San Isidro College

INTEGRATED BASIC EDUCATION

City of Malaybalay
Mathematics 11 – Statistics and Probability
First Quarter – Second Semester
School Year 2021-2022
Name of Teacher: MELCHOR S. TATA, LPT 09127578524
Name of Learner: Venze Adrianne D. Macaday Grade Level/Section: ABM G11-St.Catherine
Date of Release: ______________ Date of Submission: ____________Date Received:____________
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 2
Topic: Constructing Probability Distribution
A. Learning Competencies/Objectives
a. Illustrates a probability distribution for a discrete random variable and its
properties. M11/12SP-IIIa-4
b. Constructs the probability mass function of a discrete random variable and its
corresponding histogram.M11/12SP-IIIa-5
c. Computes probabilities corresponding to a given random variable.M11/12SP-IIIa-6
Objectives/Learning Targets
1. To illustrate a probability distribution for a discrete random variable and its
properties;
2. To compute probabilities corresponding to a given random variable; and
3. To construct the probability mass function of a random variable and its
corresponding histogram.
B. Background Information
1. Study the example below on how to find the Probability Mass Function.
1.1 Discrete Probability Distribution/Probability Mass Function consist of
the values a random variable can assume and corresponding probabilities
of the values
Number of Tails
Suppose three coins are tossed. Let Y be the random variable representing the number of
tails that turn up. Find the probability of each of the values of the random variable Y.
Solution:
Steps Solution
1. Determine the sample The sample space of the experiment is
space. Let H represent head S={TTT , TTH , THT , HTT , HHT , HTH , THH , HHH }
and T represent tail.
2. Count the number of tails Possible Outcome Value of the Random
in each outcome in the Variable Y
sample space and assign this (Number of Tails)
number to the outcome. TTT 3
TTH 2
THT 2
HTT 2
HHT 1
HTH 1
THH 1
HHH 0
3. There are four possible
values of the random Number of Tails Y Probability P(Y)
variable Y representing the 0 1
number of tails. These are 8
0,1,2 and 3. Assign the 1 3
probability values P(Y) to 8
each value of the random 2 3
variable 8
3 1
8
Table 1. Probability Mass Function of Discrete Random Variable Y
Number of Tails Y 0 1 2 3
 Probability P(Y) 1 3 3 1
8 8 8 8
2. Properties of Probability Distribution
2.1 The probability of each value of the random variable muist be between or
equal to 0 and 1 . in symbol, we write it as 0 ≤ P( X )≤ 1.
2.2 The sum of the probabilities of all values of the random variable must be
equal to 1. In symbol we write it as ∑ P ( X )=1.
C. Activities/Exercises/Direction/Instruction/References
1. Read and understand the given background information.
2. Answer the ENTRY CARD. Write your answer on the designated column.
ENTRY CARD
Directions: Find the probability of the following events.
Event (E) Probability P(E)
1. Getting an even number in a single roll of die 3 1
P ( E )= =
6 2
2. Getting a sum of 6 when two dice are rolled 5
P ( S )=
36
3. Getting an ace when a card is drawn from a deck of cards 4 1
P ( A )= =
52 13
4. The probability that all children are boys if a couple has three children 1
P ( B )=
8
5. Drawing a card greater than 7 from a deck of cards 24 6
P (C)= =
52 13
6. Getting a red when a card is drawn queen from a deck of cards 2 1
P ( Q )= =
52 76
3. After reading and understanding the concepts, answer the following Exercises. Write
your answer on a clean sheet of paper. Use only black or blue pen. Encircle all final
answers.
4. For those who have preferred the Online learning modality, you can encode your
answer or write your answer on a clean sheet of paper, take a picture of it and paste
it on Microsoft Word. Just make sure that the photo is clear.
Exercises/Activities
A. Activity 1- Acquisition of Knowledge
Determine whether the distribution represents a probability distribution. Explain

your answer. (I will send this picture to our respective GC if not printed clearly).

1. Not a probability distribution

2. This is a probability distribution
3. Not a probability distribution
4. Not a probability distribution
5. Not a probability distribution
B. Activity 2 - Meaning-Making Answer the following questions in 3-5 sentences only.
1. Why should the sum of the probabilities in a probability distributions always equal
to 1?
Because the classical definition of probability is the number of possible outcomes
divided by the total number of outcomes, adding the probabilities of all conceivable
outcomes should result in one. When all probabilities are added, the numerator and
denominator are equal, hence the answer is one. A probability distribution, on the
other hand, encompasses all conceivable outcomes.

2. How do you make histogram for probability distribution? Give the steps.
Make a horizontal line. This is where we will indicate our classes.
Along this line, place equally spaced marks that correspond to the classes. Label the
markings to make the scale apparent, and give the horizontal axis a name. Make a
vertical line to the left of the lowest class. Select a scale for the vertical axis that will
handle the most often occurring class. Label the markings to make the scale
apparent, and give the vertical axis a name. Create bars for each class. Each bar's
height should correspond to the frequency of the class at the bottom of the bar. For
the heights of our bars, we can also utilize relative frequencies.

3. What is the shape of most probability distributions? Why do you think so?
The normal probability distribution is the single most important distribution in
probability and statistics. A normal probability distribution's density function is bell-
shaped and symmetric about the mean. The bell-shaped curve is found in both
nature and psychology.

C. Activity 3 - Transfer
Construct the probability distribution for the random variables described in the given
situation. Draw the corresponding histogram for its probability distribution.
1. Four coins are tossed. Let Z be the random variable representing the number of
heads that turn up. Find the values of the random variable Z.

D. Values Integration
Excellence & Discipline and Character
- Life is a school of probability. Abraham Lincoln said that the probability that we may
fail in the struggle ought not to deter us from the support of a cause we believe to be
just. Hence, we must become more comfortable with probability and uncertainty.