainer
board.
 The DC source was turned off while the circuit was being implemented.
 The digital multimeter was set in voltage mode while measuring voltage and were to
current mode while measuring current. Also made sure to jump the cathode to Amphere
socket.
 The multimeter was connected in parallel with resistor when measuring voltage and was
connected in series while measuring current.
Circuit Diagram:
Figure 3 Figure 4
Experimental Procedure:
1. The circuit was implemented as figure 3. After switching power, voltage and current
across each resistor were measured. After measuring the total current flow and total
equivalent resistance, data table 1 was measured with appropriate calculations.

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2. R6, R7 and R8 was converted from Δ to Y and the circuit was again implemented as
figure 4. Rs, R1 and R2 was kept the same as figure 3 and with appropriate calculations
and measurements, data table 2 was filled.
Data Table:
Table-1 (For Figure 3):

Value of Resistors: R =5.5 KΩ, R1 =0.6KΩ, R2 =3.3KΩ, R3 =10KΩ, R4 = 10KΩ,
R5 =10KΩ.
Value of Voltage Source: E =12V.
V V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 I I1 I2 I3 I4 I5 IS RT
(V (V (V (V (V (V (mA (mA (mA (mA (mA (mA (mA (kΩ
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
Measured 12 0.37 1.27 4.79 5.6 0.9 1.05 0.67 0.39 0.48 0.58 0.09 1.07 11.71
Value
Calculated 12 0.7 1.313 4.86 5.75 0.91 1.07 0.672 0.398 0.486 0.575 0.091 1.07 11.25
Value
Simulated 12 .399 1.304 4.856 5.761 .904 1.062 .666 .395 .485 .567 0.09 1.062 2Gohm
Value
Table-2 (For Figure 4):

Value of Resistors: R =5.5KΩ, R1 =0.6KΩ, R2 =3.3KΩ, R6 = 3.3KΩ, R7 = 3.3KΩ, R8
=3.3KΩ.
Value of Voltage Source: E =12V.
V V1 V2 V6 V7 V8 I I1 I2 I6 I7 I8 IS RT
(V (V (V (V (V (V (mA (mA (mA (mA (mA (mA (mA (kΩ
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
Measured 12 0.37 1.28 2.18 1.27 3.47 1.07 0.68 0.39 0.67 0.39 1.07 1.07 11.3
Value
Calculated 12 0.4 1.313 2.2171.313 3.53 1.07 0.672 0.398 0.672 0.398 1.07 1.07 11.25
Value
Simulated 12 .399 1.304 2.212 1.304 3.52 1.067 0.670 0.395 0.666 0.395 1.062 1.062 2Gohm
Value

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Simulation and Measurement:
Fig 5 : Simulation of parameter measurements for ∆ circuit.

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Fig 6 : Simulation of parameter measurements for Y circuit.
Report Questions:
Here,
E= 12 V
R= 5.5 kΩ
R1=0.6 kΩ
R2=3.3 kΩ
R3= 10 kΩ
R4= 10 kΩ
R5= 10 kΩ
RT = 11.25 kΩ
Using Mesh analysis in figure 3. We get 3 loop,
For loop 1,
(5.5+0.6+10) I1 – 0.6 I2 – 10 I3 = 12
16.1 I1 – 0.6 I2 – 10 I3 = 12 ------------------ (i)
For loop 2,
(3.3+0.6+10) I2 – 0.6 I1 – 10 I3 = 0
13.9 I2 – 0.6 I1 – 10 I3 = 0 -------------------- (ii)
For loop 3,
30 I3 – 10 I2 – 10 I1 = 0 ----------------------- (iii)
Using Cramer's rule,
16.1 −0.6 −10
D = −0.6 13.9 −10
−10 −10 30
= [ 3582.9 ]
= 3582.9
12 −0.6 −10
DI = 0 13.9 −10
0 −10 30

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=3804
So, I = 1.061 mA
16.1 12 −10
DI2 = −0.6 0 −10
−10 0 30
= 1416
So I2 = 0.395 mA
16.1 −0.6 12
DI3 = −0.6 13.9 0
−10 −10 0
= 1740
So I3 = 0.486 mA
From the circuit I=Is=1.07 mA

I1 = (I-I2) = 0.67 mA
I4 = (I-I3) = 0.58 mA
I5 = (I2-I3) = 0.91 mA
V1 = I1× R1 = 0.672 × 0.6 = 0.4 V
V2 = I2× R2 = 0.395 × 3.3 = 1.30 V
V3 = I3× R3 = 0.486 × 10 = 4.86 V
V4 = I4× R4 = 0.58 × 10 = 5.8 V
V5 = I5× R5 = 0.091 × 10 = 0.91 V
For figure 4 from Del to Y conversion,

Rab Rca 10× 10 100
Ra= = =¿ =3.3kΩ
Rab+ Rbc + Rca 3010+10+10 30
As three resistor is same so Y conversion is same for other two resistor. So Rb= Rc =3.3 kΩ

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Discussion and Conclusion:
With this lab, we learnt how to convert and calculate the values of voltage from Delta-Y
format. Delta and Y circuits are two different types of circuits. Relation of the resistor values of
these two format are 3×∇ = Y and when we couldn’t identify the connections of resistance in a
circuit, we can use this conversion and find the equivalent resistance. In this experiment, we
converted a ∇ formatted circuit to Y formatted circuit and checked the values carefully with the
DMM machine if the connections were correct. There might be some error due to the conversion
from Del to Y.
Resources
[1] Robert L. Boylestad, “Introductory Circuit Analysis”, 13th Edition, Prentice Hall, New York.
[2] DC students Lab Manual exp- 04
[3] Study Library- https://studylib.net/doc/9945dc34 Access date: 11-07-23

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Title: Verification of Y or Y Conversion and calculation of equivalent

Theory and Methodology :

© Dept. of EEE, Faculty of Engineering, American International

 All the apparatus was checked.

© Dept. of EEE, Faculty of Engineering, American International

© Dept. of EEE, Faculty of Engineering, American International

Table-1 (For Figure 3):

Table-2 (For Figure 4):

© Dept. of EEE, Faculty of Engineering, American International

Fig 5 : Simulation of parameter measurements for ∆ circuit.

© Dept. of EEE, Faculty of Engineering, American International

© Dept. of EEE, Faculty of Engineering, American International

From the circuit I=Is=1.07 mA

For figure 4 from Del to Y conversion,

© Dept. of EEE, Faculty of Engineering, American International

© Dept. of EEE, Faculty of Engineering, American International

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