Intervals

The psychometric properties of the Ages & Stages Questionnaires (ASQ) (Bricker & Squires, 1999) used in a French-Canadian preschool population were compared with psychometric data derived from US normative studies. The ASQ was translated into French (Bonin, Robaey, ...

The Association of American Medical Colleges has encouraged educators to investigate proper linkage of simulation experiences with medical curricula. The authors aimed to determine if student knowledge and satisfaction differ between participation in web-based and manikin simulations for learning shock physiology and treatment and to determine if a specific training sequencing had a differential effect on learning. All 40 second-year medical students participated in a randomized, counterbalanced study with two interventions: group 1 ( n = 20) participated in a web-based simulation followed by a manikin simulation and group 2 ( n = 20) participated in reverse order. Knowledge and attitudes were documented. Mixed-model ANOVA indicated a significant main effect of time ( F1,38 = 18.6, P < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.33). Group 1 scored significantly higher on quiz 2 (81.5%) than on quiz 1 (74.3%, t19 = 3.9, P = 0.001), for an observed difference of 7.2% (95% confidence interval: 3.3, 11.0). Mean...

This thesis is a study of fingerings of intervals on the guitar fretboard in the framework of position playing. The main research question is to explore all the applicable fingerings one can find for single intervals within one specific location (i.e. a "position") on the guitar fretboard. For this study the principles of position playing are considered constant when determining the possible interval fingerings while aspects like idiom or tonality are disregarded. The main objective of this study is to list the fingerings of all intervals no larger than an octave in one position while the secondary objective is to bring awareness to the technical aspect of the fretting hand in intervallic playing. The results show that intervals have multiple fingerings on the guitar fretboard in one position. The player must address the technical aspect of the different fingerings when playing intervals.

This report presents estimates from a large-scale, multi-district RCT on the effectiveness of a summer reading program on improving student reading comprehension for economically disadvantaged grade 3 students reading below the 50th percentile nationally.Students had to meet three criteria to be eligible for the study: (1) be enrolled in the FRPL program (to identify economically disadvantaged students); (2) have a Lexile measure (provided as part of the Texas assessment program) at or below 590L on the spring 2009 grade 3 English language reading assessment, which represents the 50th percentile for grade 3 on national norms linked to the Lexile scale (Scholastic, Inc. 2007); and (3) be physically and mentally able to read independently (as determined by their teachers) since students were not going to receive support during the summer. The confirmatory analysis found that the summer reading program did not have a statistically significant impact on student reading comprehension. Se...

Millions of young children attend preschools and other structured child development programs, but little is known about their physical activity levels while in those settings. The purpose of this study was to describe the physical activity levels and demographic and school-related correlates of physical activity in children attending preschools, using a direct observation measurement system. The Observational System for Recording Physical Activity in Children-Preschool Version was used to measure physical activity levels and related factors in four hundred ninety-three 3- to 5-year-old children in 24 preschools. A minimum of six hundred 30-second observation intervals were recorded for each child. Physical (height/weight) and demographic data also were collected. Children engaged in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during less than 3% of the observation intervals and were sedentary during more than 80% of the observation intervals. Boys were more likely than girls to en...

We present an empirical study that investigated seventh-, ninth-, and eleventh-grade students' understanding of the infinity of numbers in an interval. The participants (n= 549) were asked how many (ie, a finite or infinite number of numbers) and what type of numbers (ie, decimals, fractions, or any type) lie between two rational numbers. The results showed that the idea of discreteness (ie, that fractions and decimals had “successors” like natural numbers) was robust in all age groups; that students tended to believe that the ...

In two experiments we explored the instructional value of a cross‐domain mapping between “number” and “line” in secondary school students' understanding of density. The first experiment investigated the hypothesis that density would be more accessible to students in a geometrical context (infinitely many points on a straight line segment) compared to a numerical context (infinitely many numbers in an interval). The participants were 229 seventh to eleventh graders. The results supported this hypothesis but also showed that ...