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EVALUATION EXAMINATION – HYDRAULICS (Set A)

INSTRUCTION: Select the best answer to each of the A. 1.27 ML/s B. 1.12 ML/s C. 1.21 ML/s D. 1.32ML/s
following questions. Mark only one answer for each item by
shading the box corresponding to the letter of your choice on 6. A horizontal water jet is deflected at 90° by a frictionless steel
the answer sheet provided. STRICTLY NO ERASURES curved plate as shown in figure. Assuming the 200-N block is held
ALLOWED. Use pencil no. 2 only stationary by the jet, determine the resultant force acting on the
plate. Assume the cross-sectional area of the jet to be 0.005 m²
DO NOT WRITE ANYTHING ON THIS PAPER. DO NOT FOLD throughout the system. Assume that the velocity of the jet remains
OR MUTILATE. constant while it is curving the steel plate.

1. The water flowing in a hexagonal

sewer shown in figure below
undergoes a hydraulic jump. The
pressure gage attached at section B-
B reads a gage pressure of 8.83 kPa.
Assuming sections A-A and B-B are
sections right before and right after
the jump, determine the rate of
steady flow in the sewer in m³/s.

A. 283 N B. 304 N C. 352 N D. 406 N

7. The gate AB shown in the figure is hinged at A. What depth of

mercury will keep the gate closed?

A. 2.15 B. 2.55 C. 2.85 D. 3.25

Situation: An open container with a shape of a conical frustum is

filled with two different liquids as shown in figure.
1.2 m Ø

0.5 m Water S = 1.0 A. 2.85 ft B. 2.96 ft C. 3.06 ft D. 3.19 ft

8. A ship with vertical sides near the waterline weighs 8,000,000

lbs and draws 22 ft of draft in salt water (γsalt w.= 64.0 lb/ft³).
0.5 m Glycerin S = 1.3 Discharge of 400,000 lbs of water ballast decreases the draft to 21
ft. What would be the draft of the ship in fresh water? γfresh w.=
62.4 lb/ft³.
0.8 m Ø
2. Determine the total bursting force acting on the walls of the
container, in N.
A. 4,900 B. 5,100 C. 4,600 D. 4,500

3. If the container is reinforced with two (2) steel hoops one at the
top and one at the bottom, determine the tension at the bottom
hoop, in N.
A. 1,300 B. 1,400 C. 1,600 D. 1,500

4. If an orifice (C=0.60, and Ao=0.005 m²) is installed at the A. 19.5 ft B. 20.5 ft C. 21.5 ft D. 22.5 ft
bottommost part of the container, determine the total time it takes
for the container to be empty. 9. Three reservoirs A, B and C are connected respectively with
A. 112 s B. 103 s C. 83 s D. 94 s pipes 1, 2 and 3 joining at a common junction P whose elevation
is 366 m. Reservoir A is at elevation 933 m and reservoir B is at
5. A spillway of a dam is shown in figure. Compute the total elevation 844 m. The properties of each pipe are as follows: L1 =
discharge. Assume steady flow, neglect end contractions, and use 1500 m, D1 = 600 mm, f1 = 0.02; L2 = 1000 m, D2 = 450 mm, f2
0.60 for coefficient of discharge and CW = 1.84. = 0.025; L3 = 900 m, D3 = 500 mm, f3 = 0.018. A pressure gage
at junction P reads 4950 kPa. What is the elevation of reservoir C
(in meters)?
A. 357 m B. 533 m C. 725 m D. 835 m

10. A trapezoidal channel with side slope of 1:1 is to carry a

discharge of 45 m3/s and a mean velocity of 0.6 m/s. Bottom width
of section is 5.30 meters. If n = 0.015, determine the shearing
stress at the boundary of the channel.
A. 0.48 Pa B. 0.33 Pa C. 0.74 Pa D. 0.54 Pa
Situation: The tank shown in FIG. HYDJGB-002 is made up of a 19. A 60 cm cast iron main leads from a reservoir whose water
small container on top of a larger container. The upper container surface is at EL. 1590m. In the heart of the city the main is at EL.
has a square section (0.8m x 0.8m) while the bottom larger 1415m. What is the stress in the pipe wall in MPa if the thickness
container is rectangular (2m x 0.8m). There is an opening in the of the wall is 12.5mm and the external soil pressure is 520Kpa?
bottom container. The inflow in the upper container is just enough Assume static condition.
to keep the water level from falling. A. 41.202 B. 12.480 C. 53.682 D. 28.722

20. The base of a solid metal cone (Sp. Gr. 6.95) is 25 cm in

diameter. The altitude of the cone is 30 cm. If placed in a basin
containing mercury (Sp. Gr. 13.60) with the apex of the cone down,
how deep will the cone float?
A. 0.17 m B. 0.28 m C. 0.24 m D. 0.32 m

21. A rectangular scow 9.15 m wide by 15.25 m long and 3.65 m

high has a draft of 2.44 m in sea water. Its center of gravity is 2.75
m above the bottom of the scow. If the scow tilts until one of the
longitudinal sides is just at the point of submergence, determine
the righting couple or the overturning couple in KN-m.
A. 1076.58 B. 1095.04 C. 1236.21 D. 1178.36

Situation: A concrete dam retaining water is shown in the figure.

The specific weight of concrete is 23.5 kN/m 3. Assume there is a
hydrostatic uplift that varies uniformly from full hydrostatic head
at the heel of the dam to zero at the toe and that the coefficient of
friction between dam and foundation soil is 0.45.
11. Compute the value of H, in m. Use CW = 1.84.
A. 0.30 B. 0.40 C. 0.10 D. 0.20

12. If the supply in the upper container is stopped, compute the

time (sec) it takes for the upper container to be empty.
A. 5.12 B. 6.21 C. 6.95 D. 7.98

Situation: During a test on a 2.4 m suppressed weir 900 mm high,

the head was maintained constant at 300 mm. in 38 seconds,
28.80 kiloliters of water were collected.

13. Determine the velocity approach in m/s.

A. 0.263 B. 0.362 C. 1.05 D. 0.51

14. Determine the weir factor.

A. 2.01 B. 1.84 C. 1.89 D. 1.92

15. For the figure below, determine the discharge through the 22. Compute the factor of safety against sliding.
100mm diameter orifice in m3/s if the coefficient of velocity is 0.97 A. 1.16 B. 1.22 C. 1.36 D. 1.45
and the coefficient of discharge is 0.67.
23. Compute the factor of safety against overturning.
A. 2.20 B. 2.08 C. 2.13 D. 2.31

24. Compute the maximum pressure in intensity at the base (kPa).

A. 275.2 B. 300.2 C. 250.2 D. 235.2

25. Two clean, parallel glass plates, separated by a distance d=1.5

mm, are dipped in a bath of water. How far does the water rise due
to capillary action, if σ = 0.0730 N/m?
A. 0.94 m B. 0.094 mm C. 9.94 mm D. 9.94 m

26. The shear stress distribution in viscous fluid through a circular

A. 0.0648 B. 0.0733 C. 0.0491 D. 0.0526 pipe is.
A. Maximum at the center.
16. Which of the following statements is not true? B. Same throughout the section.
A. Bulk modulus is a measure of the fluid compressibility. C. Maximum at the inside of the surface.
B. The bigger the bulk modulus the more compressible the fluid D. None of these.
C. The bulk modulus has the same dimensions as those for
pressure and stress.
27. A hollow cube 1.0 m on each side weighs 2.4 kN. The cube is
D. The bulk modulus of water is a function of both the temperature
and pressure. tied to a solid concrete block weighing 10.0 kN. The specific gravity
of the concrete is 2.40. What will happen to the two objects?
17. Fluids that will deform at different rates under the action of the A. The cube will float but the block will sink.
same applied shear stress. B. The cube will float but the block will float.
A. Newtonian C. Bingham Plastic C. Both will float.
B. Non-Newtonian D. Pseudo Plastic D. Both will sink.

18. The pressure of air inside a tank containing air and water is 20 28. The total pressure force on a plane area is equal to the area
KPa absolute. Determine the gage pressure in kPa at point 1.5 m multiplied by the intensity of pressure at its centroid, if:
below the water surface. Assume standard atmospheric pressure.
A. Area is vertical C. Area is inclined
A. 34.72 B. -66.61 C. 136.04 D. 66.61
B. Area is horizontal D. All of the above
29. The pipe system shown in Fig. F serves two towns C and D.
The highest building in town C is at EL 21m and that in town D at
EL 18m. If f = 0.020 for all pipes and the per capita consumption
in the two towns is 0.0035 liters/s, how many persons could be
served in each town?

A. 0.955 B. 0.898 C. 1.125 D. 1.075

39. From the figure shown, what pump power is required if the
pump is 70% efficient in kilo watts?

A. 7000 & 3000 C.7500 & 3500

B. 8300 & 4000 D.6200 & 3800
A. 26.73 B. 29.48 C. 32.46 D. 35.12
30. Two spheres, each 1.3 m in diameter, weigh 5 kN and 13 kN,
respectively. They are connected with a short rope and placed in 40. What is the net force needed to hold the orifice plate shown in
water. What percentage of the volume of the lighter sphere figure onto the pipe in KN?
protrudes from the water?
A. 50.20 % B. 31.26 % C. 38.67 % D. 40.10 %

31. A water rocket is fabricated by attaching fins to a 3-liter plastic

bottle. The rocket is partially filled with water and the air space
above the water is pressurized, causing water to jet out of the
rocket and propel the rocket upward. Estimate the thrust force in
for a jet velocity of V = 30 m/s where the mass flow rate is m = 9
kg/s.
A. 810 N B. 405 N C. 270 N D. 90 N

32. Air at standard sea-level pressure has a temperature of 4°C.

What is the density of the air in kg/m3?
A. 1.27 B. 1.29 C. 1.31 D. 1.33

33. Calculate the pressure increase that must be applied to water A. 353.43 B. 391.76 C. 420.74 D. 465.25
to reduce its volume by 2%.
A. 46 MPa B. 44 MPa C. 48 MPa D. 50 MPa 41. Assuming hydrostatic pressure distributions, uniform velocity
profiles, and negligible viscous effects, find the horizontal force
34. A particular body has a mass of 27kg on earth. Calculate its needed to hold the sluice gate in the position shown in figure.
mass on the moon, where g = 5868 m/min2.
A. 44 B. 158436 C. 27 D. 5868

35. A water bug is suspended on the surface of a pond by surface

tension (water does not wet the legs). The bug has six legs, and
each leg is in contact with the water over a length of 5 mm. What
is the maximum mass (in grams) of the bug if it is to avoid sinking?
A. 1.239 x 10-3 C. 9.912 x 10-3
B. 4.956 x 10-3 D. 2.478 x 10-3

36. In a rectangular flume 2m wide, water flowing at a depth of 30

cm. jumps to a depth of 1.2 m. Find the discharge in m3/s.
A. 3.25 B. 1.67 C. 2.25 D. 4.50
A. 585 kN B. 618 kN C. 670 kN D. 749 kN
37. A river carries a capacity of 10.5 m3/s at an average velocity of
1.2 m/s. What must be the depth of a brick-lined trapezoidal canal
42. A river carries a capacity of 10.5 mᶾ/s at an average velocity of
to carry the same capacity and velocity as the river with SS 2H:1V
1.2 m/s. What must be the depth of a brick-lined trapezoidal canal
in order to have the most economical section?
to carry the same capacity and velocity as the river with SS 2H:1V
A. 1.20 m B. 2.53 m C. 1.88 m D. 0.89 m
in order to have the most economical section?
A. 1.20 m B. 2.53 m C. 1.88 m D. 0.89 m
38. From the figure shown, determine the specific gravity of the log
if the length is 6 m and the radius is 0.60 m.
43. A river carries a capacity of 10.5 m3/s at an average velocity of
1.2 m/s. What must be the depth of a brick-lined trapezoidal canal
to carry the same capacity and velocity as the river with SS 2H:1V 53. A rectangular sharp crested weir with end contractions is 1.4m
in order to have the most economical section? long. How high should it be placed in a channel to maintain an
A. 1.20 m B. 2.53 m C. 1.88 m D. 0.89 m upstream depth of 2.35m for a flow of 400L/s. Use CW =1.84.
A. 1.965 m C. 2.053 m B. 1.895 m D. 2.134 m
44. Water flows steadily through the double elbow shown in figure.
Water flows into the elbow from the top at 5 m/s, and from the left 54. A rectangular channel has a width of 4m and carries a
at 15 m/s. Determine the resultant of the force needed to hold the discharge of 3m3/s. Friction factor f=0.0186. Determine the
roughness coefficient.
elbow in place.
A. 0.01275 C. 0.01325
B. 0.01212 D. 0.01386

55. The angular displacement of a boat or ship about its

longitudinal axis is known as 'rolling' while that about its transverse
axis.
A. Diving C. Tilting
B. Declination D. Pitching

56. The elasticity and dimensions of a pipe are such that the
celerity of pressure wave is 975m/s. The pipe diameter is 1.20m
and a valve is located 600m downstream. Water is flowing initially
at 0.85m3/s. What is the water hammer if the valve is manipulated
so that the flow rate drops almost instantly from 0.85 to 0.28m 3/s?
A. 385 N/m2 C. 468 N/m2
B. 422 N/m2 D. 491 N/m2

57. A 600 mm drum with a diameter of 600 mm has a hole in the

center of its lid and contains kerosene (SG=0.814) to a level of 400
mm when v = 0. If the drum is placed on the platform and it attains
an angular velocity of 12 rad/s, determine the resultant force the
A. 26 kN B. 24 kN C. 28 kN D. 30 kN kerosene exerts on the lid.
A. 85.12 N B. 42.56 N C. 73.39 N D. 36.69 N
45. The cross section of a straight river is approximated as shown
in figure. At what depth will 100 m3/s of water flow? The slope is 58. The closed cylindrical tank is filled with milk, for which density
0.001 and roughness coefficient is 0.022. = 1030 kg/m3. If the inner diameter of the tank is 1.5 m, determine
the unbalanced force when the truck accelerates at 0.8 m/s2.

A. 3.62 m B. 3.91 m C. 2.85 D. 2.47 m

46. The absolute pressure of the fluid at the inlet side of the pump.
A. Vacuum Pressure C. Pump Pressure A. 11.701 kN C. 7.578 kN
B. Inlet Pressure D. Suction Pressure B. 19.279 kN D. 7.285 kN

47. The measure of resistance of a fluid to flow. 59. When a 2-mm-diameter tube is inserted into a liquid in an open
A. Surface Tension C. Friction tank, the liquid is observed to rise 10 mm above the free surface
B. Cohesion D. Viscosity of the liquid. The contact angle between the liquid and the tube is
zero, and the specific weight of the liquid is 1.2 x 104 N/m3.
48. The wetted perimeter of a most efficient rectangular channel is Determine the value of the surface tension for this liquid.
3.8m. If the channel has a value of n = 0.012, and slope of 1 in A. 0.0300 N/m C. 0.0900 N/m
2000, determine the Froude number. B. 0.0600 N/m D. 0.1200 N/m
A. 120 B. 135 C. 0.37 D. 130

49. A circular pipe, for which n = 0.014, is laid on a slope of 0.00023 60. The buoyant force, BF, which is equal to the weight of the
and is to carry 2.56 m3/s when the pipe flows at 80% of full depth. displaced fluid is acting at the.
Determine the required diameter of pipe. A. At the center of gravity of the body or an object
A. 1.94 m B. 2.05 m C. 2.16 m D. 2.28 m B. Center of pressure
C. Bottom of the body
50. In a wide rectangular channel, if the normal depth is increased D. Centroid of the displaced volume of fluid
by 25%, find the increase in discharge.
A. 45 % B. 50 % C. 40 % D. 55 %

51. A trapezoidal plate of parallel sides A and 2A and height H is

immersed vertically in water with its side of length A horizontal and
topmost. The top edge is at a depth H below the water surface. “Your conscience is the measure
Determine location of center of pressure from the water surface.
A. 1.68 H B. 1.61 H C. 1.74 H D. 1.52 H of honesty of your selfishness.
52. When a shear stress is applied to a substance it is found to
Listen to it carefully.”
resist it by static deformation. The substance is __________?
A. Liquid B. Fluid C. Gas D. Solid