Human Movement

The study of human behaviour ultimately requires the documentation of human movement. In some instances movements can be recorded through a simple button press on a computer input device. In other situations responses can be captured through questionnaire surveys. Nevertheless, there is a need within many neuroscience settings to capture how complex movements unfold over time (human kinematics). Current methods of measuring human kinematics range from accurate but multifarious laboratory configurations to ...

Background: The training center programs are integrated exercises carried out by the Indonesian National Sports Committee (INSC) in the Yogyakarta region in preparing for the weekly National Sports (PON XX)multi-event in Papua. Purpose: The aim was toexplore a deeper understanding along examining empirically variable-indicators relationships, simply known as the correlation of service quality, financial support, social environment, motivation, satisfaction, and athlete performance in sports. Design/method/approach: The research is descriptive with the mixed method. The approach was tested using structural equation modeling involving 137 athletes from the training center-INSC in Yogyakarta. Results: The scale/indicators and items used to evaluate the relationship of the variables and whether variable-indicators are valid and meaningful. By employing SPSS.23 and Smart PLS-SEM while testing data, construct validity and reliability compounds (Cronbach’s alpha, rho-A, composite reliability, and AVE) were all verified and valid. When testing the correlation between indicators-variables, significance correlation was found in almost relation. However, correlating between variables-variables, a large number of data did not verify such correlation. The expected reason was that the researcher employed many variables with multiples items in one study. Linear regression was also analyzed and found in some aspects with P-value < 0.05. Conclusion: Although not all results showed a significant effect especially on dependent variables, service quality, social environment, financial support should be elaborated in the wake of improving satisfaction, motivation, and athlete achievement. As a suggestion, it could be the first study to be applied directly to the current situation in the PON XX-DIY training center programs.

The target of this article was to realize a description on the application of the qualitative method in Physical Therapy, discipline that has based his scientific development on the paradigm of investigation quantitatively, due to his historical origin from the medicine and as a response to the need for attention and rehabilitation of the persons with physical disabilities. The results of the realized review show on one hand the generalities of the qualitative method, his differences with the quantitative approach, in addition to the possible and necessary integration of both approaches. Furthermore, it describes the application and contribution of the qualitative investigation in the construction of the body of knowledge of the Physical Therapy. Bearing in mind the incipient developments of the qualitative investigation realized by the physiotherapists, there stand firm three professional and academic challenges. The generation and the publication of the knowledge from qualitative ...

This pilot study compared a new treatment approach, the Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) to the Contemporary Treatment Approach (CTA) to treating children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). CO-OP emphasises problem-solving strategies and guided discovery of child and task specific strategies. CTA encompasses a variety of approaches, such as neuromuscular, multi-sensory, and biomechanical, focusing on motor aspects of skill acquisition. Twenty children with a mean age of 9.05 years (S.D.=1.23) participated in the study. All children had normal intelligence, scored below the 15th percentile on a standardised test of motor ability, and demonstrated motor difficulties significant enough to warrant referral for treatment. Pre- and post-measures included the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS), the Bruininks–Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOTMP), the Developmental Test of Visual–Motor Integration-Revised (VMI), the motor items of the Self-Perception Profile for Children (SPPC), and the Performance Quality Rating Scale (PQRS). In both groups, treatment goals were child-chosen. Both treatments lead to improved COPM self-ratings of performance and satisfaction; however, improvements in the CO-OP group were greater than those in the CTA group. These results were paralleled by PQRS scores, and the Motor scores on the VABS, but not on the BOTMP measures. This outcome still needs replication as no control group was involved and because of the occurrence of pre-treatment differences between the CO-OP and CTA groups on relevant measures. Follow-up data indicated that children who received CO-OP tended to experience greater long-term maintenance of their motor goals and acquired strategies; follow-up parent-report rated CO-OP treatment as more useful than CTA treatment. Self-report, observer report, standardised assessment, and follow-up all demonstrated the effectiveness of the CO-OP approach, supporting the use of CO-OP and suggesting further investigation of this new cognitive intervention.

The aim of this systematic review was to determine if eccentric exercise is superior to concentric exercise in stimulating gains in muscle strength and mass. Meta-analyses were performed for comparisons between eccentric and concentric training as means to improve muscle strength and mass. In order to determine the importance of different parameters of training, subgroup analyses of intensity of exercise, velocity of movement and mode of contraction were also performed. Twenty randomised controlled trials studies met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analyses showed that when eccentric exercise was performed at higher intensities compared with concentric training, total strength and eccentric strength increased more significantly. However, compared with concentric training, strength gains after eccentric training appeared more specific in terms of velocity and mode of contraction. Eccentric training performed at high intensities was shown to be more effective in promoting increases in muscle mass measured as muscle girth. In addition, eccentric training also showed a trend towards increased muscle cross-sectional area measured with magnetic resonance imaging or computerised tomography. Subgroup analyses suggest that the superiority of eccentric training to increase muscle strength and mass appears to be related to the higher loads developed during eccentric contractions. The specialised neural pattern of eccentric actions possibly explains the high specificity of strength gains after eccentric training. Further research is required to investigate the underlying mechanisms of this specificity and its functional significance in terms of transferability of strength gains to more complex human movements.

Flossband, as a novel and effective tissue flossing technique, is becoming increasingly popular in the field of athletic training, sports injury prevention, and rehabilitation. The purpose of this literature review is to summarize updated evidence about the effects of flossband application on joint range of motion (ROM), pain, muscle tightness, strength, and physical functional performance as well as identify research gaps for future study. Google Scholar, PubMed, EBSCO, and Web of Science were used to search related articles. The keywords of floss bands, flossbands, floss band, tissue flossing, flossing band, voodoo floss band, voodoo floss bands, track floss, rock floss, life floss band, and Rogue voodoo floss were used to extract target articles. English journal articles, full-text available, and content related to outcome measures were included. Conference abstracts, books, case studies, guideline reviews were omitted. 23 full-text journal articles were included for further qualitative analysis after removing duplicates and deleting articles that violate the screening criterion. Flossband application on limbs, soft tissue, or joints with about 50% flossing tension or 150 mmHg wrapping pressure could have small to medium effects on the parameters of ROM, muscle stiffness, muscle strength, and physical function performance, and large effects on pain management. Most previous studies were mainly focused on the acute effect of flossband application on peripheral joints or soft tissues in healthy and active participants or well-trained athletes. Therefore, for future studies, more evidence is needed on the benefits of long-term flossband trunk application and concerning patients with various diseases.

Exploring the practices of creation and expression in the field of performing arts, this study aims at catching a minor quality on performers’ bodies. It would allow one to escape from patterns of representing and to create new modes of existence on scene. This research focus on the relevance of a work over the skin that enlarges possibilities of compositions on the flesh. The analysis is based on case studies from classes on vocal and body expressions when the author taught these practical activities allied to the philosophies of difference. Along two years, it was possible to note how this alliance promoted potential variations on performers’ bodies and their creations. Another source was a performing work that happened in Porto Alegre, Brazil, in 2017, which provided further material considering the expression on performers’ bodies. Hence, focused on the present moment and on the presence of violence (forces), swinging from the training to the stage, I illustrate impressions of claustrophobic events and how performers could find their ways of breathing. In a pendulous investigation between the social and the skin, it exposes the kinds of operations that are happening on the contemporary performing field. As Deleuze has already noted, people of theatre are operators before their roles of actors, dancers, directors or authors. Then, reflecting on saturations, condensations, subtractions and annihilations that put things into movement, I focus on the complex assemblages built on performers’ bodies clarifying movements of creation that are always singular and at the same time collective and politic. Particularly, the animal in its presence of forces, the violence within the virtuosities, the voices before the speeches, are some of the resources found in compositions of performing war machines against the macro and micro fascisms. Finally, there are multiverses of desires (forces), deserts (horizons) and doubles (manifested couplings) as operations that reiterate the quote appropriated by Deleuze from Paul Valéry, which says “what is most deep is the skin”.

RESUMEN El objetivo de este artículo fue realizar una descripción sobre la aplicación del método cualitativo en Fisioterapia, disciplina que ha basado su desarrollo científico en el paradigma de investigación cuantitativo, debido a su origen histórico a partir de la medicina y como una respuesta a la necesidad de atención y rehabilitación de las personas con discapacidades físicas. Los resultados de la revisión realizada muestran por una parte las generalidades del método cualitativo, sus diferencias con el enfoque cuantitativo, además de la posible y necesaria integración de ambos enfoques. Igualmente, describe la aplicación y contribución de la investigación cualitativa en la construcción del cuerpo de conocimiento de la Fisioterapia. Teniendo en cuenta los incipientes desarrollos de la investigación cualitativa realizados por los fisioterapeutas, se planten tres retos profesionales y académicos. La generación y la divulgación del conocimiento y el desarrollo de destrezas en el ma...