This document provides notes on integer operations and order of operations. It includes:
- Definitions of integer vocabulary terms like positive/negative integers and opposite values
- Guidelines for adding, multiplying, dividing and subtracting integers, such as keeping the sign when multiplying integers with the same sign or taking the sign of the number with the larger absolute value when adding integers with different signs
- Visual strategies like a tug-of-war model or sign triangles to determine the sign of integer operations
- Explanations of exponent rules with integers and how brackets are used to separate signs
- Examples of applying the order of operations (BEDMAS) to integer expressions
This document provides notes on integer operations and order of operations. It includes:
- Definitions of integer vocabulary terms like positive/negative integers and opposite values
- Guidelines for adding, multiplying, dividing and subtracting integers, such as keeping the sign when multiplying integers with the same sign or taking the sign of the number with the larger absolute value when adding integers with different signs
- Visual strategies like a tug-of-war model or sign triangles to determine the sign of integer operations
- Explanations of exponent rules with integers and how brackets are used to separate signs
- Examples of applying the order of operations (BEDMAS) to integer expressions
This document provides notes on integer operations and order of operations. It includes:
- Definitions of integer vocabulary terms like positive/negative integers and opposite values
- Guidelines for adding, multiplying, dividing and subtracting integers, such as keeping the sign when multiplying integers with the same sign or taking the sign of the number with the larger absolute value when adding integers with different signs
- Visual strategies like a tug-of-war model or sign triangles to determine the sign of integer operations
- Explanations of exponent rules with integers and how brackets are used to separate signs
- Examples of applying the order of operations (BEDMAS) to integer expressions
This document provides notes on integer operations and order of operations. It includes:
- Definitions of integer vocabulary terms like positive/negative integers and opposite values
- Guidelines for adding, multiplying, dividing and subtracting integers, such as keeping the sign when multiplying integers with the same sign or taking the sign of the number with the larger absolute value when adding integers with different signs
- Visual strategies like a tug-of-war model or sign triangles to determine the sign of integer operations
- Explanations of exponent rules with integers and how brackets are used to separate signs
- Examples of applying the order of operations (BEDMAS) to integer expressions
Table of Contents: Topic Vocabulary Operations on Integers-Addition Operations on Integers-Multiplication Operations on Integers-Division Operations on Integers-Subtraction Exponents with Integers Order of Operations (BEDMAS) with Integers
Page 2 3 5 5 6 7 8
Page 1
Vocabulary Integer: Positive or negative whole numbers including zero. Negative Integers: -5, -4, -3, -2, -1 Positive Integers: +1, +2, +3, +4, +5 Opposite Value: Two numbers that add up to zero. The opposite of -5 is +5 because -5 +5 =0 The absolute value is how far a number is from 0 (zero) on a number line, on either side of 0 (zero). The absolute value of a number is always positive. The absolute value of 2 and of -2 are both 2 as they are both 2 units from 0 (zero). The symbol for absolute value is
Page 2
Operations on Integers: Adding Integers: Always try to make integer expressions into a little story. For Example:
+3-6 could mean that you had $3 and then you spent $6. Now you owe $3. (+3-6=-3)
+6+7 could mean that you had $6 and then you earned $7 more. Now you have $13. (+6+7=+13)
-2+4 could mean that you owed $2 and then you earned $4. You paid off your dept and now have $2 left. (-2+4=+2)
-6-4 could mean that you borrowed $6 and then you
borrowed $4 more. You now owe $10. (-6-4=-10)
General Rules for Adding Integers:
If the signs are the Same: Keep the sign and add the two numbers together. -11-6 = -17 OR +12+7 = +19 If the signs are different: Take the sign of the number with the largest absolute value and then find the difference (subtract) the numbers. -15+12 = -3 OR +12-9 = +3 Page 3
Visual Strategy for Adding Integers:
Question: (-8) + (+2) Strategy #1: Tug of War Visualize a tug of war between 2 sides. On the negative side there are 8 and on the positive side there are 2. This means that the negative side wins by 6 so the answer is -6. Stategy #2: Numbers in Boxes 1) place the numbers each in a box with the sign above it. 2) Ask yourself 2 questions: which box is greater and by how much. +
The negative sign wins by 6 so -6 is the answer.
Page 4
Multiplying and Dividing Integers:
When Signs are different ( 1 positive, 1 negative), the product or quotient (answer) always ends up with a negative (-) sign. Multiplying (X): You borrow $6 from your mother on Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday. Now you owe her $18. (-6) X (+3) = -18 Dividing (): You need to borrow $6. You borrow even amounts from 2 different friends. How much will you owe each friend? (-6) (+2) = -3 When signs are the same ( 2 positives or 2 negatives), the product or quotient (answer) always ends up with a positive (+) sign. (+6) X (+4) = +24
(-5) X (-6) = +30
(+10) (+2) = (+5)
(-12) (-3) = (+4)
Page 5
Visual Strategy for Determining the Sign when
Multiplying and Dividing Integers: Question: (-6) x (+2) Strategy #1: Triangle Signs 1) Draw the triangle as shown 2) Cross out the two signs given (- and +). The remaining sign (-) is your answer.
and 6 x 2 = 12 so the answer is -12.
Subtraction of Integers: There are two ways to subtract integers: Method 1: Change the sign and the operation. In other words: Add the opposite integer. i.e. (-4) - (-4) i.e. (-6) - (+7) =(-4) + (+4) =0
=(-6) + (-7) = -13
Page 6
i.e. (+5) - (-6)
i.e. (+5) - (+3)
=(+5) + (+6) = +11
= (+5) + (-3) = +2
Method 2: Use the integer rules for multiplication to
remove the brackets, then add the numbers. i.e. (-4) - (-4) = -4 + 4 =0
i.e. (-6) - (+7)
= -6 - 7 = -13
Exponents with Integers
(-2)3= -2 x -2 x -2 = -8 (-2)4 = -2 x -2 x -2 x -2 = +16 *If the base is negative and in brackets, then the answer is positive if the exponent is even and the answer is negative if the exponent is odd. -24= -16 * this answer is negative because it is negative 24 . You record the negative after because it is not in brackets.
