Assessment Exam 03

Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics

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CAREFULLY, CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER
OUT OF THE CHOICES.

DURATION: 4 HOURS

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PAGE (QUESTIONNAIRE)
A. 0.955 C. 0.928
1. The jet of a horizontal nozzle strikes a B. 0.898 D. 0.865
vertical plate with a force equal to 7000N. If 5. A pipe 2000 m in length with a flow rate of 2
the discharge flowing at the nozzle is 0.12 m^3/s. At the end of the 600 mm pipe, a
m^3/s. Compute the diameter of the jet. valve is provided. If the water in the supplied
A. 41 mm C. 61 mm tank before it flows into the pipe is
B. 51 mm D. 71 mm compressed at 2 Mpa with a volume of 2
2. Water is issued vertically at the rate of 30 m^3 and a volume of 1.99 m^3 at a pressure
liters per second through a 50mm diameter of 4 Mpa. Find the pressure if the valve is
nozzle. Neglecting losses, how high above closed in 20 seconds.
the nozzle tip can the water jet support a A. 3712 kPa C. 4474 kPa
load of 250N? B. 2678 kPa D. 1415 kPa
A. 8.36 C. 7.52 6. An open rectangular tank mounted on a
B. 9.32 D. 6.25 truck is 4 m long, 2 m wide and 3 m high is
3. Assuming hydrostatic pressure filled with water to a depth of 2.5 m. If it is
distributions, uniform velocity profiles, and accelerated at 8 m/s^2, determine the
negligible viscous effects, find the horizontal volume of water spilled.
force needed to hold the sluice gate in the A. 8.96 cu. m C. 8.69 cu. m
position shown in figure. B. 6.98 cu. m D. 9.86 cu. m
7. Compute the speed in rpm of a 1 m diameter
and 3 m high cylinder full of water which is
rotated about its vertical axis until 75% of its
volume is spilled out.
A. 207.22 rpm C. 210.34 rpm
B. 231.14 rpm D. 209.56 rpm
8. A 75mm diameter pipe, 2m long is just filled
with oil (sp. gr. = 0.822) and then capped
and placed on a horizontal position. It is
rotated at 27.5 rad/sec about a vertical axis
0.5m from one end. What is the pressure in
kPa at the far end of the pipe?
A. 1865 C. 1381
A. 585 kN C. 670 kN B. 1995 D. 2049
B. 618 kN D. 749 kN 9. An open, 0.75-m-diameter tank contains
4. From the figure shown, determine the water to a depth of 1.05 m when at rest. If
specific gravity of the log if the length is 6 m the tank is rotated about its vertical axis with
and the radius is 0.60 m. an angular velocity of 180 rev/min what is
the minimum height of the tank walls to
prevent water from spilling over the sides?
A. 2.10 m C. 2.55 m
B. 2.31 m D. 2.23 m
10. An open vessel 18inches in diameter and
filled with water is rotated about its vertical
axis at such a velocity that the water surface
 4in from the axis makes an angle of 40
degrees with the horizontal. Compute the
speed of rotation
A. 9 rad/sec C. 7 rad/sec
B. 8 rad/sec D. 6 rad/sec
11. A uniform wooden beam (SG =0.65) is 10
cm by 10 cm by 3 m and hinged at A. At what
angle will the beam float in water?

A. 6.05 m C. 3.92 m
B. 23.60 m D. 8.45 m
Water flows through commercial
15. Water flows freely from a water supply
A. 34.3 C. 36.4 system through a 50mm diameter pipe at
B. 35.2 D. 33.4 the rate of 6.31lit/sec. If the head lost in the
12. A uniform block of steel (SG =7.85) will system is 11.58Joules/N, determine the
“float” at a mercury-water interface as in the elevation of the water surface in the system
figure. What is the ratioof the distances a if the discharge end is at elevation of 4m.
and b for this condition? A. 16.11 m C. 15.58 m
B. 20.11 m D. 8.08 m
16. During a flow of 500 liters/sec, the gage
pressure is +68 kPa in the horizontal 300
mm supply line of a water turbine and a - 41
kPa at a 450 mm section of the draft tube 2
m. below. Estimate the horsepower output
of the turbine under such conditions
assuming efficiency of 85%. Compute the
total head extracted by the turbine
A. 13.24 C. 14.43
B. 13.96 D. 15.16
17. During a flow of 500 liters/sec, the gage
pressure is +68 kPa in the horizontal 300
mm supply line of a water turbine and a - 41
A. 0.843 C. 0.834
kPa at a 450 mm section of the draft tube 2
B. 0.845 D. 0.854
m. below. Estimate the horsepower output
13. A barge is 15 ft wide and floats with a draft of the turbine under such conditions
of 4 ft. It is piled so high with gravel that its assuming efficiency of 85%. Compute the
center of gravity is 3 ft above the waterline, output horsepower of the turbine.
as shown. What is the length of MG? Is it A. 84.7 C. 74.4
stable? B. 99.7 D. 63.2
A. -0.31 ft, No C. 0.31 ft, No
18. During a flow of 500 liters/sec, the gage
B. -0.31 ft, Yes D. 0.31 ft, Yes
pressure is +68 kPa in the horizontal 300
14. Water flows through commercial steel mm supply line of a water turbine and a - 41
annulus 50 m long as shown in the figure. kPa at a 450 mm section of the draft tube 2
Neglecting minor losses, estimate the m. below. Estimate the horsepower output
reservoir level h needed to maintain a flow of the turbine under such conditions
of 10 lit/sec. Assume f = 0.0232 assuming efficiency of 85%. Compute the
horsepower input of the turbine.
 A. 84.7 C. 74.4
C. 99.7 D. 93.2

19. An orifice 150 mm in diameter, having a

coefficient of contraction of 0.62 discharges
oil (sp.gr. = 0.80) under a head of 7.50 m.
The average actual velocity of the jet is
11.65 m/s. Compute the coefficient of
velocity.

A. 0.96 C. 0.90
B. 0.94 D. 0.98
20. An orifice 150 mm in diameter, having a
coefficient of contraction of 0.62 discharges A. 1.39m^3/s C. 0.69m^3/s
oil (sp.gr. = 0.80) under a head of 7.50 m. B. 2.39m^3/s D. 3.19m^3/s
The average actual velocity of the jet is 25. A hydraulic jump occurs in a 4m-wide
11.65 m/s. Compute the head loss of the rectangular channel carrying 5m^3/s on a
orifice slope of 0.004. The depth after the jump is
A. 0.52 C. 0.55 1.2m. Find the power loss in the jump. Unit
B. 0.59 D. 0.63 weight of water = 9.79kN/m^3
21. A 500-mm diameter concrete pipe on a A. 58.5 kW C. 84.5 kW
1/500 slope is to carry water at a flow rate of B. 54.8 kW D. 45.8 kW
0.05m^3/s. Find the depth of flow. n=0.014 26. A trapezoidal channel with a bottom width
A. 0.147 C. 0.194 of 10m and side slopes of 2 horizontal to 1
B. 0.125 D. 0.475 vertical has a horizontal curve with radius of
22. Given an open channel with a parabolic 100m without superelevation. If the
cross-section (x=1.0m and y=1.0m) on a discharge is 8m3/s and the water surface at
slope of 0.02 with n=0.015, find the critical the inside curve is 2.5 above the channel
depth for a flow rate of 2.0m^3/s. bottom, find the water-surface elevation at
the outside of the curve. Assume the flow is
subcritical.
A. 3.085 m C. 8.35 m
B. 5.83 m D. 5.035 m
27. SITUATION: From the given three
reservoirs shown. The elevation A is 346 m.,
B is at elevation 301 m and C is at elevation
241 m. Rate of flow at 1 is 200 liters/sec.
Determine the head loss of pipeline 2.

A. 0.875 C. 1.1532
B. 0.756 D. 1.75
23. If 1.4m^3/s of water flows uniformly in a
channel of width 1.8m at a depth of 0.75m,
what is the change in water-surface
elevation at a section contracted to a 1.2m
width with a 6-cm depression in the bottom?
A. 0.073 m C. 0.067 m
B. 0.037 m D. 0.076 m
24. A triangular duct flows partly full as shown
in the figure. If the critical depth is 0.60m
and n=0.016, compute the critical flow rate.

A. 40.54 m C. 43.69 m
B. 42.73 m D. 44.11 m
28. SITUATION: From the given three the base and the foundation is 0.8.
reservoirs shown. The elevation A is 346 m., Determine the maximum unit pressure on
B is at elevation 301 m and C is at elevation the foundation
241 m. Rate of flow at 1 is 200 liters/sec.
Determine the discharge of pipeline 3. A. -139 kPa C. -151.45 kPa
B. -48.88 kPa D. -65.45 kPa
32. A dam is triangular in cross-section with the
upstream face vertical. Water is flushed with
the top. The dam is 8m high and 6m wide at
the base and weighs 2.4 tons per cubic
meter. The coefficient of friction between
the base and the foundation is 0.8.
Determine the minimum unit pressure on
the foundation

A. -139 kPa C. -151.45 kPa

B. -48.88 kPa D. -65.45 kPa
33. A dam is triangular in cross-section with the
upstream face vertical. Water is flushed with
A. 90 L/s C. 96 L/s the top. The dam is 8m high and 6m wide at
B. 94 L/s D. 102 L/s the base and weighs 2.4 tons per cubic
29. SITUATION: From the given three meter. The coefficient of friction between
reservoirs shown. The elevation A is 346 m., the base and the foundation is 0.8.
B is at elevation 301 m and C is at elevation Determine the factor of safety against
241 m. Rate of flow at 1 is 200 liters/sec. overturning.
Determine the diameter of pipeline 3. A. 2.50 C. 1.44
B. 2.35 D. 2.70
34. A dam is triangular in cross-section with the
upstream face vertical. Water is flushed with
the top. The dam is 8m high and 6m wide at
the base and weighs 2.4 tons per cubic
meter. The coefficient of friction between
the base and the foundation is 0.8.
Determine the factor of safety against
sliding.
A. 2.50 C. 1.44
B. 2.35 D. 2.70
35. A tank with a frustum of a cone having its
bases and axis vertical is 3 m high and is
filled with water. It has a diameter of 2 m at
A. 175 mm C. 177 mm the top and 1 m at the bottom. The bottom
B. 180 mm D. 184 mm contains an orifice whose average
30. A vertical rectangular gate 2 m. wide and 3 coefficient of discharge maybe taken as
m. high, hinged at the top, has water on one 0.61. What size of orifice will empty the tank
side. What force applied at the bottom of the in 6 minutes and 29 seconds?
gate at an angle of 45° with the vertical is A. 72 mm C. 76 mm
required to open the gate when the water B. 74 mm D. 78 mm
surface is 1.5 m. above the top of the gate?. 36. SITUATION. The absolute viscosity of the
liquid is 1.8 x 10-3 Pa-sec and its sp.gr. is
A. 103.01 C. 176.58 0.90. Compute the equivalent kinematic
B. 145.67 D. 124.86 viscosity in m2/s.
31. A dam is triangular in cross-section with the A. 2x10^-3 C. 1.8x10^-6
upstream face vertical. Water is flushed with B. 2x10^-6 D. 0.5x10^6
the top. The dam is 8m high and 6m wide at 37. SITUATION. The absolute viscosity of the
the base and weighs 2.4 tons per cubic liquid is 1.8 x 10-3 Pa-sec and its sp.gr. is
meter. The coefficient of friction between
 0.90. Compute the equivalent value of per second, ML/s. Assume steady flow,
kinematic viscosity in stokes. neglect end contractions, and use C = 0.60
A. 0.02 C. 0.0002
B. 0.2 D. D. 0.002
38. SITUATION. At what depth of oil (sg = 0.80)
will produce a pressure of 420 kPa if above
the oil is 20m of water and 5m of glycerin (sg
= 1.26)?
A. 10.64 mm C. 33.98 mm
B. 6.3 mm D. 20.64 mm
39. SITUATION. What height of water will be
added to produce the same pressure if the
glycerin was removed in the mixture? A. 1.26 ML/s C. 1.21 ML/s
B. 26.3 m C. 33.98 m B. 1.12 ML/s D. 1.32 ML/s
C. 6.3 m D. 20.64 m 45. In a hydraulic press water is subjected to a
40. A rectangular reservoir with vertical walls pressure of 10000 psi at 68°F. If the initial
has a plan area of 60000m2. Discharge pressure is 15 psia, what is the percentage
from the reservoir take place over a decrease in volume considering that the
rectangular weir. The flow characteristics of average bulk modulus of elasticity of water
the weir is Q = 0.678 H3/2 cubic meters is 365000 psi for this temperature range?
where H is the depth of water above the weir
crest. The sill of the weir is 3.4m above the A. 4.11% C. 3.12%
bottom of the reservoir. Starting with a depth B. 6.72 % D. 2.74%
of water of 4m in the reservoir and no inflow, 46. On a sea-level standard day, a pressure
what will be the depth of water after one gage, moored below the surface of the
hour? ocean (SG = 1.025), reads an absolute
A. 3.98 m C. 3.48 m pressure of 1.4 MPa. How deep is the
B. 3.68 m D. 3.18 m instrument?
41. A rectangular swimming pool is 1m deep at A. 143 m C. 140 m
one end and increases uniformly in depth to B. 133 m D. 129 m
2.6m at the other end. The pool is 8m wide 47. If a bubble is equivalent to an air-water
and 32m long and is emptied through an interface with surface tension equal to
orifice of area 0.224m2, at the lowest point 0.005lb/ft, what is the pressure difference
in the side of the deep end. Taking Cd for between the inside and outside of a bubble
the orifice as 0.6, find the time to empty the of diameter 0.003in?
pool completely. A. 70 psf C. 7.78 psf
A. 458 sec C. 662 sec B. 80 psf D. 6.67 psf
B. 701 sec D. 514 sec 48. Two clean, parallel glass plates, separated
42. A rectangular, sharp-crested weir with both by a distance d=1.5mm, are dipped in a bath
ends contracted is 2 m long. How high of water. How far does the water rise due to
should the crest be placed in a channel to capillary action if surface tension is
maintain an upstream depth of 3 for a flow 0.0730N/m? Use 9.81m/s2 as unit weight of
of 10 m³/s? Consider the velocity of water
approach of 1.667 m/s and use C = 0.60 A. 9.92 mm C. 12.16 mm
A. 0.60 m C. 0.70 m B. 54.17 mm D. 19.84 mm
B. 0.65 m D. 0.75 m 49. What is the density of air (in kg/m³) at 2 atm
43. A cylindrical vessel 2 m. in diameter and 3 at 25 degrees Celsius in kg per cu. Meter if
m. high has a rounded circular orifice 50 mm gas constant is 4.015 kJ/(kg-K)?
in diameter at the bottom. If the vessel is
filled with water, how long will it take to lower A. 0.0169 C. 0.1694
the water surface by 2 m. Assume C = 0.60 B. 0.0619 D. 169.4
A. 382.7 sec C. 881.4 sec 50. The absolute viscosity µ of a fluid is
B. 440.7 sec D. 765.4 sec primarily a function of
44. A spillway of a dam is shown in the figure.
Compute the total discharge in million-liters A. Density C. Pressure
B. Surface Tension D. Temperature